Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Physical Constants
SI Prefixes for Units
Conversion Factors
Periodic Table
Ionization Energies
Atomic Orbital Ionization Energies
Electronegativity and Electron Affinity
Bond Dissociation Energies
Average Bond Energies
Enthalpies of Formation
Acid Dissociation Constants
Gas Solubility Constants
Solubility Product Constants
Specific Heat
Electrochemistry, half cell potentials
Log Table
Compiled by Prof. Pawan Babel, Head of Chemistry Dept, Vidyalankar classes n Publication.
Emai : pawanbabel@gmail.com, Mob: 9819035792
Physical Constants
Constant
Symbol
Value
Avogadro's number
Boltzmann constant
Faraday's constant
96.485 kJ/volt
96,485 C/mol
Gas constant
Planck's constant
6.62608 x 10-34 J s
Speed of light
Prefix
Symbol
10n
Decimal
Short scale
Long scale
yotta
1024
1000000000000000000000000
Septillion
Quadrillion
zetta
1021
1000000000000000000000
Sextillion
Trilliard
exa
1018
1000000000000000000
Quintillion
Trillion
peta
1015
1000000000000000
Quadrillion
Billiard
tera
1012
1000000000000
Trillion
Billion
giga
109
1000000000
Billion
Milliard
mega
106
1000000
Million
kilo
103
1000
Thousand
hecto
102
100
Hundred
deca
da
101
10
Ten
100
One
deci
10-1
0.1
Tenth
centi
10-2
0.01
Hundredth
milli
10-3
0.001
Thousandth
10-6
0.000001
Millionth
micro
nano
10-9
0.000000001
Billionth
Milliardth
pico
10-12
0.000000000001
Trillionth
Billionth
femto
10-15
0.000000000000001
Quadrillionth
Billiardth
atto
10-18
0.000000000000000001
Quintillionth
Trillionth
zepto
10-21
0.000000000000000000001
Sextillionth
Trilliardth
yocto
10-24
0.000000000000000000000001
Septillionth
Quadrillionth
Compiled by Prof. Pawan Babel, Head of Chemistry Dept, Vidyalankar classes n Publication.
Emai : pawanbabel@gmail.com, Mob: 9819035792
Conversion Factors
work:
joule
1 J = 9.869 x 10-3 L
atm 1000 J = 1 kJ
1018 J = 1 EJ
(exajoule)
mass/energy
Joule
1 J = 1 kg m-2 s-2
work
electron volt
eV
1 eV = 1.1602 x 1019
J
cal
1 cal = 4.184 J
1000 cal= 1 kcal
BTU
1 BTU = 1.055 kJ
heat:
calorie
heat:
British
thermal unit
power:
watt
other
kilowatt
hours
kWh
1/wavelength of electromagnetic
radiation
1 cm-1 = 0.01196
kJ/mol
other
wavenumber
other
Hertz
s-1, Hz
frequency of electromagnetic
radiation
mass
atomic mass
unit
amu
mass of proton
1.6605 x 10-27 kg
101.325 kilopascals
760 torr (mm Hg)
14.7 psi
1.01325 bar
pressure
atmosphere
cm
-1
atm
Temperature:
1. Farenheit
Water freezes at 32 deg F and boils at 212 deg F (at 1 atm).
2. Celsius or centigrade
Water freezes at 0 deg C and boils at 100 deg C (at 1 atm).
(Tdeg C x 9/5) + 32 = Tdeg F
3. Kelvin
This is the absolute scale. At 0 K, molecular motion is zero. TK = Tdeg C + 273.15
Compiled by Prof. Pawan Babel, Head of Chemistry Dept, Vidyalankar classes n Publication.
Emai : pawanbabel@gmail.com, Mob: 9819035792
Periodic
Table
Compiled by Prof. Pawan Babel, Head of Chemistry Dept, Vidyalankar classes n Publication.
Emai : pawanbabel@gmail.com, Mob: 9819035792
Ionization Energies
Electron configuration
Ionization Reaction
[He]2s1
Li
[He]2s2
Be
[He]2s22p1
B+ + e-
800 kJ/mol
[He]2s22p2
C+ + e-
1090 kJ/mol
[He]2s22p3
N+ + e-
1400 kJ/mol
Li+ + e-
Be+ + e-
Energy Required
520 kJ/mol
899 kJ/mol
[He]2s22p4
O+ + e-
1310 kJ/mol
[He]2s22p5
F+ + e-
1680 kJ/mol
[He]2s22p6
Ne
Ne+ + e-
2080 kJ/mol
Compiled by Prof. Pawan Babel, Head of Chemistry Dept, Vidyalankar classes n Publication.
Emai : pawanbabel@gmail.com, Mob: 9819035792
Compiled by Prof. Pawan Babel, Head of Chemistry Dept, Vidyalankar classes n Publication.
Emai : pawanbabel@gmail.com, Mob: 9819035792
F + e-
F-
-328 kJ/mol
Cl + e-
Cl-
-349 kJ/mol
Br + e-
Br-
-324 kJ/mol
I + e-
I-
-295 kJ/mol
Here is a periodic table that includes the electron affinities. Note that the
numbers are in kJ of energy released and should be negative numbers. By
convention, energy added to a system has a positive value and energy released
from a system has a negative value.
Compiled by Prof. Pawan Babel, Head of Chemistry Dept, Vidyalankar classes n Publication.
Emai : pawanbabel@gmail.com, Mob: 9819035792
O2
498 kJ/mol
ON-O
300 kJ/mol
O3
364 kJ/mol
O2N-O
190 kJ/mol
HO-OH
142 kJ/mol
Cl-Cl
253 kJ/mol
HO-H
459 kJ/mol
H2N-NH2
160 kJ/mol
H3C-H
435 kJ/mol
N2
941 kJ/mol
kJ/mol
molecule
kJ/mol
molecule
kJ/mol
molecule
kJ/mol
HF
565
NN
160
ICl
208
CC
839
HCl
427
NF
272
IBr
175
O=O
495
HBr
363
NCl
200
C=O in CO2
799
C=O
745
HI
295
NBr
243
SH
347
CO
1072
NO
201
SF
327
N=O
607
CH
413
OH
467
SCl
253
N=N
418
CC
347
OO
146
SBr
218
NN
941
CN
305
OF
190
SS
266
CN
891
CO
358
OCl
203
C=N
615
CF
485
OI
234
C=C
614
CCl
339
SiH
393
CBr
276
FF
CI
240
CS
259
SiSi
340
154
SiC
360
FCl
253
SiO
452
FBr
237
ClCl
239
ClBr
218
BrBr
193
Enthalpies of Formation
molecule
kJ/mol
molecule
kJ/mol
molecule
kJ/mol
249.17
O3
142.7
H2O(g)
-241.82
H2O(l)
-286
H2O2(l)
-187.78
217.97
472.70
NO(g)
90.25
N2O(g)
82.05
NO2(g)
33.18
NO3(g)
78.9
HNO3(g)
-124.2
SO2(g)
-296.83
SO3(g)
-395.72
H2SO4
-719
H2S(g)
-20.63
SF4(g)
-753.0
SF6(g)
-1209
Cl
121.68
HCl(g)
-92.31
HOCl
-71.5
ClO2(g)
99.0
C(g)
716.68
CO(g)
-110.53
CO2(g)
-393.51
CH4
-78.81
CH3
145.69
C2H6
-84.68
C2H4
52.26
C2H2
226.73
C3H8
-82.4
C3H6
52.3
C4H10
-126.5
1-butene
C4H8
20.4
butadiene
C4H6
175.8
C5H12
-114.9
C6H14
-130.1
CH3OH
-190.1
CH3CH2OH
-217.1
CH2O
-104.9
glucose
C6H12O6
-1271
sucrose
C12H22O11
-2226
ribose
C5H10O5
-1051
arabinose
C5H10O5
-1058
HA + H2O
H+(aq) + A-(aq)
Name
Formula
pKa
Perchloric acid
HClO4
-10
Hydroiodic acid
HI
-10
Hydrobromic acid
HBr
-9
Hydrochloric acid
HCl
-7
Hydrofluoric
HF
3.17
Sulfuric acid
H2SO4
-3
pKa = -log Ka
Bisulfate ion
HSO3-
1.99
Nitric acid
HNO3
-1.5
Trifluoroacetic acid
CF3C(O)OH
0.5
Fluoroacetic acid
CFH2C(O)H
2.6
Trichloroacetic acid
CCl3C(O)OH
0.77
Dichloroacetic acid
CCl2HC(O)OH
1.25
Chloroacetic acid
CClH2C(O)OH
2.86
Benzoic acid
PhC(O)OH
4.2
Formic acid
HC(O)OH
3.75
Acetic acid
CH3C(O)OH
4.8
Phenol
PhOH
10.0
Water
H2O
15.7
Hydronium
H3O+
-1.7
Methanol
CH3OH
15.5
Ethanol
CH3CH2OH
15.9
1-methylethanol
(CH3)2CHOH
17.1
1,1-dimethylethanol
(CH3)3COH
18
Hydrogen sulfide
H2S
7.0
Ammonium
NH4+
9.24
Ammonia
NH3
38
Protonated acetone
(CH3)2C=O-H+
-7
Carbonic acid
H2CO3
3.6
HCO3-
Bicarbonate ion
10.3
Compiled by Prof. Pawan Babel, Head of Chemistry Dept, Vidyalankar classes n Publication.
Emai : pawanbabel@gmail.com, Mob: 9819035792
Carbonic, H2CO3
Ka
pKa
1st
4.5 x 10-7
6.35*
2nd
4.7 x 10-11
10.33
1st
9.5 x 10-8
7.02
2nd
1.0 x 10-19
19.0
1st
7.1 x 10-3
2.15
2nd
6.3 x 10-8
7.20
3rd
4.5 x 10-13
12.35
1st
large
2nd
1.2 x 10-2
1.92
1st
2.0 x 10-8
7.7
2nd
1.0 x 10-11
11.0
3rd
3.0 x 10-15
14.5
1st
1.2 x 10-2
1.92
2nd
6.6 x 10-8
7.18
1st
3.5 x 10-3
2.46
2nd
5.0 x 10-8
7.3
1st
3.0 x 10-3
2.5
2nd
2.0 x 10-8
7.7
1st
7.9 x 10-5
4.10
2nd
1.6 x 10-12
11.79
1st
7.1 x 10-4
3.15
2nd
1.7 x 10-5
4.77
3rd
6.4 x 10-6
5.19
Equation
calcium carbonate
CaCO3
calcium hydroxide
Ca(OH)2
Ksp
Ca+2 + CO32-
Ca+2 + 2 HO-
3.8 x 10-9
5.0 x 10-6
3 Ca+2 + 2 PO43-
1 x 10-26
calcium phosphate
Ca3(PO4)2
hydroxyapatite
Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
fluoroapatite
Ca5(PO4)3F
aluminum hydroxide
Al(OH)3
aluminum phosphate
AlPO4
Al3+ + PO43-
9.8 x 10-21
iron(II) carbonate
FeCO3
Fe+2 + CO3-2
3.1 x 10-11
iron(II) sulfide
FeS
5 Ca+2 + 3 PO43- + F-
1 x 10-36
1 x 10-60
3 x 10-34
Al3+ + 3 HO-
8 x 10-19
Fe+2 + S-2
Compiled by Prof. Pawan Babel, Head of Chemistry Dept, Vidyalankar classes n Publication.
Emai : pawanbabel@gmail.com, Mob: 9819035792
Specific Heat
1.01
copper
0.385
ethanol
2.44
hydrogen
14.3
silica
0.703
water
4.18
Compiled by Prof. Pawan Babel, Head of Chemistry Dept, Vidyalankar classes n Publication.
Emai : pawanbabel@gmail.com, Mob: 9819035792
Reductio Reaction
Potential, V
F2 + 2 e-
2 F-
2.87
Co+3 + e-
Co+2
1.82
H2O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e-
2 H2O
PbO2 + 4 H+ + SO42- + 2 e-
MnO4- + 4 H+ + 3 e-
PbO2 + 4 H+ + 2 e-
Cl2 + 2 e-
1.78
PbSO4 + 2 H2O
MnO2 + 2 H2O
Pb+2 + 2 H2O
2 Cl-
Cr2O72- + 14 H+ + 6 e-
1.69
1.68
1.46
1.36
2 Cr+3 + 7 H2O
1.33
O2 + 4 H+ + 4 e-
2 H2O
1.23
Ag+ + e-
Ag
0.800
Fe+3 + e-
Fe+2
0.77
I2 + 2 e-
2 I-
0.54
Cu+ + e-
Cu
0.52
Cu+2 + e-
Cu+
0.16
gluconic acid + 2 H+ + 2 e-
[Fe(CN)6]3- + e-
[Fe(CN)6]4-
glucose + H2O
0.050
0.436
2 H+ + 2 e-
H2
0.000
Pb+2 + 2 e-
Pb
-0.13
Ni+2 + 2 e-
Ni
-0.23
PbSO4 + 2 e-
H2O + e-
Zn+2 + 2 e-
Pb + SO42-
1/2 H2 + OH-
-0.35
-0.415
Zn
-0.76
CO2 + e-
CO2-
-1.84
Na+ + e-
Na
-2.71
Li+ + e-
Li
-3.04
Compiled by Prof. Pawan Babel, Head of Chemistry Dept, Vidyalankar classes n Publication.
Emai : pawanbabel@gmail.com, Mob: 9819035792