NCERT Solutions for Class 7th Science

Chapter 1 - NUTRITION IN PLANTS

Q.1

Why do organisms need to take food?

Ans

Organisms need food:

1) to survive.
2) to get energy for doing various activities like walking, studying etc.
3) for growth and maintenance of the body.

Q.2

Distinguish between a parasite and a saprotroph.

Ans
Parasite

Saprotroph

Organisms that grow on the body of Organisms that obtain nutrients from dead
another organisms and derive nutrients and decaying matter
from them
Eg. Cuscuta (Amarbel),

Eg. Fungi, mushroom

Q.3

How would you test the presence of starch in leaves?

Ans

The presence of starch can be determined by iodine test. Take two potted plants of the same kind.
Keep one in the dark (or in a black box) for 72 hours and the other in the sunlight. Now, take one
leaf from each potted plant and put a few drops of iodine solution on them. The leaf of the plant
which was kept in sunlight will show blue black colour indicating the presence of starch. The leaf
of the plant which was kept in dark will not show blue black colour indicating the absence of
starch.

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Q.4

Give a brief description of the process of synthesis of food in green plants.

Ans

The synthesis of food in plants occurs in leaves by the process of photosynthesis. During
photosynthesis, chlorophyll (green pigment) containing cells of leaves, in the presence of
sunlight, use carbon dioxide and water to synthesise food in the form of carbohydrates.

Sources of components of photosynthesis:

Water It is absorbed by the roots from soil and transported to the leaves.
Carbon dioxide - Carbon dioxide from air is taken in through the tiny pores present on the
surface of the leaves, called stomata.
Chlorophyll Green pigment of leaves
Sunlight Solar energy from sun

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Q.5

Show with the help of a sketch that the plants are the ultimate source of food.

Ans

Plants are the ultimate source of food because they make their own food and the rest of the
organisms depend on them directly or indirectly.

Q.6

Fill in the blanks:

(a) Green plants are called _________________ since they synthesise their own food.
(b) The food synthesised by the plants is stored as _________________.
(c) In photosynthesis solar energy is captured by the pigment called ___________.
(d) During photosynthesis plants take in ___________ and release ____________.

Ans

(a) Green plants are called autotrophs since they synthesise their own food.
(b) The food synthesised by the plants is stored as starch.
(c) In photosynthesis solar energy is captured by the pigment called chlorophyll.
(d) During photosynthesis plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

Q.7

Name the following:

(i) A parasitic plant with yellow, slender and tubular stem.
(ii) A plant that has both autotrophic and heterotrophic mode of nutrition.
(iii) The pores through which leaves exchange gases.

Ans

(i) Cuscuta (Amarbel)

(ii) Pitcher Plant
(iii) Stomata

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Q.8

Tick the correct answer:

(a) Amarbel is an example of:
(i) autotroph (ii) parasite (iii) saprotroph (iv) host

Ans

(a) (ii) parasite

(b) The plant which traps and feeds on insects is:
(i) Cuscuta (ii) china rose (iv) pitcher plant (iv) rose

Ans

(b) (iv) pitcher plant

Q.9

Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II:

Column I

Column II

Chlorophyll

Bacteria

Nitrogen

Heterotrophs

Amarbel

Pitcher plant

Animals

Leaf

Insects Parasite
Ans

Q.10

Column I

Column II

Chlorophyll

Leaf

Nitrogen

Bacteria

Amarbel

Parasite

Animals

Heterotrophs

Insects

Pitcher plant

Mark T if the statement is true and F if it is false:

(i) Carbon dioxide is released during photosynthesis. (T/F)
(ii) Plants which synthesise their food themselves are called saprotrophs. (T/F)
(iii) The product of photosynthesis is not a protein. (T/F)
(iv) Solar energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis. (T/F)

Ans

(i) Carbon dioxide is released during photosynthesis. (F)

(ii) Plants which synthesise their food themselves are called saprotrophs. (F)
(iii) The product of photosynthesis is not a protein. (T)
(iv) Solar energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis. (T)

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Q.11

Choose the correct option from the following:

Which part of the plant takes in carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis?
(i) Root hair (ii) Stomata (iii) Leaf veins (iv) Sepals

Ans

Q.12

(ii) Stomata

Choose the correct option from the following:

Plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere mainly through their:
(i) roots (ii) stem (iii) flowers (iv) leaves

Ans

(iv) leaves

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