Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
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Department of Building Construction and Transport Infrastructure, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Albania
2 Department of Mechanics of Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Albania
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1. INTRODUCTION
Design philosophy is somewhat grandiose term that
structural engineers use, meaning the fundamental basis of
design [1]. It covers reasons underlying the choice of design
loads, and forces, the analytical techniques and design
procedures, preferences for a particular structural
configuration and materials, but also aims for economic
optimization. The importance of a rational design philosophy
becomes paramount when seismic considerations dominate
design. Nowadays, design philosophy is closely related to the
concept of ductility. To minimize major damage and ensure
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cc co 1 5 fcc / fco 1
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(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(7)
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Acc Ac (1 cc )
(8)
A i wi / 6
2
(9)
i 1
(10)
i 1
ke
i 1
(1 cc )
(14)
(16)
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3. CASE STUDY
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Chart -2: Confining Stress Ratios Variation (flx/ fco), (fly/ fco)
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At last, but not less important, a few words over the role of
longitudinal reinforcement, taking for granted that the
following can be easily understood without the need of an
application. The presence of a number of longitudinal bars
well distributed around the perimeter of the section, tied
across the section, will also aid the confinement of the
concrete (Fig. 2). What happens, in simple terms, is that the
concrete bears against the longitudinal bars and the
transverse reinforcement provides the confining reactions
to the longitudinal bars. For this reason, recommendations
for the minimum spacing of vertical bars in columns and
structural walls boundary zones are always part of the
Design Codes [13], [14], [15], [16].
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REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
4. CONCLUSIONS
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
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