Senior High Edition

TOPIC

MEDIA INFORMATION
LITERACY
(Magazine)

Legal, Ethical and Societal Issues In

Media And Information
People and Media
Text Information and Media
Visual Information and Media
Audio Information and Media
Opportunities, Challenges and Power
of Media and Information

Legal, Ethical and Societal

Issues in Media and
Information

Inside of this article youll be

able to know:
The copyright and its fair use,
human rights.
Current issues related to
copyright and actions taken by
the government and private
sectors.
The actions to promote ethical
use of media and information.
Proper conduct and behavior
online (netiquette).

Intellectual Property in
International and Local
Intellectual
Property (IP)
Content

Is the creation of mind, such as

inventions, literacy, and artistic
works, designs and symbols
name and images used in
common.
Types of Intellectual Property
1.
Copyright
-Used to describe the rights
that the creators have over
their literary and artistic
works.
Ex. Of literary and artistic
works :
novels
paintings

 newspaper drawings
databases sculptures
2.
Patent
-The owner will decide on
how
or
whether,
the
inventions can be used by
others in exchange for the
right.
Example:
Exclusive rights granted for
an invention.
3.
Trademark
- A sign capable of
distinguishing goods or
services of one enterprise
from those of other
enterprises.
Example:

Products sold and services

offered by a business
entity.
4.
Industrial Design
- Constitutes the ornamental
or aesthetic aspects of an
article/object.
Example:
(picture)

5.
Geographical
Indication and
Appellation of Origin
- Sign used on goods that
have specific geographical
origin and possess qualities,

a reputation are attainable in

that place of origin.
Example:
(strawberry and place of
origin)

What is
Copyright?

It does not cover ideas,

procedures, methods of
operation or mathematical
concepts because no one
person or institution can claim
sole ownership of these
authorship must exist for these
to be covered by copyright.

Titles, slogan or logos may or

may not have copyright.
Expiration of copyright term
empowers the general public to
have unlimited access and use of
the network as it has become
part of the "public domain
Two types of rights under
copyright law:
Economic Right
Moral Right

The Use of Fair Use

Fair use of Fair Dialing
Certain limitations or exemptions to
copyright.

 Make you invoke when you wish to

copy a portion or an entire work even
if the copyright owner fail to give his
or her permission
Rationale: guarantee a breathing
space for new expression within the
confiners of Copyright Law
Limits the rights of the holders who
are entitled to reproduce works for a
limited time period.

Refers to observing proper etiquette

as you engage in activities over the
internet.

Responsible
Netizenship
Netiquette

Core Rules of Netiquette

Privacy is a natural human right.
Utmost respect of this right should
always be observed.
Great power comes with great
responsibility. Yield your power over
the internet wisely
Do not provoke or attach others. This
way, you help avoid flame wars.
Nobody is perfect. Learn to admit
your mistakes and forgive errant
netizens.
Share only knowledge that matters.
Do not share knowledge that may
jeopardize others.

People and Media

1.
In this article youll be able to know:
The effects of paradigms on media.
The two groups that
engaging/interacting in the use of
media technology.
How people act as media.
The different types of people media.

The three Main Paradigms on

Media Effects

Power and Direct Effect

Audience are devoid of agency on

their media reception and the media
is capable of greatly influenceing the
attitudes and behaviors of these
audience without even realizing it.
2.
Limited Effect
This paradigm believes that you
are highly capable of discerning
propaganda and that media has
limited capacity to persuade you.
3.
Moderate Effect
Audiences are not passive and
are capable of creating
meaningful experience.

People Media/ People in

Media

 People interact in the use,

analysis, evaluation, and
production of media and
information.

People as Media
People who are serving as
channels of information.

Examples of how People

Act as Media
Political Communication
Exchange information within
the context or politics and
governance.
Online Virality
Content is picked up by
random strangers and the
information spreads.

Industrial Application of
People Media
Turning customers to brand
advocates by starting
conversations and bringing
like-minded people together.
Opinion Leaders as People
Media
Opinion leaders are highly
exposed to and actively using
media and becomes source
of viable interpretation of
messages for lower-end
media users.
Citizen Journalism
Able to provide immediate
and oftentimes a real-time
information on events that
mainstream reporters would

normally have no instant

access to.
Social Journalism
Is like an open publishing
where readers intentionally
or unwittingly contribute.
Crowdsourcing/Collective
Mobilization
Group of people or a crowd is
solicited for information by
certain institutions.
1.

Text Information and Media

In this article youll be able to know:
Two of the most important
revolutions in the history of
communication and media.
The difference between
writing and printing of text.
Consideration of choosing a
file format to use for storage
information.
How phonetic alphabet and
the printing system helps
human to store and pass on
knowledge.

Types of Text

Defining Text
Form of phonetic character and one
of the elements of multimedia
products that can be combined with
several other elements to present
information, and to create an
impression or impact.
Categorized into three:
Plaintext- consist of fixed size
characters having essentially the
same-type of appearance.
Formatted Text- appearance
can be changed using font
parameters
Hypertext- link different
electronic documents and enable
users to jump one to the other in
a non-linear way.

Unformatted Text or Plaintext

A set of characters by a 7-bit
binary code in the American
Standard Code of Information
Interchange (ASCII)
Formatted Text
The changing of the typeface of
fonts such as bold, italics,
underline, superscript, subscript,
shapes, font sizes, and colors.
Font Name- is what
distinguish one formatted
text with another.
o 2 General Types of Fonts
Serif- easier to read in printed
works with curves such as TIMES
NEW ROMAN, BOOK ANTIQUA,
(etc.)

Sans Serif- simple forms and

without curve such as CALIBRI,
TAHOMA, (etc).
Hypertext
Typically seen in the WWW
which links several web
pages together and also
known as hyperlinks or
underlined text string.
Anchor- the underlined
string
Target Document- are
assigned with a web site
address known as Uniform
Resources Locator (URL)
Word Processor
Any computer software that
produce, edit, and format

mainly text-based
documents.
Microphone and Specialist speechto-text software
Sound of your voice will be
recognize by a computer.
File Format
The digital document or
information that is stored in a
computer as a sequence of
bit and bytes.
Common File Formats:
.txt(text)- unformatted
text document created
by an editor such as
Notepad on Windows

.doc(document)- native
format for storing
documents created M3
Word package.
.pdf(portable
document format)exchange of documents
support images and
graphics.
.ps(postscript)- a page
description language.
Consideration when choosing a file
format to use for storage
information:
Format specification.
Proprietary constraints from a
competing file format developer.

 Accepted standards on choosing a

file format
Convenience of extracting the data
for further use and indexing.
Issue of obsolescence especially the
earlier versions of a file format.
Fidelity (or maintenance of the
quality or the text when saved in a
particular file format)
Storing a file in a particular format is
an important decision since you need to
consider how the document may be
migrated and be accessed in another
computer system.

Visual Information and Media

Visual Information

In this article youll be able to

know:
Alternative style or format in Visual
Information.
Stages of image generation that
involves the use of the new gadgets like
digital camera and image scanner.
The proper use of graphics to make the
work compatible.

Visual Information

 Photographs, Motion picture, video

recordings, graphic arts, and visual
aids are the form of visual media.
Pictures are just supplements to the
text-they also complement and complete
the meaning suggested by the written
text.
2 Categories of Visual Information
Images-picture that depict some
real world situation typically captured
by a camera.
Graphics- Pictures drawn or painted
that depict any fictitious scenario.

Images
See as either pure black and white
or grayscale having a gray shades
number containing a number of color
shades
Color as Primary Attribute of Images
In visual arts, black is considered as
the presence of all colors as a
pigment.
Color Models
Sets of colors
Two most common color models
RGB Color Model
o Red, Green, Blue are the
primary colors to light
images.
CMYK Color Model

o Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Block

are the primary colors.

Pictures that are drawn by hand or

through computer software

Stages of Image Generation

Input Stage
Involves the use of image
scanner or digital camera to
converts image into pixels or
digital versions.
Editing
The digital image is manipulated
with the use of editing software.
Storing or Saving the Image
Storing the image in a specific
file format and displayed on the
computer.
Graphics

Uses of Graphics
use to build user interface for
websites and multimedia(clickable,
item, button, window)
use for 2D and 3D modeling,
animation, simulation, and other
related applications by simulators
and animators.
Use in artwork and decorations and
used to design program title cards or
banners, advertisements, and visual
effects for TV and film.

 Advantages and Disadvantages

of Audio Media

Audio Information and Media

In this article youll be able to
know:
How sound works or give effects
on Audio Media.
The fundamental attributes of
sound.
The different types of Audio
Media.
The importance of sound in Audio
Media.
The difference between Hearing
and Listening.

Sound
Has both technical and aesthetic
roles in media production.
Energy form that propagated by
vibrating objects.
Vital in film and television production.
Acoustic

 Nature of sound or audio in term of

generation, transmission, and
reception.
Noise
Cause a destruction to the desired
kind of sound.

Four Fundamental Attributes of

Sound
Amplitude
How sound particles are
displaced or scattered that
produce a certain level or
intensity of loudness.

Frequency
Associated with pitch which is
measured in Hertz (hz).
Wave Form
Actual shape of the sound
Speed of Propagation
Pertains to how quickly sound
travels.

Why is sound important in Audio

Media?
Enhances the audiences viewing
experience
Integral component of file and
television content because of its

capacity to make pictures more

authentic.
Enhance the visual of the story being
narrated.
Hearing Vs Listening

Has wide variety of choices for

storing audio files
Can augment visuals in ways that
can enhance your appreciation of
information.

Hearing
Accidental, involuntary, effortless
and automatic brain response to
sound that requires no effort
Listening
Active, Focuses, concentrated
attention for the purpose of
understanding the meaning.
Advantages of Audio Media
Inexpensive, accessible, and easy to
use

Disadvantages of Audio Media

Necessity to be familiar with various
software on audio technology.
Occasionally audio-only format
restricts that content that can be
conveyed.
Abstract concepts are usually
challenging to convey using audio
media.