SME 1413 Entropy Tutorial #5

1. A rigid tank contains an ideal gas at 40 oC that is being stirred by a paddle wheel. The paddle wheel
does 200 kJ of work on the ideal gas. It is observed that the temperature of the ideal gas remains
constant during this process as a result of heat transfer between the system and the surroundings at
30oC. Determine the entropy generation of this process. ( + 0.660 kJ/K).
2. Air is compressed by a 12 kW compressor from P 1 to P2. The air temperature is maintained constant
at 25oC during this process as a result of heat transfer to the surrounding medium at 10 oC. Determine
the rate of entropy change of the air. State the assumptions made. ( 0.0403 kW/K).
3. The radiator of a steam heating system has a volume of 20 L and is filled with superheated water
vapor at 200 kPa and 150oC. At this moment both the inlet and exit valves to the radiator are closed.
After a while the temperature of the steam drops to 40 oC as a result of heat transfer to the room air.
Determine the entropy change of the steam during the process. ( 0.132 kJ/K).
4. A 0.5 m3 rigid tank contains refrigerant-134a initially at 20 kPa and 40 percent quality. Heat is
transferred to the refrigerant from a source at 35 oC until the pressure rises to 400 kPa. Determine (a)
the entropy change of the refrigerant, (b) the entropy change of the heat source, and (c) the total
entropy change for this process. (3.880 kJ/K, 3.439 kJ/K, 0.441 kJ/K)
5. A well-insulated rigid tank contains 2 kg of a saturated liquid-vapor mixture of water at 100 kPa.
Initially, three-quarters of the mass is in the liquid phase. An electric resistance heater placed in the
tank is now turned on an kept on until all the liquid in the tank is vaporized. Determine the entropy
change of the steam during this process. ( 8.10 kJ/K).
6. An insulated piston-cylinder device contains 5 L of saturated liquid water at a constant pressure of
150 kPa. An electric resistance heater inside the cylinder is now turned on and 200 kJ of energy is
transferred to the steam. Determine the entropy change of the water during this process. (5.72 kJ/K).
7. Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 6 MPa and 500 oC and leaves at a pressure of 300 kPa.
Determine the maximum amount of work that can be delivered by this turbine. (.).
8. A 20 kg aluminum block initially at 200 oC is brought into contact with a 20 kg block of iron at
100oC in an insulated enclosure. Determine the final equilibrium temperature and the total entropy
change for this process. (168.4oC, 0.169 kJ/K).
9. A piston-cylinder device contains 1.2 kg of nitrogen gas at 120 kPa and 27 oC. The gas is now
compressed slowly in a polytropic process during which PV 1.3 = constant. The process ends when the
volume is reduced by one-half. Determine the entropy change of nitrogen during this process.
(0.0617 kJ/K).
10. Air is compressed steadily by a 5 kW compressor from 100 kPa and 17 oC to 600 kPa and 167oC at
a rate of 1.6 kg/min. During this process, some heat transfer takes place between the compressor and
the surrounding medium at 17oC. Determine the rate of entropy change of air during this process.
( 0.0025 kW/K).
11. An insulated rigid tank is divided into two equal parts by a partition. Initially, one part contains 5
kmol of an ideal gas at 250 kPa and 40 oC, and the other side is evacuated. The partition is now
removed, and the gas fills the entire tank. Determine the total entropy change during this process.
(28.81 kJ/K).
12. Air is compressed in a piston-cylinder device from 100 kPa and 17 oC to 800 kPa in a reversible,
adiabatic process. Determine the final temperature and the work done during this process, assuming
constant specific heats. (525.3 K, 171.1 kJ/kg)

13. An insulated rigid tank contains 4 kg of argon gas at 450 kPa and 30 oC. A valve is now opened ,
and argon is allowed to escape until the pressure inside drops to 200 kPa. Assuming the argon
remaining inside the tank has undergone a reversible , adiabatic process, determine the final mass in
the tank. (2.46 kg)
14. Liquid water enters a 25 kW pump at 100 kPa at a rate of 5 kg/s. Determine the highest pressure
the liquid water can have at the exit of the pump. Neglect the kinetic and potential energy changes of
water, and take the specific volume of water to be 0.001 m3/kg. (5100 kPa).
15. Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 8 MPa and 500 oC with a mass flow rate of 3 kg/s and leaves at
30 kPa. The isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 0.90. Neglecting the kinetic energy change of the
steam, determine (a) the temperature at the turbine exit and (b) the power output of the turbine.
(69.1oC, 3054 kW)
16. Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 7 MPa, 600 oC, and 80 m/s and leaves at 50 kPa, 150 oC, and
140 m/s. If the power output of the turbine is 6 MW, determine (a) the mass flow rate of steam and (b)
the isentropic efficiency of the turbine. (6.95 kg/s, 73.4%).
17. Steam is to be condensed in the condenser of a steam power plant at a temperature of 60 oC with
cooling water from a nearby lake, which enters the tubes of the condenser at 18 oC at a rate of 75 kg/s
and leaves at 27oC. Assuming the condenser to be perfectly insulated, determine (a) the rate of
condensation of the steam and (b) the rate of entropy generation in the condenser. (1.20 kg/s, 1.06
kW/K).
18. Steam expands in a turbine steadily at a rate of 25,000 kg/h, entering at 6 MPa and 450 oC and
leaving at 20 kPa as saturated vapor. If the power generated by the turbine is 4 MW, determine the rate
of entropy generation for this process. Assume the surrounding medium is at 25 oC. (11 kW/K).
19. Liquid water at 200 kPa and 20 oC is heated in a chamber by mixing it with superheated steam at
200 kPa and 150oC. Liquid water enters the mixing chamber at a rate of 2.5 kg/s, and the chamber is
estimated to lose heat to the surrounding air at 25 oC at a rate of 1200 kJ/min. If the mixture leaves the
mixing chamber at 200 kPa and 60oC, determine (a) the mass flow rate of superheated steam and (b)
the rate of entropy generation during this mixing process. (0.166 kg/s, 0.333 kW/K).
20. Steam enters an adiabatic nozzle at 4 MPa and 450 oC with a velocity of 70 m/s and exits at 3 MPa
and 320 m/s. If the nozzle has an inlet area of 7 cm 2, determine (a) the exit temperature and (b) the rate
of entropy generation for this process. (422.3oC, 0.0361 kW/K).
21. A rigid tank contains 1.5 kg of water at 120 oC and 500 kPa. Now 22 kJ of shaft work is done on
the system and the final temperature in the tank is 95 oC. If the entropy change of water is zero and the
surroundings are at 15oC, determine (a) the final pressure in the tank, (b) the amount of heat transfer
between the tank and the surroundings, and (c) the entropy generation during this process. (84.6 kPa,
38.5 kJ, 0.134 kJ/K).
22. Helium gas is throttled steadily from 500 kPa and 70 oC. Heat is lost from the helium in the amount
of 2.5 kJ/kg to the surroundings at 25 oC and 100 kPa. If the entropy of the helium increases by 0.25
kJ/kg.K in the valve, determine (a) the exit pressure and temperature and (b) the entropy generation
during this process. (442 kPa, 69.5oC, 0.258 kJ/kg.K).