SPECIALIST MATHS

TRIAL EXAM 1
2000
SOLUTIONS
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Part I - Multiple choice answers

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

E
E
B
D
C
D

7. A
8. E
9. E
10. D
11. B
12. C

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

D
C
E
B
D
A

19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.

D
C
D
A
E
A

25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.

B
D
D
E
E
D

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Part I - Multiple choice solutions

Question 1

1
ax + x
1
=
x(ax + 1)

We have y =

We have vertical asymptotes given by x = 0 and ax + 1 = 0, that is, x =

We have a horizontal asymptote given by y = 0
The answer is E.

1
a

Question 2

1
2
1
1
so
=
tan x
2
tan x = 2
cot x =

Now, 1 + tan 2 x = sec 2 x

so,

1 + 4 = sec 2 x
sec 2 x = 5

so,

sec x = 5
1
= 5
cos x
1
cos x =
5

(fourth quadrant so sec is + ve)

The answer is E.

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 Solutions

2
Question 3

y = Tan 1 (2 x) + cot(2 x)
x
+ (tan(2 x)) 1
= Tan 1
1
2
1
dy
2 1 (tan( 2 x)) 2 2 sec 2 (2 x)
So,
=
dx 1 + x 2
4
1 1 + 4 x 2 2 sec 2 (2 x)
=

2
4
tan 2 (2 x)
=
=

1
4
2 sec 2 (2 x)

2 1 + 4x2
tan 2 (2 x)
2
2 sec 2 (2 x)

1 + 4x2
tan 2 (2 x)

The answer is B.
Question 4

y = sec( 2 x )
1
=
cos(2 x)
= (cos(2 x)) 1
dy
= 1(cos( 2 x)) 2 2 sin( 2 x)
dx
2 sin( 2 x)
=
cos 2 (2 x)

d 2 y cos 2 (2 x) 4 cos(2 x) 2 sin(2 x) 2 cos(2 x) 2 sin( 2 x)

=
dx 2
cos 4 (2 x)
4 cos 3 (2 x) + 8 sin 2 (2 x) cos(2 x)
=
cos 4 (2 x)
= 4 sec(2 x) + 8 sec(2 x) tan 2 (2 x)
The answer is D.
Question 5
We are looking for 3 points which are equidistant from the origin and spaced

2
apart. The 3
3

which satisfy these requirements are E, I and M.

The answer is C.
Question 6

2
5)
3
10
= 32cis(
)
3

Using De Moivre's theorem, we have z 5 = 2 5 cis(

The answer is D.

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

3
Question 7
Since the coefficients of the terms in P (z ) are not all real, the conjugate root theorem does not
apply. If z 5i is a factor, then 5i is a solution and P (5i ) = 0 . So options B and C are correct.

P( z ) = z 3 5iz 2 4 z + 20i
= ( z 5i )( z 2 4)
= ( z 5i )( z 2)( z + 2)
So the roots of the equation are 5i and 2 . So, options D and E are correct and clearly option A
is not correct. The answer is A.
Question 8

Now, ( i 2 j + 5 k ).(3 i + 4 j k )
~

= 385
= 10
Now, cos =

a .b

where is the angle between vectors a and b

~ ~

ab

~ ~

10

30 26
= 110 59'
The answer is E.
Question 9
If two vectors u and v are linearly dependent then k1 u + k 2 v = 0,
~

That is, k1 u = k 2 v ,
~

k1 and k 2 0

k1 and k 2 0

So we require that u and v are parallel vectors. Only v and v offer this since 2 v = v
~

~2

~4

~2

~4

The answer is E.
Question 10
The vector resolute of v perpendicular to u is given by
~

v (v . u ) u
~

1
1
= i 2 j + 4 k ( i 2 j + 4 k ).
(3 i + j 2 k )
(3 i + j 2 k )
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
9 +1+ 4 ~ ~
14 ~ ~
~

1
1
= i 2 j+ 4 k
(3 2 8)
(3 i + j 2 k )
~
~
~
~
14
14 ~ ~
7
= i 2 j+ 4 k
(3 i + j 2 k )
~
~
~
14 ~ ~
~
3 1
= i 2 j+ 4 k + i + j k
~
~
2~ 2 ~ ~
~
1
= (5 i 3 j + 6 k )
~
2 ~ ~
The answer is D.

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

4
Question 11

t4
and y = t
3
t = 3x + 4
so,
so y = 3x + 4
Since t 0, 3 x + 4 0 and y 0
4
x
3
x=

Now,

The answer is B.

Question 12
Since f '(1) is not defined then f(x) is discontinuous at x = 1 or has a sharp corner at x = 1. So
f(x) has at most one point of discontinuity. So options A and B are not correct. The gradient of the
graph of f '(x), is zero at one point only, that is at x = 0. We note that the gradient of the function
f(x) just to the left of the point where x = 0 is positive and just to the right, it is negative. So there
is one point of inflection only. Also, a stationary point occurs when f '(x)=0. This occurs only
once when x = -1.
Note that at x = 1, f '(x) is undefined. The answer is C.

Question 13
f ' ' (2) = 0 means that we could have a point of inflection or a stationary point of any kind. If
there is a point of discontinuity at x = 2 on the graph of y = f (x) then y = f ' ( 2) and hence
y = f ' ' (2) will not exist.
The answer is D.

Question 14

5x
1
2

1 2 x 2 dx

= u

5 du
. dx
4 dx

let u = 1 2 x 2
du
= 4 x
dx

5 2
=
u du
4
3
5
2
=
u2.
4
3
3
10
(1 2 x 2 ) 2
=
12
1

5(1 2 x )
6
2

3
2

The answer is C.

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

5
Question 15

x
1 dx
2

2x

= (4 4u )u 2 . 2

x
2
du
1
=
dx
2

let u = 1
du
dx
dx

Also,

x
= 1 u , so, x = 2 2u
2

1
2

= 8 (1 u )u du
1

= 8 (u 2 u 2 )du
3
2

5
2

2u
2u

)+c
3
5
3
5
16
x
16
x
=
(1 ) 2 + (1 ) 2 + c
3
2
5
2

= 8(

The answer is E.

Question 16
2

3
4 x2
1

= 3

4 x2

dx
dx

= 3Sin -1
20

= 3(Sin 11 Sin -1 0)
= 3(
=

0)

3
2

The answer is B.

Question 17

Area required = 1 f (3.5) + 1 f (4.5)

= 6.0 correct to 1 decimal place
The answer is D.

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

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Question 18
3

x
area required = sin 2 ( )dx
3
0
3

1
2x
( 1- cos (
))dx

20
3
3

1
3
2x
= x sin( )
2
2
3 0
The answer is A.

Question 19
5

volume required = y 2 dx
0.5

= (log e (2 x)) 2 dx
0.5

The answer is D.

Question 20

Now,
So,
Also,

y = log e (2t )
dy 1
=
dt t
dy dy dt
= .
dx dt dx
1
1
= . 2
t 3t + 2t
1
= 2
t (3t + 2)

and

x = t 2 (t + 1)
dx
= 3t 2 + 2t
dt

The answer is C.

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

7
Question 21

dy
e2x
=
dx
dx 2 e 2 x
1 du 1
u dx
So,
y =
2 dx
1
= u 1 du
2
1
= log e u + c
2
1
= log e (2 e 2 x ) + c
2
When x = 0, y = 0,
1
0 = log e (2 e 0 ) + c
2
1
0 = log e 1 + c
2
c=0
1
So, y = log e (2 e 2 x )
2

u = 2 e2x
du
= 2e 2 x
dx

The answer is D.

Question 22

dy
dx
dx
The gradient of the normal at ( x, y ) is
dy
dx
dy
1
So,
= 2 x and therefore
=
dy
dx
2x
The gradient of the tangent at ( x, y ) is

The answer is A.

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

8
Question 23

x = Sin 1 (

1
) t0
t 3t

1
t 3t
= (t 2 3t ) 1

let u =

= Sin 1u
dx
1
=
du
1 u2
1
=
1
Now,

du
= 1(t 2 3t ) 2 (2t 3)
dt
=

1
(t 3t ) 2

3 2t
(t 2 3t ) 2

dx dx du
=
.
dt du dt
1
=
1

1
(t 3t ) 2

3 2t
(t 3t ) 2
2

dx
= 0, that is, 3 2t = 0, since if the denominator is equal to zero
dt
dx
3
then
is undefined. So, t = . The answer is E.
dt
2
When particle is at rest,

Question 24

a = 3x 4 x 2
d 1 2
( v ) = 3x 4 x 2
dx 2
1
So,
( v 2 ) = (3x 4 x 2 )dx
2
3x 5 x 3
=

+c
5
3
when x = 0, v = 0 so
0 = 00+c
c=0
So,
So,

So,

1 2 3x 5 x 3
v =

2
5
3
6x5 2x3
v=

5
3

When x = 1, v =
=

6 2

5 3
8
15

So the velocity could be

8
8
or
15
15

The answer is A.

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

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Question 25

r f = [0, ]

d f = [5, 5]
So, d f 1 = [0, ]

r f 1 = [5, 5]

x
Let y = Cos 1 ( )
5
Swap x and y
y
x = Cos 1 ( )
5
Rearranging,
y
= Cos x
5
y = 5Cos x
So, f 1 ( x) = 5Cos x
1

The inverse function is f

: [0, ] R where f 1 ( x) = 5Cos x

The answer is B.
Question 26
We need to make allowance for that part of the area that falls below the x axis.
So, the required area is given by
4

2
2
(t + 2t + 8)dt (t + 2t + 8)dt

The answer is D.
Question 27
The resultant force acting on the body is given by R
~

R = ma

Now,

So, 3 i 7 j i + 5 j = 2 a
~

1
(2 i 2 j )
~
2 ~
~
= i j

a=

So,

The answer is D.
Question 28

(15 g sin 30) i + ( N 15 g cos 30) j = m a

~

= 15a i

So, N

15 3 g
=0
2
15 3 g
N=
2

i
30

The answer is E.

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

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Question 29
From the diagram, we have

R = (T sin 20) i + (T cos 5 g ) j

~

The answer is E.

j
~

Question 30

45

( Fr 5 g sin 45) i + ( N 5 g cos 45) j = 0

~

So, Fr =

(ie m a = 0)
~

5g

2
Now, at the point of slipping, Fr = N ,
5g
5g
= 2
since N =
2
2
= 5g
So, the difference between the frictional force of the mass currently and the frictional force
5g
of the mass when it was on the point of slipping down the plane is given by 5 g
2

The answer is D.

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

11

PART II - short answer solutions

Question 1

f ( x) and g ( x) intersect when

25 x
25 x 2 =
7
(25 x) 2
25 x 2 =
49
2
1225 49 x = 625 50 x + x 2
0 = 50 x 2 50 x 600
= x 2 x 12
= ( x 4)( x + 3)
x = 4 or x = -3

(1 mark)

Area required =

{ f ( x) g ( x)}dx

(1 mark)

3
4

= ( 25 x 2
3

25 x
)dx (use a graphics calculator to evaluate this)
7

= 7.135 (to 3 places)

Area = 7.135 square units (to 3 places) (1 mark)

Question 2
If ai is a solution then a 4 + 6a 3 i 14 a 2 24 ai + 40 = 0 + 0i
So,
a 4 14 a 2 + 40 = 0 and 6a 3 24 a = 0

(a 2 10)(a 2 4) = 0
a = 10 , a = 2

6a(a 2 4) = 0
a = 0, a = 2

Since we require solutions which satisfy both these equations, we have a = 2

So, 2i and 2i are solutions and hence z + 2i and z 2i are factors.
So, ( z + 2i )( z 2i ) = z 2 + 4 is a quadratic factor.
(1 mark)
Now, z 4 6 x 3 + 14 z 2 24 z + 40 = ( z 2 + 4)( z 2 6 z + 10)

(1 mark)

( 1mark)

= ( z 2 + 4)(( z 2 6 z + 9) 9 + 10)
= ( z 2 + 4)(( z 3) 2 + 1)
= ( z + 2i )( z 2i )( z 3 + i )( z 3 i )
So the solutions are z = 2i, 3 i

(1 mark)

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

12
Question 3

sin(2 x) cos

u = cos x

xdx

so,

du
= sin x
dx

= 2 sin x cos x cos 2 xdx

Now, if x =

then u = cos

1
2

= 2 sin x cos 3 xdx

and if x = 0, then u = cos 0 = 1

0
1
2

= 2
1

du 3
u dx
dx

(1 mark) for terminals (1 mark) for integrand

1
2

= 2 u 3 du
1

u 4 2
= 2
4 1
1
1
= 2( 4 )
4
4
3
= 2
16
3
=
(1 mark)
8
Question 4

a. XY = a b
~

YZ = b+ a
~

(1 mark)

a
~

a
~

b
~

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

13
b.

a =b

To Prove :

(1 mark)

XY .YZ = 0 since XYZ = 90

Now,

From part a. the above equation becomes

( a - b ). ( b + a ) = 0
~

(1mark)

a .b + a . a b . b a .b = 0
~

~ ~

So, a 2 b 2 = 0 since a . a = a a cos 0

~

=a
Similarly

b .b = b 2

Therefore

a2 = b2

Therefore

a =b

~ ~

~ ~

Have Proved

(1mark)

Hence MX = MZ = MY
Question 5
a.

(1 mark)
b. Around the 10 kg weight, we have

Fr = T and N = 10 g
Around the 2 kg weight, we have

T = 2g
So, Fr = 2 g

(1 mark)

Now since the weights are on the point of moving, we have

Fr = N

so, 2 g = N
2g
since N = 10 g from above
10 g
1
=
5

(1 mark)

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions

14
Question 6

1
Now,

x x2 x x
2

OR

x2 x 2

( x 2 x 2) + 2
x2 x
=
x2 x 2
x2 x 2
2
= 1+ 2
x x2

________
2
2
x2 x
So, 2
)dx
dx = (1 + 2
x x2
3 x x2
3
a

= (1 +
3

2
)dx
( x 2)( x + 1)

let

2
A
B

+
( x-2)( x + 1) ( x 2) ( x + 1)

A( x + 1) + B( x 2)
( x 2)( x + 1)
True iff
2 A( x + 1) + B( x 2)
2
Put x = 1
2 = 3 B
B=
3
2
Put x = 2
2 = 3A
A=
3
2
2
2
So,
=

( x 2)( x + 1) 3( x 2) 3( x + 1)

= (1 +
3

2
2

)dx
3( x 2) 3( x + 1)

(1 mark)
a

2
2

= x + log e ( x 2) log e ( x + 1)
3
3

3
a

2
x 2

= x + log e
x + 1 3
3

2
a2
2
1

) (3 + log e )
= (a + log e
3
a +1
3
4

2
4(a 2)
= a 3 + log e
(1 mark)
3
a +1
2
We are told that the definite integral is equal to 2 + log e 2
3
Equating, we obtain, a 3 = 2, so, a = 5
4(a 2)
Checking, we obtain
=2
a +1
4a 8 = 2 a + 2
a=5
(1 mark)
Total 20 marks

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2000
Specialist Maths Trial Exam 1 solutions