Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
BIO095
Centre of Foundation Studies
UiTM
2016/2017
Primary Tissues
Different tissues have different structures that
are suited to their functions
Tissues are classified into four main
categories:
epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous
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Epithelial Tissue
Covers the outside of the body and lines the organs and cavities within the
body
It contains cells that are closely joined
The shape of epithelial cells may be
squamous
cuboidal
columnar
The arrangement of epithelial cells may be:
simple (single cell layer)
stratified (multiple layers of cells)
pseudostratified (a single layer of cells of varying length)
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Figure 40.5aa
Epithelial Tissue
Stratified squamous
epithelium
Basement
membrane
Cuboidal
epithelium
Simple columnar
epithelium
Simple squamous
epithelium
Pseudostratified
columnar
epithelium
Line passageways
Specialized for secretion and absorption
Pseudostratified Epithelium
Lines passageways
Protects underlying tissues
Exocrine glands
secrete product through a duct onto exposed
epithelial surface
Endocrine glands
release hormones into interstitial fluid or blood
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Cilia
Unicellular glands
(goblet cells)
Basement
membrane
Skin
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Connective Tissue
Mainly binds and supports other tissues
Made of three main elements:
Ground substance (fluid, jellylike, solid)
Fibers (example: collagen, elastic)
Cells (example: fibrocytes, blood cells)
Figure 40.5ba
Connective Tissue
Loose connective tissue
Blood
Collagenous fiber
Plasma
55 m
120 m
White
blood cells
Elastic fiber
Cartilage
30 m
100 m
Chondrocytes
Chondroitin sulfate
Nuclei
Adipose tissue
Central
canal
Fat droplets
Osteon
150 m
700 m
Bone
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Muscle Tissue
It is divided in the vertebrate body into three types:
Skeletal muscle, or striated muscle, is
responsible for voluntary movement
Smooth muscle is responsible for involuntary
body activities
Cardiac muscle is responsible for contraction of
the heart
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Figure 40.5ca
Muscle Tissue
Skeletal muscle
Nuclei
Muscle
fiber
Sarcomere
100 m
Smooth muscle
Nucleus
Muscle fibers
Cardiac muscle
25 m
Nucleus
Intercalated disk
50 m
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Nervous Tissue
Nervous tissue senses stimuli and transmits signals
throughout the animal
Nervous tissue contains
Neurons, or nerve cells, that transmit nerve
impulses
Glial cells, or glia, that help nourish, insulate,
and replenish neurons
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Figure 40.5da
Nervous Tissue
Neurons
Glia
Glia
15 m
Neuron:
Dendrites
Cell body
Axons of
neurons
40 m
Axon
Blood
vessel
(Fluorescent LM)
(Confocal LM)
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