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ANTHROPOLOGY 100

FIRST EXAM SAMPLE

Your Name (write legibly):__________________________________________


Your TA and time of recitation meeting___________________________________________
Circle the correct response (only one response is correct for each question). Each correct
response receives three points (99 points maximum, plus one free point)
1. A method of chronometric dating suitable for determining the age
of an archaeological site thought to be roughly 2 million years old:
a. stratigraphy
b. historical archaeology
c. K-Ar method
d. the clinal variation method
2. That human progress would result from the forced sterilization of
criminals or other persons deemed undesirable is consistent with
a. eugenics
b. the Bell Curve
c. the idea of race as a social construct
d. multiregional theory
3. Paleoanthropologists hypothesize that home base was linked to
these aspects of hominid evolution:
a. carrying, bipedalism, increase in brain size, longer period of infant
dependency
b. knuckle-walking
c. Bergmann's Rule
d. Prosimian handedness
4. By comparison with other mammals, primate diets tend to emphasize
a. hunting and meat-eating
b. nut smashing with stone tools
c. omnivory
d. scavenging
5. Which feature always indicates whether or not a fossilized primate should be categorized as
a bipedal hominid:
a. brain much larger than an ape
b. nails rather than claws
c. location of the foramen magnum
d. omnivorous diet

6. Racism
a. is the opposite of Eugenics
b. reflects the most recent results of research by physical
anthropologists on human biological variation
c. takes a social construction approach to understanding race
d. argues that some human groups are biologically inferior
7. An example of social intelligence in monkeys and apes:
a. intentional burial of the dead
b. temporal displacement in tool use
c. handedness
d. formation of coalitions and alliances
8. A good example of clinal variation in human biology:
a. distinct races
b. shovel-shaped incisors
c. stereoscopic vision
d. prehensility
9. A forensic anthropologist is most likely to
a. use chronometric dating
b. live in a study community for a year or more
c. observe apes in natural settings
d. determine the cause of death of a crime victim
10. A category of bipedal primates not included within Genus Homo:
a. Australopithecines
b. Hominoids
c. Anthropoids
d. Homo erectus
11. The earliest human migration into the New World:
a. 12,000 years ago
b. 50,000 to 60,000 years ago
c. 3,000 years ago
d. 100,000 years ago
12. Earliest evidence for percussion flaking:
a. Oldowan chopper-chopping tool
b. hand axe
c. Homo sapiens sapiens in Europe
d. chimpanzees

13. Acclimatization refers to


a. genetic changes that take place as a population adapts to a
changing climate
b. climate change in ice-age Europe
c. Bergmann's Rule
d. impermanent physiological changes that a person makes when
living in a physically stressful environment
14. T

Because race is a social construct, each culture has its own


system of racial categorization.

15. In modern human populations, proportionately shorter limbs are


found
a. where there is the best-developed suspensory locomotion
b. in areas of lowest mean annual temperature
c. in populations with more melanin
d. in Australia
16. Homo sapiens sapiens and Archaic Homo sapiens share this feature:
a. Colonization of Australia
b. K-Ar tools
c. Knuckle walking
d. Cranial capacities around 1300-1400 cc.
17. In the laboratory of an osteologist, you are most likely to find:
a. crania of Homo sapiens sapiens
b. fossil anthropoids from 35 million years ago
c. Oldowan tools
d. 18th century documents from an early city in Africa
18. An important difference between Genus Homo and other primates:
a. dependency period of offspring
b. opposable thumbs
c. tool use
d. stereoscopic color vision
19. The earliest primate species to practice intentional burial of the
dead:
a. Homo habilis
b. Archaic Homo sapiens
c. Homo sapiens sapiens
d. Genus Australopithecus
20. Studies of lactose intolerance showed
a. a high percentage of adults of African-American descent
lack an enzyme necessary to digest milk

b. the usefulness of the Bell Curve in South Africa


c. that hypoxia or other stress can stimulate growth in children
d. that race is a useful concept only in the Old World
21. Multiregional theory argues that
a. primates first evolved in colder climates
b. the Old World and New World continents separated 35 million
years ago
c. migration, diffusion, and gene flow have prevented reproductive
isolation in widely-scattered populations of genus Homo
d. the remote Pacific Islands were colonized one million years ago
22. The African savanna hypothesis pertains to
a. how humans became big-game hunters over 3 million years ago
b. the arboreal habitats of early primates
c. the adaptive radiation of apes during the Miocene period
d. bipedalism, carrying, and increased tool use
23. Their mode of communication is least relevant to understanding the origins of human
language:
a. monkeys
b. prosimians
c. great apes
d. chimpanzees
24. The earliest known hominid remains not in Africa date to:
a. 100,000 years ago
b. 1.7 million years ago
c. 2.3 million years ago
d. 12,000 years ago
25. Classical evolutionists argued that
a. Native Americans originally came from Israel
b. people in small-scale (primitive) societies are mentally less
developed than Europeans
c. race has no relevance to social science research
d. Archaic Homo sapiens still lives in parts of Europe
26. Primates as an order tend toward:
a. brachiation
b. tool use
c. hunting as the major source of food
d. prehensility and stereoscopic vision

27. Homo sapiens sapiens colonized Australia after:


a. 3,000 years ago
b. 50,000 years ago
c. 2.3 million years ago
d. 100,000 years ago
28. Brachiation is found
a. in some hominoids
b. only in advanced hominids
c. only in Lemurs
d. only among monkeys in Africa
29. T

30.
a.
b.
c.
d.

F
In Old World populations, darkness of skin color, or, more
properly, the amount of melanin contained in skin, is related to
the amount of sunlight received in a geographic area.

The growth in brain size that distinguishes genus Homo from the
apes and other hominids is first evident in:
the earliest Australopithecines
the Miocene
Asia
Homo habilis

31. During the early decades of the 20th century Franz Boas used
what kind of data to evaluate the validity of the race concept:
a. measurements taken from descendants of immigrants
b. radioactive isotopes
c. osteology
d. relative dating method
32. The 14C dating method could be applied to
a. dating an archaeological site that is 2,000 years old
b. dating an archaeological site that is 3 million years old
c. dating a Homo erectus site
d. dating the fossil remains of early monkeys
33. The earliest known hominids:
a. 24 million years ago
b. 6-8 million years ago
c. 55-65 million years ago
d. 100,000 years ago

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