Undergrounding

Undergrounding is the replacement of overhead cables providing electrical

power or telecommunications, with underground cables. This is typically performed
for aesthetic purposes, but also serves the additional significant purpose of making the power lines
less susceptible to outages during high wind thunderstorms.
Undergrounding can increase the initial costs of electric power transmission and distribution but
may decrease operational costs over the lifetime of the cables.

Advantages

Less subject to damage from severe weather conditions (mainly lightning, and wind)

Reduced range of electromagnetic fields (EMF) emission, into the surrounding area.
However depending on the depth of the underground cable, greater emf may be experienced.
The electric current in the cable conductor produces a magnetic field, but the closer grouping of
underground power cables reduces the resultant external magnetic field and further magnetic
shielding may be provided. See Electromagnetic radiation and health.

Underground cables need a narrower surrounding strip of about 110 meters to install (up to
30 m for 400 kV cables during construction), whereas an overhead line requires a surrounding
strip of about 20200 meters wide to be kept permanently clear for safety, maintenance and
repair.

Underground cables pose no hazard to low flying aircraft or to wildlife.

Much less subject to conductor theft, illegal connections, sabotage, and damage from armed
conflict.

Burying utility lines makes room for more large trees on sidewalks, which convey
environmental benefits and increase property values

Cable cars
cable car is a type of cable transportation used for mass transit where rail cars are hauled by a
continuously moving cable running at a constant speed. Individual cars stop and start by releasing
and gripping this cable as required. Cable cars are distinct from funiculars, where the cars are
permanently attached to the cable, and cable railways, which are similar to funiculars, but where the
rail vehicles are attached and detached manually.

Cable cars

Philippine Cities: History of Naga City

N a g a C i t y h a s ro o t s f ro m t h e e a r l y n a t i v e s e t t l e r s w h o w e re
a b l e t o e s t a b l i s h a t h r i v i n g c o m m u n i t y a l o n g t w o r i v e r s . We l l
t a ke a l o o k a t t h e f o u n d i n g a n d e a r l y h i s t o r y o f N a g a C i t y ,
one of the premiere cities of the Philippines.
Naga City derives its name from the tough and robust
narra trees that was abundant in the area before the
c i t y s e s t a b l i s h m e n t . T h e e a r l y l o c a l Fi l i p i n o s e t t l e r s
e s t a b l i s h e d a t r a d i n g v i l l a g e h e re . T h e p l a c e w a s w e l l k n o w n
for trade and the communitys advanced weaponry and
technology at the time.
In 1573 Juan de Salcedo led the Spanish exped ition to what
w e k n o w n o w a s N a g a C i t y. C a p t a i n S a l c e d o a n d t h e S p a n i s h
t ro o p s w e re q u i t e s u r p r i s e d t o fi n d t h i s fl o u r i s h i n g v i l l a g e
w i t h s u c h t e c h n o l o g y o f t h e d a y. T h e c u l t u re o f t h e v i l l a g e
w a s q u i t e d i ff e re n t a n d a b i t s o p h i s t i c a t e d a n d m o d e r n .
About two years later, in 1575, a new city was founded in the
said location. Captain Pedro de Chaves of Spain and
commander of the Spanish garrison in Naga named the
city as Ciudad de Caceres. It is presently located on
Naga Citys business center.
T h e n a m e o f t h e c i t y w a s i n h o n o r o f t h e c u rre n t g o v e rn o r
g e n e r a l w h o w a s a n a t i v e o f C a c e re s C i t y i n S p a i n . I t h e l d t h e
name for quite some time and was even mentioned at the
1595 papal bull.
Life went on and the city and the town that the locals
e s t a b l i s h e d b e c a m e o n e c o m m u n i t y. T h e n a m e N u e v a C a c e re s
w a s u s e d t o i d e n t i fy t h e n o w m e r g e d c o m m u n i t y a n d b e c a m e
a c i t y u n d e r S p a n i s h l a w a n d b e c a m e o n e o f t h e fi r s t f e w
Spanish cities in the Philippines.

I n 1 8 9 8 E l i a s A n g e l e s a n d Fe l i x P l a z o l e d a s u c c e s s f u l re v o l t
w h i c h re s u l t e d i n t h e S p a n i s h f o rc e s re t re a t i n g t o I l o i l o
Province. This little victory wasnt meant to last long
h o w e v e r.
A c o u p l e o f y e a r s l a t e r , A m e r i c a n f o rc e s i n v a d e d C a m a r i n e s
S u r i n 1 9 0 0 a n d e n t e re d N a g a C i t y. T h e re v o l u t i o n a r y s o l d i e r s
o f t h e P h i l i p p i n e s i n t h e a re a o f N a g a C i t y w e re f o rc e d t o
s u r re n d e r i n 1 9 0 1 d u e t o s i c k n e s s a m o n g t h e i r f o rc e s .
I n 1 9 4 1 N a g a C i t y w a s i n v a d e d b y t h e J a p a n e s e I m p e r i a l A r m y.
But the Japanese occupation of Naga City didnt last long. In
1 9 4 5 t h e J a p a n e s e f o rc e s i n N a g a C i t y w a s d e f e a t e d b y t h e
A m e r i c a n t ro o p s a n d t h e l o c a l g u e r i l l a fi g h t e r s . N a g a C i t y w a s
o ffi c i a l l y d e c l a re d a s a c i t y i n 1 9 4 8 .
N a g a C i t y t o d a y re m a i n s a s a g re a t p l a c e t o v i s i t . N a g a C i t y
h a s s u r v i v e d a l o t o f d i ffi c u l t t i m e s a n d w i l l s t i l l re m a i n a
bright monument of the early beginnings of the Philippines.
Re l a t e d t o p i c s :
N i g h t l i f e i n N a g a C i t y, P h i l i p p i n e s
N i g h t l i f e i n N a g a C i t y c a n ke e p a n y o n e a w a k e u n t i l t h e e a r l y m o r n i n g .
The bars, discos, and billiard halls of Naga City come to life as crowds
a re drawn in. Nightlife in Naga City is one of t he ho t sce ne s in...

We l c o m e t o N a g a C i t y, P h i l i p p i n e s
N a g a C i t y i s t h e h e a r t o f t h e B i c o l Re g i o n o f t h e P h i l i p p i n e s . T h e l o c a l
pe ople of Naga City a re as warm an d frie ndly as the chili pe ppe rs the y
love to e at. Nag a City is alive f rom sun u p to su n...

Enjoying Philippine Cities More

P hilip pine citie s are as go od as a ny in the world. But the re are ce rtain
things to consider seriously if one is to truly enjoy them. Ignorance of
these considerations can spoil supposedly pleasurable trips to
Philippine cities....

H i ke i n t o P h i l i p p i n e H i s t o r y a t t h e Wa w a D a m S i t e
Have a g re at time at the out doors. Enjo y the trail and fe el the touc h of
n a t u r e a n d t h e h i s t o r y o f t h e Wa w a D a m s i t e . I t i s o n e o f t h e t r a v e l
destinations in the Philippines that can soothe your soul....

B a c l ay o n C h u r c h : A Tr a c e o f R e l i g i o u s H i s t o r y i n B o h o l
The Baclayon Ch urc h in Bohol is a mo nu me nt in the history of the
P hilip pine s. It is a must- se e tourist s pot for t hose who are inte re ste d in
the early Spanish era in the Philippines....

Angeles City Destination Guides

A nge le s City de stinatio ns a re n ot just mo de rn e stablish me nts suc h as
malls and bars but it is understandable why some might think that.
Afte r al l , A nge le s C i ty i s k now n as the e nte rtai nme nt c api tal of the
Nort h but the re are str uctu re s tha t...

L a s P i n a s M i x o f M u s i c , H i s t o r y, a n d I n d u s t r y
L as Pi nas C i ty has gone far f rom i ts e arl y be gi n ni ngs as a coastal tow n
in Ma nila. I t is n ow an ind ustrial are a that b oasts of havin g the world
f a m o u s B a m b o o O r g a n . I f y o u w a n t t o s e e t h e S p a n i s h s i d e o f. . .

F i l m H i s t o r y C o m e s t o L i f e a t LV N M u s e u m , p a r t 3
To p r o v e t h e LV N Fi l m m u s e u m s g r a d u a l i n t r o d u c t i o n t o m a i n s t r e a m
p o p u l a r c u l t u r e , Fe r n a n d e z r e c a l l s t h a t a m u l t i n a t i o n a l f o o d a n d
be ve rage com pany atte mp te d to borrow n ume rous pie ce s the y planne d
to exhibit at the Glorietta....

The Big, Small City of San Juan

S m a l l c a n b e b i g a s w h e n a c i t y l i ke S a n J u a n , s m a l le s t c i t y i n M e t ro
M a n i l a , t a ke s m a j o r i n i t i a t i v e s f o r f re e d o m . A n d s m a l l c a n b e b i g l i ke
w h e n t h i s h i s t o r i c a l c i t y c r a d l e d g i a n t s i n t h e P h i l i p p i n e p r e s i d e n c y. . . .

Angeles City Sightseeing Guide

An Angeles sightseeing guide will cover both the nighttime and daytime
sights and activities in this entertainment capital in the Philippines.
Othe r tha n the active nigh tlife tha t the city is known for, the re are
many cultural, natural, and historic sights