New Applied Technology, Efficiency, and Lighting Initiative

Corporate Agreement # 114-A-00-05-00106-00

Energy Audit Report of Khashuri Hospital

The information provided in this report is not official U.S. Government information and does not
represent the views or positions of the U.S. Agency for International Development or the U.S.
Government.

Energy Audit Report of the Khashuri Hospital

Prepared for: USAID/Caucasus

11 George Balanchine Street,

0131 Tbilisi, Georgia

Prepared by: NEW APPLIED TECHNOLOGY, EFFICIENCY

AND LIGHTING INITIATIVE (NATELI)

I. Chavchavadze Avenue
II Blind Alley, 4-8, Apartment 6

Tbilisi, 0105, Georgia

Tel: +995 32 50 63 43
Fax: +995 32 93 53 52

Prepared by Sustainable Development and Policy Center for Winrock International

Tbilisi
May 2011

Content
1

Summary .................................................................................................................................. 4

2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 5
2.1 Background ............................................................................................................................... 5
2.2 The Project Development Process ............................................................................................ 5
3 Project Organisation ................................................................................................................ 7
4 Standards and Regulation ......................................................................................................... 7
5 Building State Description ......................................................................................................... 8
5.1 General Conditions.................................................................................................................... 8
5.3 Hot Water Supply System ....................................................................................................... 10
5.4 Lighting System ....................................................................................................................... 11
5.5 Various ................................................................................................................................. 11
6.1. Measured Energy Consumption ............................................................................................ 12
6.2 Calculated and Baseline Energy Consumption .................................................................... 12
7

Energy Efficiency Potential................................................................................................... 14

8 Energy Efficiency Measures ................................................................................................. 15

8.1 List of Measures ...................................................................................................................... 15
8.2 Measures ................................................................................................................................ 15
9

Environmental Benefits......................................................................................................... 20

Appendix 1 .................................................................................................................................. 20

1 Summary
The baseline for energy consumption of the Khashuri Hospital for its normal functioning is
approximately 469,094 kWh/year for space heating supplied by a local boiler 202,639
kWh/year for hot water supply as well as 84,206 kWh/year electricity for the lighting
system.
The Energy Audit identified a considerable energy efficiency improvement potential for the
hospital:
206202
23802
105336
4.4

Savings in Delivered Energy

Net Savings
Investments
Payback

kWh/year
GEL/year
GEL
Years

The energy savings potential for the identified energy efficiency and renovation measures is
summarized in the following table, with a ranking of measures and their profitability - Net
Present Value Quotient (NPVQ).
The real interest rate used in these economic calculations is taken as 3.5%. This number
derives from a 15.1% nominal interest rate and the 11.2% official inflation rate.1
For investment and savings assumption effectiveness, all measures should be implemented
within one project. The figures have an accuracy of 10-15%.

EE Potential - Energy Audit

Heated Area: 3845

Khashuri Hospital
EE Measures

Investment

12,349 m

Net Savings

[GEL]

[kWh/yr]

[GEL/yr]

Payback

NPVQ

[year]

1.

Insulation of walls

35800

80410

8845

4.1

2.51

2.

Insulation of ceiling

14036

38846

4273

3.3

3.32

2500

19309

3244

0.8

2.63

53000

67637

7440

7.1

0.99

3.

Installation of a new lighting system

4.

Helio-system

Profitable EE Measures
1.

Insulation of walls

35800

80410

8845

4.1

2.51

2.

Insulation of ceiling

14036

38846

4273

3.3

3.32

3.

Installation of a new lighting system

2500

19309

3244

0.8

2.63

4.

Helio-system

53000

67637

7440

7.1

0.99

105336

206202

23802

4.4

Total

Annual inflation rate was taken as 3.2% according to the ENSI economic program
4

Introduction

2.1 Background
The energy audit of the Khashuri Hospital has been carried out by the Sustainable
Development and Policy (SDAP) Center within the scope of the work of the energy
management component of the NATELI project, led by Winrock International. The results of
the energy audit are included in this report.
The Khashuri Hospital building began operation in 1962 and since then has not been
repaired. The heating system has not functioned since 1990 year.
Currently, redesigning works of the whole building of the hospital are going on. After
reconstruction the building will be provided with a new heating system and with doubleglazed metal-plastic windows.
The goal of the project is to reduce energy costs, improve the indoor environment conditions
and improve building exploitation efficiency.

2.2 The Project Development Process

The project development includes the evaluation and implementation of profitable energy
efficiency (EE) measures in the building. Each building is unique and subsequently each
project must be evaluated separately for the identification of individual energy savings
possibilities. The building owners might have a different vision for renovation and different
requirements for the profitability of EE measures.
Hence, the total Project Development Process is divided into six main activities, as
illustrated in the flow chart below.

1. Project Identification

Project
Identification

Scanning

2. Scanning

Improvement
Potential

3. Energy Audit
Simplified
Auditing

Detailed Auditing
with guarantee

4. Business Plan
Business Planning

5. Implementation
Implementation

6. Operation

Operation

This report is based on a detailed energy audit.

3 Project Organisation

Name of Project/Building/Site:
Address:
Contact Person:
Phone:
Building Owner:
The work is carried out by:
Contact Person for the Energy
Audit:
Address:
Phone:
Fax:
Role in the Project:
Expert:
Phone:
Role in the Project:
Consultant:
Phone:
Role in the Project:
Consultant:
Phone:
Role in the Project:

Khashuri Hospital
Rustaveli St
Archil Akhalkatsi
897 00 19 10 (mobile)
Sustainable Development and Policy (SDAP) Center
Karina Melikidze
#34 Al. Kazbegi Ave. Plot # 3, Office 104, Tbilisi
(99532) 20 67 73
(99532) 42 00 60
Director of the SDAP Center
Karina Melikidze
893 14 62 54
In charge of conducting energy audit by the Key Number
software program and writing report
N. Kevkhishvili GTU Professor
Energy Auditor, in charge of site inspection and carrying
out energy audit
P. Gagnidze Energy Audit Expert
851 340 477
Energy audit team member, in charge of site inspection and
carrying out energy audit

4 Standards and Regulation

The following Standards and Regulations are relevant for the energy efficiency and
renovation measures:
Heating, Ventilation, and Conditioning SNIP 2.04.05-86
Boiler Plant
Sanitary Regulations
Construction Thermal Engineering SNIP II-3-79*
From these standards and regulations, the following requirements are relevant:

Heating, Ventilation, and Conditioning SNIP 2.04.05-86

Boiler Plant
Sanitary Regulations
Construction Thermal Engineering SNIP II-3-79*

5 Building State Description

5.1 General Conditions
Type of Building

Khashuri Hospital

Year of Construction

1962

In regular operation

Working days

Saturday

Sunday

Maintenance

24

24

24

Heating Schedule

24

24

24

(hours/
day)
(hours/
day)

Number of Occupants (staff and in-patients)

Permanent Inhabitants/Staff

30

persons

Number of Beds

31

unit

Average Indoor Temperature: 21

Building Data
Total Area
Total Volume
Floor Area (footprint)

3845
12423
1103

m
m
m

Second Floor Area

Third Floor Area
Number of Floors

External Walls
General evaluation of the condition of the
medium thermal capacity
walls
U
value
Total area of external
1392
m
(averag
walls
e)
N
E
S
Orientation

914
914
3

1.22

m
m

W/mK

Total
Coefficient of the thermal conductivity for walls: concrete is =0.8 w/m*K,
thickness = 0.51 m, exterior cement sandy plaster - =0.02 m,
=0.93w/m*K and from the inside an insulation layer with a thickness
=0.05 m, =0.055 w/m*K is proposed.
Material Type
Required thermal resistance value in case of insulation was calculated as:
m1
R0=1/8.7+0.51/0.8+0.02/0.93+0.05/0.05+0.01/0.8+1/23 =1.83 m2* K/W
Heat transfer value: U= 1/1.83=0.54 W/m2 K

Windows
General evaluation of the condition of windows
268

Total Area of Windows

Orientation

Type
2

2G

2G

NE

Total
Material 1
Type 2

Material1

2G

2G

With double-glazed metal plastic windows.

U value
3.0
m
W/mK
(existing)

Size A x B

Area

Q-ty

m2

1.42x1.2
1.42x1.89
2.02x1.89
2.02x1.2
1.2x0.8

1.704
5.3676
80.173
8
36.36
9.6

1
2
21
15
10

1.42 x1.2
1.42 x1.89

1.704
10.73.
52

1
4

42x1.2
1.42x1.89
2.02.42x1.8
9

15.336
75.146
4
7.6356

9
28
2

1.42x1.2
1.42x1.89
2.44x2.02
2.02x1.89

1.704
10.735
2
4.9288
7.6356
268.8

1
4
1
2

Joints

U value

W/m2K

0.62

0.62

0,62

0.62

101

Wood (W), Aluminium (Al), Plastic (P), Steel (St)

Single-frame (S), Double-frame (D), Bonded frame
(B), Single glazed (1G), Double glazed (2G), Triple
glazed (3G)

Doors
General evaluation of the condition of doors Metal plastic
Type of doors

Single framed double glazing

W/

No. of doors

9 Total area, doors

Roof
General evaluation of the condition of the roof
914
Total Roof Area

Roof type
Roof with garret
Total
Material Type m1
Insulation Type i1

Material
type

Insulation type

m1

Glass wool

26

U-value
(average)

2.91

Acceptable, with attic

U value
1.2
m
W/mK
(average)
Avg.
Insul.
Slab
temp Area
U
thickn. thickn.
.
m
W/mK
m
m
C
0.7
5 cm

10 mm plywood

The heat transfer U value (average) is evaluated as 1.2 W/m2 K. Based on information about
the roof material as well as the results of the site inspection.
Floor (with heat losses to outdoor air, through ground or unheated cold, basement)
General evaluation of the condition of the
Not Acceptable
floor
1103
U value
1.1
Total Floor Area
m
W/mK
(average)
Type of Floor
Under the floor is a basement
Floor
Construction
Concrete covered with laminated plastic and ceramic floor tiles
Materials
5.2 Heating System
The heating system of the Khashuri Hospital hasnt functioned since 1990. Currently,
renovation works are taking place for a whole building reconstruction and afterwards it is
planned to equip the building with a new heating system.

5.3 Hot Water Supply System

After reconstruction, the hospital hot water supply will reach a project design volume of 1350
liter (m2 per year).

10

5.4 Lighting System

Quantity
Luminaries
pcs
Incandescent 100 W
160
Other energy efficient
bulbs
Total
160

Installed
Capacity
kW
16

Average
Power
W/m2
4.2

16

4.2

Type of Control/Comments

Lighting
Average Power Demand

5.0

W/m2

Operation Period

70

h/week

Operation Period

52

weeks/year

Max. Simultaneous Power

8.8

W/m

5.5

Various
Quantity

Various Exploitable
pcs
Computers
X-ray Machine
Ultra Sound Machine
Centrifugal Machine
Urine Testing Machine
Blood Testing Equipment
Other Medical Equipment

1
1
1
1
1

Installed
Capacity
kW
0.2
63
0.25
0.15
6.5

Average
Power
W/m2
0.3
4
0.1
0.1
0.1

0.2
50
120

1.0
2.5
8.1

Total

Comments

Various Exploitable
Average Power Demand

4.0

W/m2

Operation Period

70

h/week

Operation Period

52

weeks/year

Max. Simultaneous Power

5.0

W/m

11

Energy Consumption

6.1. Measured Energy Consumption

As the hospital building was not equipped with a heating system in past years a comparison
of economic parameters was made based on data and the result of energy saving
measures.
Thermal Capacity and Tariffs:
Thermal
Energy Carrier
Capacity
33676
Natural gas

Unit

Comment

kj/m3

i.e. 9.36 kWh/Nm3

Electricity tariff - 0.168 Gel/kWh

Natural gas tariff - 0.8534 Gel/ m3
The thermal energy cost - 0,8534/(9.36*0.86)=0.11 Gel/kWh
6.2

Calculated and Baseline Energy Consumption

The baseline energy consumption of the Khashuri Hospital necessary to ensure normal
operating conditions is 469094 kWh/year for space heating, 202639 kWh/year for hot water
supply and 84206 kWh/year for electricity lighting system purposes.
The building is characterized as one with a medium thermal capacity.
The decision to undertake an energy audit was made because a building renovation is
currently being carried out, thus the aim of this energy audit is to estimate the energy
consumption and ENCON potential in the building and to develop further recommendations.
Energy Budget
The calculated and measured energy consumption before and after the implementation of
the energy efficiency and renovation measures is summarized in the following Energy
Budget Table.

12

ENERGY BUDGET - ENERGY AUDIT

Budget Item

Heating
Ventilation
DHW
Pumps
Lighting
Various
Cooling
Total

Budget Item

Heating
Ventilation
DHW

Before EE
Calculated

Before EE
Measured

Before EE
Baseline

After EE and
Renovation

[kWh/myear]

[kWh/myear]

[kWh/myear]

[kWh/myear]

122.0
122.0
122.0
0
0
0
52.7
52.7
52.7
10.8
10.8
10.8
21.9
21.9
21.9
14.7
14.7
14.7
0
0
0
222.1
222.1
222.1
ENERGY BUDGET - ENERGY AUDIT

81.1
0
52.7
10.8
9.1
14.7
0
168.4

Before EE
Calculated

Before EE
Measured

Before EE
Baseline

After EE and
Renovation

[kWh/year]
469094
0
202639

[kWh/year]
469094
0
202639

[kWh/year]
469094
0
202639

[kWh/year]
312012
0
202639

41353
41353
41353
41353
Pumps
84206
84206
84206
35086
Lighting
56538
56538
56538
56538
Various
0
0
0
0
Cooling
853830
853830
853830
647628
Total
Figure 1. Annual energy consumption calculated by the ENSI Key Numbers Software
Program

Annual Energy Consumption

13

In the ENSI Key Numbers Software:

Column - Baseline presents the required energy consumption for comfortable conditions in
the building under present operating conditions.
Column - After Measures presents the reduced energy consumption estimates as a result
of implementing the suggested ENCON measures.

7 Energy Efficiency Potential

The numbers here result from modelling economic calculations made with the Economy
Software Program. The Energy Auditing Team has identified a considerable energy
efficiency improvement potential for this building, which is presented below:
Savings in delivered energy
Net savings
Investments
Payback

206202

kWh/year
GEL/year
GEL
years

23802
105336
4.4

The energy savings potential for the identification of energy efficiency and renovation
measures is summarized in the following table:

EE Potential - Energy Audit

Heated Area:

Khashuri Hospital
EE Measures

Investment

3845 m

Net Savings

Payback NPVQ

[GEL]

[kWh/yr]

[GEL/yr]

[year]

1. Insulation of walls

35800

80410

8845

4.1

2.51

2. Insulation of ceiling

14036

38846

4273

3.3

3.32

3. Installation of a new lighting

system

2500

19309

3244

0.8

2.63

4. Helios System

53000

67637

7440

7.1

0.99

1. Insulation of walls

35800

80410

8845

4.1

2.51

2. Insulation of ceiling

14036

38846

4273

3.3

3.32

3. Installation of a new lighting

system

2500

19309

3244

0.8

2.63

4. Helios System

53000

67637

7440

7.1

0.99

105336
Total
* Based on a 10.47% real interest rate

206202

23802

4.4

Profitable EE Measures

It is important to pay attention to the first set of measures shown in the upper part of the
14

table and summarized as EE Measures. There are some measures that may be
comparatively expensive, but are still justified taking into account the functions that a
hospital performs.
The reduction of CO2 emissions achieved by implementing all measures identified through
the energy audit is estimated as 51.41 tons/year. These numbers result from the last table
(see the section on environmental benefits). The savings divided by the energy carrier are
multiplied by the CO2 emission coefficients. Then they are summarized and multiplied by the
total building area (3845 m2).
12.8 x 0.399=5.107 (kg/m2a)
40.9 x 0.202= 8.26 (kg/m2a)
5.107 +8.26=13.37 (kg/m2a)
13.37 x 3845=51.41 (t/a)

8 Energy Efficiency Measures

8.1 List of Measures
The following EE and renovation measures are evaluated and described in detail in this
chapter. A list of profitable EE measures is provided in the table below:

Energy Efficiency and Renovation Measures

1.

Thermal insulation of walls

2.

Thermal insulation of ceiling

3.

Installation of fluorescent bulbs

4.

Helio-system for heating and hot water supply

8.2 Measures
A description of all measures that have been evaluated is given below.
Measure
Current Situation

1.

Thermal Insulation of Walls

The walls of the hospital building are constructed from bricks with a thickness of 0.51 m.
Description of Measure
In order to reduce heat loses it is recommended to insulate the inner surface of the walls with
insulation materials - 0.05m glass wool or basalt fiber and an external surface covered by a protective
material.
Calculation of Savings (by the ENSI Key Number Software or other tool)
The above measure requires the insulation of 1392 m2 of walls.
- Waterproofing Primary paint, an investment of 6 GEL/m2 x1392 = 8352 GEL
- Thermal Insulation, an investment of 2.70 GEL/m2 x 1392 = 3759 GEL
- Plastic net, an investment of 1 GEL/m2 x 1392 = 1392 GEL
15

- Wood material, an investment 1.80 GEL/m2 x 1392 = 2505 GEL

- Plaster, an investment of 6.5 GEL/m2 x 1392 = 9048 GEL
- Workers salary, an investment of 7 GEL/m2 x 1392 = 9744 GEL
The total investment constitutes 34,800 GEL.
The amount of saved energy calculated by the software program was defined as 80410 kWh/y. In
monetary terms this will constitute: 80410 x 0.11= 8845 GEL (0.11 GEL is the price of kWH heat
power).
Investment:
GEL
Design/Planning
500
GEL
Project Management
500
Insulation/Installation of the Walls
GEL
34800
GEL
Control and Testing
GEL
As-built Documentation
GEL
Other Expenses
Total Investment
O&M Expenses Per Year (+/-)
Net Savings
Economic Lifetime

35800

GEL

GEL/year

8845

GEL/year

20

Years

16

Measure.
Current Situation

2. Thermal Insulation of Ceiling

A roof with garret is located directly above the heated space. The U-value (average) has been
calculated as 1.2 Wm2/K, based on the results of the site inspection and information about the roof
construction materials.
Description of Measure
After renovation it is planned to cover the roof with a 5 cm filling of basalt or glass wool insulation or
protective wood material. With this measure the U-value reduces to 0.7 Wm2/K

Calculation of Savings (by the ENSI Key Number Software or other tool)
The above measure calls for the insulation of the ceiling area: 914 m2.
- Gypsum board, an investment of 12 GEL/m2 x 914 = 10968 GEL
- Thermal insulation, an investment of 2.7 GEL/m2x 914 = 2468 GEL
Total Investment Constitutes 13436 GEL
The amount of saved energy calculated by the software program was defined as 38,846 kWh/y. In
monetary terms this will constitute: 38846 x 0.11 = 4273 GEL
Investment:
Design/Planning
300 GEL
Project Management
300 GEL
Insulation of the Roof
13436 GEL
GEL

As-built Documentation
Total Investment

14036

GEL

O&M Expenses Per Year (+/-)

GEL/year

Net Savings

4273

GEL/year

Economic Lifetime

20

Years

17

Measure.
Current Situation

3.

Installing the New Lighting System

Currently in the hospital lighting system 160 bulbs are used.

Description of Measure
In order to create comfortable conditions, the energy audit team has decided to renovate the lighting
system in the hospital with energy efficient bulbs.
Calculation of Savings (by the ENSI Key Number Software or other tool)
The baseline energy amount of the lighting system constitutes 84206 kWh/y. It was identified by the
software program that by installing a modern lighting system with compact fluorescent bulbs, the
amount of saved energy will constitute 19309 kWh/y. Calculating this amount of energy by the
electricity tariff, we will get a savings in monetary terms of: 19306 * 0.168 = 3244 GEL.
The investment into replacing the existing lighting system with an efficient one including its installation
constitutes 2000 GEL:
-200 fluorescent bulbs (10 GEL/Piece) 2000 GEL
Investment:
Design/Planning
Project Management
Installing the Fluorescent Bulbs
Required Components
Control and Testing
As-built Documentation
Total Investment

O&M Expenses Per Year (+/-)

Net Savings
Economc Lifetime

200
300
2000

2500

GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL

GEL/year

3244

GEL/year

Years

18

Measure.
Current Situation

4. Helio-system usage in heating and hot water supply

It is planned to install modern hot water supply system working on natural gas with 86% efficiency.
Description of Measure
Besides the above-mentioned measures the energy audit team has decided to substitute the current
system with Helio-systems. The saved thermal energy will constitute 2100 kWh/y.
Calculation of Savings (by the ENSI Key Number Software or other tool)
The mentioned measure demands the installation of 32 solar vacuum type collectors.
- Vacuum type collector, an investment of 32 x 1400 GEL/piece = 44800
- Pump, an investment of 200 GEL
- Accumulation tank 2000 GEL
- Installation, an investment of 5000 GEL
Total investment constitutes: 52000
The amount of saved energy calculated by the software program was defined as 67,637 kWh/y. In
monetary terms this will constitute: 67637 x 0.11= 7440 GEL
Investment:
Design/Planning
Project Management
Installing the Helios System
Control and Testing
As-built Documentation
Other Expenses
Total Investment

O&M Expenses Per Year (+/-)

Net Savings
Economc Lifetime

500
500
52000

53000

GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL

GEL/year

7440

GEL/year

20

years

19

9 Environmental Benefits
The calculated savings in delivered energy and related reductions in CO2 emissions for the
area F = 12349 m2 are identified as follows:

Present Situation Baseline (kWh/ma)

21.9

122.0

After EE and
(kWh/ma)

9.1

81.1.

Savings (kWh/ma)

12.8

40.9

Savings (kWh/a)

49120

157082

CO2 Emission Coefficients (kg/kWh)

0,3999

0.202

CO2 Emission Reductions (kg/ma)

5.107

13.37

CO2 Emission Reductions (t/year)

51.41

Renovation

Measures

Other

Oil

Gas

Central
Heating

Electricity

Energy Carrier

The reduction of CO2 emissions achieved by implementing all the energy efficiency
measures identified through the energy audit is estimated as 51.41 tons/year
12.8 x 0.399 =5.107 (kg/m2a)
40.9 x 0.202 = 8.26 (kg/m2a)
5.107 + 8.26 =13.37 (kg/m2a)
13.37 x 3845 = 51.41 (t/a)

20

Appendix 1
Photos from the Khashuri Hospital

21