NOTRE DAME OF TACURONG COLLEGE

City of Tacurong
DRUG STUDY
Name of Patient: Mr. A
Attending Physician: Dr. N
Diagnosis: Dengue Fever
NAME

Prepared by: Carlo L. Arriola Year and Section: BSN-3

Checked By: Gina S. Cuenca, RN, MN Date: January 16, 2010
DRUG ACTION
SIDE EFFECT
CONTRAINDICATIOS
NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic:
Mechanism of action:
1. Verify the physicians
cefuroxime sodium
Second-generation cephalosporin that
CV: phlebitis,
Patients hypersensitive to order.
inhibits cell-wall synthesis, promoting thrombophlebitis.
drug and those with acute To ensure that the drug
Brand Name:
osmotic instability; usually
GI: nausea, anorexia,
porphyria
is right.
Zinacef
bactericidal.
vomiting, diarrhea.
Safety and efficacy not
2. Monitor V/S (RR,
Hematologic:
established in children.
Temp. CR)
Classification:
Bibliography:
eosinophilia,
To provide baseline
Anti-infective
hemolytic anemia.
data and check status of
(second generation
Nursing 2006 drug handbook pg. 722- Skin: maculopapular
the patient.
cephalosporin)
723
and erythematous
3. Practice hand washing
2007 edition. PDR Nurses.
rashes, urticaria,
before administering the
Indications
pain, induration,
drug.
- >Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, infection of
sterile abscesses,
To avoid cross
MODE OF
SPECIAL
contamination of
ADMINISTRATION the urinary or lower respiratory tracts, temperature
PRECAUTION
and skin or skin-structure infection
elevation, tissue
microorganisms.
caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae
sloughing at I.M.
Use cautiously in patients 4. Explain the purpose of
and S.
injection site.
with hepatic dysfunction drug to the client.
pyogenes,Haemophilusinfluenzae,Stap Other:
The patient will be
Route:
adjust dosage in patients
hylococcusaureus,
Escherichia
coli,
hypersensitivity
oriented
as well as gain
IVTT
with impaired renal
Moraxella catarrhalis (including betareactions, serum
trust and cooperation.
Dosage:
function
lactamase-producing
strains),
Neisseria
sickness.
5. Prepare needed
750mg
gonorrhoeae.
Time:
DRUG INTERACTION equipment ahead of time.
To conserve time and
ADVERSE
q 8 hours
Antacids: may interfere
EFFECT
with ranitidine absorption energy.
struggler doses if possible. 6. Assess patients and
families knowledge of the
GI:
Diazepam: may decrease
drug therapy.
pseudomembranous absorption of diazepam.
To provide boarder
colitis
Glipizide: may increase
health teaching.
Hematologic:
hypoglycemic effect
7. Obtain history of
transient

neutropenia,

previous use and reaction

to drugs before giving.
To obtain history of
hypersensitivity reaction.
8. Explain the side effects
and instructs SO to report
promptly any unusualities
to occur.
To make health team
aware and have proper or
immediate nursing
intervention or
management.
9. Check drug dosage
properly before giving.
To be accurate in
administering drugs and
ensure the safety of the
patient.
10. Before administering
the drug, make sure that
the patient has taken her
meals.
taking the drug with
meals will lessen the
possibility of
gastrointestinal upset.

NOTRE DAME OF TACURONG COLLEGE

COLLEGE OF NURSING
DRUG STUDY
NAME

DRUG ACTION

SIDE EFFECT

CONTRAINDICATION

GENERIC:
Ranitidine
Hydrochloride

Mechanism of Action:
Competitively inhibits
the action of histamine
at the H2 receptors of
the parietal cells of the
stomach
lining,
inhibiting basal gastric
acid secretion that is
stimulated by food,
insulin,
histamine,
cholinergic
agonists,
gastrin,
and
pentagastrin.

BRAND:
Zantac

CLASSIFICATION:

Histamine (H2)
receptor
antagonist

Bibliography:

MODE OF
ADMINISTRATION
Route: IVTT
Dosage: 50 mg
Time: q80

Karch, A.M. (2007).

Lippincotts Nursing
Drug Guide.

Indication:
Short term
management of active
duodenal ulcer
Benign gastric ulcer
Short term
management of
GERD

Constipation
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Local burning or
itching on the
injection site.

SPECIAL
PRECAUTION

ADVERSE EFFECT

PVCs
Leukopenia
Granulocytopenia
Thrombocytopenia
Pancytopenia

Contraindicated in
patients with allergy
to ranitidine

Use cautiously with

impaired renal or
hepatic function.

DRUG INTERACTION
Drug-drug:
Increased effects
of
warfarin,
TCAs; monitor
patient
closely
and adjust dosage
as needed.

Ranitidi
ne
25
mg/ml in

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Assess the patient for
the history of
hypersensitive to drug.
To prevent reoccurrence
of hypersensitivity
reactions to drug.
2. Use cautiously to the
patient.
Patient has a renal
failure and may
experience toxicity.
3. Monitor the heart rate of
the patient.
Ranitidinecan cause
bachycardia and
tachycardia.
4. Raise the side rails of
bed, assist when
ambulating and stay at
the bedside after giving
the drug.
Headache, vertigo,
malaise and blurring of
vision may occur thus;
preventing fall
accidents/injuries and
promoting safety.
5. Monitor and regulate the

6.

7.

8.

9.

IV infusion rate.
Rapid administration
may cause PVC and
further edema.
Assess patients sclera.
This drug can cause
jaundice and sclera is
most suitable site for
assessing jaundice.
Administer the drug
slowly.
Ranitidine can cause
burning and itching at
the injection site.
Observe the patient for
any untoward reactions
to the drug.
To render immediate
care and interventions.
Document the drug
given.
For continuity of care.

NOTRE DAME OF TACURONG COLLEGE

CITY OF TACURONG

DRUG STUDY
NAME
Generic:
Tromethamine
Brand:
Toradol

DRUG ACTION
May inhibit
prostaglandin synthesis,
to produce antiinflammatory,
analgesic, and
antipyretic effects.

Classification:
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
MODE OF
ADMINISTRATION
Route:
IVTT
Dosage:
15mg

SIDE EFFECT
CNS: drowsiness,
sedation, dizziness,
headache
CV: edema
GI: nausea, dyspepsia, GI
pain, diarrhea, vomiting,
constipation
Skin: pruritus,
diaphoresis
Other: pain at the
injection site

INDICATION

ADVERSE EFFECT

>short-term
management of
moderately severe,
acute pain for multiple
dose treatment.

CV: hypertension,
palpitations, arrhythmias
GI: peptic ulcerations,
stomatitis
Hematologic: decrease
platelet adhesion,
purpura, prolonged
bleeding time
Skin: rash

Time:
Q8

BIBLIOGRAPHY

CONTRAINDICATION
Contraindicated to
patients with
hypersensitivity to the
drug and in those with
active peptic ulcer
disease, recent GI
bleeding or perforation.

CAUTIONS
Use cautiously who are
elderly or have hepatic or
renal impairment or
cardiac decompensation.
DRUG INTERACTION
Drug-drug:
>ACE inhibitors: may
cause renal impairment
particularly in volume
depleted patients.avoid
using together in volumedepleted
patients.

>Antihypertensive,

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Verify the drug with the doctors
order and medication ticket.
R: to prevent medication errors.
2. Observe the 10 rights in
medication administration.
R: to promote safety to the patient
and to the nurse.
3. Obtain patients history of drug
allergy or previous bleeding
diseases.
R: to prevent hypersensitivity
reaction and further complications..
4. Monitor patients vital signs
before and after giving the drug.
R: to refer and correct for
abnormalities and to evaluate the
effectiveness of the drug.
5. Monitor patients BP.
R: the drug may cause
hypertension.
6. Position patient into semifowlers with the side rails up.
R: to provide comfort and safety to
the patient.
7. Instruct patient not to get up on
bed just after giving the drug.
Dizziness may occur.
R: to prevent injury.
8. Encourage patient to increase
oral fluid intake.
R: for early correction of
dehydration that may brought about
diarrhea as one of the side effect of

NURSING 2006
DRUG HANDBOOK,
26th edition,
Lippincott William &
Wilkins

diuretics: may decrease

effectiveness. Monitor
patient closely.

the drug.
9. Regulate the present IVF rate
accordingly.
R: to provide and promote proper
hydration.
11. Instruct patient to avoid
strenuous activities and using
pointed or sharp objects.
R: to prevent bleeding. And
because this drug may cause
prolonged bleeding time.
12. Instruct patient to report
adverse effects of the drug
especially palpitations and
arrhythmias.
R: to refer accordingly and render
actions appropriately.
13. Provide patient a quiet and
comfortable environment.
R: to render comfort and lessen
patients fatigue of hospitalization
14. Document.
R: for legal purposes and continuity
of care.

NOTRE DAME OF TACURONG COLLEGE

CITY OF TACURONG

DRUG STUDY
NAME
Generic Name:

DRUG ACTION
Binds to -opiate

SIDE EFFECT
Dizziness

receptors in the CNS

Nausea

Brand name:

causing inhibition of

Drowsiness

Ultram

ascending pain
pathways, altering the

Classification:
Analgesic

perception of and
response to pain; also

Dry mouth
Constipation
Headache

inhibits the reuptake of Sweating

Mode of

norepinephrine and

Vomiting

Administration

serotonin, which also

Itching

Dosage:
50mg
Frequency:

modifies the ascending Rash

pain pathway.
Visual disturbances
Vertigo
BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Q8
Route:

Nursing 2007 Drug

IVTT

Handbook 27th Edition,

Lippincot Williams &
Wilkins
INDICATIONS:
For moderate to severe

CONTRAINDICATION NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Hypersensitivity to
1. Verify the drug with the doctors
order and medication ticket.
tramadol, opioids, or any
R: to prevent medication errors.
component of the
2. Observe the 10 rights in
medication administration.
formulation; opioidR: to promote safety to the patient
dependent patients; acute and to the nurse.
3. Obtain patients history of drug
intoxication with alcohol,
allergy or previous bleeding
hypnotics, centrallydiseases.
R: to prevent hypersensitivity
acting analgesics, opioids,
reaction and further complications..
or psychotropic drugs
4. Monitor patients vital signs
before and after giving the drug.
R: to refer and correct for
abnormalities and to evaluate the
effectiveness of the drug.
5. Monitor patients BP.
R: the drug may cause
hypertension.
6. Position patient into semifowlers with the side rails up.
R: to provide comfort and safety to
the patient.
7. Instruct patient not to get up on
bed just after giving the drug.
Dizziness may occur.
R: to prevent injury.
8. Encourage patient to increase
oral fluid intake.
R: for early correction of
dehydration that may brought about

pain.

diarrhea as one of the side effect of

the drug.
9. Regulate the present IVF rate
accordingly.
R: to provide and promote proper
hydration.
11. Instruct patient to avoid
strenuous activities and using
pointed or sharp objects.
R: to prevent bleeding. And
because this drug may cause
prolonged bleeding time.
12. Instruct patient to report
adverse effects of the drug
especially palpitations and
arrhythmias.
R: to refer accordingly and render
actions appropriately.
13. Provide patient a quiet and
comfortable environment.
R: to render comfort and lessen
patients fatigue of hospitalization
14. Document.
R: for legal purposes and continuity
of care.

NOTRE DAME OF TACURONG COLLEGE

CITY OF TACURONG

DRUG STUDY
NAME
Generic:
Metronidazole
Hydrochloride

DRUG ACTION
A direct-acting
trichomonacide and
amebicide that works at
both intestinal and
extraintestinal sites.

Brand:
Flagyl
Classification:
Amebicides and
Trichomonacides
Antimicrobial
MODE OF
ADMINISTRATION
Route:
IVTT
Dosage:
500mg

Time:
Q8

SIDE EFFECT
CNS: drowsiness,
sedation, dizziness,
headache
CV: edema
GI: nausea, dyspepsia, GI
pain, diarrhea, vomiting,
constipation
Skin: pruritus,
flushing
Other: pain at the
injection site

INDICATION

ADVERSE EFFECT

>Prevention of
postoperative infection
in contaminated or
potentially
contaminated colorectal
surgery.

CV: ECG change

(flattened T wave) edema
(with I.V.R.T.U.
preparation). GI: peptic
ulcerations, stomatitis
Hematologic: decrease
platelet adhesion,
purpura, prolonged
bleeding time
Skin: rash

CONTRAINDICATION
Contraindicated to
patients with
hypersensitivity to the
drug and in those with
active peptic ulcer
disease, recent GI
bleeding or perforation.

CAUTIONS
Use cautiously in patients
with a history of blood
dyscrasia or CNS
disorder, and in patients
with retinal or visual field
changes. .
DRUG INTERACTION
>Alcohol disulfiram-like
reaction (nausea,
vomiting, headache,
cramps, flushing). Dont
use together. DIsulfram:
acute psychoses and
confusional states. Dont
use together.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Verify the physicians order.
To ensure that the drug is right.
2. Monitor V/S (RR, Temp. CR)
To provide baseline data and
check status of the patient.
3. Practice hand washing before
administering the drug.
To avoid cross contamination of
microorganisms.
4. Explain the purpose of drug to
the client.
The patient will be oriented as
well as gain trust and cooperation.
5. Prepare needed equipment ahead
of time.
To conserve time and energy.
6. Assess patients and families
knowledge of the drug therapy.
To provide boarder health
teaching.
7. Obtain history of previous use
and reaction to drugs before giving.
To obtain history of
hypersensitivity reaction.
8. Explain the side effects and
instructs SO to report promptly any
unusualities to occur.
To make health team aware and
have proper or immediate nursing
intervention or management.
9. Check drug dosage properly

before giving.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
NURSING 2006
DRUG HANDBOOK,
26th edition,
Lippincott William &
Wilkins

To be accurate in administering
drugs and ensure the safety of the
patient.
10. Before administering the drug,
make sure that the patient has taken
her meals.
taking the drug with meals will
lessen the possibility of
gastrointestinal upset.