Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
(Through 1986)
by Brian Kunde
Word processing did not develop out of computer technology. It evolved from the needs of
writers rather than those of mathemeticians, only later merging with the computer field.
1 The history of word processing is the story of the gradual automation of the physical aspects of
writing and editing, and the refinement of the technology to make it available to individual and
corporate users.
The invention of printing and moveable type at the end of the Middle Ages
2 was the initial step in this automation. But the first major advance from manual writing as far as
the individual was concerned was the typewriter. Henry Mill, an English engineer of the early
eighteenth century, is credited with its invention. The fact that almost nothing is known about his
early version today is evidence of its lack of success.
3
Christopher Latham Sholes, with the assistance of two colleagues, invented the first successful
manual typewriter in 1867. It began to be marketed commercially in 1874, rather improbably by a
gun manufacturing company, E. Remington and Sons.
4 The main drawback of this model was that it printed on the underside of the roller, so that the
typist could not view his work until he had finished.
5
Acceptance of the typewriter was slow at first, but was facilitated over the next several years by
various improvements. These included: the shift key, which made it possible to type both capital
and lower-case letters with the same keys (1878); printing on the upper side of the roller (1880);
and the tab key, permitting the setting of margins (1897).
6
Eventually, at first in the corporate sector, the typewriter began to catch on. Businesses, which
had hitherto had their records and correspondence written and copied by hand, found their
paperwork could be done more quickly and legibly on the typewriter.
7 Typewriting was put within the reach of individuals by the development of portable models, first
marketed in the early 1900s.
8
Thomas Edison patented an electric typewriter in 1872, but the first workable model was not
introduced until the 1920s. In the 1930s IBM introduced a more refined version, the IBM
Electromatic.
9 It "greatly increased typing speeds and quickly gained wide acceptance in the business
community."
10
This was soon followed by the M. Shultz Company's introduction of the automatic or repetitive
typewriter, perhaps the greatest step from the typewriter towards modern word processing. The
Shultz machine's main innovation was automatic storage of information for later retrieval. It was a
sort of "player typewriter," punch-coding text onto paper rolls similar to those used in player
pianos, which could later be used to activate the keys of the typewriter in the same order as the
initial typing.
11 With the automatic typewriter, it was possible to produce multiple typed copies of form letters
identical in appearance to the hand-typed original, without the intermediary of carbons,
photocopiers or typesetting.
The bulky paper roll machine was succeeded by a device called the Flexowriter, which used
paper tape. This had a key that allowed the deletion of mistakes from the tape and copies by
punching a "non-print" code over the code for the character erroniously typed. Long passages of
text could be deleted or moved by literally cutting the tape and pasting it back together.
12
In 1961 IBM introduced the Selectric typewriter, which replaced the standard movable carriage
and individual typestrikers with a revolving typeball (often refered to as a "golfball" or "walnut").
This could print faster than the traditional typewriter.
13.
In 1964 IBM brought out the MT/ST (Magnetic Tape/Selectric Typewriter), which combined
the features of the Selectric with a magnetic tape drive. Magnetic tape was the first reusable
storage medium for typed information.
14 With this, for the first time, typed material could be edited without having to retype the whole
text or chop up a coded copy. On the tape, information could be stored, replayed (that is, retyped
automatically from the stored information), corrected, reprinted as many times as needed, and then
erased and reused for other projects. This development marked the beginning of word processing
as it is known today.
15
It also introduced word processing as a definite idea and concept. The term was first used in
IBM's marketing of the MT/ST as a "word processing" machine.
16. It was a translation of the German word textverabeitung, coined in the late 1950s by Ulrich
Steinhilper, an IBM engineer. He used it as a more precise term for what was done by the act of
typing.
17 IBM redefined it "to describe electronic ways of handling a standard set of office activities -composing, revising, printing, and filing written documents."
18
Since the invention of the MT/ST, advances in technology have made word processing systems
less expensive to produce, leading to intensified competition among developers and an increase in
the development rate of new packages.
19
In 1969 IBM introduced MagCards, magnetic cards that were slipped into a box attached to the
typewriter and recorded text as it was typed on paper. The cards could then be used to recall and
reprint text. These were useful mostly to companies which sent out large numbers of form letters.
However, only about one page-worth of text could be stored on each card.
20
In 1972 Lexitron and Linolex developed a similar word processing system, but included video
display screens and tape cassettes for storage. With the screen, text could be entered and corrected
without having to produce a hard copy. Printing could be delayed until the writer was satisfied with
the material.
21
The floppy disk marked a new stage in the evolution of storage media. Developed by IBM in
the early 1970s for use in data processing (that is, traditional number computation), it was soon
adopted by the word processing industry.
22 Vydec, in 1973, seems to have been the first manufacturer to produce a word processing system
using floppy disks for storage. Previous storage media could only hold one or two pages of text,
but the early disks were capable of holding 80 to 100 pages. This increased storage capacity
permitted the creation and easy editing of multipage documents without the necessity of changing
storage receptacles.
23
Floppy disks could also be used to hold programs. The most important advance in word
processing was the change from "hard wired" instructions built into the machinery to software on
disks. When the programs were part of the equipment they were difficult to change and expensive
to upgrade. Programs on disks could be updated more economically, since a rewritten program
could be loaded into and used with the same hardware as the old one.
24
Before disk programs most word processing packages were "dedicated" systems, which were
bulky and expensive, and did not admit computing functions other than word processing.
25 Disk programs made it practical to develop packages for use with personal computers, first
made available in completely assembled form in 1977.
26 Thus the separation of the software from the hardware also opened up the field to individuals.
Word processing is now "one of the most common general applications for personal computers."
27
Over the next ten years many new features were introduced in the field. One important
innovation was the development of spelling check and mailing list programs.
28 Another advance, introduced by Xerox in its Star Information System, allowed working on
more than one document at a time on the same screen.
29
Some programs now even incorporate bookkeeping and inventory functions, combining word
processing with data processing and completing the marriage of the word processor to the
computer.
30 The combined field is known as information processing.
31
The introduction and evolution of the specific word processing programs available today is not
covered well in the literature. Authors seem to assume that their readers will automatically be
familiar with recent developments, despite the fact that if they were they would not be buying the
literature. WordStar, put out by Micropro International, has emerged as the industry standard in
software packages, though others surpass it in one feature or another.
32
There are now more than sixty complete word processing systems on the market, and more than
thirty software packages for use with various computers,* all with different capabilities and claims
about their efficiency.
Definition
A full-featured word processing program for Windows and the Macintosh from Microsoft.
Included in the Microsoft application suite, it is a sophisticated program with rudimentary desktop
publishing capabilities that has become the most widely used word processing application on the
market. The first versions of Word came out under DOS and provided both graphics-based and
text-based interfaces for working with a document.
Click the X in the upper right corner of the New Document pane to close the New Document pane.
Your screen will then look like the one shown here.
This lesson will familiarize you with the Microsoft Word screen. We will start with the Title bar,
which is located at the very top of the screen. On the Title bar, Microsoft Word displays the name
of the document on which you are currently working. At the top of your screen, you should see
"Microsoft Word - Document1" or a similar name.
The Menu bar is generally found directly below the Title bar. The Menu bar displays the menu.
The Menu bar begins with the word File and continues with Edit, View, Insert, Format, Tools,
Table, Window, and Help. You use the menus to give instructions to the software. Point with your
mouse to a menu option and click the left mouse button to open a drop-down menu. You can now
use the left and right arrow keys on your keyboard to move left and right across the Menu bar
options. You can use the up and down arrow keys to move up and down the drop-down menu.
The most frequently used menu options appear on the menu list. A chevron appears at the bottom
of the list. Click the chevron to display additional menu options.
Click
During the lessons that follow, you will be asked to "click" items. When asked to click:
1. Point to the item.
2. Press your left mouse button once.
Options
The following is an introduction to various features of the Microsoft Word screen.
Status Bar
The Status bar appears at the very bottom of the screen and provides such information as the
current page, current section, total number of pages, inches from the top of the page, current line
number, and current column number. The Status bar also provides options that enable you to track
changes or turn on the Record mode, the Extension mode, the Overtype mode, and the Spelling
and Grammar check.
Word 2002
The Status bar for the 2002 version of Word includes WordPerfect help, but
The Horizontal and Vertical scroll bars, if turned on, enable you to move up and down or across the
window simply by pressing the icons located on the scroll bars. The Horizontal scroll bar is located
above the Status bar. The Vertical scroll bar is located along the right side of the screen. To move
up and down your document, click and drag the Vertical scroll bar up and down. To move back and
forth across your document, click and drag the Horizontal scroll bar.
Nonprinting Characters
Certain characters do not print but do affect the document layout. You can elect to see these
characters on the screen as you type or have them remain invisible. For these lessons, you should
opt to see them onscreen. Here are most of them:
Denotes a tab
..
Denotes a space
....
If you enable the recently used file list, clicking File displays the most recently opened files near
the bottom of the drop-down menu. You can click the file name to open the file quickly.
Setting Options
Before proceeding, turn on the Status bar, Horizontal scroll bar, Vertical scroll bar, nonprinting
characters, and the recently used file list. Follow the procedure outlined here:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Highlighting Text
Throughout these lessons, you will be asked to highlight text. You can use either of the following
methods:
Highlighting by Using the F8 and Arrow Keys
1. Place the cursor before or after the text you wish to highlight and click the left mouse
button.
2. Press the F8 key, which will serve as an "anchor" showing where text you wish to highlight
begins or ends.
3. Press the appropriate arrow key (left arrow to move to the left or right arrow to move to the
right) until the text is highlighted. You can use the up or down arrow key to highlight one
line at a time. Press Esc to remove the anchor.
Highlighting by Using the Mouse
1. Place the cursor before or after the text you wish to highlight.
2. Hold down the left mouse button.
3. Move the mouse left, right, up, or down until the text is highlighted.
Or
1. Use the arrow keys to move up or down the drop-down menu.
2. Press Enter to select a drop-down menu item.
Hold down the Alt key and press "o" to select Format from the menu.
Press "p" to select Paragraph from the drop-down menu.
Hold down the Alt key and press "i" to select the Indents and Spacing tab.
Hold down the Alt key and press "b" to select Before from the Spacing frame.
Press Enter to close the dialog box.
Shortcut Notations
A key name followed by a dash and a letter means to hold down the key while pressing the letter.
For example, Alt-o means you should hold down the Alt key while pressing "o." A shorthand
notation of the above demonstration would read as follows:
1. Press Alt-o, p.
2. Press Alt-i.
3. Press Alt-b.
4. Press Enter.
Typists who are slowed down by using a mouse usually prefer using keys.
Inserting Text
You can insert text. To insert text, you must be in the Insert mode. To check to see whether you are
in the Insert mode, look at the Status bar, located at the very bottom of the screen. Look at the right
side of the Status bar. If the letters "OVR" are gray, you are in the Insert mode. If the letters
"OVR" are black, you are in the Overtype mode.
Insert Mode
Overtype Mode
To change to the Insert mode:
Choose Tools > Options from the menu. The Options dialog box opens.
Click the Edit tab to choose the Edit tab.
The Overtype Mode box should be blank. If the box is blank, click OK.
If the Overtype Mode box is not blank, click the box to remove the check mark. Then click
OK.
Press Alt-t, o.
Click Edit.
Press Alt-v (toggles between overtype and insert).
Press Enter.
Overtype
You can type over the current text (replace the current text with new text). However, you must be
in the Overtype mode. Do the following to change to the Overtype mode.
1. Double-Click "OVR" on the Status bar.
2. The letters "OVR" should now be black.
Make sure the letters "OVR" are black before proceeding to the following exercise.
4. In the Underline box, click to open the pull-down menu. Click the type of underline you
want to use.
Note: To remove an underline, select None from the pull-down menu.
5. Click OK to close the dialog box.
6. Click anywhere in the Text area to remove the highlighting.
Alternate Method -- All Three by Using Icons
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
On the line that begins with "Icon," highlight the words "All three."
Click the Bold icon on the toolbar.
Click the Italic icon on the toolbar.
Click the Underline icon on the toolbar.
Click anywhere in the Text area to remove the highlighting.
On the line that begins with "Keys," highlight the words "All three."
Press Ctrl-b (bold).
Press Ctrl-i (italicize).
Press Ctrl-u (underline).
Note: You can remove formatting by highlighting the text and pressing Ctrl-spacebar.
5. Click anywhere in the Text area to remove the highlighting.
To select an option, click the option or use the arrow keys to move to the option on the drop-down
menu and press Enter. An ellipse or a right arrow after a menu item signifies additional options; if
you select that menu item, a dialog box appears. Items in gray are not available.
You can customize your screen so that all of the menu options display when you click a menu item.
This tutorial assumes that your menu is set to display all menu options. To customize your menu to
display all of the menu options:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. Click Close.
Task Pane
Upon starting any Office 2003 program, the Task Pane is present along the right side of the
window. This eliminates the need for frequent trips to the menu bar by putting commonly used
functions all in one area. With the Task Pane, you can easily and efficiently create a new
document, open an existing document, add clip art, or apply styles.
2. Using the crossbar pointer, click and drag the Task Pane to the desired location
OPTIONAL: To dock the Task Pane, drag it off the left or right edge of the screen
3. Release the mouse button
Smart Tags
Like the Task Pane, Smart Tags put commonly used functions within easy reach. A Smart Tag is a
button containing a menu that appears after you perform a certain action. For example, after you
paste text, a Smart Tag appears with formatting options for that text; however, the tag will
disappear when you begin typing text. Smart Tags also appear with the AutoCorrect feature and
when errors occur in Excel formulas. Overall, Smart Tags help to inform you of the options
available in different situations when using Office 2003.
1. To reveal your Smart Tag options, click the tag
OR
Press [Alt]+[Shift]+[F10]
When Word AutoCorrects your text, a Smart Tag allows you to change or turn off the AutoCorrect
feature. Your options and the implications are listed here using the example of automatically
capitalizing the first letter of sentences. (For more information on AutoCorrect, see AutoCorrect:
Corrections & Replacements.)
Option
Undo Automatic
Corrections
Implication
Selecting this option affects only this AutoCorrect
occurrence in the current document.
Stop Auto-capitalizing
Selecting this option corrects only this occurrence and turns
First Letter of Sentences off this option for all other occurrences in all documents.
Control AutoCorrect
Options...
1. From the list of locations in the Places Bar, click the appropriate icon
Office 2003 enables you to change the working environment to suit your needs. You can
change the toolbars by adding, removing or rearranging their contents. After you have
customized your Office program to fit your needs, you can save these changes and apply
them for future use.
Toolbars
The Standard Toolbar
The Formatting Toolbar
Toolbars provide shortcuts to menu commands. Toolbars are generally located just below the Menu
bar. Before proceeding with this lesson, make sure the toolbars you will use -- Standard and
Formatting -- are available. Follow these steps:
1. Click View on the Menu bar.
2. Highlight Toolbars.
3. Standard and Formatting should have check marks next to them. If both Standard and
Formatting have heck marks next to them, press Esc three times to close the menu.
4. If they do not both have check marks, click Customize.
5. Click the Toolbars tab.
6. Point to the box next to the unchecked option and click the left mouse button to make a
check mark appear.
Note: You turn the check mark on and off by clicking the left mouse button.
7. Click Close to close the dialog box.
The Ruler
The ruler is generally found below the main toolbars. The ruler is used to change the format of
your document quickly. To display the ruler:
1. Click View on the Menu bar.
2. The option Ruler should have a check mark next to it. If it has a check mark next to it,
press Esc to close the menu. If it does not have a check mark next to it, continue to the next
step.
3. Click Ruler. The ruler now appears below the toolbars.
Document View
In Word, you can display your document in one of five views: Normal, Web Layout, Print Layout,
Reading Layout, or Online Layout.
Normal View
Normal view is the most often used and shows formatting such as line spacing, font, point
size, and italics. Word displays multiple-column text in one continuous column.
Web Layout
Web layout view enables you to view your document as it would appear in a browser such
as Internet Explorer.
Print Layout
The Print Layout view shows the document as it will look when it is printed.
Reading Layout
Reading Layout view formats your screen to make reading your document more
comfortable.
Outline view
Outline view displays the document in outline form. Headings can be displayed without the
text. If you move a heading, the accompanying text moves with it.
Word 2002
In Word 2002, you can display your document in one of four views: Normal,
Outline, Page Layout, or Online Layout.
Normal view
Normal view is the most often used and shows formatting such as line
spacing, font, point size, and italics. Word displays multiple-column
text in one continuous column.
Outline view
Outline view displays the document in outline form. Headings can be
displayed without the text. If you move a heading, the accompanying
text moves with it.
Print Layout view
The Print Layout view shows the document as it will look when it is
printed.
Online Layout view
The Online Layout view optimizes the document for online viewing
(viewing the document in a browser such as Internet Explorer).
Before moving ahead, check to make sure you are in Normal view:
1. Click View on the Menu bar.
2. The icon next to Normal should have a box around it. If the icon next to normal has a box
around it, press Esc to close the menu. If the icon next to Normal does not have a box
around it, continue on to the next step.
3. Click Normal. You are now in Normal view.
Viewing/Hiding Toolbars
Before customizing any toolbar, the toolbar must be viewed. The View menu gives the option of
hiding or viewing any toolbar for your particular needs.
NOTE: A toolbar is displayed when a checkmark appears in the Toolbars menu before the toolbar
name.
To view a toolbar:
1. From the View menu, select Toolbars select the desired toolbar
The selected toolbar appears.
To hide a toolbar:
1. From the View menu, select Toolbars deselect the desired toolbar
The selected toolbar is hidden.
Customizing Toolbars
You can customize any toolbar to include only buttons you want to appear. After clicking the
TOOLBAR OPTIONS button, the Add or Remove Buttons menu allows you to customize your
toolbar.
NOTES:
For free-floating toolbars, the TOOLBAR OPTIONS button is located on the title bar
For docked toolbars, the TOOLBAR OPTIONS button is located to the right of the toolbar
buttons.
Resetting Toolbars
After you have customized an existing toolbar, you may want to restore its original button settings.
1. From the appropriate toolbar, click TOOLBAR OPTIONS Add or Remove Buttons
(toolbar name) Reset Toolbar
The selected toolbar is reset.
Arranging Toolbars
If you prefer, you can arrange the Standard and Formatting toolbars one over the other, rather than
together on one line.
Moving Toolbars
Toolbars can be moved to new locations at any time. You can place toolbars anywhere within the
working area of your screen or above, below, or on either side of the working area.
1. Click on any open space on the toolbar (not a button) and drag to a different location
2. When the toolbar reaches the desired location, release the mouse button
The toolbar is moved to the new location.
Reshaping Toolbars
If you want to place a toolbar in the working area of your screen, you may want to alter its shape
so the toolbar stays out of the way as you work on your documents.
1. If the toolbar is not already in the working area, move it there
2. Place the insertion point over any corner of the toolbar
The cursor changes to a two-headed arrow.
3. Click and drag the edge of the toolbar in either direction of the arrow
4. When the toolbar reaches the desired shape, release the mouse button
The toolbar is reshaped.
This toolbar can be restored to its original position by clicking in the gray bar at the top
and dragging it back to the top of the screen. Push the top of the window up to the
bottom of the menu bar.
Carefully review the function of each of the buttons above. When you think that you are
familiar with each of the buttons take the short quiz below. (The Standard toolbar has
been included as a reference)
A
1
2
D
You have completed the document and want to make
certain that you have not made spelling or grammar
errors.
Which button do you select?
Text is selected and you want to remove the selection
from the active document and place it on the
clipboard.
Which button do you select?
This entire toolbar could become a floating window by double-clicking on the control
bar at the far left end of this toolbar. That gives the following window, which can be
placed anywhere on the screen:
This toolbar can be restored to its original position by clicking in the gray bar at the top
and dragging it back to the top of the screen. Push the top of the window up to the
bottom of the menu bar.
Function of commonly used buttons
Select the style to apply to
paragraphs
Carefully review the function of each of the buttons above. When you think that you are
familiar with each of the buttons take the short quiz below. (The Formatting toolbar has
been included as a reference)
7
The Drawing toolbar
This entire toolbar could become a floating window by double-clicking on the control
bar at the far left end of this toolbar. That gives the following window, which can be
placed anywhere on the screen:
This toolbar can be restored to its original position by clicking in the gray bar at the top
and dragging it back to the top of the screen. Push the top of the window up to the
bottom of the menu bar.
Function of commonly used buttons
A pull down menu with
several
drawing options
Word Art
Carefully review the function of each of the buttons above. When you think that you are
familiar with each of the buttons take the short quiz below. (The Drawing toolbar has
been included as a reference)
Text Area
Just below the ruler is a large area called the "text area." You type your document in the text area.
The blinking vertical line in the upper left corner of the text area is the cursor. It marks the
insertion point. As you type, your work shows at the cursor location. The horizontal line next to the
cursor marks the end of the document.
Place the cursor after the period in the sentence "I am content where I am."
Press the spacebar to leave a space.
Choose Edit > Paste from the menu.
Your text should now rea
"I am content where I am. I want to move."
Place the cursor after the period in the sentence: "I am content where I am."
Press the spacebar to leave a space.
Press Ctrl-v.
Your text should now read.
"I am content where I am. I want to move."
Place the cursor after the period in the sentence "One of me is all you need."
Press the spacebar to leave a space.
Press Ctrl-v.
Your text should now read:
"You will want to copy me. One of me is all you need. You will want to copy me."
AutoText
Cut and Copy both store information on the Clipboard. Each time you store new information on
the Clipboard, the old information is lost. If you wish to store text permanently so you can use it
repeatedly, use AutoText.
Spell Check
Word checks your spelling and grammar as you type. Spelling errors display with a red wavy line
under the word. Grammar errors display with a green wavy line under the error. If you want to
spell check your entire document, press F7 and click the spelling icon
, or choose Tools >
Spelling and Grammar from the menu. If you want to spell check part of your document, highlight
the area you want to spell check. Then press F7 and click the spelling icon
Spelling and Grammar from the menu.
Font Size
In Microsoft Word, you can change the size of your font (text). The following exercise illustrates
changing the font size.
Change Font Size - Using the Menu
1. Type the following:
I am the smallest. I am a little bigger. I am the biggest.
2. Highlight "I am the smallest."
3. Choose Format > Font from the menu.
4. Choose the Font tab.
5. Type 8 in the Size field, or click 8 in the box below the Size field.
6. Click OK.
7. Highlight "I am a little bigger."
8. Choose Format > Font from the menu.
9. Choose the Font tab.
10. Type 14 in the Size field, or click 14 in the box below the Size field.
11. Click OK.
12. Highlight "I am the biggest."
13. Choose Format > Font from the menu.
14. Choose the Font tab.
15. Type 24 in the Size field, or click 24 in the box below the Size field.
16. Click OK.
17. Your text should now look similar to the following:
"I am the smallest. I am a little bigger. I am the biggest."
Alternate Method -- Change Font Size by Using the Toolbar
1. Highlight:
"I am the smallest. I am a little bigger. I am the biggest."
2. Press Ctrl-spacebar to set the formatting back to the default.
3. Highlight "I am the smallest."
4. In the Font Size box
on the toolbar, type 8.
5. Press Enter.
6. Highlight "I am a little bigger."
7. In the Font Size box
8. Press Enter.
9. Highlight "I am the biggest."
Fonts
In Microsoft Word, you can change the font (the "family" of type you use for your text). This
feature is illustrated in the following exercise:
Change the Font - Using the Menu
1. Type the following:
Arial Courier Times New Roman
2. Highlight "Arial."
3. Choose Format > Font from the menu.
4. Choose the Font tab.
5. In the box below the Font field, click "Arial."
6. Click OK.
7. Highlight "Courier."
8. Choose Format > Font from the menu.
9. Choose the Font tab.
10. In the box below the Font field, click "Courier New."
11. Click OK.
12. Highlight "Times New Roman."
13. Choose Format > Font from the menu.
14. Choose the Font tab.
15. In the box below the Font field, click "Times New Roman."
16. Click OK.
17. Your text should now look similar to the following:
"Arial Courier Times New Roman"
Alternate Method -- Change the Font by Using the Formatting Toolbar
on the Formatting
on the Formatting
on the Formatting
2.
3.
4.
5.
Line Spacing
Line Spacing sets the amount of space between lines within a paragraph. Single spacing is the
default. The spacing for each line is set to accommodate the largest font on that line. If there are
smaller fonts on the line, there will appear to be extra space between lines where the smaller fonts
are located. At 1.5 lines, the Line Spacing is set to one-and-a-half times the single-space amount.
For double-spaced lines, the line spacing is set to two times the single-space amount.
First-Line Indent
This exercise demonstrates how you can indent the left side of the first line of your paragraph, as
in the following example.
Example -- First-line Indent
The first-line indent feature indents the first line of the paragraph. The amount of the indent is
specified in the By field. The remainder of the paragraph is indented by the amount specified in the
Indentation field.
Indentation
Indentation allows you to indent your paragraph from the left or right margin. The following
examples show different types of indentation.
Example -- Indentation
We will use this paragraph to illustrate several Word features. We will illustrate Space Before,
Space After, and Line Spacing. Space Before tells Word how much space to leave before the
paragraph. Space After tells Word how much space to leave after the paragraph. Line Spacing sets
the space between lines within a paragraph.
We will use this paragraph to illustrate some additional Word features. We will illustrate first-line
indent. With first-line indent, you can indent the first line of your paragraph. We will also look at
Indentation. Indentation enables you to indent from the left or right margins of your document.
Alignment
Microsoft Word gives you a choice of several types of alignment. Left-justified text is aligned on
the left side. It is the default setting.
Example -- Left-Justified
Sample Paragraph
This is a sample paragraph. It is used to illustrate alignment. Left-justified text is aligned on the
left. Right-justified text is aligned on the right. Centered text is centered between the left and right
margins. You can use Center to center your titles. Justified text is flush on both sides.
Right-justified text is aligned on the right side.
Example -- Right-Justified
Sample Paragraph
This is a sample paragraph. It is used to illustrate alignment. Left-justified text is aligned on the
left. Right-justified text is aligned with on the right. Centered text is centered between the left and
right margins. You can use Center to center your titles. Justified text is flush on both sides.
Centered text is centered between the left and right margins.
Example -- Centered
Sample Paragraph
This is a sample paragraph. It is used to illustrate alignment. Left-justified text is aligned on the
left. Right-justified text is aligned with on the right. Centered text is centered between the left and
right margins. You can use Center to center your titles. Justified text is flush on both sides.
Justified text is flush on both sides.
Example -- Justified
Sample Paragraph
This is a sample paragraph. It is used to illustrate alignment. Left-justified text is aligned on the
left. Right-justified text is aligned with on the right. Centered text is centered between the left and
right margins. You can use Center to center your titles. Justified text is flush on both sides.
The following exercises demonstrate how to justify text.
Left-Justify
1. Highlight the first paragraph you typed, beginning with "We will use" and ending with
"within a paragraph."
2. Choose Format > Paragraph from the menu.
3. Choose the Indents and Spacing tab.
4. Click to open the Alignment pull-down menu.
5. Click Left.
6. Click OK. The paragraph is now left-aligned.
Alternate Method -- Right-Justify by Using Keys
Hanging Indent
The hanging indent feature indents each line except the first line by the amount specified in the By
field, as shown in the example.
Example: Hanging Indent
Hanging Indent:
Cut text is removed from its original location and placed on the Clipboard to be pasted. Up to 24
items can be stored on the Clipboard. For instruction on how to use the Clipboard, see Using the
Clipboard.
1. Select the text you wish to move
2. From the Edit menu, select Cut
OR
From the Standard toolbar, click CUT
OR
Press [Ctrl] + [X]
The text is removed from your document and temporarily stored on the Clipboard.
3. Place the insertion point where you would like to move the text
4. From the Edit menu, select Paste
OR
From the Standard toolbar, click PASTE
OR
Press [Ctrl] + [V]
OR
In the Clipboard task pane, click the item you want pasted
The desired text is cut and pasted to the new location.
Choose Format > Tabs from the menu. The Tabs dialog box opens.
Enter 1" in the Default Tab Stops field.
Click OK.
Press the Tab key a few times. Note how the cursor moves across the page. The cursor
stops at every inch.
You can also set up custom tab stops. To set your tab stops to 1.5", 3.5", and 6":
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Choose Format > Tabs from the menu. The Tabs dialog box opens.
Enter 1.5" in the Tab Stop Position field.
Click Set.
Enter 3.5 in the Tab Stop Position field.
Click Set.
Enter 6 in the Tab Stop Position field.
Click OK.
Press the Tab key a few times. Note how the cursor moves across the page.
Examples -- Bulleting
2.
3.
4.
5.
To remove bulleting:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Printing
After you have finished typing your document, you will want to print it. While preparing to print,
you can specify the number of copies you want and the pages you want to print.
Exercise 3 -- Print Your Document
1. Choose File > Print from the menu.
2. Click OK.
Alternate Method - Printing by Using the Icon
Click the Print icon
The Clipboard is an area that stores cut or copied items before they are pasted. Every Office 2003
program uses the same Clipboard, which is housed in the Task Pane. The Clipboard can hold up to
24 items. Once items are cut or copied, they are automatically saved to the Clipboard.
NOTE: Information on the Clipboard can be pasted multiple times; however, when the Clipboard
contains 24 items and another item is cut or copied, the oldest item on the Clipboard is removed.
To view the Clipboard:
1. From the View menu, select Task Pane
2. From the Other Task Panes pull-down list, select Clipboard
The Clipboard task pane appears.
Keyboard Shortcuts
Keyboard shortcuts make quick navigation in your Office documents possible. Instead of using the
mouse, you can press keys to perform the same actions. Keyboard shortcuts exist for virtually
every navigational and managing option in Office 2003. This document will provide instructions
on the most common and useful shortcuts.
File Operations
Edit Operations
Selecting Text
Undo and Redo Operations
Current File Navigation
File Navigation
Opening Quick Menus
Additional Keyboard Shortcuts
File Operations
Some of the most common operations used in Office include opening, closing, saving, and
printing. Because these operations are used so commonly, using the keyboard shortcuts can
simplify and speed up the process. The following table provides the action and the shortcut key
command needed to perform each action.
NOTE: Notice that at the beginning of certain keyboard shortcuts, a red arrow appears ( ),
signifying the popularity of that particular shortcut.
Action
Key Command
Open a file
[Ctrl] + [O]
Close a file
[Ctrl] + [W]
Save a file
[Ctrl] + [S]
Print a file
[Ctrl] + [P]
Edit Operations
Editing operations such as cut, copy, paste, and check spelling are also used frequently. Rather than
spending time searching the file or quick menus for these editing options, you can save time using
the shortcut key operations.
Action
Key Command
Cut
[Ctrl] + [X]
Copy
[Ctrl] + [C]
Paste
[Ctrl] + [V]
Check spelling
[F7]
Selecting Text
In order to format text, it must be selected. You can navigate around the document and select
appropriate text with shortcut keys, rather than highlighting using the mouse. These key commands
allow you to select as much or as little text as you need.
Action
Key Command
Select all
[Ctrl] + [A]
[Shift] + [End]
[Shift] + [Home]
Key Command
[Ctrl] + [Z]
[Ctrl] + [Y]
[Esc]
Action
Key Command
[Left Arrow]
[Right Arrow]
[Up Arrow]
[Down Arrow]
[End]
[Home]
[Page Up]
[Page Down]
Ctrl] + [End]
File Navigation
Using keyboard shortcuts, you can open and navigate through other files from the Open dialog
box.
1. To open a file, press [Ctrl] + [O]
The Open dialog box appears.
2. To get to major sections of the dialog box (e.g., text boxes, pull-down menus, and buttons),
press [Tab]
3. Navigate through each individual section by pressing the [Left Arrow], [Right Arrow],
[Up Arrow], or [Down Arrow] keys
4. When your file is found or the appropriate option is set, press [Enter] from any area of the
dialog box
5. To cancel operation and close dialog box, press [Esc]
the Quick menu without clicking the mouse at all. Once the Quick menu appears, use the arrow
keys to navigate through the menu options.
1. Place the insertion point within the desired text or select the desired object
2. To open the appropriate Quick menu, press [Shift] + [F10]
NOTE: Some keyboards have one key you can press to access the Quick menu from any
application.
The Quick menu appears.
3. To select the appropriate Quick menu option, press the [Up Arrow] or [Down Arrow] keys
4. To choose a menu option, once it is selected, press [Enter]
5. To close the Quick menu, press [Esc]
Key Command
[Alt] + [F]
[Alt] + [E]
[Alt] + [V]
[Alt] + [I]
[Alt] + [O]
[Alt] + [T]
[Alt] + [A]
[Alt] + [W]
[Alt] + [H]
Key Command
[Down Arrow]
[Up Arrow]
[Left Arrow]
[Esc]
Using ScreenTips
ScreenTips show information about toolbar buttons and menu commands viewed on the screen.
ScreenTips are helpful if you are unsure about the function of a specific command or button. This
mouseover function allows you to view a brief description of the function of any button on a
toolbar. You can also configure Office 2003 to show you keyboard shortcuts within ScreenTips.
Activating ScreenTips
Viewing ScreenTips
Activating ScreenTips
1. From the Tools menu, select Customize...
The Customize dialog box appears.
2. Select the Options tab
3. In the Other section, select Show ScreenTips on toolbars
4. OPTIONAL: To display keyboard shortcuts in ScreenTips, select Show shortcut keys in
ScreenTips
5. Click CLOSE
The ScreenTips function for toolbar buttons is now activated.
Viewing ScreenTips
Correcting Spelling
When the dictionary recognizes a word as misspelled, the word is underlined with a wavy red line.
You can correct misspelled text through the Quick menu or through a dialog box. For words that
are often misspelled or mistyped, you may use AutoCorrect to automatically correct the mistakes
as they are typed.
For information on correcting grammar, refer to Word 2003: Working with Grammar Check.
Action
Spelling
Suggestions
Ignore All
Add to Dictionary
AutoCorrect
Language
Spelling...
Opens the Spelling and Grammar dialog box, which allows you to
change the misspelled word.
Action
Changes the word in the current document and continues to make this
correction in the future.
3. When Spell Check is complete, in the dialog box that appears, click OK
3. Click NEXT
The Remove Hidden Data Tool Setup dialog box refreshes.
4. OPTIONAL: For the location to Install Remove Hidden Data Tool to, if not already
indicated, navigate to C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Remove Hidden Data Tool\
5. Click INSTALL
The Remove Hidden Data Tool Setup dialog box appears stating it was installed
successfully.
6. Click OK
The first time that you open your converted document, a dialog box will appear asking if you want
to open your document as read-only.
If you choose YES, your document will open in read-only format. If you decide that you want to
make any changes after you have already selected read-only, you may want to close the document
and reopen it.
If you choose NO, your document will open and you can then proceed in making any revisions to
it. You will need to save your document after the revisions are completed.
Additional Considerations
If you send your new converted file as an attachment, the person who receives it will be prompted
in the same manner to open the document as a read-only file or to save it. On the other hand, if you
post your document on Desire2Learn, the user can freely open the document.
After going through the process of Removing Hidden Data, you may decide to make more changes
on the original document or converted document, or you may want to track your changes. Your
document will then need to be stripped again by repeating the steps for Removing Hidden Data.
Button
Action
Auto Tile
Tiles the work area and the Help dialog box so they do not overlap
Untile
Untiles the work area and the Help dialog box so they overlap
Back
Forward
5. Use the toolbar buttons to change views, navigate, and print information about your topic
6. When finished, to close the Help dialog box, click the X in the top right corner
2. To find out more about the listed dialog box features, click the appropriate link(s)
Information about your selection(s) appears in the Microsoft Office Help dialog box.
3. When finished, in the upper right corner of the Microsoft Office Help dialog box, click the
X
2. In the text box, type a question, word, or phrase that describes your topic
3. Click SEARCH
The search results appear in the Help task pane.
4. Select the desired search result
The Microsoft Office Help dialog box appears.
5. Use the toolbar buttons to change views, navigate, and print information about your topic
6. When finished, to close the Help dialog box, click the X in the top right corner
To turn off Office Assistant:
1. From the Help menu, select Hide the Office Assistant
The Office Assistant disappears.
Workshops
Additional Documentation
Workshops
Additional Documentation
Office 2003 programs provide extensive help within each program. These instructions assume that
you have the Office Assistant turned off.
3. In the Search for text box, type a word or phrase for your topic
4. Click START SEARCHING
Results matching your search term(s) appear.
5. Select a topic by clicking it once
The Microsoft (program name) Help dialog box appears with the topic displayed.
6. When done, close the Microsoft (program name) Help dialog box and Help task pane.
5. From the Commands tab, in the Categories scroll box, select the desired category of
commands
EXAMPLE: Select Insert
6. From the Commands scroll box, drag the desired commands onto the new toolbar window
NOTES:
Release the mouse button when an "I" shaped bar appears on the new toolbar.
6. In the Word text box, type the word you want to add
7. Click ADD
The word has been added to the custom dictionary.
8. Click OK until all dialog boxes are closed
Name
Function
Select
Insert Picture
More Contrast
Less Contrast
More
Brightness
Less
Brightness
Crop Tool
Line Style
Set
Transparent
Color
Text Tool
Text Box
Restore
Auto
Thumbnail
Position
Absolutely
Rotate Left
Rotate Right
Color
Bevel
Resample
Rectangular
Hotspot
Circular
Hotspot
Polygon
Hotspot
Highlight
Hotspots
2. In the Search for text box, type keywords related to the Clip Art you desire
3. Click GO
In the Results section, a list of images appears.
4. Click the image you want to insert
The Clip Art is now inserted into the document.
5. OPTIONAL: Repeat steps 2-4 as necessary
3. In the Collection List section, click the plus sign before Office Collections
A list of Clip Art categories appears.
4. Select a category
In the right half of the window, a list of Clip Art appears.
HINT: A plus sign indicates subfolders (more specific categories).
5. Move the pointer over the desired piece of Clip Art
7. Return to the document you are creating by closing Microsoft Clip Organizer
8. From the Edit menu, select Paste
The Clip Art appears in the document.
In Line with Text: the image is placed on the same line as the surrounding text
Square: text is wrapped squarely around the image
Tight: text is wrapped closely and completely around the image
Behind Text: the image is placed behind the text
In Front of Text: the image is in front of the text, blocking the text from view
Top and Bottom: the image is placed between lines of text
Through: text is wrapped closely around the image
Edit Wrap Points: you can select where you want the text to wrap around the
image
4. OPTIONAL: To deselect the Clip Art, click somewhere else in the document
4. In the text box, type keywords related to the desired type of clip art
5. Click GO
The search results appear.
6. Select the check box below the Clip Art you want to download
With each image selected, the toolbar is updated with the number of items selected.
OPTIONAL: To view the previous or next page of images, click the arrow buttons on the
right
Using WordArt
You can use WordArt to make display text (e.g., the heading of your document) more eyecatching. WordArt can be resized, moved, and edited to fit your needs.
Creating WordArt
Resizing WordArt
Moving WordArt
Editing WordArt
Creating WordArt
WordArt can be inserted through a button on the Drawing toolbar, the WordArt toolbar, or through
the Insert menu.
Accessing WordArt
1. From the View menu, select Toolbars Drawing or WordArt
Inserting WordArt
1. From the Drawing or WordArt toolbar, click INSERT WORDART
OR
From the Insert menu, select Picture WordArt...
The WordArt Gallery dialog box appears.
Resizing WordArt
WARNING: Be careful when resizing text so that you do not distort the letters excessively, making
them unreadable. Using side handles does not resize proportionally. To resize proportionally, use
the corner handles and hold down [Shift].
Moving WordArt
If the WordArt you have created is in the wrong place, the image can be easily moved.
1. Select the WordArt
2. From the WordArt toolbar, click TEXT WRAPPING
In Front of Text
Editing WordArt
To change the spelling or wording of the WordArt you have created, use the WordArt toolbar.
1. Select the appropriate piece of WordArt by clicking it once
The WordArt toolbar appears.
Editing WordArt
After creating WordArt, you can change its color and style to make it even more appealing. This
document includes instructions on the following topics that apply to Microsoft Excel, PowerPoint,
and Word:
Function(s)
Insert WordArt: Insert another WordArt object in any style.
Edit Text: Change the character formatting (font, size, bold,
italics) or text of WordArt.
WordArt Gallery: View the gallery to change an existing
WordArt style.
Format WordArt: Change the colors and lines, size, position,
or wrapping of WordArt, or add alternate text (for web use).
WordArt Shape: Mold your WordArt text into a shape.
Text Wrapping: Make text wrap around a WordArt object.
Available only in Word.
WordArt Same Letter Heights: Make lowercase and uppercase
letters the same height.
WordArt Vertical Text: Shift a horizontal word to a vertical
orientation and vice versa.
WordArt Alignment: Choose from the following options: Left
Align, Center, Right Align, Word Justify, Letter Justify, or
Stretch Justify.
One interesting effect WordArt allows you is to mold the text of the WordArt into a particular
shape.
1. Select the WordArt image
2. From the WordArt toolbar, click WORDART SHAPE
3. From the menu, select the shape that you want your text to be in
The WordArt shape adjusts.
Rotating WordArt
To slant or turn your straight, horizontal WordArt image, you can use the rotating tool. See FreeRotating for more detailed information.
NOTE: The text wrapping style for your WordArt must be something other than "in line" before
you can rotate it. For information on changing the text wrapping style, see Wrapping Text around
WordArt.
1. Select the WordArt image
2. From the Drawing toolbar, click DRAW Rotate or Flip Free Rotate
3. Position the mouse pointer over one of the green dots that appear at the corners or the top
of the text box
4. Click and drag the pointer to change the angle of the text box
5. Release the mouse button
The WordArt position adjusts.
6. To deselect free rotate, click outside the WordArt
This document gives instructions on how to access the Drawing toolbar and defines the toolbar
options available in Office 2003.
Icon
Tool Name
Use
Draw
Select Objects
AutoShapes
Line
Arrow
Rectangle
Oval
Text Box
Insert WordArt
Insert Diagram or
Organization Chart
Insert Clip Art
Fill Color
Line Color
Font Color
Line Style
Dash Style
Arrow Style
Shadow Style
3-D Style
Drawing Objects
Working with AutoShapes
Formatting AutoShapes
Working with Text in Objects
Drawing Objects
Office allows you to create simple shapes and objects with its built-in drawing tools. Once you
have drawn an object, you can format the object in several ways.
1. From the Drawing toolbar, click the tool for the object you want to draw
The Drawing toolbar appears.
If the Drawing toolbar is not visible, from the View menu, select Toolbars Drawing
2. Position your pointer where you want the object to start
3. Click and drag the pointer to where you want object to end
4. Release the mouse button
The shape appears.
Freeform
Scribble
1. From the Drawing toolbar, click AUTOSHAPES select Lines select the drawing tool
you want to use
2. If you select Curve, click and release the mouse button to begin your shape. As you draw,
click the mouse button to anchor a curve. To finish your drawing, double click.
If you select Freeform, click and release the mouse button to begin your shape. As you
draw, click the mouse button to anchor the endpoints of straight lines or click and drag the
mouse to draw curves - you can do both in one drawing. To finish your drawing, double
click.
If you select Scribble, click and drag the mouse to draw your shape. To finish your
drawing, release the mouse button.
To edit the custom shape:
You can use the same process to modify (i.e., change the appearance) and manipulate (i.e., change
the position) your drawing as you do with AutoShapes. However, Office features an additional
method, called Edit Points, to fine-tune the look of custom shapes. These allow you to reshape
small segments of your drawing.
1. Select your custom shape
2. From the Drawing toolbar, click DRAW
select Edit Points
Black dots, called Edit Points, will appear at various places in your shape.
3. Click and drag an Edit Point to make the desired changes
4. When you are finished editing your object, to turn off Edit Points, click anywhere on the
page
Formatting AutoShapes
Once you have created an object in your document, you can change its appearance by moving,
adjusting the size, and changing the color of the object. When selected, an object has "handles"
that can be used to stretch the object taller or shorter, wider or thinner, or proportionally larger or
smaller. You can also manipulate your objects several other ways, such as coloring them, shading
them, and adjusting them to fit text inside.
For more information on changing the size or color of autoshapes, refer to Modifying Objects. For
more information on moving autoshapes, refer to Manipulating Objects.
Description
Formatting Text
Formatting text within a text box follows the same process as formatting any other type of text and
is completed using the Formatting toolbar.
Using the Fill Effects Dialog Box: This document includes instructions on adding a fill
color, gradient, or texture to your text boxes.
Modifying Objects: This document contains information on adding shadows and 3D effects
to your text boxes.
Manipulating Objects
Many times, documents have multiple objects; getting them all in the correct location can be
difficult. Knowing the ins and outs of manipulating objects will help you create a professionallooking document every time.
To learn how to modify object properties (e.g., color), see Modifying Objects.
Selecting Objects
Moving Objects
Nudging Objects
Ordering Objects
Aligning Objects
Rotating or Flipping Objects
Grouping Objects
Selecting Objects
When working with your project, you must select the objects you want to manipulate. To select an
object, simply click on it. Once an object is selected, you can order, duplicate, or group it.
To select multiple objects:
1. Hold down the [Shift] key
2. Click on each of the objects you want to work with
To deselect one of the objects:
1. Hold down the [Shift] key
2. Click the object you want to deselect
Moving Objects
1. Select the object
2. Click and drag the object to the desired position on your document
3. Release the mouse button
Nudging Objects
When you want your object to be "nudged," or moved just a little, you can choose one of two
available options. You can use the keyboard arrow keys to move the object, which is the fastest and
easiest way. Or, you can access the Nudge option through the Drawing toolbar.
Ordering Objects
Objects often must be ordered a certain way if they are to be visible. If you have overlapping
objects, each object can be sent to the back or brought forward. Ordering can be performed with
any object.
The example below walks you through the ordering process. This general example can be applied
to your specific case.
NOTE: In Publisher, these options are available from the Arrange menu.
1. Select the triangle (i.e., the object you wish to move)
Notice it is in the middle of the three layers.
2. On the Drawing toolbar, click DRAW select Order Bring Forward or Bring to Front
The triangle is brought to the front of the three layers.
NOTES: Using the Bring Forward option moves the object forward one layer.
Using the Bring to Front option moves the object to the first layer.
Aligning Objects
If you want to align multiple objects in your document, the align option will help you do so
quickly and easily.
NOTE: In Publisher, these options are available from the Arrange menu.
1. Select the objects you want to align
2. On the Drawing toolbar, click DRAW select Align or Distribute desired alignment
Grouping Objects
You may want your shapes to become one group if you want them to move as one or if you want to
apply the same formatting to all of them. Office gives you this option to group shapes together.
NOTE: In Publisher, these options are available from the Arrange menu.
Grouping Objects
1. Select the object(s) you want in the group
2. On the Drawing toolbar, click DRAW select Group
The handles for the individual objects disappear and handles appear around the group of
objects.
3. Make any necessary changes to the group of objects
Ungrouping Objects
1. Select the group by clicking on one of the groups objects
2. On the Drawing toolbar, click DRAW select Ungroup
Regrouping Objects
1. On the Drawing toolbar, click DRAW select Regroup
The handles reappear around the most recently ungrouped group.
Hints for Grouping, Ungrouping, and Regrouping
A quick way to group and ungroup objects is to use the shortcut menu that appears when
you select the group and click the right mouse button
To work with an individual object after you have ungrouped the objects, first click outside
the groups selection rectangle to cancel the selection, and then click the object.
If you open a dialog box to change an object attributefor example, the Format Object
dialog box to change a colorand you do not see an option selected, it may be because the
group of objects you have selected has a variety of fill colors.
Modifying Objects
Once you have created an object, you can change its appearance to meet your design needs by
resizing, shading, adding shadows, and/or creating 3-D effects. This document will show you how
to use all of these Office drawing options. To learn how to access the Drawing toolbar, see Office
Drawing Toolbar.
Resizing Objects
Reshaping AutoShapes
Coloring Objects
Adding Shadows
Adding 3-D Effects
Resizing Objects
1. Select the shape that you want to adjust
2. Click and drag a handle until the shape is the size you want
HINT: To maintain the shape's width-to-height ratio, hold down [Shift] while you drag the
corner handle.
3. Once your shape has reached the desired size, release the mouse button
Reshaping AutoShapes
Some AutoShapes appear with a yellow diamond(s). If your shape has one or more, you can use a
diamond to change the width, rotation, or parts of your shape without affecting its overall size.
Here are some examples of how the yellow diamond works:
Before
Before
After
After
Coloring Objects
Once you have drawn objects using the drawing tools or selected a shape from the AutoShape
menu, you can enhance them with color. There are two ways to add color to your object: use the
FILL COLOR and LINE COLOR buttons on the Drawing toolbar, or use the Format AutoShape
dialog box.
An even more customized look can be obtained by adding a gradient, pattern, texture, or picture as
fill for your object. You can do this by using the Fill Effects dialog box.
Adding Shadows
You can add a shadow to any object. The size, direction, and color of shadows can also be
modified to fit your needs.
NOTE: You can enhance objects by adding 3-D or shadow effects. You may add one or the other to
any object, but not both.
1. Select the object or group of objects you want to shadow
2. From the Drawing toolbar, click SHADOW STYLE
3. From the Shadow pull-down list, select the desired shadow effect
Customizing Shadows
1. Select the object or group of objects you want to customize
2. From the Drawing toolbar, click SHADOW STYLE
Customizing 3-D
1. Select the object or group of objects you want to customize
2. From the Drawing toolbar, click 3-D
3. From the 3-D pull-down list, select 3-D Settings...
The 3-D Settings toolbar appears.
3. Under the Colors section, select One color, Two colors, or Preset
Your selection will determine further options available to you.
4. If you selected One color, use the Dark/Light scroll bar to adjust the darkness and lightness
of the gradient
If you selected Two colors, from the Color 1 and Color 2 pull-down lists, select the other
colors you want to use
If you selected Preset, from the Preset colors pull-down list, select a preset color
combination
5. Under the Shading styles section, select your style option
Variants of your shading style appear in the Variants section.
6. From the Variants section, select the style you prefer
Your selection appears as the Sample.
7. When satisfied with your selections, click OK
8. Click OK
Adding Texture
You may decide that you want to add texture to your color. You can choose from the Office preset
textures or use a graphic file that you have downloaded or created.
7. Click OK
Adding a Pattern
Office offers 48 patterns to fill your object. You may choose the background and foreground
colors.
1. Access the Fill Effects dialog box
2. Select the Pattern tab
8. Click OK
Adding a Picture
Office gives you the option of filling your object with an image that you have downloaded or
created.
1. Access the Fill Effects dialog box
2. Select the Picture tab
Tables
This lesson will teach you how to create tables. You use tables to format all or part of your
document into columns and rows. Each exercise in this lesson is dependent on your having
completed the exercise that preceded it. Complete the exercises in sequence. To begin this lesson,
open Microsoft Word.
Creating a Table
To create a four-column, five-row table:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Choose Table > Insert > Table from the menu. The Insert Table dialog box opens.
Type 4 in the Number of Columns field.
Type 5 in the Number of Rows field.
Select Auto in the Column Width field. Selecting Auto allows Microsoft Word to determine
the size of your column widths. Alternatively, you can enter the column width you desire.
5. Click OK. Your table should look like the one shown here, with four columns and five
rows.
2. Highlight the number of rows and columns you need. The maximum table size you can
create by this method is a four-row by five-column table.
Salesperson
Dolls
Trucks
Puzzles
Kennedy, Sally
1327
1423
1193
White, Pete
1421
3863
2934
York, George
2190
1278
1928
Banks, Jennifer
1201
2528
1203
Right-Aligning Text
You learned about alignment in Lesson Five. In this exercise, you will right-align the second
(Dolls), third (Trucks), and fourth (Puzzles) columns of the table you created.
1. You need to highlight "Dolls," "Trucks," and "Puzzles." Place the cursor before the "D" in
"Dolls." Press the F8 key to anchor the cursor. Then press the right arrow key until you
have highlighted "Dolls," "Trucks," and "Puzzles."
2. Choose Table > Select > Column from the menu.
3. Press Ctrl-r to right-align the cells.
Your table should look like the one shown here. Make any needed corrections before continuing.
Note: All of the formatting options you learned about in previous lessons can be applied to cells in
a table.
Atwater, Kelly
4098
3079
2067
Pillar, James
5214
3247
5467
Alternate Method -- Resizing Your Column Widths by Using the Width Indicator
You can resize your column widths by placing the cursor on the line that separates two columns.
This causes the width indicator to appear. After the width indicator appears, left-click and drag
with the mouse to adjust the column width.
Salesperson
Region
Dolls
Trucks
Puzzles
Kennedy, Sally
1327
1423
1193
White, Pete
1421
3863
2934
Pillar, James
5214
3247
5467
York, George
2190
1278
1928
Banks, Jennifer
1201
2528
1203
Atwater, Kelly
4098
3079
2067
Sorting a Table
With Microsoft Word, it is easy to sort the data in your table. To sort your table data by Region and
within Region by Salesperson in ascending order:
1. Click anywhere on your table.
2. Choose Table > Sort from the menu.
3. Select Region in the Sort By field.
4. Select Text in the Type field (because you are sorting text).
5. Select Ascending.
6. Select Salesperson in the Then By field.
7. Select Text in the Type field (because you are sorting text).
8. Select Ascending.
9. Select Header Row (because your table has titles across the top of the table).
10. Click OK.
Microsoft Word should have sorted your table like the one shown here:
Salesperson
Region
Dolls
Trucks
Puzzles
Pillar, James
5214
3247
5467
White, Pete
1421
3863
2934
Atwater, Kelly
4098
3079
2067
Banks, Jennifer
1201
2528
1203
Kennedy, Sally
1327
1423
1193
York, George
2190
1278
1928
Place your cursor in the cell located on the last row in the last column.
Press the Tab key to create a new row.
Type Total in the cell on the bottom row in the Salesperson column.
Move to the Dolls column.
Deleting a Column
You can delete columns from your table. To delete the Trucks column:
1. Place your cursor anywhere in the Trucks column.
2. Choose Table > Delete> Columns from the menu.
Deleting a Row
You can delete rows from your table. To delete the York, George row:
1. Place your cursor anywhere in the York, George row.
2. Choose Table > Delete > Rows from the menu.
Recalculate
Unlike a spreadsheet, Microsoft Word does not automatically recalculate every time you make a
change to the table. To cause a function to recalculate, you must first move to the cell that contains
the function and then press the F9 key. Alternatively, you can move to the cell that contains the
function, right-click, and select Update Field from the context menu. Because you deleted a row in
the previous exercise, your calculations are now incorrect. To recalculate:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Note: The context menu is a useful tool. When you right-click, Microsoft Word supplies you with
a list of menu choices. You can execute a command by selecting an option from the context menu.
Merge Cell
Using Microsoft Word, you can merge cells -- turn two or more cells into one cell. In this exercise,
you are going to create a new row at the top of your table, merge the cells, and add a title to the
table.
1. Move to the cell located on the first row of the first column of your table (the Salesperson
cell).
2. Choose Table > Insert > Rows Above from the menu.
3. Choose Table > Merge Cells from the menu.
4. Type Toy Sales in the new cell.
5. Press Ctrl-e to center the title.
Table Headings
If Microsoft Word splits your table with a page break, the table heading will display on the first
page but not on subsequent pages. To correct this problem, you can designate rows as headings.
Heading rows are repeated on the top of your table at the top of each page. To designate a row as a
heading:
1. Place your cursor on the row.
2. Choose Table > Heading Rows Repeat from the menu.
Splitting a Table
With Microsoft Word, splitting a single table into two tables is easy. To separate the table you just
created into two tables:
1. Place your cursor anywhere on the row that reads "Name, Age, Sex."
2. Choose Table > Split Table from the menu.
You should now have two tables.
Table AutoFormat
You can use AutoFormats to apply borders, shading, special fonts, and color to your table.
Microsoft Word lists all Formats in the Table AutoFormat dialog box. While in the Table
AutoFormat dialog box, click a format to see that format displayed in the Preview box. You can
customize how the format is applied. Check the features you want in the Formats to Apply and the
Apply Special Formats To frames. Microsoft Word comes with a long list of AutoFormats.
To apply an AutoFormat to your Name, Age, and Sex table:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. Click Apply.
Your table should look like the one shown here.