Statsc

stat.
xls
2003, 2008, 2012 A. Azzolino
Follow instructions on page. Colored cells are self-computing

Page
intro
mean
Contents
Title & Contents
Computes mean of 5, 10, 20, 30 pieces of data.
deviation
Computes mean and standard deviation of three groups of 1

Computes the standard deviation of 10 numbers using the fo
z-score
Computes x-score or z-score or mean or standard deviation
stanine
Computes mean, standard deviation, and z-scores, and stan
P(z)
cum
Probabilities
notes
binomial
unemployment
random no w/samples
chi squared
Traditional use of z-scores and probability table.

Use a z-score and the spread sheet to compute some proba
TRADITIONAL PROBABILITY TABLE
Cumulative z-scores probability table.
Have the spreadsheet compute all the desired probabilities.

Compute: P(x<a), P(x>a), P(b<x<a), z-score or x-score give
for this shread sheet
some binomial distributions and a self-computing cell
record by US states for April 2012
random numbers generated in groups
complete a Chi Square GOF Test
prove normal
complete a Chi Square GOF Test to test for normality of obs
independent2sample
INDEPENDENT SAMPLES, complete a test on the difference
dependent2sample
2proportions
PAIRED SAMPLES, create a difference distribution

compare 2 proportions
correlation coefficient
cmplete a T-test on the strength of a linear correlation
& homogeneity of proportion
complete chi square test of independence of proportion or h
ANOVA
complete an Analysis of Variance test to see if 3 or more me
are self-computing. Enter data in other cells.
eces of data.
iation of three groups of 10 scores.

of 10 numbers using the formula displayed in table format.
mean or standard deviation of normal and standard normal scores.
on, and z-scores, and stanine for 30 pieces of data.
obability table.
t to compute some probability given a normal distribution.
the desired probabilities.

a), z-score or x-score given probabilities.
self-computing cell
o test for normality of observed distribution
te a test on the difference between 2 means
nce distribution
a linear correlation
ndence of proportion or homogeneity of proportions
est to see if 3 or more means are equal
1st: Enter the data, each x value.

2nd: (optional) Select all the data then Sort scores using the Sort Ascending or Sort Descending button.
3rd: The spreadsheet computes the mean, the arithmetic average, the sum of the numbers divided by the n
x
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
sum is
number of numbers is
mean is
x
99
3
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-1
123
10
Err:522
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
x
99
3
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
sum is
-54
20
mean is
2.85
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
99
3
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-13
-14
-15
-16
-17
-18
-19
-20
-21
sum is
-144
30
mean is
-3.60
ding or Sort Descending button.

um of the numbers divided by the number of numbers.
The standard deviation - the average spread of the data relative to the mean comp
1st:
2nd:
3rd:
4th:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Enter the data, each x value.

(optional) Select all the data then Sort scores using the Sort Ascending or Sort Descending button or
The spreadsheet computes the mean (arithmetic average) and the standard deviation (the average sp
Enter 10 pieces of data in the "pink column" and the standard deviation will be computed in table for
x
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
mean is 5.00
standard deviation is 0.00
x
0
2
4
4
5
5
6
6
8
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
mean is
standard deviation is
5.00
2.83
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
mean is
the square root of the varia
=IF(K87>1.75,9",IF(K87>1.25,"8",IF(K87>0.75,"7",IF(K87>0.25
=IF(g3>1,A",IF(g3>.25,"B",IF(g3>-0.25,"C",IF(g3>-1,"D","F"))))
Create a name to represent a formula or a constant
On the Insert menu, point to Name, and then click Define.
In the Names in workbook box, enter the name for the formula
In the Refers to box, type = (equal sign), followed by the form
ve to the mean computed in the usual way.
g or Sort Descending button or Data Menu.

ndard deviation (the average spread of data relative to the mean).
n will be computed in table form using the formula.
x
is a score or piece of data
x - mean
is the difference between the data and the mean
(x - mean) is the square of the difference (makes difference a distance)
x
0
0
0
4
5
5
6
10
10
10
5.00
4.11
-5
-5
-5
-1
0
0
1
5
5
5
(x - mean)
25
25
25
1
0
0
1
25
25
25
the sum of the (x - mean) is (x - mean) is
152
the value n-1, one less than 10 is
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
x - mean
0
0
0
4
5
5
6
10
10
10
mean is
5
(x - mean) (n-1) is 16.888889 is also called the variance.

the square root of the variance is s, the standard deviation, is 4.1096093
[n(x) - (x)]/[n(n-
the square root of the variance is the s
"8",IF(K87>0.75,"7",IF(K87>0.25,"6",IF(K87>-0.25,"5",IF(K87>-0.75,"4",IF(K87>-0.125,"3",IF(K87>-1.75,"2","1"))))))))
g3>-0.25,"C",IF(g3>-1,"D","F"))))
formula or a constant
Name, and then click Define.
ox, enter the name for the formula.
equal sign), followed by the formula or the constant value.
x
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
4
5
5
6
5
7
6
8
10
9
10
10
10
the sum x is x is
50
the squared of the sum of the(x) is
2500
the sum of the x is x is
n is
the value n-1 is
10
9
n(x) - (x) is
1520
n(n-1) is
90
[n(x) - (x)]/[n(n-1)] is the variance is 16.888889
e root of the variance is the standard deviation, s, is 4.1096093
x
0
0
0
16
25
25
36
100
100
100
402
Enter info in the white cells and the computation is completed in the yellow cells.
Compute z-score given x, mean, standard deviation.

x
mean st dev
z-score
6 3.00
2.00
1.50
Compute x (the data) given z-score, mean, standard deviation.

z-score mean st dev
x
1.5 3.00
2.00
6.00
ed in the yellow cells.
Stanine - Standard Nine intervals of scores, each with a width of .5 standard deviatio
Step 0:
name
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
1st:
5th:
6th:
data z-score
stanine
99
4.88 9
3
0.31 9
6
0.46 9
5
0.41 9
4
0.36 9
3
0.31 9
2
0.27 9
1
0.22 7
0
0.17 5
-1
0.12 2
-2
0.08 1
-3
0.03 1
-4
-0.02 1
-5
-0.07 1
-6
-0.11 1
-7
-0.16 1
-8
-0.21 1
-9
-0.26 1
-10
-0.30 1
-11
-0.35 1
-12
-0.40 1
-13
-0.45 1
-14
-0.49 1
-15
-0.54 1
-16
-0.59 1
-17
-0.64 1
-18
-0.68 1
-19
-0.73 1
-20
-0.78 1
-21
-0.83 1
3rd:
mean
-3.60
4th:
st dev
21.03
Step
1st:
2nd:
Enter the data.

(optional) Select all the data then Sort s
3rd:
4th:
5th:
6th:
Compute the mean (automatically done

Compute standard deviation (automatic
Compute z-score for each data point (au
Compute the stanine of each piece of da
=IF(K87>1.75,9",IF(K87>1.25,"8",IF(K87>0.75,"7",IF(K87>0.25,"6",IF(K87>-0.25,"5",IF(K8

On the Insert menu, point to Name, and then click Define.
In the Names in workbook box, enter the name for the formula.
In the Refers to box, type = (equal sign), followed by the formula or the consta
dth of .5 standard deviations, but having different probabilities.
Select all the data then Sort scores using the Sort Ascending or Sort Descending button.
the mean (automatically done w/functions).

standard deviation (automatically done w/functions).
z-score for each data point (automatically w/formulas).
the stanine of each piece of data (automatically w/formulas).
K87>0.25,"6",IF(K87>-0.25,"5",IF(K87>-0.75,"4",IF(K87>-0.125,"3",IF(K87>-1.75,"2","1"))))))))
hen click Define.

name for the formula.
followed by the formula or the constant value.
Enter info in white cell and answer is computed in blue cell.
Traditional Way with Table
For a negative z-scores, use its opposite z-score.
To do it the "easy way," have the spread sheet

compute the desired probability.
Positive z-score Probability Percent
2
0.47725 47.72499
This uses =NORMSDIST(D20)-0.5
any z-score
2
P(z<a)
Probability Percent
0.97725 97.72499
This uses =NORMSDIST(D35)
Enter info in white cell and the answer is computed in the yellow cell.
Area Under the Curve
Statistic Spread Sheet Functions

use NORMDIST(x,mean, standard_dev,cumulative)
Returns the normal cumulative distribution for the specified mean and standard deviation.
Note: Cumulative is either true for less than or equal to or false for greater than or equal to.
use NORMINV(probability,mean,standard_dev)
Returns the inverse of the normal curve distribution for the specified mean and standard deviation.
Compute the probability x is less than a.

a
mean
st dev
P(x<a)
6
3.00
2.00
0.000

a
mean
st dev P(x>a)
6
3.00
2.00
0.065
The area below a score is p(x < a) and is computed with:
The area above a score is p(x > a) and is computed with:
=NORMDIST(a,mean,standard deviation,true)
=1-NORMDIST(a,mean,standard deviation,true)or
=NORMDIST(a,mean, standard deviation,false)
The Scores That Yields A Given Area Under the Curve

b
a
mean
st dev P(b<x<a)
-1
2
3.00
2.00
0.29
use NORMSDIST(z)
Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution (has a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one).
The area between two score is p(b < x < a) and is computed with:
=NORMDIST(a,mean, standard deviation,true) NORMDIST(b,mean,standard deviation,true)
use NORMSINV(probability)
Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution (has a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one).
use PROB(x_range,prob_range,lower_limit.Upper_limit)
Returns
the probability that values in a range are between two limits or equal to a lower limit.
The Probability a Score is Below a Score, Above a Score, or Between Two Scores
Find the z-score and x-score.

P(z<a)
z
0.6
0.253
P(x<a)
mean
st dev
x
3.00
2.00
3.507
Find the z-score and x-score.

P(z>a)
z
0.4
0.253
P(x>a)
mean
st dev
x
3.00
2.00
3.507


use NORMSDIST(z)
Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits or equal to a lower limit.
=IF(K87>1.75,9",IF(K87>1.25,"8",IF(K87>0.75,"7",IF(K87>0.25,"6
On the Insert menu, point to Name, and then click D
In the Names in workbook box, enter the name for th
In the Refers to box, type = (equal sign), followed by
Statistic Spread Sheet Functions

use NORMDIST(x,mean, standard_dev,cumulative)
Returns the normal cumulative distribution for the specified mean and standard deviation.
Note: Cumulative is either true for less than or equal to or false for greater than or equal to.
use NORMINV(probability,mean,standard_dev)
Returns the inverse of the normal curve distribution for the specified mean and standard deviation.
use NORMSDIST(z)
Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution (has a mean of zero and a standard dev
Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits or equal to a lower limit.
use NORMSDIST(z)
Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution (has a mean of zero and a standard de
Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution (has a mean of zero and
Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits or equal to a lower limi
The Probability a Score is Below a Score, Above a Score, or Between Two Scores


use =NORMDIST(a1+.00,0,1,TRUE) to ge
K87>0.75,"7",IF(K87>0.25,"6",IF(K87>-0.25,"5",IF(K87>-0.75,"4",IF(K87>-0.125,"3",IF(K87>-1.75,"2","1"))))))))
25,"C",IF(g3>-1,"D","F"))))
a or a constant
nt to Name, and then click Define.
ok box, enter the name for the formula.
e = (equal sign), followed by the formula or the constant value.
tandard deviation.
tandard deviation of one).
of zero and a standard deviation of one).
a lower limit.
o and a standard deviation of one).
a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one).
equal to a lower limit.
wo Scores
RMDIST(a1+.00,0,1,TRUE) to generate cumulative probabilities
Standard Normal
Cumulative Distribution
The probability a score is

less than this z
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
-3.5
0.0002
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.5000
0.5040
0.5080
0.5120
0.5160
0.5199
0.5239
0.5279
0.5319
0.5359
-3.4
0.0003
0.0003
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0005
0.0005
0.1
0.5398
0.5438
0.5478
0.5517
0.5557
0.5596
0.5636
0.5675
0.5714
0.5753
-3.3
0.0005
0.0005
0.0005
0.0005
0.0006
0.0006
0.0006
0.0006
0.0006
0.0007
0.2
0.5793
0.5832
0.5871
0.5910
0.5948
0.5987
0.6026
0.6064
0.6103
0.6141
-3.2
0.0007
0.0007
0.0007
0.0008
0.0008
0.0008
0.0008
0.0009
0.0009
0.0009
0.3
0.6179
0.6217
0.6255
0.6293
0.6331
0.6368
0.6406
0.6443
0.6480
0.6517
-3.1
0.0010
0.0010
0.0010
0.0011
0.0011
0.0011
0.0012
0.0012
0.0013
0.0013
0.4
0.6554
0.6591
0.6628
0.6664
0.6700
0.6736
0.6772
0.6808
0.6844
0.6879
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
0.5
0.6915
0.6950
0.6985
0.7019
0.7054
0.7088
0.7123
0.7157
0.7190
0.7224
-3
0.0013
0.0014
0.0014
0.0015
0.0015
0.0016
0.0016
0.0017
0.0018
0.0018
0.6
0.7257
0.7291
0.7324
0.7357
0.7389
0.7422
0.7454
0.7486
0.7517
0.7549
-2.9
0.0019
0.0019
0.0020
0.0021
0.0021
0.0022
0.0023
0.0023
0.0024
0.0025
0.7
0.7580
0.7611
0.7642
0.7673
0.7704
0.7734
0.7764
0.7794
0.7823
0.7852
-2.8
0.0026
0.0026
0.0027
0.0028
0.0029
0.0030
0.0031
0.0032
0.0033
0.0034
0.8
0.7881
0.7910
0.7939
0.7967
0.7995
0.8023
0.8051
0.8078
0.8106
0.8133
-2.7
0.0035
0.0036
0.0037
0.0038
0.0039
0.0040
0.0041
0.0043
0.0044
0.0045
0.9
0.8159
0.8186
0.8212
0.8238
0.8264
0.8289
0.8315
0.8340
0.8365
0.8389
-2.6
0.0047
0.0048
0.0049
0.0051
0.0052
0.0054
0.0055
0.0057
0.0059
0.0060
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
-2.5
0.0062
0.0064
0.0066
0.0068
0.0069
0.0071
0.0073
0.0075
0.0078
0.0080
0.8413
0.8438
0.8461
0.8485
0.8508
0.8531
0.8554
0.8577
0.8599
0.8621
-2.4
0.0082
0.0084
0.0087
0.0089
0.0091
0.0094
0.0096
0.0099
0.0102
0.0104
1.1
0.8643
0.8665
0.8686
0.8708
0.8729
0.8749
0.8770
0.8790
0.8810
0.8830
-2.3
0.0107
0.0110
0.0113
0.0116
0.0119
0.0122
0.0125
0.0129
0.0132
0.0136
1.2
0.8849
0.8869
0.8888
0.8907
0.8925
0.8944
0.8962
0.8980
0.8997
0.9015
-2.2
0.0139
0.0143
0.0146
0.0150
0.0154
0.0158
0.0162
0.0166
0.0170
0.0174
1.3
0.9032
0.9049
0.9066
0.9082
0.9099
0.9115
0.9131
0.9147
0.9162
0.9177
-2.1
0.0179
0.0183
0.0188
0.0192
0.0197
0.0202
0.0207
0.0212
0.0217
0.0222
1.4
0.9192
0.9207
0.9222
0.9236
0.9251
0.9265
0.9279
0.9292
0.9306
0.9319
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
1.5
0.9332
0.9345
0.9357
0.9370
0.9382
0.9394
0.9406
0.9418
0.9429
0.9441
-2
0.0228
0.0233
0.0239
0.0244
0.0250
0.0256
0.0262
0.0268
0.0274
0.0281
1.6
0.9452
0.9463
0.9474
0.9484
0.9495
0.9505
0.9515
0.9525
0.9535
0.9545
-1.9
0.0287
0.0294
0.0301
0.0307
0.0314
0.0322
0.0329
0.0336
0.0344
0.0351
1.7
0.9554
0.9564
0.9573
0.9582
0.9591
0.9599
0.9608
0.9616
0.9625
0.9633
-1.8
0.0359
0.0367
0.0375
0.0384
0.0392
0.0401
0.0409
0.0418
0.0427
0.0436
1.8
0.9641
0.9649
0.9656
0.9664
0.9671
0.9678
0.9686
0.9693
0.9699
0.9706
-1.7
0.0446
0.0455
0.0465
0.0475
0.0485
0.0495
0.0505
0.0516
0.0526
0.0537
1.9
0.9713
0.9719
0.9726
0.9732
0.9738
0.9744
0.9750
0.9756
0.9761
0.9767
-1.6
0.0548
0.0559
0.0571
0.0582
0.0594
0.0606
0.0618
0.0630
0.0643
0.0655
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
-1.5
0.0668
0.0681
0.0694
0.0708
0.0721
0.0735
0.0749
0.0764
0.0778
0.0793
0.9772
0.9778
0.9783
0.9788
0.9793
0.9798
0.9803
0.9808
0.9812
0.9817
-1.4
0.0808
0.0823
0.0838
0.0853
0.0869
0.0885
0.0901
0.0918
0.0934
0.0951
2.1
0.9821
0.9826
0.9830
0.9834
0.9838
0.9842
0.9846
0.9850
0.9854
0.9857
-1.3
0.0968
0.0985
0.1003
0.1020
0.1038
0.1056
0.1075
0.1093
0.1112
0.1131
2.2
0.9861
0.9864
0.9868
0.9871
0.9875
0.9878
0.9881
0.9884
0.9887
0.9890
-1.2
0.1151
0.1170
0.1190
0.1210
0.1230
0.1251
0.1271
0.1292
0.1314
0.1335
2.3
0.9893
0.9896
0.9898
0.9901
0.9904
0.9906
0.9909
0.9911
0.9913
0.9916
-1.1
0.1357
0.1379
0.1401
0.1423
0.1446
0.1469
0.1492
0.1515
0.1539
0.1562
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
2.4
2.5
0.9918
0.9938
0.9920
0.9940
0.9922
0.9941
0.9925
0.9943
0.9927
0.9945
0.9929
0.9946
0.9931
0.9948
0.9932
0.9949
0.9934
0.9951
0.9936
0.9952
-1
0.1587
0.1611
0.1635
0.1660
0.1685
0.1711
0.1736
0.1762
0.1788
0.1814
2.6
0.9953
0.9955
0.9956
0.9957
0.9959
0.9960
0.9961
0.9962
0.9963
0.9964
-0.9
0.1841
0.1867
0.1894
0.1922
0.1949
0.1977
0.2005
0.2033
0.2061
0.2090
2.7
0.9965
0.9966
0.9967
0.9968
0.9969
0.9970
0.9971
0.9972
0.9973
0.9974
-0.8
0.2119
0.2148
0.2177
0.2206
0.2236
0.2266
0.2296
0.2327
0.2358
0.2389
2.8
0.9974
0.9975
0.9976
0.9977
0.9977
0.9978
0.9979
0.9979
0.9980
0.9981
-0.7
0.2420
0.2451
0.2483
0.2514
0.2546
0.2578
0.2611
0.2643
0.2676
0.2709
2.9
0.9981
0.9982
0.9982
0.9983
0.9984
0.9984
0.9985
0.9985
0.9986
0.9986
-0.6
0.2743
0.2776
0.2810
0.2843
0.2877
0.2912
0.2946
0.2981
0.3015
0.3050
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
-0.5
0.3085
0.3121
0.3156
0.3192
0.3228
0.3264
0.3300
0.3336
0.3372
0.3409
0.9987
0.9987
0.9987
0.9988
0.9988
0.9989
0.9989
0.9989
0.9990
0.9990
-0.4
0.3446
0.3483
0.3520
0.3557
0.3594
0.3632
0.3669
0.3707
0.3745
0.3783
3.1
0.9990
0.9991
0.9991
0.9991
0.9992
0.9992
0.9992
0.9992
0.9993
0.9993
-0.3
0.3821
0.3859
0.3897
0.3936
0.3974
0.4013
0.4052
0.4090
0.4129
0.4168
3.2
0.9993
0.9993
0.9994
0.9994
0.9994
0.9994
0.9994
0.9995
0.9995
0.9995
-0.2
0.4207
0.4247
0.4286
0.4325
0.4364
0.4404
0.4443
0.4483
0.4522
0.4562
3.3
0.9995
0.9995
0.9995
0.9996
0.9996
0.9996
0.9996
0.9996
0.9996
0.9997
-0.1
0.4602
0.4641
0.4681
0.4721
0.4761
0.4801
0.4840
0.4880
0.4920
0.4960
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
3.4
3.5
0.9997
0.9998
0.9997
0.9998
0.9997
0.9998
0.9997
0.9998
0.9997
0.9998
0.9997
0.9998
0.9997
0.9998
0.9997
0.9998
0.9997
0.9998
0.9998
0.9998
0.5000
0.5040
0.5080
0.5120
0.5160
0.5199
0.5239
0.5279
0.5319
0.5359
3.6
0.9998
0.9998
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.1
0.5398
0.5438
0.5478
0.5517
0.5557
0.5596
0.5636
0.5675
0.5714
0.5753
3.7
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.2
0.5793
0.5832
0.5871
0.5910
0.5948
0.5987
0.6026
0.6064
0.6103
0.6141
3.8
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.3
0.6179
0.6217
0.6255
0.6293
0.6331
0.6368
0.6406
0.6443
0.6480
0.6517
3.9
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
0.4
0.6554
0.6591
0.6628
0.6664
0.6700
0.6736
0.6772
0.6808
0.6844
0.6879
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
0.5
0.6915
0.6950
0.6985
0.7019
0.7054
0.7088
0.7123
0.7157
0.7190
0.7224
0.6
0.7257
0.7291
0.7324
0.7357
0.7389
0.7422
0.7454
0.7486
0.7517
0.7549
0.7
0.7580
0.7611
0.7642
0.7673
0.7704
0.7734
0.7764
0.7794
0.7823
0.7852
0.8
0.7881
0.7910
0.7939
0.7967
0.7995
0.8023
0.8051
0.8078
0.8106
0.8133
0.9
0.8159
0.8186
0.8212
0.8238
0.8264
0.8289
0.8315
0.8340
0.8365
0.8389
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
0.8413
0.8438
0.8461
0.8485
0.8508
0.8531
0.8554
0.8577
0.8599
0.8621
1.1
0.8643
0.8665
0.8686
0.8708
0.8729
0.8749
0.8770
0.8790
0.8810
0.8830
1.2
0.8849
0.8869
0.8888
0.8907
0.8925
0.8944
0.8962
0.8980
0.8997
0.9015
1.3
0.9032
0.9049
0.9066
0.9082
0.9099
0.9115
0.9131
0.9147
0.9162
0.9177
1.4
0.9192
0.9207
0.9222
0.9236
0.9251
0.9265
0.9279
0.9292
0.9306
0.9319
1.5
0.9332
0.9345
0.9357
0.9370
0.9382
0.9394
0.9406
0.9418
0.9429
0.9441
1.6
0.9452
0.9463
0.9474
0.9484
0.9495
0.9505
0.9515
0.9525
0.9535
0.9545
1.7
0.9554
0.9564
0.9573
0.9582
0.9591
0.9599
0.9608
0.9616
0.9625
0.9633
1.8
0.9641
0.9649
0.9656
0.9664
0.9671
0.9678
0.9686
0.9693
0.9699
0.9706
1.9
0.9713
0.9719
0.9726
0.9732
0.9738
0.9744
0.9750
0.9756
0.9761
0.9767
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
0.9772
0.9778
0.9783
0.9788
0.9793
0.9798
0.9803
0.9808
0.9812
0.9817
2.1
0.9821
0.9826
0.9830
0.9834
0.9838
0.9842
0.9846
0.9850
0.9854
0.9857
2.2
0.9861
0.9864
0.9868
0.9871
0.9875
0.9878
0.9881
0.9884
0.9887
0.9890
2.3
0.9893
0.9896
0.9898
0.9901
0.9904
0.9906
0.9909
0.9911
0.9913
0.9916
2.4
0.9918
0.9920
0.9922
0.9925
0.9927
0.9929
0.9931
0.9932
0.9934
0.9936
2.5
0.9938
0.9940
0.9941
0.9943
0.9945
0.9946
0.9948
0.9949
0.9951
0.9952
2.6
0.9953
0.9955
0.9956
0.9957
0.9959
0.9960
0.9961
0.9962
0.9963
0.9964
2.7
0.9965
0.9966
0.9967
0.9968
0.9969
0.9970
0.9971
0.9972
0.9973
0.9974
2.8
0.9974
0.9975
0.9976
0.9977
0.9977
0.9978
0.9979
0.9979
0.9980
0.9981
2.9
0.9981
0.9982
0.9982
0.9983
0.9984
0.9984
0.9985
0.9985
0.9986
0.9986
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
0.9987
0.9987
0.9987
0.9988
0.9988
0.9989
0.9989
0.9989
0.9990
0.9990
3.1
0.9990
0.9991
0.9991
0.9991
0.9992
0.9992
0.9992
0.9992
0.9993
0.9993
3.2
0.9993
0.9993
0.9994
0.9994
0.9994
0.9994
0.9994
0.9995
0.9995
0.9995
3.3
0.9995
0.9995
0.9995
0.9996
0.9996
0.9996
0.9996
0.9996
0.9996
0.9997
3.4
0.9997
0.9997
0.9997
0.9997
0.9997
0.9997
0.9997
0.9997
0.9997
0.9998
3.5
0.9998
0.9998
0.9998
0.9998
0.9998
0.9998
0.9998
0.9998
0.9998
0.9998
3.6
0.9998
0.9998
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
3.7
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
3.8
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999
3.9
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
z+.00
z+.01
z+.02
z+.03
z+.04
z+.05
z+.06
z+.07
z+.08
z+.09
E = P(event1)Amount(event1) + P(event2)Amount(event2) + P(event
Probability1
Amount1
Probability2
Amount2
Probability3
0.2
100
0.2
0.2
E=
20
E=
219
raffle
cost of ticket
# tickets sold
-8
1
1000
top prize
# of prizes
1
Amount
500
next prize
# of prizes
2
probability
0.001
amount
499
probability
0.002
E=
0.499
E=
-0.3
0.198
Amount(event2) + P(event3)Amount(event3) + P(event4)Amount(event4) +P(event5)Amount(event5) + +
Amount3
Probability4
Amount4
Probability5
Amount5
-40
0.2
30
0.2
1000
Amount
100
amount
99
+
next prize
# of prizes
probability
0
0
200
Amount
next prize
# of prizes
Amount
amount
-1
probability
0
amount
-1
lose
1 ticket
1
$ of ticket
1
probability amount
0.997
-1
+
-0.997
mount(event5) + + P(eventlast)Amount(eventlast)
n
4
x
0
1
2
3
4
0.05
0.815
0.171
0.014
0.1
0.656
0.292
0.049
0.004
0.2
0.410
0.410
0.154
0.026
0.002
0.3
0.240
0.412
0.265
0.076
0.008
0.4
0.130
0.346
0.346
0.154
0.026
p
0.5
0.063
0.250
0.375
0.250
0.063
0
1
2
3
4
5
0.774
0.204
0.021
0.001
0.590
0.328
0.073
0.008
0.328
0.410
0.205
0.051
0.006
0.168
0.360
0.309
0.132
0.028
0.002
0.078
0.259
0.346
0.230
0.077
0.010
0.031
0.156
0.313
0.313
0.156
0.031
0.6
0.026
0.154
0.346
0.346
0.130
0.7
0.008
0.076
0.265
0.412
0.240
0.8
0.002
0.026
0.154
0.410
0.410
0.9
0.004
0.049
0.292
0.656
0.010
0.077
0.230
0.346
0.259
0.078
0.002
0.028
0.132
0.309
0.360
0.168
0.006
0.051
0.205
0.410
0.328
0.008
0.073
0.328
0.590
0.95
0.014
0.171
0.815
0.001
0.021
0.204
0.774
Unemployment Rates for States - Monthly

Rankings Seasonally Adjusted, April 2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
5
7
8
9
9
11
12
12
14
State
NORTH DAKOTA
NEBRASKA
SOUTH DAKOTA
VERMONT
HAMPSHIRE
OKLAHOMA
IOWA
WYOMING
MINNESOTA
VIRGINIA
UTAH
KANSAS
MONTANA
HAWAII
MASSACHUSETT
Rate
3
3.9
4.3
4.6
5
5
5.1
5.3
5.6
5.6
6
6.1
6.1
6.3
14
16
16
16
19
20
20
20
23
24
24
24
27
28
28
30
30
32
33
33
35
36
37
37
39
39
41
41
41
S
MARYLAND
WEST VIRGINIA
WISCONSIN
DELAWARE
ALASKA
NEW MEXICO
TEXAS
LOUISIANA
ALABAMA
ARKANSAS
MAINE
MISSOURI
OHIO
PENNSYLVANIA
CONNECTICUT
IDAHO
TENNESSEE
COLORADO
INDIANA
WASHINGTON
ARIZONA
KENTUCKY
MICHIGAN
NEW YORK
OREGON
FLORIDA
ILLINOIS
MISSISSIPPI
SOUTH
6.3
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.9
6.9
7.1
7.1
7.2
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.4
7.7
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.9
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.3
8.5
8.5
8.7
8.7
8.7
44
45
46
8.8
8.9
9.1
47
CAROLINA
GEORGIA
NEW JERSEY
NORTH
CAROLINA
48
49
CALIFORNIA
DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA
4.3
4.6
5
3.9
4.3
4.6
5
5
5.1
5.3
5.6
6.1
6
6.1
6.1
6.3
6.3
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.8
6.7
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.9
6.9
7.1
7.2
7.2
7.1
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.4
4.6
5
5.3
5.6
5.6
6
6.1
6.1
6.3
6.3
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.9
6.9
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.4
7.7
7.8
7.9
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.3
8.3
8.5
7.9
8.5
8.5
8.7
8.5
8.7
8.7
8.7
7.8
7.9
7.9
8.1
8.3
8.3
8.5
8.5
8.7
8.7
8.7
8.8
9.1
9.4
9.5
10.9
3.9
9.4
9.5
10.9
9.5
10.9
50
51
RHODE ISLAND
NEVADA
MEAN
STDEV
11.2
11.7
11.2
11.2
11.7
7.2745098039 6.991667 7.233333 7.056667

7.45
1.7795328755 1.947706 1.022369 1.637846 1.708651
n=12
n=15
n=30
n=40
4 "=RANDBETWEEN(7,53)"
n=15
5
7
6
14
7
17
11
19
19
21
20
23
24
26
32
27
39
28
42
31
44
36
51
37
41
42
n=12
46
"=RANDBETWEEN(7,53)"
n=30
n=40
4
4
5
6
6
7
8
10
9
11
10
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
16
19
17
20
18
21
19
22
20
25
26
27
29
31
34
36
38
39
40
42
43
44
45
50
52
21
22
23
24
26
27
29
30
31
34
35
36
37
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
48
49
50
51
52
53
5
6
7
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
14
13
14
15
16
17
19
20
19
21
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
27
28
25
26
27
29
31
31
4
6
7
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
27
29
30
31
32
34
36
37
38
39
40
39
42
36
41
42
44
42
43
44
45
34
35
36
37
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
48
49
50
51
50
51
52
52
53
1
2
3
4
5
6
observed expected O - E
(O-E)^2
(O-E)^2/E
35
25
10
100
4
20
15
5
25 1.666667
25
40
-15
225
5.625
20
20
0
0
0
d.f is
chi squared =
3
chisquaredGOFtest
p is
0.010249
11.29167
1
2
3
4
5
6
observed expected O - E
(O-E)^2
(O-E)^2/E
24
26.7
-2.70
7.29
0.27
62
55.1
6.90
47.61
0.86
72
66.64
5.36
28.73
0.43
26
38.96
-12.96
167.96
4.31
16
12.6
3.40
11.56
0.92
d.f is
chi squared =
4
chisquaredGOFtest
p is
0.147024
6.796805
1
1
0
0
2
1
1
0
2
3
1
1
2
4
1
3
5
4
2
3
6
5
3
4
6
6
6
6
7
7
6
7
8
8
7
7
9
8
10
8
9
9
10
9
9
9
10
10
10
9
12
10
11
10
12
12
11
12
12
12
6.53 6.40 6.20 6.13 n=15
3.46 3.31 4.57 4.12 mean
st dev
12
1
5
3
14
2
5
6
16
2
5
10
18
2
6
21
19
2
10
22
21
9
15
25
32
13
18
30
35
14
22
31
35
17
23
31
37
18
27
33
40
22
29
33
43
29
29
41
46
36
34
43
47
39
41
47
50
47
50
48
31.00
16.87
21.27
28.27
13.16
15.02
13.98
14.02
58 "=RANDBETWEEN(40,1
56
88
72
42
79
92
98
75
49
74
50
50
49
69
51
70
92
82
81
44
69
58
n=10
n=10
67.82
67.64
18.06
17.14
overall
n=100
The average on the publ

A random sample of 10 students in
With 95% certainty is there evidence
Bin
50
60
70
80
90
100
More
"=RANDBETWEEN(40,100)"
95
50
91
100
56
41
74
40
85
41
74
51
55
78
50
57
78
80
95
71
63
53
69
81
70
53
94
71
80
82
57
69
76
88
64
43
75
77
64
64
63
55
71
97
66
85
57
96
88
82
57
61
82
54
77
62
59
89
56
84
72
92
73
74
48
85
50
57
58
93
91
95
85
43
55
55
95
75
83
74
45
66
41
59
58
97
100
41
66
65
42
92
93
47
44
53
70
44
79
n=10
n=10
n=10
n=10
n=10
n=10
n=10
n=10
n=10
67.91
66.45
72.91
69.18
73.18
72.18
70.64
67.18
63.18
23.14
14.86
11.60
14.94
14.63
14.52
20.81
20.83
18.91
mean
68.93388 stdev
17.0454
The average on the publisher's tests is 70%.

sample of 10 students in this year's class had a mean of 78, standard deviation of 10.
certainty is there evidence to support the claim that this class achieved better than the published average.
upper
upper
50
60
70
80
90
100
Frequency
22
23
18
23
16
19
0
60
70
80
90
Bin
60
70
80
90
More
Frequency
45
18
23
16
19
64
60
65
68
79
85
61
66
60
80
98
84
61
79
79
79
67
92
100
67
91
88
81
61
64
93
64
69
71
74
88
78
76
86
62
99
82
76
98
69
96
74
94
82
upper
Bin
70
80
90
100
70
80
90
100
More
94
78
82
67
95
92
65
75
92
76
76
Frequency
39
32
24
26
0
72
69
81
84
71
65
93
89
70
87
69
74
99
95
72
76
66
65
92
96
87
80
85
70
71
68
95
81
89
86
95
93
66
100
79
73
85
87
68
70
96
79
66
67
88
72
100
79
80
88
66
85
81
93
67
62
63
78
64
76
65
76
94
68
61
80
7
7
6
6
8
10
9
6
8
7
8
10
9
6
10
7
8
10
8
7
10
6
10
9
9
10
6
8
10
10
7
10
10
upper
6
10
9
6
6
10
8
7
9
6
8
7
7
7
10
9
10
8
6
10
8
9
7
8
9
10
Frequency
44
27
20
30
0
Bin
7
8
9
10
More
10
9
10
7
10
8
8
10
6
7
6
8
7
6
10
10
9
8
6
9
10
9
9
6
8
7
7
10
8
8
6
6
9
6
6
8
10
6
10
7
9
7
8
8
6
8
6
8
10
10
9
8
6
10
9
7
9
7
9
8
7
8
8
10
9
8
sample1 sample2
x is
n is
sample proportion, p hat, is xi/ni
weighted estimate of population proportion, pbar, is

qbar is 1-pbar
36
200
0.18
80
200
0.4
populations
0.29
(x1+x2)/(n1+n2)
0.71
standard error is 0.045376

sqrt(pbar*qbar*(1/n1+1/n2))
z is -4.84836
p is 6E-007
difference in sample proportion

z is
rence in sample proportions

-0.22
0.0453762052
difference in population proportions
0
see null hypothesis
is -4.848356
CONTINGENCY TABLE
OBSERVED
rows of groups, columns of preferences
GROUPS/PREFERENCE perference1
preference2
preference3
subgroup1
1
2
3
subgroup2
4
5
6
subgroup3
7
8
9
groupSUM
12
15
18
d.f.= ((columns)-1)((rows)-1)
rows
3
4
columns
3
preferencesSUM
6
15
24
45
45
THESE MUST BE =.
EXPECTED PROPORTIONS TABLE

EXPECTED
Er,c= (rowSUM)*(columnSUM)/(GRANDTOTAL)
GROUPS/PREFERENCE perference1
subgroup1
1.6
subgroup2
4
subgroup3
6.4
groupSUM
12
preference2
2
5
8
15
preference3
2.4
6
9.6
18
preferencesSUM
6
15
24
45
45
THESE MUST BE =.
CONTINGENCY TABLE
OBSERVED
rows of groups, columns of preferences
GROUPS/PREFERENCE 4 to 6.5 hours 6.5 to 8 hours 8 to 10.5 hrs. preferencesSUM
preteens
5
12
8
25
teens
6
14
5
25
college kids
15
5
5
25
groupSUM
26
31
18
75
75
d.f.= ((columns)-1)((rows)-1)
4
THESE MUST BE =.
rows
columns
3
3
EXPECTED PROPORTIONS TABLE

EXPECTED
Er,c= (rowSUM)*(columnSUM)/(GRANDTOTAL)
GROUPS/PREFERENCE 4 to 6.5 hours
preteens
8.667
teens
8.667
college kids
8.667
groupSUM
26
6.5 to 8 hours 8 to 10.5 hrs. preferencesSUM

10.333
6.000
25
10.333
6.000
25
10.333
6.000
25
31
18
75
total pref
total group
GRANDTOTAL
1,1
1,2
1,3
1,1
2,2
2,3
3,1
3,2
3,3
CHI SQUARE COMPUTATION TABLE

sorted by R,C
observed expected
(O-E)
(O-E)^2
1
1.6
-0.6
0.23
2
2
0
0.00
3
2.4
0.6
0.15
4
4
0
0.00
5
5
0
0.00
6
6
0
0.00
7
6.4
0.6
0.06
8
8
0
0.00
9
9.6
-0.6
0.04
d.f is
chi squared = 0.46875
4
chisquaredGOFtest
p is
0.976470996
total pref
total group
GRANDTOTAL
1,1
1,2
1,3
1,1
2,2
2,3
3,1
3,2
3,3
CHI SQUARE COMPUTATION TABLE

sorted by R,C
observed expected
(O-E)
(O-E)^2/E
5
8.67
-3.67
1.55
12
10.33
1.67
0.27
8
6.00
2.00
0.67
6
8.67
-2.67
0.82
14
10.33
3.67
1.30
5
6.00
-1.00
0.17
15
8.67
6.33
4.63
5
10.33
-5.33
2.75
5
6.00
-1.00
0.17
d.f is
4
chi squared = 12.32258

chisquaredGOFtest
p is
0.015106953
CHIDIST is 0.976471 is p
CHIVNV is 0.46875 is chi squared
CHITEST is 0.999896 is p computed using the ob
is chi squared
is p computed using the observed and expected cells of table
OBSERVED DISTRIBUTION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
mark, x
97
112
127
142
157
172
187
202
217
232
mean is
164.5
O =freq, f
fx
5
485
45
5040
180
22860
420
59640
630
98910
630
108360
420
78540
180
36360
45
9765
5
1160
fx is
421120
(fx) is 177342054400
fx is
mean is
164.5
variance is
22.50
506.45
fx
47045
564480
2903220
8468880
15528870
18637920
14686980
7344720
2119005
269120
EXPECTED DISTRIBUTION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
EXPECTEDF is normdist(upper,expmea
lower
upper
89.5
104.5
104.5
119.5
119.5
134.5
134.5
149.5
149.5
164.5
164.5
179.5
179.5
194.5
194.5
209.5
209.5
224.5
224.5
239.5
70570240
observed
2560
2559
n is and is named as "obsn" as a label

n-1 is
3317760000 n(fx) - (fx) is

6551040
n(n-1) is
506.45
[n(fx) - (fx)]/[n(n-1)] is the variance is
22.50
the square root of the variance is the standard deviation, s, is
1
2
5
45
180
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
420
630
630
420
180
45
5
d.f is
9.00
d.f.=(no of groups)-1
Use these descriptive statistics from the OBSERVED DISTRIBUTION.

mean is
is named expmean using [Formulas] [define name]
164.5
DISTRIBUTION
standard deviation is 22.5043958 is named expstdev using [Formulas] [define name]

variance is
506.447831
F is normdist(upper,expmean,expstdev,true) - normdist(lower,expmean,expstdev,true)
mark, x
E =EXPECTED% E = EXPECTEDf
97
0.0034
8.7200
EXPECTEDf is EXPECTED%)(n of OBSERVED)
112
0.0189
48.4734
127
0.0685
175.3157
142
0.1613
412.8773
157
0.2475
633.5126
172
0.2475
633.5126
187
0.1613
412.8773
202
0.0685
175.3157
217
0.0189
48.4734
232
0.0034
8.7200
expected
O-E
8.72
48.47
-3.7200
-3.4734
175.32
4.6843
412.8773
7.1227
-3.5126
-3.5126
7.1227
4.6843
-3.4734
-3.7200
633.51
633.51
412.88
175.3157
48.4734
8.7200
d.f.=(no of groups)-1
(O-E)^2
(O-E)^2/E
13.8385
1.5870
COMPLETE A GOF TEST FOR
12.0643
0.2489
NORMALITY OF DISTRIBUTION
H0: Observed distribution is normal.
21.9423
0.1252
H1: Observed distribution is not normal.
50.7328
0.1229
12.3384
0.0195
12.3384
0.0195 Combine groups if ANY
50.7328
0.1229 EXPECTEDf is less than 5.
21.9423
0.1252 Also change the d.f..
12.0643
0.2489
13.8385
1.5870
chi squared =
chisquaredGOFtest
p is
0.8972847618
Use CHIDIST(x,def_freedom)
4.2068
OBSERVED DISTRIBUTION
[define name]
mean is
[define name]
ITY OF DISTRIBUTION
ion is normal.
ion is not normal.
EXPECTED DISTRIBUTION
110.00
34.66
variance i 1201.50
1
2
3
4
mark, x
50
90
130
170
mean is
110
800
799
O freq,f
fx
fx
100
5000
250000
300
27000
2430000
300
39000
5070000
100
17000
2890000
fx is
88000
(fx) is 7.74E+009
fx is 10640000
n
n-1 is
768000000 n(fx) - (fx)

639200 n(n-1)
standard deviation
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
lower
30
70
110
150
upper
70
110
150
190
observed
expected
100
300
300
91.00
300.60
300.60
91.00
100
d.f is
1201.5019 [n(fx) - (fx)]/[n(n-1),

the variance
34.662687 (variance),
the standard deviation.
3.00
COMPLETE A GOF TEST FO
H0: Observed distribution is no

H1: Observed distribution is no
chisquaredGOFtest
p is
DISTRIBUTION
OBSERVED statistics.
mean is
110.00
variance is
mark, x
50
90
130
170
O-E
8.9970
-0.5964
-0.5964
8.9970
E%
0.1138
0.3757
0.3757
0.1138
34.66
1201.50
Efrequ
91.0030
300.5964
300.5964
91.0030
(O-E)^2
(O-E)^2/E
80.9466
0.8895
0.3557
0.0012
0.3557
0.0012
80.9466
0.8895
chi square
1.7814
COMPLETE A GOF TEST FOR

NORMALITY OF DISTRIBUTION
H0: Observed distribution is normal.
H1: Observed distribution is not normal.
chisquaredGOFtest
0.619001
Population 1 Population 2
population mean is not needed because popmean1 assumed = to popmean2 by null hypothesis
population stdev is
12
12
sample mean is
sample size is
sample stdev is
78
30
10
85
25
15
(samplemean1 - samplemean2)
-7
(mean1 - mean2)
-7
=
144
30
144
10.56
25
(samplemean1 - samplemean2)
-7
(mean1 - mean2)
-7
=
100
30
225
12.333
25
TI84 does a weighted degrees of freedom, not (smaller of n 1-1 and n2-1).
The degrees of freedom between the two methods are equal when rounded to 1 decimal place.
more accurate df and 1-tail p for 2 sample t-test
mean1 - mean2)
...2
100
-2.1541
225
30
25
p is
0.984384 one-tail
100
30
...2
225
25
29
24
mean1 - mean2)
152.11
degrees of freedom
...2
(smaller of n1-1 and n2-1)
-1.9932
ded to 1 decimal place.
24
p is
11.11111
29
81
24
0.028861 one-tail
152.1111
3.758142
40.47509
rounded to
d.f.
p is 0.0265 one tail

pi 2tail is 0.0531
40
1
2
3
4
5
6
x1
x2
D = x 1 - x2
D2 = (x1 - x2)2
4
4
0
14
8
5
2
2
1
8
4
2
2
2
-1
6
4
3
4
4
1
36
16
9
sum of D2s is
sum of Ds is
16
n is
6
70
mean of Ds is 2.666666667
t =
6(
stdev of D is 2.338090389
6(
2.6667
2.66667
2.793721
0.955
70
- (
16
)2
t is 2.79372
degrees of freedom
5
p is 0.01914 on one-tail
1
2
3
4
x
2
5
7
9
y
3
8
12
11
xy
6
40
84
99
x2
4
25
49
81
y2
9
64
144
121
5
6
7
8
11
13
15
17
11
12
13
11
121
156
195
187
121
169
225
289
121
144
169
121
9
10
Sums
19
21
119
12
16
109
228
336
1452
361
441
1765
144
256
1293
n is
n
r=
10
r
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
10
15
20
25
10
t = 0.80968
18
10
sum(xy)
sum(x)
1452
1765
sum(x^2)
sum(y)
109
14161 ][
10
119
sq(sum(x))
1293
sum(y^2)
11881
]
%r2 =
sq(sum(y))
t is 3.90225
10
n
-2
= 3.90225
1 - 0.65558
r^2
degrees of freedom
1549
1913.102
p is 0.00227 on one-tail
0.00453 on 2-tail
66
0.80968
Analysis of Variance
1
2
3
4
5
group1
10
12
9
15
13
group2
6
8
3
0
2
group3
5
9
12
8
4
k is no of groups is
N is sum of n is
3
15
d.f.numerator is k - 1 is
d.f.denominator is N - k is
2
12
sum(x) is
59
19
38
n
5
5
5
mean
11.8
3.8
7.6
st dev 2.38746728 3.193744 3.209361
7.7333333333
(mean-GM) 4.06666667 -3.933333 -0.133333

(mean-GM)2 16.5377778 15.47111 0.017778
n(mean-GM)2 82.6888889 77.35556 0.088889 >> SSB is sum of n(mean-GM)^2 is
n-1
(n-1)s2
4
22.8
4
40.8
4
41.2 >>
160.1333333333
SSW is sum of 9N-1(s^2) is
Source
between
104.8
sum of squares
SSB
160.1333333333
within (error)
SSW
104.8
Scheff Test to Find Where the Difference is in the Means

F Critical
(mean1-mean2)
7.7705876693
(mean1-mean2)^2
group1
group2
64
group1
group3
4.2
17.64
group2
group3
-3.8
14.44
is SSB/(k-1)
80.067 is MSB
is SSW/(N-k)
8.7333 is MSW
is MSB/MSW
9.1679 is Ftest
p is 0.0011
CV with alpha = .05 is 3.8853
d.f.
k-1
2
mean squares
MSB is SSB/(k-1)
80.0666666667
N-k
12
MSW is SSW/(N-k)
8.7333333333
SSW
(1/n1 + 1/n2)
F
MSB/MSW is
9.167938931
F Test
104.8
0.4 1.526718
104.8
0.4 0.420802
104.8
0.4 0.344466
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
group1
12
15
18
17
16
sum(x) is
n
mean
st dev
78
5
15.6
2.30
(mean-GM)
(mean-GM)2
n(mean-GM)2
4.27
18.20
91.02
n-1
(n-1)s2
4
21.2
group2
24
12
2
3
24
group3
12
14
2
2
6
group4
18
3
4
k is no of groups is
N is sum of n is
4
18
d.f.numerator is k - 1 is
d.f.denominator is N - k is
3
14
65
5
13
10.77
36
5
7.2
5.59
25
3
8.3333
8.39
1.67
2.78
13.89
-4.133
17.084
85.422
-3
9
27
>>
SSB is sum of n(mean-GM)^2 is
217.333
4
464
4
124.8
2
140.667
>>
>>
sum of the (n-1) is

SSW is sum of (n-1)(s^2) is
14
750.667
11.333
Source
(mean1-mean2)
group1
group1
group1
group2
group2
group3
group2
group3
group4
group3
group4
group4
2.6
8.4
7.2667
5.8
4.6667
-1.1333
between
SSB
217.333
d.f.
k-1
3
within (error)
SSW
750.667
N-k
14
(mean1-mean2)^2
sum of squares
SSW
6.76
70.56
52.8044444444
33.64
21.7777777778
1.2844444444
750.667
750.667
750.667
750.667
750.667
750.667
12
15
18
17
16
is SSB/(k-1)
72.44 is MSB
24
12
2
3
24
Anova: Single Factor

is SSW/(N-k)
53.619 is MSW
is MSB/MSW
1.3511 is Ftest
p is
CV with alpha = .05 is
mean squares
MSB is SSB/(k-1)
72.444
F
MSB/MSW is
1.351
MSW is SSW/(N-k)
53.619
F Critical 10.031666
(1/n1 + 1/n2)
0.4
0.4
0.5333333333
0.4
0.5333333333
0.5333333333
0.2898
3.3439
F Test
0.0225133
0.2349911
0.1318939
0.1120337
0.0543961
0.0032083
SUMMARY
Groups
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Column 4
ANOVA
Source of Variation
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Count
5
5
5
3
SS
217.3333
750.6667
968
12
14
2
2
6
Sum
df
18
3
4
Average Variance
78
15.6
5.3
65
13
116
36
7.2
31.2
25 8.333333 70.33333
MS
F
P-value
F crit
3 72.44444 1.351095 0.298085 3.343889
14 53.61905
17

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stat.

2003, 2008, 2012 A. Azzolino

Follow instructions on page. Colored cells are self-computing

Computes mean and standard deviation of three groups of 1

Computes x-score or z-score or mean or standard deviation

Computes mean, standard deviation, and z-scores, and stan

Traditional use of z-scores and probability table.

Have the spreadsheet compute all the desired probabilities.

complete a Chi Square GOF Test to test for normality of obs

INDEPENDENT SAMPLES, complete a test on the difference

PAIRED SAMPLES, create a difference distribution

cmplete a T-test on the strength of a linear correlation

& homogeneity of proportion

complete chi square test of independence of proportion or h

complete an Analysis of Variance test to see if 3 or more me

are self-computing. Enter data in other cells.

iation of three groups of 10 scores.

mean or standard deviation of normal and standard normal scores.

on, and z-scores, and stanine for 30 pieces of data.

the desired probabilities.

o test for normality of observed distribution

te a test on the difference between 2 means

ndence of proportion or homogeneity of proportions

est to see if 3 or more means are equal

1st: Enter the data, each x value.

ding or Sort Descending button.

Enter the data, each x value.

the square root of the varia

ve to the mean computed in the usual way.

g or Sort Descending button or Data Menu.

the sum of the (x - mean) is (x - mean) is

the value n-1, one less than 10 is

(x - mean) (n-1) is 16.888889 is also called the variance.

the square root of the variance is the s

[n(x) - (x)]/[n(n-1)] is the variance is 16.888889

e root of the variance is the standard deviation, s, is 4.1096093

Compute z-score given x, mean, standard deviation.

Compute x (the data) given z-score, mean, standard deviation.

ed in the yellow cells.

Enter the data.

Compute the mean (automatically done

Create a name to represent a formula or a constant

dth of .5 standard deviations, but having different probabilities.

the mean (automatically done w/functions).

hen click Define.

Enter info in white cell and answer is computed in blue cell.

Traditional Way with Table

For a negative z-scores, use its opposite z-score.

To do it the "easy way," have the spread sheet

This uses =NORMSDIST(D35)

Statistic Spread Sheet Functions

Compute the probability x is less than a.

Compute the probability x is less than a.

The area below a score is p(x < a) and is computed with:

The area above a score is p(x > a) and is computed with:

The Scores That Yields A Given Area Under the Curve

Compute the probability x is less than a.

Find the z-score and x-score.

Find the z-score and x-score.

The area below a score is p(x < a) and is computed with:

The area above a score is p(x > a) and is computed with:

In the Refers to box, type = (equal sign), followed by

Statistic Spread Sheet Functions