Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
CHAPTER 5
Stresses in Beams
Solution 5.9-1
d
L
P
d
s
L
d
P 450 lb L 6 ft 72 in.
allow 1900 psi
allow 120 psi
Find diameter d
32Mmax
M 32M
3
173.7 in.3
3 d s
S
d
allow
W
850 N/m
300 m
2.5 m
SECTION 5.9
Solution 5.9-2
339
Log bridge
W
q = 850 N/m
L = 2.5 m
Diameter d 300 mm
allow 7.0 MPa
allow 0.75 MPa
Find allowable load W
(a) Based upon bending stress
Maximum moment occurs when wheel is at midspan
(x L/2).
WL qL2 W
1
(2.5 m) (850 Nm)(2.5 m) 2
4
8
4
8
0.625W 664.1 (N m) (W newtons)
Mmax
d 3
2.651 103 m3
32
Mmax Sallow (2.651 103 m3)(7.0 MPa)
18,560 N m
0.625W 664.1 18,560
W 28,600 N 28.6 kN
S
h2
d
t=
10
Wind
load
d
h1
340
CHAPTER 5
Solution 5.9-3
Stresses in Beams
h2 = 5ft
d
h1 = 20 ft
b width of sign
b 10 ft
P 75 lb/ft 2
allow 7500 psi
allow 2000 psi
d diameter W wind force on one pole
d
b
t
W ph2 1875 lb
10
2
(a) Required diameter based upon
bending stress
h2
Mmax W h1 506,250 lb-in.
2
4
I (d 42 d 42 )d2 dd1 d 2t d
64
5
I
4d 4
d 4 369
369d 4
B d4 R
(in.4 )
64
5
64 625
40,000
d
(d inches)
2
M(d2)
17.253M
Mc
s
I
369d 440,000
d3
17.253Mmax (17.253)(506,250 lb-in.)
d3
sallow
7500 psi
c
1164.6 in.3
r2
2
2
3A
2
r2 r1
d
d
d
2d
r1 t
2
2 10
5
d 2
d 2d
2d 2
r 22 r2r1 r 21
2
2 5
5
61
41
r 22 r 21
d 2
2d 2
2
5
t
2
4d 2
9d 2
(d 2 d 21 ) B d 2 R
4
4
5
100
4V 61 100
V
t
7.0160 2
3 41 9d 2
d
7.0160
V
(7.0160)(1875
lb)
max
d2
6.5775 in.2
tallow
2000 psi
A
d 2.56 in.
(Bending stress governs.)
d 10.52 in.
Problem 5.9-4 Solve the preceding problem for a sign and poles
having the following dimensions: h1 6.0 m, h2 1.5 m, b 3.0 m,
and t d/10. The design wind pressure is 3.6 kPa, and the allowable
stresses in the aluminum are 50 MPa in bending and 14 MPa in shear.
SECTION 5.9
Solution 5.9-4
h2 = 1.5 m
d
h1 = 6.0 m
b width of sign
b 3.0 m
P 3.6 kPa
allow 50 MPa
allow 16 MPa
d diameter W wind force on one pole
d
b
t W ph2 8.1 kN
10
2
(a) Required diameter based upon bending stress
h2
Mmax W h1 54.675 kN m
2
Mc
4
s
I (d 42 d 41 )d2 dd1 d 2t d
I
64
5
I
d
(d meters)
2
M(d2)
Mc
17.253M
s
I
369d 440,000
d3
17.253Mmax (17.253)(54.675 kN m)
sallow
50 MPa
d 0.266 m 266 mm
4V r 22 r1r2 r 21
d
r2
3A
2
r 22 r 21
d
d
d
2d
r1 t
2
2 10
5
r 22 r1r2 r 21
r 22 r 21
d
2
d 2d
2d 2
2 5
5
61
41
d 2
2d 2
2
5
A
2
4d 2
9d 2
(d 2 d 21 ) B d 2 R
4
4
5
100
t
4V 61 100
V
7.0160 2
3 41 9d 2
d
d2
c
0.018866 m3
t
4d 4
d 4 369
369d 4
Bd4 R
(m4 )
64
5
64 625
40,000
d3
0.004059 m2
d 0.06371 m 63.7 mm
(Bending stress governs)
341
342
CHAPTER 5
Stresses in Beams
O h1
Note: Disregard the fillets at the junctions of the web and flanges and
determine all quantities, including the moment of inertia, by considering
the cross section to consist of three rectangles.
b
Probs. 5.10-1 through 5.10-6
Wide-flange beam
(b) MINIMUM SHEAR STRESS IN THE WEB (Eq. 5-48b)
t
h1
b 6.0 in.
t 0.5 in.
h 12.0 in.
h1 10.5 in.
V 30 k
tmin
Vb 2
(h h21 ) 4555 psi
8It
SECTION 5.10
Wide-flange beam
t
h1
b 180 mm
t 12 mm
h 420 mm
h1 380 mm
V 125 kN
Problem 5.10-3
E); V 10 k.
Solution 5.10-3
h1
Wide-flange beam
W 8 28
b 6.535 in.
t 0.285 in.
h 8.06 in.
h1 7.13 in.
V 10 k
343
344
CHAPTER 5
Stresses in Beams
Wide-flange beam
t
h1
b 220 mm
t 12 mm
h 600 mm
h1 570 mm
V 200 kN
Wide-flange beam
W 18 71
b 7.635 in.
t 0.495 in.
h 18.47 in.
h1 16.85 in.
V 21 k
SECTION 5.10
Wide-flange beam
t
h1
b 120 mm
t 7 mm
h 350 mm
h1 330 mm
V 60 kN
V
(bh2 bh21 th21 ) 28.40 MPa
8It
Solution 5.10-7
W 10 12
L = 6.5 ft
Cantilever beam
qmax
W 10 12
From Table E-1:
t
b 3.960 in.
t 0.190 in.
b
h 9.87 in.
h1 9.87 in. 2(0.210 in.) 9.45 in.
I 53.8 in.4
S 10.9 in.3
L 6.5 ft 78 in.
allow 16,000 psi
allow 8,500 psi
h1
Vmax
(bh2 bh21 th21 )
8It
(Eq. 5-48a)
8It(tallow )
Vmax
L
L(bh2 bh21 th21 )
345
346
CHAPTER 5
Stresses in Beams
450 mm
B
L = 14 m
15 mm
1800
450 mm
Solution 5.10-8
h1
t
b
L 14 m
b 450 mm
t 15 mm
h 1860 mm h1 1800 mm
allow 110 MPa
allow 50 MPa
c h/2 930 mm
Eq. (5-47):
I
1
(bh3 bh31 th31 )
12
(Eq. 5-48a)
P = 3000 lb
8 ft
q = 1200 lb/ft
B
12 ft
4 ft
SECTION 5.10
Solution 5.10-9
P = 3000 lb
8 ft
q = 1200 lb/ft
B
4 ft
12 ft
RA
x
RB
allow 18 ksi
allow 11 ksi
Select a beam of S shape
RA 7400 lb
RB 14,800 lb
Maximum shear force: Vmax 10,000 lb at x 12 ft
S
20
mm
450
10 mm mm
10 mm
20
mm
200 mm
Solution 5.10-10
allow 36 MPa
Find Vallow
t
VQ
It
Vallow
tallowIt
Q
1
1
(200) (450) 3
(180)(410) 3 484.9 106 mm4
12
12
t 2(10 mm) 20 mm
I
450 450
410 410
(180)
2
4
2
4
1.280 106 mm3
Q (200)
Vallow
tallowIt
Q
347
348
CHAPTER 5
Stresses in Beams
Problem 5.10-11 A hollow aluminum box beam has the square cross section
shown in the figure. Calculate the maximum and minimum shear stresses max
and min in the webs of the beam due to a shear force V 28 k.
1.0 in.
1.0 in.
12 in.
Solution 5.10-11
t1
A
Q
t1
b1
b
t
VQ
It
tmax
b1 10 in.
A2 b1
y1
A1 b
1.42 ksi
bt1
b t1
Q Ay (bt1 )
(b t1 )
2 2
2
1 4
(b b41 ) 894.67 in.4
12
Q A1 y1 A2 y2
V 28 k 28,000 lb
t1 1.0 in.
b 12 in.
Moment of inertia
I
b21 b1
b2 b
1
3
(b3 b1 ) 91.0 in.3
2 4
2 4
8
b
b2
2
2
t1
b b1
b
Q (b2 b21 )
2
8
Q
(12 in.)
[ (12 in.) 2 (10 in.) 2 ] 66.0 in.3
8
tmin
b21
b1
2
2
b1
1 b
b
1 b1
y2
2 2
4
2 2
4
y
t
h1
c
Probs. 5.10-12 and 5.10-13
SECTION 5.10
Solution 5.10-12
b 220 mm
h1 275 mm
T-beam
h 300 mm
t 15 mm
V 60 kN
Find max
Locate neutral axis
(all dimensions in millimeters)
1
25 2
(220)(25) 3 (220)(25) 76.79
12
2
23.02 106 mm4
h h1
h1
b(h h1 )
th1 h
gAy
2
2
c
gA
b(h h1 ) th1
Iflange
25
275
(220)(25) (15)(275) 300
2
2
76.79 mm
(220)(25) (15)(275)
y
223.2
2
373.6 103 mm3
1.5
275
76.79
25
220
Problem 5.10-13 Calculate the maximum shear stress max in the web
of the T-beam shown in the figure if b 10 in., t 0.6 in., h 8 in.,
h1 7 in., and the shear force V 5000 lb.
Solution 5.10-13
T-beam
y
t
h1
c
b
6.317
z
1.683
(10)(1)(0.5) (0.6)(7)(4.5)
1.683 in.
10(1) (0.6)(7)
0.6
7
C
1.0
Find max
b 10 in.
t 0.6 in.
h 8 in.
h1 7 in.
V 5000 lb
10
1
(10)(1.0) 3 (10)(1.0)(1.683 0.5) 2
12
14.83 in.4
Iflange
349