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STD-ASTM DLOSb-ENGL L9b4 MM 0759520 OL04267 LbS Ml ~ AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race St, Philadelphia, 19103 [A Reprint trom Copyrighted ASTM Publications Standard Method of MEASURING THE TEMPERATURE OF PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS! wy) API Standard: 2543, ASTM Designation: D 1086 - 64 Above, 196452 “This standatd of the American Petroleum Insitute iswed under the fixed designation APT 2543 i alo a standaed of the American Society for Testing and Materials ised under the fixed designation 'D 1086; the final umber indicates the year of original adoption as standard, or, inthe case of revision, the year of lat revision. Scope 1, This method cavers the determina tion of temperatures of petroleum liquids. Summary of Method 2, As accurate average temperatures and gage readings are necessary to calcu late the volumes at the standard tem- perature of 60 F, temperatures of petro- eum liquids are determined at specified locations in tanks, ships, barges, tank cars, and tank trucks. A summary of the ‘Under the stendardinn 1 procedures of the APL and the ASTM this method is under the jurisdiction of the API Central Committee fm Perroloum Measurement and the ASTM Commitee D-2 on Petroleum Products and Lubricant T The API method was adopted s+ API Standard 2543 in December, 1908 "Prior to their present publication, the API methods of test were ined in December, 1923 GAUL Code 23. ATT Code 25 was reesued in 1990, 1081, 1983, 185, 1040, and. 1048, ‘The material an revised and reissued in Jan= fis, 1085 a API Standard 2500, and the second ‘Eiton was sued in Mareh, 1961 ‘'Revied and adopted ce standard August 1, 1964 by action of the ASTM atthe Aunual ‘Meeting and confirming letter ballot ‘riot to adoption ae ASTM standard, this aethod was published ay tentative rom 1950 for 1904, being revied” in 1952, 1908, 195, 100, and 1964 First published a9 information in the com: pilation of "ASTM Standards og Petroleum Products and. Lubricants" Novorabar. 1948, 1. 873 leo November, 1989, p. 1862, thermometer assemblies and tempera- ture levels used for various types of tanks and carriers is shown in Table I. For a nonpressure tank, a temperature is ob- tained by lowering an ASTM tank thermometer of appropriate range through the gaging hatch to the specified level, and then withdrawing and reading the thermometer quickly after the entire thermometer assembly has attained the temperature of the liquid. This procedure jis also used for low-pressure tanks equipped with gaging hatches on stand- pipes and for any pressure tank which has ‘a pressure lock. For tanks equipped with thermometer wells, temperatures are ob- tained by reading thermometers placed the wells with their bulbs at the de- sired tank levels. For tanks equipped with automatic temperature devices, the temperature is determined merely by ob- servation of a dial, meter, or scale. No manual operations are involved other than the manipulation of a lever or an. electrical switch. These devices may be ‘used for temperature determinations on custody change measurements if, mu- tually agreed to by the parties involved. In all cases where more than one tem- perature is determined, the average tem- perature of the liquid is calculated from the observed temperatures. 1 APPARATUS ‘Thermometers 3, Total immersion thermometers with etched graduated glass stems and with bulbs made of Corning normal or equiv- alent thermometric glass, mercury-filled, ‘with nitrogen gas above the mercury column, and conforming to Specifications E 1, for the ASTM Thermometer,’ as listed in Table IL, shal! be used. ‘Thermometer Assemblies 4. @ Four types of assemblies are recommended for the ASTM tank ther- mometers, the particular type used de- pending on the viscosity ofthe liquid and the type of tank () Cup Case-—This assembly is il lustrated in Fig. 1. The cup ease may be made of either varnished hardwood or corrosion-resistant metal, with a cup of at least 100-ml (6.1-cu in) capacity, and ‘with dimensions such that the side of the bulb will be at least @ in, from the nearest well and the bottom of the bulb 1 ve in, above the bottom of the cup. For crude oil, a cup of not less than 25-ml capacity shall be permissible ifthe dis- tances between the thermometer bulb and the case conform to Fig. 1. +1968 Book of ASTM Standards, Part 18. STOCASTM DAGSG-ENGL LAG4 MM 0759510 0604288 OTL om 2 ‘Tesperatore Measuneqent (API 2543~- ASTM D 1086) (@) Flushing Case—This assembly is illustrated in Fig. 2. The fushing case ‘consists of a cylindrical chamber of at least 200-ml (12.2cu in.) capacity and of flushing time will be required for the determination of the temperature of any of the petroleum liquids for which it is, to be used. The chamber must have TABLE I—THERMOMETER ASSEMBLIES AND TEMPERATURE LEVELS FOR TANKS AND CARRIERS, Sartoxam Fixed rot... roof hatch Floating roof. | gusing hatch seating hatch Variable vapor |} Separle well ‘pace or sockste | arable elle Prearure or aockete | pressure lock Horizontal ey indriel: vertical ther. Nonpreesure..J| "mometer well aging hatch Preseure... Sur sxo Banot: ‘Noupreesre: Not beated....| deck hatch Heated..-.-| deck batch Pressure thermometer ‘rls, Tune Cans ax "Taw Teoexs: Nonpreanure. =| dome hatch Preanre ‘thermometer rll up oF Bushing up oF fusbing ‘cup oF fushing for mereury- sctuated) armored or air- jnckoted dial (bimetal- or mereury- sctuated) cup or Bushing cup oF fusing ‘armored or jacketed angle stem or dial ‘cup oF flushing ‘cup oF flushing armored or air- incketed cup or Bushing armored or incketed reese se Table TIT see Table IIT ‘90 Table IT all wells 6 in. or seo Table II all wolls 6 in. oF ‘more below eur- face of liquid s00 Table IIT mide of liquide middle of liquid middle of liquid and 1 ft above bottom middle or liquid see Table IIT middle of liquid riddle of liquide middle of liquid “In special cases it may be desirable to obtain temperatures at more than fone level and calculate a weighted average temperature an armored or prot tube rigidly attached to the chamber. Both chamber and tube shall be made of corrosion-re- sistant metal, with the design and con- struction such that not more than 2 min quick-acting closures at both top and bottom, so that they can be operated by «8 jerk of the cord or chain used to raise and lower the assembly in the tank. When the closures are open, there must bbe a free path for the liquid in the tank toflow through the chamber and past the thermometer bulb. When closed, the chamber must remain ful. G) Armored Case—This assembly is illustrated in Fig. 3. The armored case shall be made of corrosion-resistant metal tubing not more than 0.5 in. in outside diameter. () Air-Facketed Thermometer —In the assembly illustrated in Fig. 4, the ASTM thermometers secured and sealed in a glass air jacket. The air jacket is enclosed and cushioned at top and bot- tom ina corrosion-resistant metal case, (@) AngleStem Industrial-Type Glass Thermomeler-—The angle-stem ther- rmometer i installed in a standard metal separable well or socket in the tank, as, illustrated in Fig. 5. The glass stem of the thermometer shall be at least 3 ft Jong (for vertical tanks of less than 5000-bbI capacity, the stem may be 12 in. long) and protected with alight metal tube. The sensitive portion of the ther- mometer shall not exceed 2.5 in. and the stem may have an angle of 90 deg, or greater, to conform with the contour of the tank shell. The assembly shall be attached to the well by a threaded coupling, A thermometer with a separate graduated scale is acceptable provided the markings on the scale are perma- rently engraved and_ provided tempera- ture lines at approximately 80 F inter- vals, etched on the glass stem of the thermometer, coincide with the corre sponding lines on the scale. (0) Bimelal-Actuated Thermometer with Dial—A bimetal-actuated thermometer with dial indicator is installed in a stand- ard metal separable well or socket in the tank, similar to the installation shown in Fig. 5. The stem of the thermometer shall be at least 3 ft long (for vertical tanks of less than 5000-bbl capacity, the stem may be 12 in. long) and the sensi- tive portion not more than 2.5 in. long. The assembly shall be attached to the well by a threaded coupling. (8) Mercury-Actuoted ‘Thermometer with Dial—A’ mereury-actuated. ther- mometer with dial indicator is installed in a standard metal separable well or socket in the tank, similar to the ine stallation shown in Fig. 5. The stem of the thermometer shall be at least 3 ft Jong (for vertical tanks of less. than 5000-bbI capacity, the stem may be 12 STD-ASTM DIG@b-ENGL 1964 MM O7S9S510 Ob04289 135 om ‘Tewpenarune Mrasoement (API 2543—ASTM D 1086) 3 ‘TABLE U.—THERMOMETERS. Nowe ssn. ‘Teena ASTM Tank..........] 58P-68 ASTM Tank. -......] 97 F-63 ASTM Tank | oP ‘ASTM Tank. 98 F-63 ‘ASTM Tank. co F-03 Angle Stem : Bimetal-Actusted, | Dial Z Mereury-Actuated, Dial... E pave | By [Om | pcconsce LS 20 to +120F | 12] 1F Ot wF || 1F otowor | 12] 1F soto tor | 12| 1P s70t0 0F | 12| 2F suitable range | 12+] 1F suitable range iF suitable range 1F Length of graduated portion. ASTM THERMOMETER SSS HARD __ wood’ 100 mi. CUP CORROSON- cue. eae a | - “ aie TOM Hw te2= RESISTANT | | Fic, Typical Cup Case Assembly. long) and the sensitive portion not more than 2.5 in. long. The assembly shall be attached to the well by a threaded coupling. (0) Blectrcal-Resistance Thermomeers. —Electrical-resistance thermometers may be used for the determination of either spot or average temperatures, provided that the installation conforms to the minimum specifications for the design, installation, and accuracy of ssuch devices, as described in the Appen- dix, ‘Thermometer Standardization 5. (0) Laboratory Inspection.—Before initial use and at least once a year there- after, each thermometer shall be stand- ardized in the laboratory by comparing ASTI ‘THERMOMETER ‘CORROSION- RESISTANT METAL cosure usec Tesch ae wuwimum capacity Fic, 2.—T.pical Flushing Cate Assembly it with a National Bureau of Standards certified thermometer at three or more temperatures, to ensure accuracy within the limits given in Table IT. () Field Inspection—Before using a thermometer, check it in the field at one or more temperatures near_mid-scale mometer. Make this check by placing the two thermometers side by side, leaving them undisturbed for at least 4} hr before making comparative read- STD-ASTM DLOSb-ENGL 1964 MM 0759510 Ob04290 7ST me 4 ‘Teawexarore Measurement (API 2543- ASTM D 1086) ings, Since thermometers are precision instruments, examine them frequently and handle with care. After use in heavy oils, clean all parts of the thermometer assembly with naphtha, kerosine, or gas oil and dry witha cloth to avoid the formation of an insulating film of heavy cil. Avoid the use of a thermometer which has lost a substantial amount of black pigment from its engraved scale, == (_& astu——Et'] wenouerer | i H Hl, | rt i FH corrosion. fle RESSTANT EF vera —H] i H e0e Bi pa An an sy because of the increased difficulty in ob- taining readings. Never use a thermom- ter with a broken mercury column. Tf we mercury has been completely ‘re- joined, the thermometer may be used, Provided itis found to be accurate within the limits of Table II by laboratory in- spection as described in Section 5(a). Taxk Equiesent Nonpressure Tanks 6. For liquids in tanks of the non: Pressure type. temperature measure- ‘ments are normally obtained by lowering a thermometer assembly through a roof hatch. The hatch through which tem- perature measurements are to be taken should be located at least 12 in. or more from the shell of the tank to avoid local heating or cooling effects. Pressure Tanks 1. (a) Thermometer Wells—For liquids in tanks of the pressure type, tempera- tures cannot be obtained through a fh — ast mementer Ale Spoce Fro, 4—Typical AirJacketed Thermometer Assembly. ASBESTOS PACKING: WELL - 36" LONG: BULB STEM: TANK SHELL- hatch, Therefore, such measurements normally are taken with thermometers in appropriate wells or separable sockets suitably located. Pressure tank cars and tank trucks should be equipped with vertical thermometer wells which extend through the shell of the tank into the liquid. Keep the wells filled with kero- sine or other oil of low volatility and freezing point. For ship and barge tanks, at least four compartments should be equipped with individual vertical ther- mometer wells, each well to extend from a point 6 in. above deck through the deck to at least the center of the com- partment. Horizontal cylindrical tanks should be equipped either with a vertical well through the center of the tank to about 6 in. from the bottom, or with ‘two horizontal metal. separable wells, one in the middle of the tank, the other 1 ft above the bottom. Tanks of spher- ical or spheroidal type may be equipped with either wells or pressure locks which can be used for temperature determina- tions. If horizontal separable wells or sockets are used, three are sufficient for a tank less than 30 ft high. For a tank over 30 ft high, at least four thermom- eter wells are necessary, one about 2 ft above the lower capacity mark, one about 4 ft below the upper capacity ‘mark, and the other two at about equal intervals between the top and bottom wells. (8) Pressure Lock—A. pressure sam- pling and gaging lock is a vaportight assembly mounted on the top of the tank, and which can be used for obtain- ing temperatures. The lock shall have a vaportight window and enclose a bob and tape on a reel which can be operated by a handle. A shutoff valve is required between the lock and the tank to pre- vent the escape of vapors when the lock is open. Fra, 5~Typical Angle Stem Assembly. STD-ASTM DIQSb-ENGL 2964 MM O759510 0604291 bib mw ‘Tewpenature MeasuneMeNt (API 2543— ASTM Procepure ‘Temperature Determinations 8, (a) As the average temperature of 1 liquid is required to calculate its vol- ume at a standard temperature, it is important to determine temperatures accurately. Take temperatures at the same time the liquid level is gaged. Be sure that thermometers have attained the temperature of the liquid before reading them. Avoid change in the the mometer indication which may easily be caused by atmospheric temperature. Read thermometers to the nearest 1 F. The temperature of a liquid in storage may vary throughout its depth. When high temperature differentials are known to exist, use special precautions to ob- tain a correct average temperature. If ‘two oF more temperatures are necessary at different levels, or if two or more seties of such readings are made, average the readings, round off the result to the nearest whole degree, and report it as the temperature for the entire volume of the liquid. In some cases, particularly where large temperature differentials exist, it may be necessary to calculate a weighted average temperature. (®) Thermometer—Select. a thermom- eter (Table Tl) of suitable range for the temperature to be measured and use the appropriate assembly as specified Table I for various types of tanks and carriers. Proceed in accordance with the appropriate Paragraphs (c) to (h) (© Cup Case—To obtain a tempera ture reading with the cup case assembly, lower it through the hatch or pressure Tock to the required level (Table TIT) and allow it to remain at this level at least as long as the minimum time specified in Table IV. If the cup case is raised and lowered through a distance of 2 ft for 2 min at the required level, attainment of temperature equilibrium will be ex pedited. The cup must be kept full when. the assembly is withdrawn to read the thermometer. If the atmospheric tem- perature differs by more than 20 F from that of the liquid in the tank, the cup case assembly shall be given two or more preliminary immersions, emptying the cup after each immersion. This will assist the assembly to approach tem- perature equilibrium before the final immersion and reduce required immer- sion time, To obtain a reading, withdraw the assembly and immediately read the thermometer with the cup sheltered be- low the edge of the hatch to minimize change of reading which may be caused by wind or atmospheric temperature, Record the temperature immediately. (a) Flushing Case-—When using the flushing case assembly, open the top and bottom closures and flush the case two or three times in the upper portion of the liguid in the tank; then lower the assem- bly to the required level (Table IID). With the case open at top and bottom, raise and lower the assembly through a distance of about 2 ft for at least 2 D 1086) 5 ‘mometer indication. Read the thermom- eter_and record the temperature im- mediately, (f) Air-Sacketed Thermomeler-—The air-jacketed assembly may be used in place of the armored case. It is suitable for temperature determination of heated or nonheated liquids through the use of thermometer wells or by direct immer- sion in nonpressure tanks. Longer periods of immersion may be necessary than those given in Table IV. (g) AnglesStem and Dial-Type Ther- mometers—Anglestem and bimetal- oF ‘TABLE III.-MINIMUM NUMBER OF TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS FOR VARIOUS DEPTHS OF LIQUID. Sissoeeuaine More than 15 ft... 3 10 t0 15 2 Less than 10 ft 1 3 ft below top surface of liquid, mi dle of liquid, and 3 ft above bottom surface of liquid. 8 ft below top surface of liquid and 3 {ft above bottom surface of liquid. Middle of liquid. ‘Nore.—For rude oil tanks over 10 ft in height, baving a capacity of less ‘than 5000 bbl, one temperature measurement at the middle of the oil may be sed. ‘TABLE IV—MINIMUM IMMERSION TIME FOR CUP CASE ASSEMBLY. Crade, gasoline, naphtha, kerosine, gas oi Saybolt Universal viscosity le Crude, ight lubricating, fuel, and other i viscosity above 100 aee at 100 F and below 170 see at 210 F. Crude, heavy lubricating, eylinder, gear, residual, and other oils Close the top and bottom openings. Withdraw the assembly, read the ther- mometer, and record the temperature immediately. (© Armored Case—The armored case assembly is used in vertical thermometer wells. For small pressure tanks equipped with vertical thermometer wells, lower the thermometer assembly into the well to the middle of the liquid in the tank. For large tanks equipped with vertical wells, lower the thermometer to the de- sired level (Table TI). Allow the ther- mometer to remain at the requited level for at least § min, Withdraw the assem bly, but keep the perforated end in the well to minimize change of the ther- ‘of Saybolt Universal viscosity above 170 Terese and other oils of, than 100 gee at 100 F 5 of Saybolt Univers 6 0 eat 210 F mercury-actuated dial-type thermom- ‘eters are permanently installed in ther- mometer wells and are removed only for replacement or standardization (Sec tion 5(a)) (i) Elecrical-Resistance Thermometer. “Details for using this thermometer assembly are given in the Appendix. Spectat InstRucTioNs Nonpressure Tanks 9, If a tank is equipped with steam coils, make certain that the steam has been turned off at least 1 hr before ob- taining temperature measurements. For tank cars so equipped, obtain tempera- STD-ASTM DLOSb-ENGL 1964 MM 0759510 ObO4ede Sec 6 ‘Tewrenarore: MrasoeqEnt (API 2543— ASTM D 1086) ture measurements in the liquids before the steam. If the liquid is solid it temperature, heat it until completely liquid, turn off the steam, and allow the temperature to equalize for at least 2 hr before obtaining temperature measurements. If the roof of an upright cylindrical tank has both a center hatch and one near the shell, it is recommended that temperatures be obtained through both hatches. When obtaining measure- ments through a hatch near the shell, suspend the thermometer assembly at least 12 in, ot more from the shell of the tank, Ifa ship or barge cargo consists of a single liquid, obtain temperatures in at least’ three compartments. If a cargo Basic Principe AL. The electrical resistance thermometer operates on the basic principle that’ metals change their electrical reatance with changes fn temperature. Temperature coeficients of resistance of cerain metals are uniform; there- fore, they may readily be used to measure ‘temperature. 5 4 5 x Flo. Al —Basic Wiring Diagram of Resist- ‘ance Thermometer Cireult Deserittion ‘AZ. An electrical-rsistance thermometer ‘consiss of one or more wire resistors or bulbs and a meter assembly for the indication of tem- perature. Either spot or averaging resistance bulbs may be used, depending upon the type of temperature desired. The meter assembly con- sists of a resistance network based upon the Wheatstone bridge principle, a voltage supply, and a galvanometer calibrated in degrees of fabrenbeit temperature. Atypical circuit is shown in Fig. Ac. A ratiosype meter, ofits consists of more than one liquid, obtain, temperatures for each liquid as follows: sciemnma “tg Timeaaar Lore. cach 316, 2 Tor more, 3 Additional temperature readings may be required at the discretion of the inspec- tor or terminal supervisor. Pressure Tanks 10. When obtaining temperatures through a pressure lock, use a thermom- eter with a cup or flushing case, Wind the tape on the reel until the bob is, APPENDIX, ExecrnicaL-Resisrance THERMOMETERS equivalent, may be used in the circuit. The ra- tlo-type meter is a modification of the conven- tonal Wheatstone bridge network and is de- signed to eliminate errors caused by variations in voltage. Ifa standard bridge circuit is used, above the shutoff valve, lock the reel, and close the valve to prevent escape of vapors from the tank. Open the win- dow, remove the bob, and attach the thermometer assembly to the tape. Close the window and open the valve. Proceed in accordance with either Sec- tion 8(¢) or (2), lowering the thermometer assembly to the prescribed level with the reel. To obtain a reading, withdraw the assembly from the tank into the pressure lock and immediately read the thermometer through the window. After all required temperatures have been ob- tained, close the valve before opening the window. Remove the thermometer assembly and replace the bob. Resistance Bulb for Spot Temperatures AB. The spot type of resistance bulb consists of a ‘wire redstance unit suitably housed and provided with leads. The housing shall be of orrsion-resistant material, with leads sealed orcaror © [BOTTOM OF TANK Fic, A2.—Schematic Wiring Diagram of Typical Averaging Resistance Bulb, ‘means must be provided for control of the voltage. The galvanometer of meter scale should bbe graduated in single fahrenheit degrees over ‘the range required and it shall be calibrated for the (ype of wite uted in the resistance units ‘The meter may be located at the top of the tank, at ground level, or at any convenient location for remote reading. against contamination of conductors. of con- nections. ‘The individval bulb shall be installed through the tank shell at the required evel through conventional separable sockets. If a tiven’tank is equipped vith more than one Fesistor bulb in order that spot temperatures may he determined at ferent points in the {ank, a multipoint selector switch shall be used STD-ASTM DLOGb-ENGL 1964 MM O759510 ObO4293 465 a ‘Tewpexarurs, Measurement (API 2543~ ASTM D 1086) a to connect the desired retor to the meter Should one meter located at a central point be used to determine the temperature fort single resistor bulbs in a number of diferent tanks, a selector switch shall be ured to connect the desired resistor to the meter. Portable Unit for Spot Temperature Déermina- AA A portable unit can be assembled by housing the meter assembly and batteries in & convenient carrying case. A spot type of Te Sstance bulb is attached tow exible Uhres- ‘conductor cable of suficent length to lower it through the gaging hatch to any desired level Resisance Bulb for lseroge Temperatures AS. (a) In the averaging type, the resistance bulb (Fig. A2) conssts of an assembly. of insulated reistance units of various lengths, tach being of equal reetance, evenly dati ted over its entire length. The units are assem bled im cable form and inseried in a. Sexible hose or thin-walled pipe to form the bulb ‘The flexible hove or pipe shall be made of or. rorion-resstant material. The insulation weed to cover the individual resistance units must be capable of withstanding the masimum tem- perature to which it may be subjected, The umber of individual resistance units which make up the bulb will depend upon the height of the tank, but i all eases the entire working range of the tank shall be covered. In tanks ‘here & closing gage of 3 Ito les is sometimes necessary, the Oulb shall be equipped with a spotreading resistor at the “Zt level. The fonmerchantable liquid. level shall be main fined at least 1 ft below the spoteading re- (0) Installation om Conventional Tanke— ‘The lleible hose oF the pipe containing the bundle of resistors shall be suspended vertically inthe tank by pateing it through a flange inthe tank roo! located not less than 18 jn, from the shell ofthe tank (Fig. 43). (e) Installation on Floating Roof Tanks —For fs Hoatingroof tank installation, the exible bose shall be suspended verially rom an angle bracket located on top of the tank shell and shall pass through the gaging hatch oF other opening on the Rating rot at least 18 ia. from the tank sbell (Fig. A-3). The angle bracket should be installed igh enough to. prevent Gamage by the Hoating root in case of over- Sling (@) Selector Seitch—A multipoint selector switch shall be used to permit. the separate fnneetion to the meter of each resistor eon- fined in the averaging bulb. The switch dial shall he marked to Indicate the range of liquid level served by the respective point for each resistor. For installations in oaing-roof tanks, the swiich dial marking shall be corcected fot the depth of liquid im the roo! gaging pipe, because the liquid contained in the pipe may De several degres diferent from the temperature of the main bedy of liquid in the tank. The ‘bundle or Uulh is not to be energized within the roof level. Tn operating the assembly, ifs ‘only neccesary to turn the selector switch to the felting which corresponds 1o the longest ene- Pletely submerged resistor. When the current 8" LEADS- ts f+ 18" MIN! 34°70 Y/z'- 90° RED. ELBOW —= “ig omss wre 3/4" BRASS PIPE- “UNION INGIDE DIA OVER 1.3" PLASTIC BUSHING -GAGING HATCH COVER. salar | wobkng ne roo a Ne ce ne | | MAK. O1L | | 1 LoL oven Nese | | “igs on Bites res | UY a FLOATING ROOF TANK LEA. GING HATCH anus 24 ROUND BRASS -FLOOR FLANGES EIGHT FOR mounting ax. ol 1g FLEKLE BRONZE HOSE ‘CONE ROOF TANK Fio, A-3.—Instllation Layouts, Js applied, the average temperature is ndieated curate to 1.0. Such fnstalltons shall be immediatly on the meer sale heched for secursey. immediately” ater the : instalation is completed, a¢ eat at annual Cenieaion for Accuracy Intervals thereafter, and, in addition, at any ‘AG Electtial-eitance thermometers of me tat the resdog appara to be teaccurte cither the spot or averaging type shall be ae- for any reaon. The isan sll be checked STD-ASTM DLO@b-ENGL 2964 MM 0759530 Ob04294 37S mm 8 ‘Teupexaturr Mrasureqent (API 2543- ASTM D 1086) by comparing the reading shown on the meter with that shown by a cup oF flushing case ther- Tometer of known accuracy. In checking the spot type, the cup case hall be lowered to the stme point as the spot bulb andthe same ‘istance from the tank shel. For the averaging type, the cup ease shall be lowered through the rool the same distance from the shell and 3 ‘ficient number of temperature readings at 1-04 1968 various levels shall be carefully obtained, the sverage of which shall be used to compare with the temperature shown on the meter of the averaging thermometer at the same depth of Tiguid ithe tank. Should the electricalresist- ance type fall to agree within 1 F of the average of the cup ease determinations, the meter a sembly should be checked by” comparing the ‘eter reading with that shown when a stand ‘ard resistor i substituted for the resistor bulb ‘connected to the meter. A slow response on the meter indicator denotes low operating voltage. ‘An offscale reading on the upper end of the tcale indicatis an open creuit located either n'a resistance unit of atthe terminals o leads ‘An offscale reading on the lover end of the scale usually denotes a short creat in a ress face unit ot in he leads

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