Form 2 METHODS OF RESEARCH

Name/s: Careo, Neil Dominick D.

Llarena, Dominick C.
Uy, John Rhen B.

Ite
m
No.

Title of
Article

Name of
Journal
Publisher
(Year)
The
International
Journal of
Engineering
And Science
(2012)

Author/s

Synthesis of
Furfural from
Lignocellulosi
c Biomass as
Agricultural
Residues: A
Review

Objective/s

Methodology

V.U.
Ambalkar
(Government
Poytechnic)
&
Mohd I. Talib
(North
Maharashtra
University)

To determine the
yield of furfural
from rice husks

Experime
nt Set-Up
A batch
reactor
system

Extraction and
Investigation
of Furfural in
Tea leaves and
Comparing
with Furfural
in Rice hull

Journal of
Pharmacy
Research
(2011)

Asieh
Yahyazadeh
(University of
Guilan)

To examine the
furfural yield in
one-stage and
two-stage
processes of
producing
furfural.

Not specified

Production of
Furfural from
Corn Residue
through
Catalytic Fast
Pyrolysis
using ZnCl2 in
a Fluidized
Bed Reactor

Not Stated

Joo-Sik Kim
(2014)
Production
of furfural
from corn
residue
through
catalytic fast
pyrolysis
using ZnCl2
in a fluidize

To determine the
factors or
parameters that
will give better
yield of furfural

Fluidized bed
reactor

Materials
Rice husks,
chloroform,
HCl, NaCl,
H2SO4,
autodesiccator,
three-neck
round bottom
flask, Vigreux
column and a
condenser
tea leaves,
sulphuric acid,
and SnCl2

ZnCl2, corn
cub and corn
stover
residues, and
distilled water

Parameters
Investigated

Theoretical
Concept/s
Used

Conclusion/s

Furfural yield
considering the
type of acid used,
the concentration
of acid, and the
effect of addition
of other reagents

Acid-Hydrolysis

Colourimetric
determination
and gas
chromatography

acid
concentration,
Liquid/Solid
ratio, particle size
and catalyst
nature

Hydrolysis,
catalysis,
dehydration,
depolymerization,
and dissolution

Proximate
Analysis,
Ultimate
Analysis, and
Thermogravemetric
Analysis

Reaction
temperature, feed
rate & size,
pretreatment, and
ZnCl2 content

Thermal (or
thermochemical)
Conversion and
Hemicellulose
Pyrolysis

This study
revealed a good
yield of the
furfural from rice
husk which have
been confirmed by
the various tests
including infrared
spectrophotometric scans.
A two-stage
procedure for
conversion of
pentoses into
furfural exhibited
better yields
than the one-stage
process.
ZnCl2 was effective
for the production
of furfural.
Washing led to the
increase in bio-oil
and furfural
yields.

Test/Analyti
cal Methods
Spectrometry
using Fourier
Transform
Infrared
Spectrometer

Ite
m
No.
4

Title of
Article

Name of
Journal
Publisher
(Year)

Author/s

Objective/s

Methodology
Experime
nt Set-Up

Materials

Parameters
Investigated
Test/Analyti
cal Methods

Theoretical
Concept/s
Used

Conclusion/s