Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
0."
. 1 Aur;u.st 1969
':"
l
'; '
.,
, j
~'
Par;e
Chapter
1.
Introduct ion
2.
....
2'.1
Generalit ies . . . . . .
2.2
Definitions
....
2.2.2
Connection types
...
"
9
12
. . . . . '. ,. .
2.4.1
List of transactions
12
2. 11.?
H~ST-EOS7
11\
Imp]e~ntation
. . , .
2.2.1
User 'Pranaactdons
3~ 1
4
4
Message Structure
3.
. '.
19
in GORDO
Introduction to GORlX)
3.1.1
3.1.2
' GORro
l~
'. .
19
file syst em
19
GOPJD process
3.2
22
3.3
Softvrare Description . .
24
3.3.1
3.3.2
..
Data structures
24
3.3.1.1
Allocation t ables
211
3.3.1. 2
Buffer pages .
20
Progrm~
36
3.3 ..2.1
Handler
36
3.3.2.2
Net'.-:or k
37
.'
-PaCJ"e
>.).......
Soft\\'2.r~
3.4
3.4.1
Pr ocedure s
. . . . . . . . . .
Descri ption of
SOH~C
t ypical sequences
.Appe ndi x A:
i'
2 .
.....
40
..
..
~
1.
INl'RODUCl ' I ON
r.J.' his technical not e concentra t es upon (1) the HOST--Ho.,)rr pr oce dures
GOF-~:;O
(Opcra"cj ne;
an~
exchanging
rness age~.
It
rr.ess2~es.
[1.]
.
'
"
,"
,J " "
2.
2.1
HOS11-:I0S1'
PROCEDURES
Generalities
Tne basic ldea is that several users, "at a given BOSi', should
. simultaneously be able to utilize the network by time--sharing its physical
facilites.
'l'his implies that within each HOSr operating system, there must
exist a special prograu that multiplexes outgoing messages from the users
into the network and distributes Lricornl.ng messages to the appropriate users.
":e will call this spec.l.af program the j,let\'Jork progr-am.
.
"
2.2
2.2.1
Definitions
whose behavior is known but whose necharrisrrs are not - 'for .coITmuni ca t i n;:s;
me~sages
I~gical co~~ection~
(b)
Logical ljIli<s
~or
ClI'8
only interested
in
debugging purposes ,
Flirther on through this paper we "rill not use any more the
. attribute logical when referring either to links or- conncct tons ,
2.2.2
Connection types
In order- to reach a high .f l exi bi JJ.t y in utilizing the IJet\'lorx
(a)
Control connection
fro~
x HOsr , there
s
are
at most
one HOST.
est?blishment/deletion of standard
~onnections.
(See 2.4.2)
Note here that this control connect len is the only connection
which is ignored by the HOsr users.
Let us describe
(b)
nO~T
Primary connect.Lon
established.
Is Irtelctype-likel!, Le.:
+;
~'he
(c)
~hese
An aUXiliary
* Is
cor~ection:
t.rarmtssf.on.
1
>"
" -'
. <,
-"
..--1.
I
I
! 1-
! u)
I Q
~ -;:r:
it
'I'he HOS'l' comnoru.cate \"lith each other via m:;ssaf,ES. A message rna.y
s
vary 1n length up to 8G9:5 bits (See dcwn be low the structure) ~
Larger
link number.
(2)
A marklng
It mostly
(See
BUN report Ho , 1822, p , 17, 19.) e " A..c; far . as sot'tware is con
cer ned , padding is only invoived
de'l.Lneat.Lng mesaage ends.
9..
for
Remark:
.checkstml calculation:
/'
The last 16 bits of ever'y me ssage sent by a' HOSI' is a checksum.
clj1~' mD.r~dng,
but
86 110 bits.
2.
Section the 86 110 bits into 'six lIIlIO-bit segments , SO' Sr' .8 ,
3.
to' t 1
l{.
.... t
1G-bit e lerrent;s ,
89
defined by
t m@ t n = t m0 t n , if t m + t n < 2
:
t -(l t
= t ,@ t'
'm
216
+ 1
16
if t
'm
+ t
216
6.
to @ t 1 G) ...... '~89
Compute C'= Co () C1 d) cl
nu~ber
C is the
checksu~.
-10
are
rotated by i bits is
. .. . .:
:: ~
..
.'
. ' .. .:.
":.
~ :
' .'
. ~:
~~ -
bl \'L>:.
"
",",'
1 G. ) \t ' \y<", \' '".~ ('~)-'
. .
I.
':.
.:
V
3 2..
_.. -_._ -
_ _- ., - ~ ~
~ . _-
(J
"-"
- ' -'
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~I
~.
\1
0:J I
01
'.
_- . ~
.
,
~ "-- .
;,
~
I
~
~
M O~ Q~(C.
\S'
i
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vr ~
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. . I~'"
- . .'". .. . .
11
-:__
~
crr<..,LJ
M>.
'
(1'"2
i 1'1 _~
~.
. ;
2. 11
USCI'
1'ransQctiorr,
===--
From what has been dis cussed unt.l.I 11c1"o2, the Nett:;orl-:: appears to a
h O','1
these connections .
.First, we are going to describe the set of transactio~s that a
user should be able to access for ut lLi.zlng the connection fa.ciltties.
'Ihen ,
\'Ie
for~:i
Hcvever-,
this does not imply at all that the implercentation '.'lil1 closely follo\>[ this
pattern.
(He aremcr-e involved here ",nth the description than the i mple
2.4.1
Ltst of transactions
interface between the user level and the network progr-am level.
OPENPRIT1
CON?'iECl1:D:
(COi \rW~:GrrD,
Connect.Lon iccntific,:.tion f/
12
..
HOS'l'ID:
BlJF'FADDH:
OPT: Optlons
s~ch
as message
means optional
Connection identification i!
CONNEcrID:
NO: Connection #.
to "t he order in
it h as been established.
= 2,
BUFFJIDDR:
N:
= 1,
(TI1e fi rst
the second by
etc .') .
13
.,
.'
OPJ,';
, , (d )
Close connecti on
auxiJiaYj
2.4.2
connecti~1
U to be closed.
It
USe~3)
, conrle ct i ons and consists in exchanging control messages over the control
lin.l{,
nessage ; it only differs from it by the text vThich is for use by Network
He are
here at the Hosrr level (Network programs), and t herefore control mcsaagcs ,
that are going to be described b e Low, ar e transmitted , over the Inp
like
regular messases.
Consider nov, the previous t.ransactd.ons arid describe for e ach of
III
. e xplained by
Iil8 aTlS
of :trivia l ex aump l c s .
The HOsel' (x) 's Network program , waken up (See 3.3) by a use f or
opening a pr-Imary connection, s t ar-t s a di.a l.ogue with the HOS"T (y)' s Net\'lOrk
program.
(L)
Control link
HOST(x)
EKQ
PRIT1
1 2
ENQ:
PRIN:
012
Outgoing link #.
Control .1i nk
ACK:
. ENQ PKU1
a1
1 2.
. retlwned for
015
a1
HOS'l'(y)
ch~cking
purpos es.
15
by
t he HOa.i' (y ) Networ k
progr~m.
and 15
1;'01"
the lIOSrl'(x) user is able to s lgn-J.n into the HOS-f(y) oper-at ing system and
then to call for the liRSA program (HOST (y) user program) .
'l'he Network programs at both ends \'1ill use the link #12 and #15
for pass Ing along messages ,
HOS'l'(x)
S I G N HOST (x )
HOST(y)
- -- - )
I N
X X
HOsr(y)
REA D Y
HOST (x)
HOST(y)
U R S A
(c)
..
Control link
B~Q
Hosrr(x)
AUX 0 2 5
FJrq
AUX
16
HOST(y)
--;>
_
5 0 2' 1
-.,
HOSTey)
NOVI
the auxi l.turv conne c t ion i s e s t ablis hed, it \'1J11 us c Li nks 1.' 25 and 21
By neans of
TH!lj'J::'~':l
CO\!
X X
HOST(x)
etc
<
-
......
.....................
HOS'I'(y)
HOST(y)
---X
.
(e)
CLOSE subrout i ne and then the Hetwor k pr cgrams at bot h ends exchange
~ontrol me s sages.
HOS'l'(x)
Control Link
zor
1 0
HOS1'(y)
o1
C3
~_
HOST(y)
_ C_ontrol Link
ACK EOI'
o o
Remark 1 _. In (a), (c), and (e) HOS?( y) may answer- back a me s sage includinG
17
I~ Al<
inste ad of ACK.
Thi s f or
nm, where
Ij~l)
accepts it.
llosrr (y)
'
.. . ) are:> exch angecd over t'.ne s e l'J.,nJ cs .
pacId l.ng
..
18
,
!
3.
3.1
J:iI'IPIEMENrrA'.~ION
IiI GOEr))
Introduction t o GOnDO
so~~
G01100
3.1.1
file system
GOP.ro proce s s
'l'he space .a pi -ocess can refer to is the Vf.r -cual, Space of 128k word
length.
A part (~k)
or modify its par-t of the virtual sp ace upon "coup l.Ing '
19
(See be Icw:
this
Pir;ul'e 3 illustrates
coupling.
calls rc levant to
OLU"
'Ihe syatcm
paper are:
vlAKE
SLEEP
for putting
COUPLE
a~leep
space .
. A process ordinarily runs in slave mode.
directorles.
Remark: 'I'hr'ough tht.s note the words procecs and program are used inter-
changeab ly ,
20
an
- ........---..-- 2
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3.2
Software Grgan~.
z ation Overvi.e':'
- - - _ .------ _ ..-- - - -- -- -:::.-:
==:::::::::=:::---
Ff.gure 11
N~t\'/or~(
rr.e s s ~e s .
Its main function is to satisfy the us ers ' requests for opening!
e'l.os.lng connect.Lons and tram:mitting/re:cej.ving network messages
For so
doi ng,
it est.ab lf.shcs , identj_fies and breaks the linl-<s upon ,ll sj.n t.he
all ocat i on tables ( HCS'l', CON1,mc-f, IUPlJl' LINK; s ee 3 .3 .1.1 )
i t is
a':J2.!'8
This
22
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3. 3
Sof'twai-e Descr-Ipt.l.on
-:::.::...- ====-_
-:::-:::=:..== ==-=;:-...=.:.=.-==
3.3. J.
3.3. J..1
t e.b les:
-Al.LocatIon
--_._ ---- _.
HOST)
CONi~ECl')
- _ . ~- - - -- _ ._-~- - - - ~ . -
_..
n TPUrr LIi JK
_ - -- ---:- ~ - - --- - - -~
'Ine Network pr ogram est ablishes) identifIes) and br eaks links and
(See f'LgureS)
HOST t.ab l e
It has the
* Locatlon:
Disc re sident
virtual space.
outgoing Liriks to a
Access: - Indexir-8:.
24 .
*
*'
*
Location:
Disc resf.dent
Coupling:
*
*
Slot structure:
Size:
Access:
See figm.'e 6.
IndeXing.
see
Each slot is 2
V[OlU
Lengt.h
Specific feature l:
7).
Specific feature 2:
* Specific
feature 3:
3.3.2
(b) )
25 .
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Coupling:
Coupled t o the
* Si ze : As many slot s
* .Slot suructure : See
Acce s s:
Haslrl ng .
l\ct\'jo r~~
proce s s virtual s pa ce
'J'[i O
used
..3 . 11 the
.*
Se e
""Jay i t Is handled
#, i.e.,
--- ...;.-~- -- -
process l ng
nO','1
.,
to be de scribed contain t wo buf'f'er-s
r:~es saCe s.
The si ze of e2.c11 of t.he se buf'fe r'c should at Le aat be equ a'l to th2.::
'of a measage ; i. e., 8095 bi ts .
a buffer
s I ze of 253 wor ds
. (8096 bits) s o that both of the buf'f'er-s are :iJ 1c~udec1 \r:i.thj.Y1 ODe P2G8 (51 2
words) .
'l'he 6 r ema trrlng ~'ICrQS of t he p;).ge are ger:era.lly used for contr-ol .
A typical buf'f'ci- I18:;e st ruct.ure i s icJr::nti fl cc on fJ f~ur2
29
8.
(a)
See figure 9.
fJ.'his I/O CO,,:!TluJ1ication page is used as an inter-face between the
Handler and the Netv!ork program.
In the buffers of this page the mcsaages are assembled (input) or
de-assembled (output) word by
Main characteristics:
Location:
Locked page
Content:
* Input
burfel' (253
\'10roS)
. r or Incomtng messages
Structure :
See figure 9.
Specific f'eature :
* 'Ine
* Vice
General feqt ur 2s :
*. Tnere
.'
30
HaJi1 charact cd 0 tl c ~:
Coupling :
rc:sid.~:nt
.
.
Input buffer ( 253 wor ds) f or t r1Comi ng messages
Content:
- ' Out put buff e!' ( 253 words ) for 6utsoing messages
Input control zone .(6 half words )
Outpu t cont ro l zone ( 6 half' words )
* Speci flc
fea~;Ul'2
2:
tr
pr lr::?:r y
31
8XB
I '
;
i ;~
0. eade r ,
bu sy tra11srilitLins; a message to t he
83
s oon as i t i s fre e.
*
*
Loca tion:
Content:
Di sc rc;; idcnt
.Rem2.rk :
CJ.oi~gi ng
rL'Clo y
up t he syst. em,
the Ne t woz-k stor es rr:orr.entarl ly the Lnc omlng message in one of t he buffer
of the e me r ; ency r i ng . (If thi s r i ng is full a help r out Ine ~dll be
f .nvok ed, )
32
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General reatures :
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'l'l"'2J1smi.ssion C:U1d re
Main characteristics:
* Locat Ion:
Core resident.
* Initiation:
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f unctions:
* Fmpt.Le s
the output.
bllf~~r
.u pon tral1sr:lltting
36
word
"
'I'hi .s
t he lIosrr-JJ!lP hardvrare
- * \'}akes
General f eatur e s:
This pr-ogr am serves the us er f or ' operrlng/c I oai.ng connections and
t.r-ansml t t.tng/r-ecej.vf ng mcasages , ' It uses the Handler as a'1 aid
for intel'
Mcdn characteristics:
* 'Location:
, * lnitiatior:l:
For s o doing i t
to remote HOST
37
send ~
contr oJ
in order
i t then
(the messages
8.1.'0
It i s
The
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See I'Jgur-e
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38
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Sof'tware Pr-ocedures
at cached \-lith
A.
list below
s~ne t~~~cal
software
procedl~s.
.3 .II. i
Open a primarl_1iru~
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w~ces
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(See 2 .ll.. 2)
41
Let's see
n O\'1
what
recef.ving t he
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oo ,
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th
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[1J
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