Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
a) Mention one unit of energy, apart from joule, that is used to express the following.
i.
Heat energy
calorie (cal)
( mark)
ii.
Electrical energy
kilowatt-hour (kWh)
( mark)
iii.
( mark)
iv.
Energy of an electron
electron-volt (eV)
( mark)
b) A ring is melted and made into a sphere. Describe what happens to its centre of gravity.
[2]
[2]
The
centre
of
gravity
of
a
ring
is
outside
its
mass
(1
mark)
and
at
its
geometrical
centre.
When
it
is
melted,
and
cast
into
a
sphere,
centre
of
gravity
comes
inside
its
mass
(1
mark)
and
at
its
geometrical
centre.
c) Define
kgf.
How
is
it
related
to
the
SI
unit
of
force?
[2]
1
kgf
is
the
magnitude
of
the
force
of
the
earths
gravity
acting
on
a
mass
of
1
kg.
(1
mark)
1
kgf
=
9.8
N
(1
mark)
d) Give
an
example
of
a
Class
1
lever
whose
mechanical
advantage
is
lesser
than
1.
Describe
the
benefit
of
the
machine
named
by
you.
[2]
Scissors
(1
mark)
Load
moves
by
greater
distance,
so
more
length
of
paper
or
cloth
is
cut
for
same
effort
(1
mark)
e) The
number
of
teeth
on
the
driver
and
the
follower
gear
are
36
and
12
respectively.
i.
[1]
[1]
Question
2
a) A
ball
is
thrown
upwards.
Explain
why
the
work
done
by
the
force
of
gravity
is
negative.
[2]
W
=
FScos
Since
F
and
S
are
in
the
opposite
direction,
=
180
(1
mark).
Hence
cos
=
-1
(1
mark),
and
work
done
is
negative
b) A
ball
is
dropped
from
a
height
of
4
m.
i.
What
is
the
maximum
height
to
which
the
ball
can
bounce
back
after
hitting
the
ground?
[1]
4
m
(1
mark)
ii.
Why is the actual height lesser than the one stated by you above?
[1]
Some
amount
of
kinetic
energy
is
converted
to
heat
energy
(
mark)
and
sound
energy
(
mark)
c) Why
is
the
mechanical
advantage
of
an
inclined
plane
always
greater
than
1?
[2]
[2]
[2]
Centrifugal
force
is
said
to
be
a
fictitious
force
since
there
is
no
agent
(1
mark)
pushing
or
pulling
the
body
experiencing
the
centrifugal
force.
The
body
feels
centrifugal
force
on
account
of
inertia
(1
mark).
Question
3
a) A
machine
displaces
a
load
of
125
kgf
through
a
distance
of
0.3
m
when
an
effort
of
12.5
kgf
acts
through
a
distance
of
4
m.
Calculate
the
velocity
ratio,
mechanical
advantage
and
the
efficiency
of
the
machine.
VR
dE / dL
MA
L / E
MA / VR X 100
Efficiency =
4 m / 0.3 cm
13.33 (1 mark)
10
10 / 13.33 X 100
75 % (1 mark)
[3]
(1 mark)
b) Two
forces
of
20
N
each
act
at
the
0
cm
and
100
cm
mark
of
a
metre
rule
respectively
as
shown
below.
20 N
100
cm
0 cm
20 N
i.
ii.
20N X 1 m
20 Nm
(1 mark)
[1]
A
force
at
the
70
cm
mark
brings
the
rule
to
equilibrium.
Determine
the
magnitude
of
this
force.
force
20 Nm / 0.2 m
100 N
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
[2]
ii.
Power
work / time
Work
150000 J
(1 mark)
Power
150000 J / 12 s
12500 W
(1 mark)
With
the
same
power,
how
much
time
will
the
car
take
to
go
from
20
m.s-1
to
30
m.s-1?
Time
work / power
Work
250000 J
(1 mark)
Time
250000 J / 12500 W
20 s
(1 mark)
[2]
[2]
Question
4
a) A
wooden
crate
of
mass
50
kg
is
to
be
lifted
to
a
height
of
10
m.
i.
Which
of
the
machines
should
to
be
used
for
this
purpose
a
plank
inclined
at
30
with
horizontal
or
a
single
movable
pulley?
Assume
that
friction
in
both
is
zero.
[1]
[2]
(1 mark)
Plank
(1
mark)
ii.
However,
even
if
there
is
no
friction,
the
actual
MA
of
the
single
movable
pulley
is
lesser
than
2
because
of
the
weight
of
the
movable
pulley
(1 mark)
ii.
Determine the velocity of the ball at the base of the inclined plane.
KE of ball at base
( mark)
mv2
mgh
( mark)
( mark)
2 10 3.6
( mark)
8.46 m.s-1
Why is the actual velocity of the ball lesser than the one calculated?
[2]
[1]
Some
kinetic
energy
is
converted
into
heat
energy
(
mark)
and
sound
energy
(
mark).
c) A
man
uses
a
pulley
system
of
5
pulleys
to
lift
a
load
of
3600
N.
If
the
effort
applied
was
800
N,
i.
ii.
iii.
MA
3600 N / 800 N
( mark)
4.5
( mark)
Efficiency =
MA / VR X 100
4.5 / 5 X 100
( mark)
90 %
( mark)
Determine the resistance due to the weight of the movable block and friction.
MA
n R/E
( mark)
(n MA) E
( mark)
(5 4.5) 800
( mark)
400 N
( mark)
[1]
[1]
[2]