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Nair
4. Draw and label a 2 stranded model of DNA with at least six copies (3 on each
strand) of DNAs basic structural unit. Show the hydrogen bonds.
Page 1 of 4
Biology
DNA structure & replication
Nair
6. Explain the difference between a covalent bond and a hydrogen bond.
Covalent bonds exist when atoms share electrons to form a molecule. A hydrogen
bond exists when hydrogen has a positive charge and attracts the negative end
of another molecule.
7. Explain how the backbone of a DNA strand is held together.
Covalent bonds.
8. Explain how the two strands of DNA are held together.
Hydrogen bonding.
9. Name the two parts of a nucleotide that are always the same.
1.The phosphate group and 2. deoxyribose.
10. What is the difference between a nucleotide base and a base, when you
discuss DNA.
Nothing.
11. Explain base pairing.
Base pairing is the pairing up of Adenine and Thymine, Guanine and cytosine
according to base pairing rules.
Biology
DNA structure & replication
Nair
16. Suppose a piece of DNA lost a base. How would it know what base to replace
it with?
It would use base pairing rules, and its opposing base, to tell it what base would
be needed.
17. Is it possible for a cell to have different DNA than other cells in the same
organism? Explain your answer.
NO! Every cell in an organism has the same DNA in the same amount, and all the
DNA is exactly the same.
18. Draw a model of DNA replication.
19. A cell is about to divide. What must if first do with its DNA before it can begin
to divide?
It must replicate or copy its DNA.
20. Draw a picture of chromatin and chromosome & explain the difference
between the two.
21. Why doesnt a cell just pack DNA into a chromosome and then copy it?
A chromosome is unreadable because it is too tightly packed. The cell has to
copy chromatin and then make chromosomes from the two copies of the same
DNA.
22. What are sister chromatids?
Identical copies of chromosomes, which are either about to be separated, or have
been separated.
23. What are daughter cells?
Two cells that are the result of the division of a parent cell.
Page 3 of 4
Biology
DNA structure & replication
Nair
24. Starting from the point where a cell has already replicated its DNA, put a
number next to the two images, showing which one comes first, and which
comes second, as the cell divides.
2_
____1_
25. Imagine a cell that has two chromosomes. It replicates these chromosomes
so it has two copies of each. Draw a picture of this cell just about to divide, with
both copies of its chromosomes still attached to each other.
26. Now draw the same cell after it has separated its chromosomes as it is
dividing.