Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
2015-IACC-0415
In [6] a combination of piezoelectric devices and new thinfilm battery technology was used to form multifunctional selfcharging, load-bearing energy harvesting devices for use in
UAV systems. The proposed self-charging structures contain
both power generation and energy storage capabilities in a
multilayered, composite platform consisting of active
piezoceramic layers for scavenging energy, with thin-film
battery layers for storing scavenged energy and a central metallic
substrate layer. In [7], the authors presented a hybrid where two
piezoelectric patches, a macro-fiber and a piezo-fiber
composites (MFC and PFC) placed at the roots of the wings and
a PFC cantilevered piezoelectric beam installed in the fuselage
to harvest energy from wing vibrations and rigid body motions
of the aircraft.
I. INTRODUCTION
Energy harvesting from moving structures has been a topic
of much research, particularly for applications in electrically
powered UAVs like the quadcopter. In recent applications it is
very advantageous to scavenge energy from ambient sources,
since most of these energy sources have energy in abundance.
Most researchers have looked into improving the endurance
of electrically powered UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles)
also known as drones using energy harvesting technologies such
as photovoltaic harvesting and vibration harvesting [1], [2].
However, none of their works reported on a design to harvest
energy directly from continuous rotation of the UAV. This is an
important application for indoor use of drones, since energy
harvesting using solar has been developed extensively and
efficiently for outdoor application of drones where ambient
luminance is in abundance but cannot operate efficiently
indoors. Use of linear generators for energy harvesting have also
been investigated [3].
The work by Toh in [4] uses microgenerator to harvest power
from continuously rotating structures to realize a self-powered
sensor on a rotating body. Here gravitational torque is used
instead of inertia. The harvester is essentially a direct-current
(DC) motor deployed as a generator, and its powered directly
1 Authors
2015-IACC-0415
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ean
Ria Ls Lm
(1)
Simplified as:
Rix L
exn
wix
vxn
wt
(2)
Trotor
Tgenerator BZ r J
wZ r
wt
1
T T
BZ r
J rotor generator
(3)
Te
ea
eb
ec
Zr
e i
a a
ebib ec ic
ke
Z F T e
2 r
ke
2S
Z F T
2 r e 3
ke
4S
Z F T
2 r e 3
(4)
(5)
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2015-IACC-0415
Te
kt
2S
4S
F T e ia F T e ib F T e ic
2
3
3
(6)
F T e
1,
6
2S
,
1 T e
S
3
1,
1 6 T 5S ,
S e 3
0 d Te
2S
3
2S
d Te S
3
S d Te
5S
3
(7)
5S
d T e 2S
3
2015-IACC-0415
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Simulation Results
V. IMPLEMENTATION
In order to meet the requirement to power the quadcopter and
charge the 11.1V battery, the 3.2V generated from the BLDC
generator needs to be stepped up and regulated. Two boost
converters are employed to step up the generated voltage.
Table I. Parameters of the BLDC Generator
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2015-IACC-0415
VBAT _ UV
R
VBIAS 1 UV 2
RUV 1
(8)
VBAT _ OV
R
3
VBIAS 1 OV 2
ROV 1
2
(9)
VBAT _ OK _ PROG
R
VBIAS 1 OK 2
ROK 1
(10)
Output voltage
Input voltage
Fig. 12. Simulation results for the 5.2 Boost Converter using BQ25504
VBAT _ OK _ HYST
R ROV 2
VBIAS 1 OK 2
ROK 1
(11)
2015-IACC-0415
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Output voltage
Input voltage
Some components were also not easy to come by, for example
the micro-generator was obtained from a crashed laptop hard
disk drive. Also coupling the generator to the rotors of the
quadcopter was difficult, the process require that the axis or
rotation for both the generator and the motor are perfectly align.
That can be done on a lab bench fitted with a clamp.
Table IV: Test results for complete Harvester circuit with 100
load.
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2015-IACC-0415
750mAh
1000(2)
0.375 * 60
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
IX. REFERENCES
[1]