Effect of Concentration of Buffer

CASE 1

0.1 M phosphate buffer,

pH 7.2

25 mL 0.005
M phosphate
buffer, pH 7.2
Record pH

25 mL 0.05 M
25 mL 0.10 M
phosphate
phosphate
buffer, pH 7.2
buffer, pH 7.2
Record pH

Add 2 mL

Record pH

Add 2 mL

0.1 M NaOH
Buffer
solution +

0.1 M NaOH
Buffer
solution +

Account for the

magnitude change

Add 2 mL
0.1 M NaOH

Buffer
solution +
Account for the

magnitude change

Account for the

magnitude

change
in pH.

CASE 2

in pH.

0.1 M acetate buffer, pH

4.7

25 mL 0.005
M acetate
buffer, pH 4.7
Record pH

25 mL 0.05 M
25 mL 0.10 M
acetate
acetate buffer,
buffer, pH 7.2
pH 7.2
Record pH

Add 2 mL
0.1 M NaOH
Buffer
solution +

Account for the

magnitude change
change

in pH.

Add 2 mL
0.1 M NaOH
Buffer
solution +

Record pH
Add 2 mL

0.1 M NaOH
Buffer
solution +

Account for the

magnitude change

Account for the

magnitude

in pH.

in pH.

in pH.

Effect of the Ratio of the Conjugate Base to the Weak Acid

CASE 1

0.1 M H2PO4- and HPO42-

25 mL buffer
solution, pH
6.2.
Record pH

25 mL buffer
25 mL buffer
solution, pH
solution, pH
7.2.
8.2.
Record pH

Record

Divide into

Divide

pH
Divide into
into
two parts

two parts

two

parts
I

Add 2 mL
2 mL

Add 2 mL

NaOH

0.1 N NaOH
0.1 N HC

Record pH

II

Add 2 mL

Add 2 mL

0.1 N HCl

Record pH
Record pH

Account for the magnitude

II

0.1 N NaOH

Record pH

II
Add 2 mL

Add

0.1 N HCl

Record pH

Account for the magnitude

0.1 N

Record pH

Account for the

magnitude
of the pH shift with the
reference to the direction

of the pH shift with the

reference to the direction

of the pH shift with the

reference to the

direction
of the pH shift.
shift.

of the pH shift.

of the pH

Effect of the Ratio of the Conjugate Base to the Weak Acid

CASE 2

0.1 M acetic acid and

acetate

25 mL buffer
solution, pH
3.7.
Record pH

25 mL buffer
25 mL buffer
solution, pH
solution, pH
4.7.
5.7.
Record pH

Record

Divide into

Divide

pH
Divide into
into
two parts

two parts

two

parts
I

Add 2 mL
2 mL

Add 2 mL

NaOH

0.1 N NaOH
0.1 N HC

Record pH

II

Add 2 mL

Add 2 mL

0.1 N HCl

Record pH
Record pH

Account for the magnitude

II

0.1 N NaOH

Record pH

II
Add 2 mL

Add

0.1 N HCl

Record pH

Account for the magnitude

0.1 N

Record pH

Account for the

magnitude
of the pH shift with the
reference to the direction

of the pH shift with the

reference to the direction

of the pH shift with the

reference to the

direction
of the pH shift.
shift.

of the pH shift.

of the pH

Titration of an Amino Acid

Assigned Amino
Acid
Pipette 10 mL into
a 25 mL or 50 mL beaker
Sample Amino
Acid
Adjust pH to 1.5 using 1 N
HCl.
Add 0.1 M KOH using a burette, in 0.5 mL
increments, until pH 12
Stir well. Measure pH after each addition.

Plot the results of pH vs. mL KOH added.

Determine pK a values.
Draw the amino acid structures at each pK a values.