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1. Introduction
12. References
1.2 Developments in power sector have seen more high voltage transmission
lines at 765 kV and HVDC systems, large generating stations coming up,
which makes the Indian grid more and more complex. Indian grid has
interconnection with neighbouring countries also. Hence the need was felt
to develop the written document for the guidance of real time operator on
reactive power management for day to day operation.
1.3 No special reactive compensation devices were used in the early AC power
systems, because the generators were situated close to the loads. As
networks became more widespread, there was a need for development of
reactive power compensation devices.
1.5 During the steady-state operation of an AC power system, the active power
production must match the consumption plus the losses otherwise the
frequency will change. There is an equally strong relationship between the
reactive power balance of a power system and the voltages
1.6 Control of voltage and reactive power should satisfy the following
objectives:
a) Control the power flow in the system to an optimal level in order to reduce
losses. This ensures that the transmission system operates efficiently.
b) Maintain power supply quality by maintaining bus voltages close to
nominal value.
c) To control the reserve reactive power in order to ensure its sufficiency
during normal and emergency conditions to prevent voltage collapse.
d) System stability is enhanced to maximize utilization of the transmission
system. Voltage and reactive power control have a significant impact on
system stability.
e) Maximize the existing reactive power resources to minimize investment in
additional facilities.
1.8 Reactive power (VAR) is required to maintain the voltage to deliver active
power (watts) through transmission lines. Motor loads and other loads
require reactive power to convert the flow of electrons into useful work.
When there is not enough reactive power, the voltage sags down and it is
not possible to push the power demanded by loads through the lines.
1.9 A great many loads consume not only active but also reactive power. The
electric network itself both consumes and produces reactive power.
Transmission and distribution of electric power involve reactive power
losses due to the series inductance of transformers, overhead lines and
underground cables. The generation of power also contains reactive
components. Hence it is important to monitor and control reactive power
resources and reactive power consuming elements to maintain proper
voltages in the grid within safe and secure limits
1.10 This document covers the basic concepts of reactive power, production and
absorption of reactive power, Methods of voltage control, Applications of
Reactor, capacitor and FACTS/SVC to the transmission system,
Synchronous condenser, Application of tap changing of Transformer etc.
1.11 NLDC/RLDCs shall follow up and examine reactive power absorption and
injection sources to ensure the sufficiency of reactive power absorption and
injection sources in their areas in order to maintain voltage levels at all
points during normal and emergency conditions. RLDCs/NLDC needs to
compile the constantly updated information concerning the availability of
relevant equipment.
e) CTU shall carry out planning studies for Reactive Power compensation of
ISTS including reactive power compensation requirement at the
generators /bulk consumers switchyard and for connectivity of new
generator/ bulk consumer to the ISTS in accordance with Central
Electricity Regulatory Commission (Grant of Connectivity, Long-term
(s) All Users, RLDC, SLDC/STUs, CTU and NLDC shall take all possible
measures to ensure that the grid voltage always remains within the
following operating range.
Voltage (kV-rms)
Nominal Minimum Maximum
765 728 800
400 380 420
220 198 245
132 122 145
110 99 121
66 60 72
33 30 36
t) All Users, CTU and STUs shall provide adequate voltage control measures
through voltage relay as finalized by RPC, to prevent voltage collapse and
shall ensure its effective application to prevent voltage collapse/cascade
tripping.
g) The SLDC shall take into account the Wind Energy forecasting to meet
the active and reactive power requirement.
2) The charge for VArh shall be at the rate of 10 paisa/kVArh w.e.f. 1.4.2010,
and this will be applicable between the Regional Entity, except Generating
Stations, and the regional pool account for VAr interchanges. This rate shall
be escalated at 0.5paise/kVArh per year hereafter, unless otherwise revised
by the Commission.
5) Switching in/out of all 400 kV bus and line Reactors throughout the grid
shall be carried out as per instructions of RLDC. Tap changing on all
400/220 kV ICTs shall also be done as per RLDCs instructions only.
6) The ISGS and other generating stations connected to regional grid shall
generate/absorb reactive power as per instructions of RLDC, within
capability limits of the respective generating units, that is without sacrificing
on the active generation required at that time. No payments shall be made
to the generating companies for such VAr generation/absorption.
ii) The two concerned Regional Entities except Generating Stations may
mutually agree to adopt a payment rate/scheme for VAr exchanges
between them identical to or at variance from that specified by CERC
for VAr exchanges with ISTS. If the agreed scheme requires any
additional metering, the same shall be arranged by the concerned
Beneficiaries.
iv) The computation and payments for such VAr exchanges shall be
effected as mutually agreed between the two Beneficiaries.
2. Existing Units
For thermal generating unit having rated capacity of 200 MW and above
and hydro units having rated capacity of 100 MW and above, the
following facilities would be provided at the time of renovation and
modernization.
(1) Every generating unit shall have Automatic Voltage Regulator.
Generators having rated capacity of 100 MW and above shall have
Automatic Voltage Regulator with two separate with two separate
channels having independent inputs and automatic changeover.
3.1.1 Reactive power is defined for AC systems only. Reactive power is produced
when the current waveform is out of phase with the voltage waveform due
to inductive or capacitive loads. Current lags voltage with an inductive load
and leads voltage with a capacitive load. Only the component of current in
phase with voltage produces real or active power that does real work like
running motors, heating etc. Current is in phase with voltage for a resistive
load like an incandescent light bulb. Reactive power is necessary for
producing the electric and magnetic fields in capacitors and inductors.
3.1.2 Reactive power is present when the voltage and current are not in phase,
one waveform leads the other, Phase angle not equal to zero and power
factor less than unity. It is measured in volt-ampere reactive (VAR). It is
produced when the current waveform leads voltage waveform (Leading
power factor). Vice versa, consumed when the current waveform lags
voltage (lagging power factor).
Power Triangle
3.1.3 Real and reactive power is in quadrature (90 degrees out of phase) and
hence the letter Q is commonly used to designate reactive power. Real
power is commonly designated as P.
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3.1.4 Analogy #1 for Active Power and Reactive power is the bicycle analogy.
Power stations, producing electrical energy, are represented by bikers. At
the backseat of the bike there are passengers, the consumers of electrical
energy (the loads). A reactive load can be represented by a passenger
leaning to one side. The fact that the passenger is leaning to one side, does
not influence directly the work that the biker has to deliver, but without
compensation, the bike might fall over. The biker compensates the
movement of his passenger by leaning in opposite direction (= by
generating reactive power).
Consequences:
A pedaling figure leaning to one side cannot work as comfortably as
before i.e. limiting capacity of transmission line
The bike catches more head wind i.e. extra losses.
BICYCLE ANALOGY
3.1.5 Another analogy for understanding the Reactive power concept is the Beer
Mug analogy, a bit simplistic. Reactive power takes up space on
transmission lines. Here reactive power is like the head on a beer because it
takes up space in the glass leaving less room for the real beer. For a
transmission line, the square of the real power plus the square of the
reactive power must be less than the square of the thermal capacity
(measured in volt-amperes) of the line. When thermal capacity is exceeded
significantly for a long time, the line will sag, possibly into vegetation,
causing a short circuit, or anneal,. Since power is the algebraic product of
voltage and current, the same power at high voltages has a lower current,
and hence, has lower losses.
3.1.6 The additional current flow associated with reactive power can cause
increased losses and excessive voltage sags. Transmission system operators
have to ensure that reactive reserves are available to handle system
contingencies such as the loss of a generator or transmission line because
increased current flow after the occurrence of contingencies can produce
greatly increased reactive power absorption in transmission lines.
3.1.7 The transmission lines generate VARS under No load or less loaded
conditions and consume VARS under loaded conditions. At any given point
of time the power system can experience different voltage levels at various
locations.
3.1.8 In general, under peak load conditions, voltages are high at reactive source
points and are low at load points and the direction of reactive power flow is
from source to the load, whereas, under the off peak conditions, the reactive
power flow is from load points to source.
3.1.9 The transmission of VARS over transmission elements during peak load
conditions further burdens the transmission elements and as a result, the
voltages at the load end become further less. Hence it is desirable to meet
the reactive power requirement locally and necessary planning of reactive
compensation to be carried out. Even at nominal frequency and satisfactory
voltage operating conditions, voltage collapse cannot be ruled out as voltage
is a local phenomenon.
3.1.10 System voltage levels are directly related to the availability of reactive
power. System events, such as the loss of a transmission line, create an
instantaneous change in the reactive power demand. Shunt capacitors are
not able to switch fast enough to supply the increase in demand and prevent
further voltage decline. Therefore, generators must have some capability to
immediately respond to system events by providing additional reactive
power to the system.
Static: Loads
Shunt capacitors Induction motors (pumps,
Transmission Lines - charging fans etc)
Under ground cables Inductive loads (chokes etc)
Filter banks Transformers
Loads -Capacitive Transmission lines
Dynamic: Static Thyristor based devices
Gen. Over excited (SVC)
Synchronous condensers Reactors
Static Thyristor based devices Synchronous machines
(SVC)
3.1.12 Static: Capacitors and inductors (or reactors) supply and consume static
reactive power, respectively. These are called static devices since they have
no active control of the reactive power output in response to the system
voltage. They cannot quickly change their reactive output level with
respect to system change.
3.2.1 A great many loads consume not only active but also reactive power. The
Industry wise power factor is generally observed to be as follows:
3.2.3 Both controlled rectifiers and arc furnaces of steel mills have a reactive
power consumption characterized by a high average value and fast
variations. Purely resistive loads, like filament lamps and electric heaters, do
not, of course, consume reactive power.
3.2.4 The synchronous motor is the only type of individual load, which can
produce reactive power. It consumes reactive power when under excited
and produces reactive power when overexcited. Synchronous motors are
usually operated overexcited and thus usually produce reactive power.
3.3.2 Controlling the voltage is a local problem. In other words, the voltage
3.3.2 control problems need to be solved separately by each control area. This
can be achieved by providing sufficient reactive power sources for
controlling voltage level as specified in IEGC. The voltage controlling
problems can be divided into two situations, which are normal situation
and emergency situation.
b) A system is voltage unstable, if for at least one bus in the system, the bus
voltage magnitude decreases as the reactive power injection in the same bus
is increased.
a) When voltages in an area are significantly low or blackout occurs due to the
cascading events accompanying voltage instability, the problem is
considered to be a voltage collapse phenomenon. Voltage collapse normally
takes place when a power system is heavily loaded and/or has limited
reactive power to support the load. The limiting factor could be the lack of
reactive power (SVC and generators hit limits) production or the inability to
transmit reactive power through the transmission lines.
d) As defined in the IEGC Section 5.2(s), the operating range of the voltages at
various voltage levels of the grid are as follows:
Voltage (kV-rms)
Nominal Minimum Maximum
765 728 800
400 380 420
220 198 245
132 122 145
110 99 121
66 60 72
33 30 36
The maximum and minimum values in the above table are the outer limits
and all the regions shall endeavour to maintain the voltage level within the
above limits. The steady state voltage is maintained within the limits given
in above table. However, the step change in voltage may exceed the
above limits where simultaneous double circuit outage of 400 kV lines are
considered. In such cases, it may be necessary to supplement dynamic VAR
resources at sensitive nodes.
f) The control centers shall apply the following mechanism for voltage control
in general.
i) Generating units of all the region shall keep their Automatic Voltage
Regulators (AVRs) in operation and power system stabilizers (PSS) in AVRs
shall be tuned in line with clause 5.2(k) of IEGC.
ii) The transformer tap positions on different 765kV, 400kV & 220kV class ICTs
& GTs shall be changed as per requirements in order to improve the grid
voltage.
i) In the event of persistent high voltage conditions when all other reactive
control measures as mentioned earlier including opening of redundant HT
lines within the state system by the concerned SLDCs have been exhausted,
selected 400 / 230 / 220 / 132 / 110 KV lines shall be opened for voltage
control measures.
ii) The opening of lines and reviving them back in such an event would be
carried out as per the instructions issued by RLDC/NLDC in real time and
as per the standing instructions issued from time to time. While taking such
action, RLDC/NLDC would duly consider that to the extent possible the
same does not result in affecting ISGS generation as well as the system
security & reliability is not affected.
i. Each constituent shall provide for the supply of its reactive requirements
including appropriate reactive reserves, and its share of the reactive
requirements to support safe and secure power transfer on interconnecting
transmission circuits.
ii. The RLDC and constituent states shall take action in regard to VAR
exchange with the grid looking at the topology and voltage profile of the
exchange point. In general, the beneficiaries shall endeavour to minimize the
VAR drawl at interchange point when the voltage at that point is below the
nominal value and shall not inject VARs when the voltage is above the
nominal value. In fact, the beneficiaries are expected to provide local VAR
compensation so that they do not draw any VARs from the grid during low
voltage conditions and do not inject any VARs to the grid during high
voltage conditions.
j) Load Management for controlling the Voltage:- All the regions shall
identify the radial feeders in their areas in consultation with SLDCs which
have significant reactive drawls and which can be disconnected in order to
improve the voltage conditions in the event of voltage dropping to low
levels. The details of all such feeders shall be kept ready in the respective
control rooms of RLDC/SLDC and standing instruction would be given to
1. In the event of high voltage (when the bus voltage going above 410 kV),
following specific steps would be taken by the respective grid
substation/generating station at their own, unless specifically mentioned by
NLDC/RLDC/SLDCs.
2. In the event of low voltage (when the bus voltage going down below
390kV), following specific steps would be taken by the respective grid
substation/generating station at their own, unless specifically mentioned by
NLDC/RLDC/SLDCs.
i) Close the lines which were opened to control high voltage in consultation
with RLDC/SLDC.
ii) The bus reactor be switched out
iii) The manually switchable capacitor banks are switched in.
iv) The switchable line/tertiary reactor are taken out
v) Optimize the filter banks at HVDC terminal.
vi) All the generating units on bar shall generate reactive power within
capability curve.
vii) Operate synchronous condenser for VAR generation.
viii) Operate hydro generator / gas turbine as synchronous condenser for VAR
generation wherever such facilities are available.
ix) Increase power flow on HVDC terminals so that loading on parallel EHV
network goes down resulting in rise in voltage.
i) This option is rarely used say for example when two islands has to be
synchronized and voltage has to be controlled at the end where line has to
be synchronized.
ii) Voltage of the large interconnected grid can also be controlled by controlling
the system frequency. As per Modern Power Station Practice, System
Operation Volume-I (2), the general synchronous machine equations shows
that voltage levels are directly proportional to frequency and for good
voltage control extremes of system frequency must be avoided.
E=4.44f N. Where: E is the EMF Generated; f is the Frequency, the flux.
iii) Times of low frequency are usually associated with plant shortage. The
reactive capability is low as the units are running at rated MW capacity; any
increase in reactive power would only be at the cost of reduction in MW
output, something that is not usually allowed as per the Indian Electricity
Grid Code section 6.6 Para 6.
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.1.3 The series inductive reactance of a transmission line depends on both the
inductance of the line and the frequency of the power system.
4.1.5 The consumption of reactive power by transmission line increases with the
square of current i.e., the transmission of reactive power requires an
additional demand for reactive power in the system components.
4.1.6 Thus, when it is critically needed during large power transfers, reactive
power is the most difficult to transport. In order to obtain an acceptable
voltage level, reactive power generation and consumption have to be
situated as close to each other as possible to avoid excessive transmission.
4.1.7 When reactive losses are negative, the line is supplying reactive power;
when they are positive, it is consuming reactive power.
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4.2 SURGE IMPEDANCE LOADING (SIL)
4.2.1 Transmission lines and cables generate and consume reactive power at the
same time. The transmission lines have both capacitive and inductive
properties. The reactive power generation is almost constant, because the
capacitance of the line is usually constant, and the lines reactive power
consumption depends on the current or load connected to the line that is
variable. So at the heavy load conditions transmission lines consume
reactive power, decreasing the line voltage, and in the low load conditions
generate reactive power, increasing line voltage.
4.2.2 The case when lines reactive power produced by the line capacitance is
equal to the reactive power consumed by the line inductance is called
natural loading or Surge Impedance Loading (SIL) meaning that the line
provides exactly the amount of MVAr needed to support its voltage. The
balance point at which the inductive and capacitive effects cancel each other
is typically about 40% of the lines thermal capacity. Lines loaded above SIL
consume reactive power, while lines loaded below SIL supply reactive
power.
4.2.3 Impedance which is connected to the line at the Surge Impedance loading is
called Characteristic Impedance (Surge Impedance) (Zc) and is equal to
=sqrt (X/B) where X is the reactance and B is the susceptance of the
transmission line in per unit. Defining in terms of inductance (L) and
capacitance (C), Surge impedance (SI) would be equal to sqrt (L/C).
4.2.4 The amount of reactive power consumed by a line is related to the current
flowing on the line or the voltage drop along the line. The amount of
reactive power supplied by a line is related to the line voltage. An ideal line
with zero resistance (zero real losses) that is loaded at its surge impedance
loading will have the same voltage at both ends because it is not supplying
or consuming reactive power.
4.2.5 The surge impedance loading of a 400 kV twin Moose uncompensated line
would be 517 MW as shown in below example 4.1.
Example-4.1
For a twin Moose 400 kV line the SIL can be worked out as follows:-
4.4.1 The SIL is usually much lower than the thermal rating. Below 69 kV the line
charging is usually negligible while it is a significant source of reactive
power for long lines of higher system voltages. The maximum permissible
line loadings derived from St. Clairs curve. SIL given in table above is for
uncompensated line. Further in order to take into account the compensation,
SIL has to be recalculated. After that, the modified SIL has to be multiplied
by the factor derived from St. Clair's curve.
From the example 4.1, the SIL calculated for 400 kV twin Moose
uncompensated line without considering the length is 517MW.
In the below example 4.2, the SIL of 400kV twin moose has been calculated
by considering length and shunt reactive compensation.
4.4.4 Example-4.2
Let us now consider a 300 KM, Twin Moose Conductor, 400 kV S/C line
with 50 MVAR Reactor at both ends. The Reactors are rated for 420 kV and
hence have to be converted to 400 kV
Reac(NEW) = Reac(old) X (400^2)/ (420^2)= 45.35 MVAR
The Charging MVAR for a 300 kM long line is 165 MVAR (at 55MVAR per
100 KMS)
In case of Shunt Compensated lines, the degree of compensation (k) is the
sum of Reactors at both ends divided by line charging MVAR, which
is equal to (45.35+45.35)/165 = 0.55
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The new Steady State Limit would then be
=517 MW * (1-k)* St Claire Curve Point
=517 MW * (1-k)* 1.3
where k= 0.55 and 517 MW is the SIL without compensation & 1.3 is the St
Claires Curve point corresponding to 300 Kms as shown in the figure
below.
= 347 MW * 1.3
= 451 MW
4.5.1 Electric transmission lines have both capacitive and inductive properties.
Shunt reactors are used to compensate for the effects of line capacitance,
particularly to limit voltage rise on open circuit or light load and switching
operations. They are usually required for EHV overhead lines longer
than 200 km. A shorter overhead line may also require shunt reactors if the
line is supplied from a weak system (Low short circuit Capacity).
4.5.3 In the event of persistent low voltage conditions, some of the line reactors
are to be selected on the basis of line length, grid conditions, network
NLDC REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT -a resource handbook Page 29 of 66 JAN-2012
topology etc. by each region which can be switched off in order to improve
the system voltage profile. The switching off of such line reactors and
reviving them back would be carried out as per the instructions issued by
RLDCs/SLDCs.
4.5.5 A shunt Reactor of sufficient size must be permanently connected to the line
to limit fundamental-frequency temporary over voltage to about 1.5 pu for a
duration of less than 1 second. Such line connected reactors also serve to
limit energization over voltage (switching transients). Additional shunt
reactors (i.e. Bus Reactors) may be connected to the EHV bus or to the
tertiary windings of adjacent transformers to maintain normal voltage under
light-load conditions. During heavy loading conditions when system
voltage is low, some of the line/bus reactors (those are switchable i.e.
provided with circuit breaker) may have to be disconnected.
4.5.6 Shunt reactors are similar in construction to transformers, but have a single
winding (per phase) on an iron core with air gaps and immersed in oil. They
may be either single phase or three phase construction. Normally there are
two types of shunt reactors Line reactor and bus reactor. Line reactors
functionality is to avoid the switching and load rejection over voltages
where as Bus reactors are used to avoid the steady state over voltage during
light load conditions.
4.5.7 They can be either permanently connected to the system or switchable one.
Use of shunt rectors at normal operating condition may reduce system
voltage and increase losses. Hence switchable reactors are better choice since
they can be switched off whenever it is not required.
4.5.10 List of inter regional lines ( 400kV and above) with reactor details is given in
Annexure 1.
4.5.12 Selection of lightly loaded lines for voltage control:- When a particular
line is opened, the MVAR relief available for that line opening is estimated
for all the 400kV and above transmission lines for all the region.
In addition to that, if the line has the provision for using line reactor as bus
reactor by manually or through switching arrangements, then the MVAR
relief available for those lines also calculated. This is explained in
Annexure 3.
4.5.13 400kV & 765kV Reactors installed capacity at all India level is attached as
Annexure 4.
4.5.14 Fault level in substation:- Fault level of substation besides giving an idea
about the maximum breaking current possible of that substation, it also
gives an idea about sensitivity of bus voltage to the reactive power injection
or drawl. Fault level of 400kV & above Buses is attached as Annexure 5.
5.1.1 There has been a phenomenal growth in the use of shunt capacitors as a
means of local provisions of reactive power, particularly within
distribution systems. Shunt capacitors supply reactive power and boost
local voltages thereby enhancing the system capacity and reducing the
losses.
5.1.2 The presence of these in distribution system reduces the transfer of reactive
power from EHV system, thereby contributes to efficiency of power
transmission & distribution.
5.1.3 They are used throughout the system and are applied in a wide range of
sizes. Shunt capacitors are used to compensate for the I2X losses in
transmission system and to ensure satisfactory voltage levels during
heavy loading conditions.
5.1.4 The advantages of shunt capacitors are their low cost compared to SVCs
and their flexibility of installation and operation.
5.1.5 The principal disadvantage of shunt capacitors is that their reactive power
output is proportional to the square of the voltage. The reactive power
output is reduced at low voltages when it is likely to be needed most. As
the voltage falls the reactive power supplied by the capacitors decreases
according to the square of the voltage, causing voltage to fall further.
5.1.6 Precise and speedy control of voltage is not possible as capacitor banks are
discrete devices, but they are often configured with several steps to provide
a limited amount of variable control.
5.1.9 When capacitors are switched out, they must be discharged before
reconnection, normally with discharge time ranging from two to fifteen
minutes. In some special applications, capacitor banks are equipped with
fast discharge reactors. Hence switching speeds can be quite fast with
current limiting reactors to minimize switching transients that will
discharge the capacitors in about 120 milliseconds(ms) thus enabling them
to be reconnected to provide voltage support to the power system.
5.1.10 Capacitor banks at the distribution level are often not switched off at high
voltages as the operators are reluctant to interrupt capacitive currents
(perceived maintenance issues) or the high voltages in the super-grid have
not percolated to the distribution level due to sub-optimal taps. Though
switching off the capacitors is more of a pre-emptive and administrative
issue rather than a real time undertaking, a judicious action in the matter
can certainly alleviate the problem of high voltage.
5.2.1 In series capacitors the reactive power is proportional to the square of the
load current, thus generating reactive power when it is most needed
whereas in shunt capacitors it is proportional to the square of the
voltage.
S
5.2.2 OBJECTIVES OF SERIES COMPENSATION
Reduction in line voltage drop Although the line voltage drop is
reduced during high load periods the voltage at the receiving end will
rise during light load periods.
Effect on the load flow in parallel lines As the impedance of the
compensated line is reduced, loading of parallel lines is reduced.
Increase of transmission capability The compensated line can be
loaded closer to its thermal limit. Increase of stability margin For the
same power flow, the angular separation of the bus voltages across the
compensated line will be less.
5.2.3 The reactive power produced by a series capacitor increases with increasing
power transfer. Series capacitors are normally installed in 220kV and above
systems. They reduce net transmission line inductive reactance.
5.2.5 There are certain unfavorable aspects of series capacitors. Generally the cost
of installing series capacitors is higher than that of a corresponding
installation of a shunt capacitor. This is because the protective equipment
for a series capacitor is often more complicated.
5.2.6 Typical degrees of compensation vary from 30% to 70% of the line
impedance. Values below 30% do not contribute substantially to any
improvement. Values beyond 70% endanger the stability of the network.
5.2.8 Comparison between shunt and series compensation is shown in the below
table.
S. Shunt compensation Series compensation
N
2. The voltage across the shunt The voltage across the series capacitor
capacitor is substantially constant as changes instantaneously as it depends on
NLDC REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT -a resource handbook Page 34 of 66 JAN-2012
S. Shunt compensation Series compensation
N
it is equal to the system voltage and the load current through it, which varies
generally within certain limits of say from 0 to ILmax
0.9 to 1.1 pu.
3. The power developed across the The power developed across the series
shunt capacitor is capacitor is
v
.v
v2 Cse KVAR = (IL XCse) (IL)= IL2 XCse
x
Csh KVAR = cSH x Csh
4. The shunt capacitor supplies lagging The series capacitor reduces the line
reactive power to the system. Hence reactance as it introduces leading
directly compensating the lagging reactance in series of the line. Thus series
KVAR load. It improves the load capacitor at rated frequency Compensates
power factor substantially. Hence its for the drop, through inductive reactance
main purpose is to compensate the of the feeder. Hence it is used to increase
load Power factor the line transmission capacity.
5. The size and capacity of shunt The size and capacity of a series capacitor
capacitor is generally higher for the is relatively lesser for the same voltage
same voltage regulation regulation
6. Not suitable for transient voltage The voltage regulation due to series
drops caused by say, frequent motor capacitor is proportional to the IL2 hence
starting, electric welding etc. it meets the requirements of transient
voltage changes
8. The shunt capacitor need not be on The series capacitor should always be on
the source side. But closer to the load the source side of the load.
point
10. The Ferranti effect is aggravated by The Ferranti effect is reduced by the
shunt compensation series capacitor
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S. Shunt compensation Series compensation
N
11. Power transferred through a line With Cse, Vr increases and X decreases
VsVr
Sin
hence P increases much more.
P= X
with shunt capacitor, Vr increases
P increases
12. The shunt compensation does not The voltage across series capacitor
require special protection abnormally rises due to flow of fault
arrangements as the terminal voltage current through it. Hence it requires
of the capacitor bank falls under fault special protection schemes.
conditions
6.1 In line with IEGC clause 6.6.5 & 6.6.4, the transformer tap positions on
different 765kV, 400kV & 220kV class ICTs & GTs shall be changed as per
requirements in order to improve the grid voltage. RLDCs shall coordinate
and advise the settings of different tap position and any change in their
positions shall be carried out after consultation with RLDC. Normally tap
position of all the ICTs shall be reviewed/changed at every three month
interval.
6.3 The OLTC allows voltage regulation and/or phase shifting by varying the
turns ratio under load without interruption. Large power transformers are
generally equipped with voltage tap changers, sometimes called taps
with tap settings to control the voltages either on the primary or secondary
sides of the transformer by changing the amount and direction of reactive
power flow through the transformers. Transformer taps can be controlled
automatically based on local system conditions or manually.
6.6 The OLTC alters the power transformer turns ratio in a number of pre
defined steps and in that way changes the secondary side voltage.
Transformer-tap changers can be used for voltage control, but the control
differs from that provided by reactive sources. Transformer taps can force
voltage up (or down) on one side of a transformer, but it is at the expense of
reducing (or raising) the voltage on the other side. Tap changers do not
consume or supply reactive power.
6.7 To increase reactive power output and raise system voltage levels at the
substation to which the generator is connected, the generator transformer
(GT) is tapped (usually off load) in a direction to increase its transformation
ratio. This will depress the stator volts which are immediately restored by
the AVR increasing the machine excitation.
6.8 Typically a 500 MW generator transformer will have 15 taps and a no load
voltage regulation of +2% to 16%, the asymmetry reflecting the higher
MVAr generation (as opposed to absorption) capability. Tap 1 is usually the
position of highest transformation ratio and MVAr output, and tap 15 the
position of lowest ratio and maximum MVAr absorption.
6.9 The taps of all the plants directly connected to 400 kV or 200 kV level
networks in an area are simultaneously changed. The theory behind this is
that when generating stations are acting independently to control their local
substation voltages, an individual station reaching its reactive generation
limit may tap to reduce its reactive output. Such action will be at the
expenses of neighboring stations and net effect is to reduce system voltage
levels and increase the total reactive generation required by reason of higher
circuit reactive losses.
6.10 Coordinated action instead by all stations to tap in a direction to increase the
system voltage level will reduce the network reactive demand (lower I2X,
increase B2V) and move all generators away from their lagging reactive
limits. Thus simultaneous tap changing avoids a situation whereby MVArs
produced at one station are negatively compensated at others.
6.12 The ICTs TAP position details at all India level is given in Annexure 10.
6.14 The below fig illustrates possible the transformer tap operating zones which
gives best results.
7.1 For transferring power over a long distance, High voltage DC transmission
lines (HVDC) are preferred. They normally consist of two converter
terminals connected by a DC transmission line and in some applications,
multi-terminal HVDC with interconnected DC transmission lines. Back-to-
Back DC and Voltage Source Converter based (VSC) HVDC are specific
types of HVDC systems. VSC based HVDC system uses new cable and
converter technologies and is economical at lower power levels than
traditional HVDC.
7.4 Because DC transmission lines are transmitting power at zero hertz, the
reactive power consumption on the line is zero. The converters require
reactive power for the conversion process typically in the range of 40% of
the power rating of each of the converter terminals. Therefore, for a 1000
MW HVDC transmission, 400 MVAR is typically required at each terminal.
7.5 The reactive power is required to compensate for the reactive power
consumption in the converter transformers and to maintain an acceptable
AC voltage level on the AC side of the converter terminals. Much of this
reactive power requirement is provided by shunt capacitors and filters,
which are required to filter out or reduce the harmonic currents resulting
from AC waveform chopping in the AC-DC conversion processes.
7.7 It may be further noted that while the reactive power generated by the
switching of filters varies in steps, the reactive power requirement by the
Converter transformer varies continuously (not in steps) with the power
NLDC REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT -a resource handbook Page 40 of 66 JAN-2012
level. Hence while selecting and/or varying the power level, corresponding
to each point there may be an excess/deficit reactive power at the HVDC
station and the same would eventually get injected/ drawn to/from the
Grid causing voltage rise/drop. Depending upon whether voltage is
required to be increased or decreased, the set point may be decided
accordingly.
7.9 At any point of time filter banks at HVDC stations in service depends on
power flow magnitude and / or direction of power flow. Therefore, the
power order on HVDC bi-pole could be kept at appropriate level to bring in
or take a filter bank in services.
7.10 The table 7.1 shows the information about HVDC TALCHER/KOLAR bi-
pole filter details and reactive power generation.
7.11.1 Voltage source converters technology use high power self-turn off type
semiconductor devices such as IGBT. The use of IGBTs in VSC technology
eliminates the need of active commutation voltage and also allow for higher
switching frequencies which reduces the harmonic content. A higher
switching frequency reduces the filter requirement on AC side when
compared to conventional HVDC. Pulse width modulation is used for
switching of semiconductor devices in VSC based HVDC transmission.
7.12.2 The main potential problems arising from Multi-Infeed HVDC systems
include small signal stability, commutation failure, voltage instability and
collapse. In order to cope with the possible adverse interactions, Co-
ordination between the HVDC controls is the most effective solution. Co-
ordination between controls includes equipping converters with voltage
stabilizing controls, using of adequate series and shunt reactive power
compensation devices at the critical AC transmission lines and also using
fast power flow controllers.
7.13.2 Under normal load, negligible earth-current flows, as in the case of mono
polar transmission with a metallic earth-return. This reduces earth return
loss and environmental effects. When a fault develops in a line, with earth
return electrodes installed at each end of the line, approximately half the
rated power can continue to flow using the earth as a return path, operating
in mono polar mode.
7.13.3 Since for a given total power rating each conductor of a bipolar line carries
only half the current of mono polar lines, the cost of the second
conductor is reduced compared to a mono polar line of the same rating. In
very adverse terrain, the second conductor may be carried on an
independent set of transmission towers, so that some power may continue
to be transmitted even if one line is damaged.
7.13.4 A bipolar system may also be installed with a metallic earth return
conductor as being envisaged for future HVDC projects such as Chamba-
Kurukshetra etc. This is considering the adverse effect of even small ground
currents on equipments such as pipelines etc.
a) HVDC Rihand-Dadri bipole: Capacity 2 X 750 MW, +/- 500 kV DC, 815 km
b) HVDC Chandrapur-Padge bipole: Capacity 2X750MW, +/-500kV DC
c) HVDC Talcher - Kolar bipole: Capacity 2 X 1250 MW, +/- 500 kV DC,
1440 km
NLDC REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT -a resource handbook Page 43 of 66 JAN-2012
d) HVDC Balia-Bhiwadi bipole: Capacity 2X1000MW, +/-500kV DC, 790km
7.13.6 800 KV HVDC BI-POLE:- The first 800kV HVDC bi-pole line in INDIA has
been planned from pooling substation at Bishwanath Chariyali in North -
eastern Region to Agra in Northern region. This is being programmed for
commissioning matching with Subansiri Lower HEP in 2012-13. The
transmission line would be for 6000 MW capacity and HVDC terminal
capacity would be 3000 MW between Bishwanath Chariyali and Agra. In the
second phase, for transmission of power from hydro projects at Sikkim and
Bhutan pooled at Siliguri, another 3000 MW terminal modules would be
added between Siliguri and Agra. It is envisaged to take-up the proposed
800kV, 6000MW HVDC bi-pole line from Bishwanath Chariyali to Agra
under a scheme titled Inter-regional Transmission system for power
export from NER to NR/WR which is under execution.
7.14.1 A back-to-back station (or B2B for short) is a plant in which both static
inverters and rectifiers are in the same area, usually in the same building.
The length of the direct current line is kept as short as possible.
7.14.2 HVDC back-to-back stations are used for Coupling of electricity mains of
different frequency (as in INDIA; the interconnection between NEW GRID
and SR GRID through 1000 MW HVDC BHADRAVATI and 1000 MW
HVDC GAZUWAKA). In the past, power systems in India were planned on
regional basis with asynchronous interconnection through HVDC back-to-
back for facilitating opportunity power transaction.
7.14.3 The DC voltage in the intermediate circuit can be selected freely at HVDC
back-to-back stations because of the short conductor length. The DC
voltage is as low as possible, in order to build a small valve hall and to
avoid series connections of valves. For this reason at HVDC back-to-back
stations valves with the highest available current rating are used.
7.14.4 A high voltage direct current (HVDC) link consists of a rectifier and an
inverter. The rectifier side of the HVDC link is equivalent to a load
consuming positive real and reactive power and the inverter side of the
HVDC link as a generator providing positive real power and negative
reactive power (i.e. absorbing positive reactive power).
7.14.5 Thyristor based HVDC converters always consume reactive power when
in operation. A DC line itself does not require reactive power and voltage
drop on the line is only the IR drop where I is the DC current. The
NLDC REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT -a resource handbook Page 44 of 66 JAN-2012
converters at the both ends of the line, however, draw reactive power
from the AC system. The reactive power consumption of the HVDC
converter/inverter is 50-60 % of the active power converted. It is
independent of the length of the line.
7.14.7 Harmonics are normally minimized by using filters. The following types of
filters are used:
AC filters.
DC filters.
High frequency filters.
7.14.8 AC Filters:- AC filters are RLC circuits connected between phase and earth.
They offer low impedance to harmonic frequencies. Thus, AC harmonic
currents are passed to earth. Both tuned and damped filter arrangements are
used. The AC harmonic filters also provide reactive power required for
satisfactory operation of converters and also partly injects reactive power
into the system.
8.1 INTRODUCTION
8.1.1 The demand of lower power losses, faster response to system parameter
change, and higher stability of system have stimulated the development
of the Flexible AC Transmission systems (FACTS). Based on the success
of research in power electronics switching devices and advanced control
technology, FACTS has become the technology of choice in voltage
control, reactive/active power flow control, transient and steady-state
stabilization that improves the operation and functionality of existing
power transmission and distribution system.
8.1.2 The achievement of these studies enlarge the efficiency of the existing
generator units, reduce the overall generation capacity and fuel
consumption, and minimize the operation cost. The power electronics
based switches in the functional blocks of FACTS can usually be operated
repeatedly and the switching time is a portion of a periodic cycle, which is
much shorter than the conventional mechanical switches.
8.2.1 Static VAR compensators combine capacitors and inductors with fast
switching (sub cycle, such as <1/50 sec) timeframe capability. In this
voltage is regulated according to a slope (droop) characteristic.
8.2.2 Static Var Compensator is a shunt-connected static Var generator or
absorber whose output is adjusted to exchange capacitive or inductive
current so as to maintain or control specific parameters of the electrical
power system (typically bus voltage) . SVC is based on thyristors without
gate turn-off capability. The adjective static means that, unlike the
synchronous compensator, it has no moving primary part. Similar to
capacitors, the reactive output of an SVC varies according to the square of
the connected bus voltage.
8.2.3 The only SVC in EHV network in the country was constructed by ABB in
year 1992 at 400 kV Kanpur substation of Power Grid Corporation of India
Limited. In early nineties, the fault level at this critical station was low and
8.3.2 Figure 8.1 shows the diagram of SVC. TCR and TSR are both composed
of a shunt-connected reactor controlled by two parallel, reverse-connected
thyristors. TCR is controlled with proper firing angle input to operate in a
continuous manner, while TSR is controlled without firing angle control
which results in a step change in reactance.
8.3.3 TSC shares similar composition and same operational mode as TSR, but the
reactor is replaced by a capacitor. The reactance can only be either fully
connected or fully disconnected zero due to the characteristic of capacitor.
With different combinations of TCR/TSR, TSC and fixed capacitors, a SVC
can meet various requirements to absorb/supply reactive power from/to
the transmission line.
8.3.5 The operator decides a certain voltage level (Voltage reference) and the SVC
produces sufficient reactive power to maintain the desired voltage level. The
two SVCs can be controlled individually or in parallel in so called joint
control.
8.3.7 Some of the control functions not influenced by operator actions are given
below:-
b) Manual VAR control mode: In Manual mode the SVC is Mvar controlled.
The desired MVAR level is set.
c) Forced Manual Mode: If the control system loses the voltage response signal
the compensator is automatically switched to MANUAL mode. The MVAR
outpur at the time of switching will remain. The Mvar output can be
adjusted, if needed, in MANUAL mode.
a) In addition to the voltage and var control modes described above the
operator can order the susceptance control function. Voltage control mode
allows SVC to reach its reactive power limits too frequently in order to
maintain Vref. This may leave with no scope for dynamic compensation in
the event of disturbance.
150 Setting:
Slope 3 %
Mode: Voltage Control
SVC output in MVAR
-50
-100
-150
380 384 388 392 396 400 404 408 412 416 420
Bus Voltage in kV
150 Setting:
Slope 3 % Mode: Voltage Control
SVC output in MVAR
0 Slope 5 %
-50
-100
Slope 4 %
-150
380 384 388 392 396 400 404 408 412 416 420
Bus Voltage in kV
SVC Response during 63 minute fault feeding on 400 kV Agra -Muradnagar fault on 6th July
2005
420
250
238 MVAR
410
150
400
Output of SVC s changed from 291 MVAR reactive to 238 MVAR capacitive.
390
SVCs at Kanpur came into action providing a dynamic support of 529 MVAR
(recorded at NRLDC)
-50
380
-150
370
360 -250
-291 MVAR
350 -350
1:00:00 AM
1:17:00 AM
1:22:40 AM
1:39:40 AM
1:45:20 AM
2:02:20 AM
2:08:00 AM
2:25:00 AM
2:30:40 AM
2:47:40 AM
3:10:20 AM
3:27:20 AM
3:33:00 AM
3:50:00 AM
3:55:40 AM
1:05:40 AM
1:11:20 AM
1:28:20 AM
1:34:00 AM
1:51:00 AM
1:56:40 AM
2:13:40 AM
2:19:20 AM
2:36:20 AM
2:42:00 AM
2:53:20 AM
2:59:00 AM
3:04:40 AM
3:16:00 AM
3:21:40 AM
3:38:40 AM
3:44:20 AM
Plot 4 : SVC Response during fault at Rihand STPS on 1st June 2010
Fig 8.2. STATCOM topologies: (a) STATCOM based on VSI and CSI
(b) STATCOM with storage.
9.3 To supply reactive power, the generator must increase the magnetic field to
raise the voltage it is supplying to the power system; this means increasing
the current in the filed windings, which is limited by the thermal properties
of the metal and insulation. The field current is supplied by the generator
exciter, which is a DC power supply connected to the generator. The field
current can be quickly adjusted by automatic control or with a dial to
change the reactive power supplied or consumed by the generator.
9.4 At any given field setting, the generator has a specific terminal voltage it
is attempting to hold. If the system voltage declines, the generator will
inject reactive power into the power system, tending to raise system
voltage. If the system voltage rises, the reactive output of the generator
will drop and ultimately reactive power will flow into the generator,
tending to lower system voltage.
9.5 The voltage regulator will accentuate this behavior by driving the field
current in the appropriate direction to obtain the desired system voltage.
Because most of the reactive limits are thermal limits associated with
large pieces of equipment, significant short-term extra reactive-power
capability usually exists.
9.6 Power-system stabilizers also control generator field current and reactive-
power output in response to oscillations on the power system. This function
is a part of the network-stability ancillary service.
9.7 Stability limits are determined by the ability of the power system to accept
delivery of power from the connected generator under a defined set of
system conditions including recognized contingencies. All generators
connected to a power system operate at the same electrical frequency; if a
generator loses synchronism with the rest of the system, it will trip offline
NLDC REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT -a resource handbook Page 55 of 66 JAN-2012
to protect itself.
9.8 Capacitors supply reactive power and have leading power factors, while
inductors consume reactive power and have lagging power factors. The
convention for generators is the reverse. When the generator is supplying
reactive power, it has a lagging power factor and its mode of operation is
referred to as overexcited. When a generator consumes reactive power, it
has a leading power factor region and is under-excited.
9.9 The capability-set limits are thermal limits for different parts of the
generator, if the generator output approaches these limits, an alarm will
notify the generator operator of the problem; if the operator does not bring
the generator back to a safe operating point, the generators protection
scheme (relays, circuit breakers, fuses) will operate, resulting in
disconnection of the generator from the network; finally, if the protection
equipment fails and the operator does not act in time, the generator will
overheat, potentially causing equipment damage. Because generators are
expensive, generator operators generally will not operate the generator in a
way that risks damaging the equipment and losing revenue during repair.
9.10 The ability of a generator to provide reactive support depends on its real-
power production which is represented in the form of generator capability
curve or D - curve. Figure 9.1 shows the combined limits on real and
reactive production for a typical generator. Like most electric equipment,
generators are limited by their current-carrying capability. Near rated
voltage, this capability becomes an MVA limit for the armature of the
generator rather than a MW limitation, shown as the armature heating limit
in the Figure.
9.12 Generator capability may be extended by the coolant used in the generator.
A more efficient coolant allows the generator to dissipate more heat, thereby
extending thermal limits. Most large generators are cooled with hydrogen;
increasing the hydrogen pressure cools the generator equipment more
effectively, increasing the generators capability.
9.13.2. They are especially suited for emergency voltage control under loss of load,
generation or transmission, because of their fast short-time response.
Synchronous condensers provide necessary reactive power even exceeding
their rating for short duration, to arrest voltage collapse and to improve
system stability. It draws a small amount of active power (about 3%) from
the power system to supply losses.
9.17 During such power swings, a synchronous condenser can supply a large
amount of reactive power, perhaps twice its continuous rating. Unlike
other forms of shunt compensation, it has an internal voltage source and is
better to cope with the low voltage conditions. Because of their high
purchase and operating costs, they have been largely superseded by static
var compensators.
9.17 In recent years the synchronous compensator has been practically ruled out
by the SVC, in the case of new installations, due to benefits in cost
performance and reliability of the latter. One exception is HVDC inverter
stations, in cases where the short-circuit capacity has to be increased. The
synchronous compensators can do this, but not the SVC.
4. For short periods the synchronous The capacitor can not supply more
condenser can supply KVAR in than its capacity at nominal voltage.
excess of its rating at nominal Its output is proportional to V2.
voltage
5. The full load losses are above 3% The capacitor losses are about 0.2%
of its capacity
9. They add to the short circuit The capacitors do not increase the
current of a system and therefore short circuit capacity of the system, as
increase the size of (11kV etc.) their output is proportional to V2
breakers in the neighbour-hood.
10. This is a rotating device. Hence These are static and simple devices.
the O&M problems are more Hence O&M problems are negligible
9.20 List of synchronous condenser at all India level is given in Annexure 12.
10.1 INTRODUCTION
10..1 Due to depleting nature of these reserves, efforts are on worldwide to ensure
energy security through alternate technologies for electric power generation.
Global demand for energy is increasing at a breathtaking pace, which will
require significant investment in new power generation capacity and grid
infrastructure. Wind energy, however, is a massive indigenous power source
which is available virtually everywhere in the world. There are no fuel costs,
no geo-political risk and no supply import dependency.
(i) SLDC/RLDC may direct a wind farm to curtail its VAr drawl/injection
in case the security of grid or safety of any equipment or personnel is
endangered.
(ii) During the wind generator start-up, the wind generator shall ensure that
the reactive power drawl (inrush currents in case of induction
generators shall not affect the grid performance.
10.3 RE Technologies :
Wind power systems convert the movement of air into electricity by means
of a rotating turbine and a generator. There are two types of Wind
generators viz On- and off-shore. In the beginning, generators of a few kW
typically 250kW were manufactured. Nowadays with advancement in
technology very large wind turbines (up to 5 MW) are in operation.
Offshore windfarms are expected to have higher load factors.
1. Induction (Type-1)
a squirrel cage induction generator that is driven through a gearbox. It
operates within a very narrow speed range and is now obsolete. Generally
fixed speed is achieved through a gear box.
Out of the above, type 1 and 2 are now obsolete and type 3 & 4 are being
more popular.
c) The reactive compensation system of wind farms shall be such that Wind
farms shall maintain power factor between 0.95 lagging and 0.95 leading at
the connection point.
10.9 CIGRE 293 report of Working Group C1.3 on Electric Power System
Planning with the Uncertainty of Wind generation studied the following :
Plant tolerance to voltage and frequency variation
10.11 Wind farms connected to high voltage transmission system must stay
connected when a voltage dip occurs in the grid, otherwise, the sudden
disconnection of a large amount of wind power may contribute to the
voltage dip, with adverse consequences. Wind farms must remain
connected when the voltage dip profile is above the line shown in the figure.
The per unit voltage at the point of connection to the grid is shown in the
vertical axis and the duration (seconds) of the fault in the horizontal axis.
This code requires Fault Ride-Through (FRT) capability during voltage
drops in Transmission System to 15% of nominal voltage during 300 ms
with recovery up to 80% of nominal voltage after 3 sec, with the slope
shown in figure given above.
10.12 The wind generating machines shall be equipped with fault ride through
capability. During a Fault Ride through, the Reactive power drawl from
Grid shall be minimum and active power generation shall be in proportion
to the retained grid voltage. They should have the capability to withstand
repetitive faults.
V = Q .
V Fault Level of the Bus
Thumb Rule: Short circuit level contribution of a generating unit is 3-4 times its MVA rating.
4. Line Current
8. Impact of 1000 amp flow on a 100 km Ling 400 kV Line (Unity p.f.)
a) I2 X loss -100 MVAR
b) I2 R loss -10 MW
c) Potential drop (Vs-Vr) -3.3 kV
In case, line reactor is available at only one end, it is preferable to charge the line from the
end without reactor and synchronize at the end with reactor. If the line is to be opened, open
from the end where line reactor is available.
Thumb rule is synchronize or open from the end where line reactor
is available.
The line should be charged from the end with higher fault level (3 phase short circuit MVA) in
order to limit the over voltage at charging end.
If two buses have almost same short circuit level (3-ph) and neither is a generation station,
charge the line from the bus with lower voltage. At the charging end, all measures should be
taken to control high voltage
a) Bus reactors may be taken in to service
b) Generators at the charging end may be operated at reduced voltage (less than 1 p.u.)
and in lagging power factor mode
c) Suitable measures may be taken to avoid large frequency variations
d) Loads may be taken into service in small steps.
2 400 BALIA BIHARSHARIFF 1 D/C 242 Quad Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 687 0.740 179.1
3 400 BALIA BIHARSHARIFF 2 D/C 242 Quad Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 687 0.740 179.1
4 400 BALIA PATNA 1 D/C 198 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.740 146.5
5 400 BALIA PATNA 2 D/C 198 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.740 146.5
6 400 BALIA BARH 1 D/C 244 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.740 180.6
7 400 BALIA BARH 2 D/C 244 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.740 180.6
8 400 GORAKHPUR-PG MUZAFFARPUR 1 D/C 261 Quad Moose 0.00 57.14 1 687 0.740 193.1 *Series
compensated line
9 400 GORAKHPUR-PG MUZAFFARPUR 2 D/C 261 Quad Moose 0.00 57.14 1 687 0.740 193.1 (30%) + TCSC
10 400 SARNATH SASARAM 1 D/C 76 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 1 515 0.555 42.2
11 765 AGRA GWALIOR 1 S/C 129 Quad Bersimis 0.00 0.00 633 0.730 94.2
12 765 AGRA GWALIOR 2 S/C 128 Quad Bersimis 0.00 0.00 633 0.730 93.4
13 400 BHINMAL ZERDA 1 S/C 143 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 79.3
14 400 KANKROLI ZERDA 1 S/C 234 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 129.7
15 400 RAIGARH(PG) ROURKELA (PG) 1 D/C 212 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 515 0.555 117.7
16 400 RAIGARH(PG) ROURKELA (PG) 2 D/C 212 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 515 0.555 117.7
17 400 RAIGARH(PG) ROURKELA (PG) 3 D/C 212 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 117.7
18 400 STERLITE RAIGARH 1 D/C 114 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 63.3
19 400 RANCHI SIPAT 1 D/C 406 Twin Moose 72.56 1 0.00 515 0.555 225.3
20 400 RANCHI SIPAT 2 D/C 406 Twin Moose 72.56 1 0.00 515 0.555 225.3
21 400 JEYPORE (PG) GAZUWAKA (PG-SR) 1 D/C 220 Twin Moose 0.00 72.56 -1 515 0.555 122.1
22 400 JEYPORE (PG) GAZUWAKA (PG-SR) 2 D/C 220 Twin Moose 0.00 72.56 -1 515 0.555 122.1
23 400 BINAGURI (PG) BONGAIGAON (NER) 1 D/C 216 Twin Moose 57.14 -1 57.14 -1 515 0.555 119.9
24 400 BINAGURI (PG) BONGAIGAON (NER) 2 D/C 216 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 -1 515 0.555 119.9
As on 31-12-2011
ALL INDIA REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION DETAILS
`
Total Mvar
%
Generated line Bus % Compensation Total % Compensation
NO of 400 & CIRCUIT. No of line No of Bus Compensation
Sl. Region by the line Reactors Reactors Bus Reactors Compensation Line + Bus reactor
above lines KMS Reactors Reactors Line Raectors
No (A) @ 1.0 p.u Mvar Mvar (H/D) Mvar (F+H)
(B) (C) (E) (G) (F/D)
voltage (F) (H) (F+H) *
(D)
Inter
1 24 5246 3305.9 18 1200.00 36.30 0.00 1200 36
Regional
2 Northern 215 29335 16886.1 112 6684.52 50 3301.00 39.59 19.55 9986 59
3 Western 216 36060 22077.8 100 5869.00 52 3041.00 26.58 13.77 8910 40
North
6 6 1103 612.1 8 426.00 4 200.00 69.59 32.67 626 102
Eastern
TOTAL 682 101882 60074.4 348 19820.52 159 9518 32.99 15.84 29339 49
* It may be noted that the reactor rating is generally @1.05 p.u. voltage. So ideally col. 'D' would be 1.1025 times the value mentioned if we take 1.05 p.u. voltage.
1 OF 1
NLDC, 2012 REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT-a resource handbook
ANNEXURE 3
ESTIMATED MVAR RELIEF AVAILABLE WHEN LINE IS OPENED
2 765 AGRA GWALIOR 2 S/C 128 Quad Bersimis 0.00 0.00 633 0.730 93.4 93.44 93.44
3 400 BHINMAL ZERDA 1 S/C 143 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 79.3 33.90 33.90
4 400 KANKROLI ZERDA 1 S/C 234 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 129.7 39.00 39.00
5 400 ALLAHABAD SASARAM 1 D/C 212 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 -1 515 0.555 117.7 60.52 60.52
6 400 BALIA BIHARSHARIFF 1 D/C 242 Quad Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 687 0.740 179.1 133.73 133.73
7 400 BALIA BIHARSHARIFF 2 D/C 242 Quad Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 687 0.740 179.1 133.73 133.73
8 400 BALIA PATNA 1 D/C 198 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.740 146.5 146.52 146.52
9 400 BALIA PATNA 2 D/C 198 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.740 146.5 146.52 146.52
10 400 BALIA BARH 1 D/C 244 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.740 180.6 180.56 180.56
11 400 BALIA BARH 2 D/C 244 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.740 180.6 180.56 180.56
12 400 GORAKHPUR-PG MUZAFFARPUR 1 D/C 261 Quad Moose 0.00 57.14 -1 687 0.740 193.1 136.00 136.00
13 400 GORAKHPUR-PG MUZAFFARPUR 2 D/C 261 Quad Moose 0.00 57.14 -1 687 0.740 193.1 136.00 136.00
14 400 SARNATH SASARAM 1 D/C 76 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 -1 515 0.555 42.2 -14.96 -14.96
15 400 RAIGARH(PG) ROURKELA (PG) 1 D/C 212 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 515 0.555 117.7 60.52 117.66
16 400 RAIGARH(PG) ROURKELA (PG) 2 D/C 212 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 515 0.555 117.7 60.52 117.66
17 400 RAIGARH(PG) ROURKELA (PG) 3 D/C 212 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 117.7 117.66 117.66
18 400 STERLITE RAIGARH 1 D/C 114 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 63.3 63.27 63.27
19 400 RANCHI SIPAT 1 D/C 406 Twin Moose 72.56 1 0.00 515 0.555 225.3 152.77 225.33
20 400 RANCHI SIPAT 2 D/C 406 Twin Moose 72.56 1 0.00 515 0.555 225.3 152.77 225.33
21 400 JEYPORE (PG) GAJUWAKAKA (PG-SR) 1 D/C 220 Twin Moose 0.00 72.56 -1 515 0.555 122.1 49.54 49.54
22 400 JEYPORE (PG) GAJUWAKAKA (PG-SR) 2 D/C 220 Twin Moose 0.00 72.56 -1 515 0.555 122.1 49.54 49.54
23 400 BINAGURI (PG) BONGAIGAON (NER) 1 D/C 216 Twin Moose 57.14 -1 57.14 -1 515 0.555 119.9 5.59 5.59
24 400 BINAGURI (PG) BONGAIGAON (NER) 2 D/C 216 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 -1 515 0.555 119.9 62.74 62.74
1 OF 26
NL DC, 2012 REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT-a resource handbook
ANNEXURE 3
ESTIMATED MVAR RELIEF AVAILABLE WHEN LINE IS OPENED
NORTHERN REGION
132 400 Uri-I Wagoora 2 D/C 95 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 515 0.555 52.7 7.4 7.4
211 765 Anpara Unnao 1 S/C 409 Quad Bersimis 330.00 -1 330.00 -1 633 0.730 298.6 -361.4 -361.4
MVAR relief
From End To End Total MVAR available when
From End To End reactor line is opened
Line Shunt Shunt Line Line relief
Sl. Voltage CKT Ckt. Type Type of reactor used as used as Bus & Line Reactor
FROM TO Length Reactor Reactor SIL charging Charging available Remarks
No in kV ID (Tower) conductor Bus Reactor Reactor (Yes=1, is used as Bus
(in km) rated for (Yes=1, No=-1) rated for Mvar/km Mvar of when line is
No=-1) Reactor
400kV 400kV the line opened
*
CENTRAL SECTOR
1 765 SIPAT SEONI S/C 1 S/C 351 Quad Bersimis 0.00 240.00 2250 2.910 1021.4 781.41 1021.41
2 765 SIPAT SEONI S/C 1 S/C 351 Quad Bersimis 0.00 240.00 2250 2.910 1021.4 781.41 1021.41
765kV Line Charged
3 765 BINA GWALIOR 1 S/C 235 Quad Bersimis 45.35 0.00 633 0.730 171.6 126.20 171.55
at 400kV
7 400 Korba(NTPC) Korba (W) 1 S/C 14 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 7.8 7.77 7.77
8 400 Wardha Parli (PG) Quad 1 D/C 341 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.74 252.3 252.34 252.34
9 400 Wardha Parli (PG) Quad 2 D/C 341 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.74 252.3 252.34 252.34
10 400 Korba (NTPC) ACBIL 1 S/C 21 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 11.7 11.66 11.66
11 400 ACBIL Bhatapara 1 S/C 107 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 59.4 59.39 59.39
12 400 Mundra (TATA) Bachchau 1 D/C 282 Triple Snowbird 0.00 0.00 605 0.656 185.0 184.99 184.99
13 400 Mundra (TATA) Bachchau 2 D/C 282 Triple Snowbird 0.00 0.00 605 0.656 185.0 184.99 184.99
Ranchorpura
14 400 Bachchau 1 D/C 99 Triple Snowbird 0.00 45.35 -1 605 0.656 64.9 19.59 19.59
(Vadavi)
Ranchorpura
15 400 Bachchau 2 D/C 99 Triple Snowbird 0.00 45.35 -1 605 0.656 64.9 19.59 19.59
(Vadavi)
16 400 Korba (NTPC) Raipur 1 D/C 212 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 515 0.555 117.7 72.31 117.66
17 400 Korba (NTPC) Raipur 2 D/C 212 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 117.7 117.66 117.66
18 400 Bhadrawati Parli (PG) D/C 1 D/C 388 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 215.3 215.34 215.34
19 400 Bhadrawati Parli (PG) D/C 2 D/C 388 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 215.3 215.34 215.34
20 400 Raigarh Rourkela - I 1 S/C 212 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 117.7 117.66 117.66
21 400 Raigarh Sterlite-II 1 S/C 127 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 70.5 70.49 70.49
22 400 Raigarh Rourkela - III & IV 1 D/C 220 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 122.1 122.10 122.10
23 400 Raigarh Rourkela - III & IV 2 D/C 220 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 122.1 122.10 122.10
24 400 Dehgam Pirana I & II (PG) 1 D/C 46 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 25.5 25.53 25.53
25 400 Dehgam Pirana I & II (PG) 2 D/C 46 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 25.5 25.53 25.53
26 400 Birsinghpur Damoh D/C 1 D/C 227 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 126.0 125.99 125.99
MVAR relief
From End To End Total MVAR available when
From End To End reactor line is opened
Line Shunt Shunt Line Line relief
Sl. Voltage CKT Ckt. Type Type of reactor used as used as Bus & Line Reactor
FROM TO Length Reactor Reactor SIL charging Charging available Remarks
No in kV ID (Tower) conductor Bus Reactor Reactor (Yes=1, is used as Bus
(in km) rated for (Yes=1, No=-1) rated for Mvar/km Mvar of when line is
No=-1) Reactor
400kV 400kV the line opened
*
27 400 Birsinghpur Damoh D/C 2 D/C 227 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 126.0 125.99 125.99
28 400 Parli (MSETCL) Parli (Powergrid) 1 D/C 7 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 3.9 3.89 3.89
29 400 Parli (MSETCL) Parli (Powergrid) 2 D/C 7 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 3.9 3.89 3.89
30 400 Bina Sujalpur D/C 1 D/C 198 Twin Moose 57.14 45.35 515 0.555 109.9 7.40 109.89
31 400 Bina Sujalpur D/C 2 D/C 198 Twin Moose 57.14 45.35 515 0.555 109.9 7.40 109.89
32 400 Sujalpur Nagda D/C 1 D/C 150 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 515 0.555 83.3 26.11 83.25
33 400 Sujalpur Nagda D/C 2 D/C 150 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 515 0.555 83.3 26.11 83.25
34 400 Korba(NTPC) Bhilai I 1 S/C 197 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 515 0.555 109.3 63.98 109.34
35 400 Korba(NTPC) Bhilai II 1 S/C 192 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 515 0.555 106.6 61.21 106.56
36 400 Korba(NTPC) Pathadi s/c 1 S/C 32 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 17.8 17.76 17.76
37 400 Pathadi Raipur s/c 1 S/C 189 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 104.9 104.90 104.90
38 400 Bhatapara Bhilai 1 S/C 93 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 51.6 51.62 51.62
39 400 Vindhyachal Korba(NTPC) -I 1 S/C 215 Twin Moose 45.35 0.00 515 0.555 119.3 73.97 119.33
40 400 Vindhyachal- Korba(NTPC) -II 1 S/C 289 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 160.4 160.40 160.40
41 400 Bhilai Koradi 1 S/C 272 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 151.0 60.26 150.96
42 400 Bhilai Bhadravati 1 S/C 322 Twin Moose 72.56 45.35 515 0.555 178.7 60.80 178.71
43 400 Raipur Bhadravati I 1 S/C 333 Twin Moose 72.56 45.35 515 0.555 184.8 66.90 184.82
44 400 Raipur Bhadravati 1 D/C 345 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 191.5 191.48 191.48
45 400 Raipur Bhadravati 2 D/C 345 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 191.5 191.48 191.48
46 400 Koradi Satpura 1 S/C 149 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 515 0.555 82.7 37.34 82.70
47 400 Satpura Itarsi 1 S/C 79 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 43.8 43.85 43.85
48 400 Itarsi Indore I 1 S/C 214 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 118.8 28.07 118.77
49 400 Itarsi Indore II 1 S/C 215 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 119.3 28.62 119.33
50 400 Itarsi Khandwa I 1 S/C 197 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 109.3 109.34 109.34
51 400 Itarsi Khandwa II 1 S/C 197 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 109.3 109.34 109.34
52 400 Khandwa Dhule I 1 S/C 262 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 145.4 54.71 145.41
53 400 Khandwa Dhule II 1 S/C 262 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 145.4 54.71 145.41
54 400 Indore Asoj I 1 S/C 288 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 159.8 69.14 69.14
55 400 Indore Asoj II 1 S/C 273 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 151.5 60.81 60.81
56 400 Bhadravati Chandrapur I 1 D/C 20 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 11.1 11.10 11.10
57 400 Bhadravati Chandrapur II 2 D/C 20 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 11.1 11.10 11.10
58 400 Bhadravati Chandrapur III 1 D/C 22 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 12.2 12.21 12.21
MVAR relief
From End To End Total MVAR available when
From End To End reactor line is opened
Line Shunt Shunt Line Line relief
Sl. Voltage CKT Ckt. Type Type of reactor used as used as Bus & Line Reactor
FROM TO Length Reactor Reactor SIL charging Charging available Remarks
No in kV ID (Tower) conductor Bus Reactor Reactor (Yes=1, is used as Bus
(in km) rated for (Yes=1, No=-1) rated for Mvar/km Mvar of when line is
No=-1) Reactor
400kV 400kV the line opened
*
59 400 Bhadravati Chandrapur IV 2 D/C 22 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 12.2 12.21 12.21
60 400 Vindhyachal Jabalpur I 1 D/C 360 Twin Moose 57.14 57.14 515 0.555 199.8 85.51 199.80
61 400 Vindhyachal Jabalpur II 2 D/C 360 Twin Moose 57.14 57.14 515 0.555 199.8 85.51 199.80
62 400 Vindhyachal Jabalpur III 3 D/C 387 Twin Moose 57.14 57.14 515 0.555 214.8 100.50 214.79
63 400 Vindhyachal Jabalpur IV 4 D/C 387 Twin Moose 57.14 57.14 515 0.555 214.8 100.50 214.79
64 400 Jabalpur Itarsi I 1 D/C 232 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 128.8 38.06 128.76
65 400 Jabalpur Itarsi II 2 D/C 232 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 128.8 38.06 128.76
66 400 Jabalpur Itarsi III 1 D/C 234 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 129.9 39.17 129.87
67 400 Jabalpur Itarsi IV 2 D/C 234 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 129.9 39.17 129.87
68 400 Jhanor Dehgam 1 D/C 156 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 86.6 86.58 86.58
69 400 Jhanor Dehgam 2 D/C 156 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 86.6 86.58 86.58
70 400 Jhanor Sugen 1 S/C 65 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 36.1 36.08 36.08
71 400 Dehgam Sugen 1 D/C 156 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 86.6 86.58 86.58
72 400 Dehgam Sugen 2 D/C 156 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 86.6 86.58 86.58
73 400 Jhanor GPEC 1 S/C 16 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 8.9 8.88 8.88
74 400 Vindhyachal Satna I 1 D/C 266 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 147.6 56.93 147.63
75 400 Vindhyachal Satna II 2 D/C 266 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 147.6 56.93 147.63
76 400 Vindhyachal Satna III 3 D/C 258 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 515 0.555 143.2 97.84 143.19
77 400 Vindhyachal Satna IV 4 D/C 258 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 515 0.555 143.2 97.84 143.19
78 400 Satna Bina I 1 D/C 276 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 153.2 62.48 153.18
79 400 Satna Bina II 2 D/C 276 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 153.2 62.48 153.18
80 400 Satna Bina III 1 D/C 273 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 151.5 60.81 151.52
81 400 Satna Bina IV 2 D/C 273 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 151.5 60.81 151.52
82 400 Bhilai Raipur I 1 S/C 13 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 7.2 7.22 7.22
83 400 Bhilai Raipur II 1 S/C 17 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 9.4 9.44 9.44
84 400 Kolhapur Mapusa I 1 D/C 150 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 83.3 83.25 83.25
85 400 Kolhapur Mapusa II 2 D/C 150 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 83.3 83.25 83.25
86 400 Raipur Raigarh I 1 D/C 217 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 120.4 120.44 120.44
87 400 Raipur Raigarh II 2 D/C 217 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 120.4 120.44 120.44
88 400 Raipur Raigarh III 3 D/C 220 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 122.1 122.10 122.10
89 400 Raipur Raigarh IV 4 D/C 220 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 122.1 122.10 122.10
90 400 Tarapur Padge I 1 D/C 91 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 50.5 50.51 50.51
MVAR relief
From End To End Total MVAR available when
From End To End reactor line is opened
Line Shunt Shunt Line Line relief
Sl. Voltage CKT Ckt. Type Type of reactor used as used as Bus & Line Reactor
FROM TO Length Reactor Reactor SIL charging Charging available Remarks
No in kV ID (Tower) conductor Bus Reactor Reactor (Yes=1, is used as Bus
(in km) rated for (Yes=1, No=-1) rated for Mvar/km Mvar of when line is
No=-1) Reactor
400kV 400kV the line opened
*
91 400 Tarapur Padge II 2 D/C 91 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 50.5 50.51 50.51
92 400 Tarapur Boisar I 1 D/C 21 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 11.7 11.66 11.66
93 400 Tarapur Boisar II 2 D/C 21 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 11.7 11.66 11.66
94 400 Sugen Vapi 1 S/C 118 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 65.5 65.49 65.49
95 400 Vapi Boisar 1 S/C 91 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 50.5 50.51 50.51
96 400 Boisar Padge 1 S/C 101 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 56.1 56.06 56.06
97 400 Bina(PGCIL) Bina(MPPTCL) 1 D/C 1 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 0.6 0.56 0.56
98 400 Bina(PGCIL) Bina(MPPTCL) 2 D/C 1 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 0.6 0.56 0.56
99 400 Nagda Dehgam I 1 D/C 332 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 184.3 93.56 184.26
100 400 Nagda Dehgam II 2 D/C 332 Twin Moose 45.35 45.35 515 0.555 184.3 93.56 184.26
Khandwa I
101 400 Seoni 1 D/C 350 AAAC 72.56 72.56 515 0.555 194.3 49.13 194.25
Quad
Khandwa II
102 400 Seoni 2 D/C 350 AAAC 72.56 72.56 515 0.555 194.3 49.13 194.25
Quad
103 400 Khandwa Rajgarh-I 1 D/C 220 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 122.1 122.10 122.10
104 400 Khandwa Rajgarh- II 2 D/C 220 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 122.1 122.10 122.10
105 400 Sipat Raipur I 1 D/C 149 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 82.7 82.70 82.70
106 400 Sipat Raipur II 2 D/C 149 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 82.7 82.70 82.70
107 400 Wardha Akola-I 1 D/C 165 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 91.6 91.58 91.58
108 400 Wardha Akola- II 2 D/C 165 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 91.6 91.58 91.58
109 400 Damoh Bhopal 1 D/C 216 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 119.9 119.88 119.88
110 400 Damoh Bhopal 2 D/C 216 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 119.9 119.88 119.88
IPP
111 400 MUNDRA SAMI 1 D/C 282 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 156.5 111.16 111.16
112 400 MUNDRA SAMI 2 D/C 282 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 156.5 111.16 111.16
113 400 SAMI DEHGAM 1 D/C 152 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 84.4 84.36 84.36
114 400 SAMI DEHGAM 2 D/C 152 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 84.4 84.36 84.36
115 400 Sugen Pirana (T) 1 D/C 219 Twin Moose 0.00 40.82 -1 515 0.555 121.5 80.73 80.73
116 400 Sugen Pirana (T) 2 D/C 219 Twin Moose 0.00 40.82 -1 515 0.555 121.5 80.73 80.73
117 400 Raipur NSPCL 1 D/C 13.5 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 7.5 7.49 7.49
118 400 Raipur NSPCL 2 D/C 13.5 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 7.5 7.49 7.49
119 400 Hadala Vadinar (ESSAR) 1 D/C 113 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 62.7 62.72 62.72
120 400 Hadala Vadinar (ESSAR) 2 D/C 113 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 62.7 62.72 62.72
MVAR relief
From End To End Total MVAR available when
From End To End reactor line is opened
Line Shunt Shunt Line Line relief
Sl. Voltage CKT Ckt. Type Type of reactor used as used as Bus & Line Reactor
FROM TO Length Reactor Reactor SIL charging Charging available Remarks
No in kV ID (Tower) conductor Bus Reactor Reactor (Yes=1, is used as Bus
(in km) rated for (Yes=1, No=-1) rated for Mvar/km Mvar of when line is
No=-1) Reactor
400kV 400kV the line opened
*
121 400 Pirana (PG) Pirana (T) 1 D/C 5 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 2.8 2.78 2.78
122 400 Pirana (PG) Pirana (T) 2 D/C 5 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 2.8 2.78 2.78
MATHYA PRADESH
123 400 Bhopal Bina I & II 1 D/C 135 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 74.9 29.57 29.57
124 400 Bhopal Bina I & II 2 D/C 135 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 74.9 29.57 29.57
125 400 Birsingpur Damoh 1 S/C 233 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 129.3 83.96 83.96
126 400 Damoh Katni 1 S/C 115 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 63.8 63.83 63.83
127 400 Indirasagar Nagda 1 S/C 105 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 58.3 58.28 58.28
128 400 Indirasagar Satpura 1 S/C 201 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 111.6 111.56 111.56
129 400 Itarsi Indore -I 1 S/C 80 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 44.4 -0.95 -0.95
130 400 Itarsi Indore -II 1 S/C 81 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 45.0 -0.40 -0.40
131 400 Indore Nagda 1 S/C 105 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 58.3 58.28 58.28
132 400 Itarsi Bhopal I & II 1 D/C 97 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 53.8 53.84 53.84
133 400 Itarsi Bhopal I & II 2 D/C 97 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 53.8 53.84 53.84
134 400 Katni Birsingpur 1 S/C 118 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 65.5 65.49 65.49
135 400 Rajgarh Nagda D/C 1 D/C 103 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 57.2 11.81 11.81
136 400 Rajgarh Nagda D/C 2 D/C 103 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 57.2 11.81 11.81
137 400 Satpura Seoni 1 S/C 147 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 81.6 36.23 36.23
138 400 Seoni Bhilai 1 S/C 154 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 85.5 85.47 85.47
139 400 SSP Rajgarh-D/C 1 D/C 81 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 45.0 44.96 44.96
140 400 SSP Rajgarh-D/C 2 D/C 81 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 45.0 44.96 44.96
MAHARASHTRA
141 400 Akola Bhusawal 1 S/C 182.000 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 101.0 55.66 55.66
142 400 Aurangabad Bhusawal 1 S/C 238.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 132.1 132.09 132.09
143 400 Babhaleshwar Aurangabad 1 S/C 125.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 69.4 69.38 69.38
144 400 Babhaleshwar Padghe 1 D/C 170.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 94.4 94.35 94.35
145 400 Babhaleshwar Padghe 2 D/C 170.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 94.4 94.35 94.35
146 400 Bhusawal Babhaleshwar 1 S/C 222.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 123.2 123.21 123.21
147 400 Chakan Pune (PG) 1 S/C 19.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 10.5 10.55 10.55
148 400 Chandrapur Khaperkheda 1 S/C 148.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 82.1 82.14 82.14
149 400 Chandrapur Parli Ckt I 1 S/C 357.000 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 198.1 107.43 107.43
150 400 Chandrapur Parli Ckt II 1 D/C 357.000 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 198.1 107.43 107.43
MVAR relief
From End To End Total MVAR available when
From End To End reactor line is opened
Line Shunt Shunt Line Line relief
Sl. Voltage CKT Ckt. Type Type of reactor used as used as Bus & Line Reactor
FROM TO Length Reactor Reactor SIL charging Charging available Remarks
No in kV ID (Tower) conductor Bus Reactor Reactor (Yes=1, is used as Bus
(in km) rated for (Yes=1, No=-1) rated for Mvar/km Mvar of when line is
No=-1) Reactor
400kV 400kV the line opened
*
151 400 Chandrapur Parli Ckt III 2 D/C 357.000 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 198.1 107.43 107.43
152 400 Dabhol Nagothane 1 D/C 137.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 76.0 76.04 76.04
153 400 Dabhol Nagothane 2 D/C 137.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 76.0 76.04 76.04
New Koyna
154 400 Dabhol 1 D/C 48.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 26.6 26.64 26.64
(Quad)
New Koyna
155 400 Dabhol 2 D/C 48.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 26.6 26.64 26.64
(Quad)
156 400 Dhule Babhaleshwar 1 D/C 170.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 94.4 94.35 94.35
157 400 Dhule Babhaleshwar 2 D/C 170.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 94.4 94.35 94.35
158 400 Dhule Sardar Sarovar 1 D/C 264 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 146.5 146.52 146.52
159 400 Dhule Sardar Sarovar 2 D/C 264 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 146.5 146.52 146.52
160 400 Jaigadh New Koyna 1 D/C 55.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 30.5 30.53 30.53
161 400 Jaigadh New Koyna 2 D/C 55.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 30.5 30.53 30.53
162 400 Jaigadh Karad 1 D/C 111.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 61.6 61.61 61.61
163 400 Jaigadh Karad 2 D/C 111.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 61.6 61.61 61.61
164 400 Jejuri Koyna IV 1 S/C 140.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 77.7 77.70 77.70
165 400 Kalwa Kharghar 1 S/C 28.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 15.5 15.54 15.54
166 400 Kalwa Lonikand 1 S/C 98.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 54.4 54.39 54.39
167 400 Kalwa Padghe 1 S/C 56.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 31.1 31.08 31.08
168 400 Karad New Koyna 1 D/C 72.000 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.74 53.3 53.28 53.28
169 400 Karad New Koyna 2 D/C 72.000 Quad Moose 0.00 0.00 687 0.74 53.3 53.28 53.28
170 400 Karad Kolhapur 1 D/C 105.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 58.3 58.28 58.28
171 400 Karad Kolhapur 2 D/C 105.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 58.3 58.28 58.28
172 400 Khaperkheda Koradi 1 S/C 4.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 2.2 2.22 2.22
173 400 Kharghar Padghe 1 S/C 86.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 47.7 47.73 47.73
174 400 Koradi Bhusawal 1 S/C 344.000 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 190.9 100.22 100.22
175 400 Koradi Akola 1 S/C 243.000 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 515 0.555 134.9 89.51 89.51
176 400 Lonikand Karad 1 S/C 161.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 89.4 89.36 89.36
177 400 Lonikand Jejuri 1 S/C 100.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 55.5 55.50 55.50
178 400 Lonikand Koyna-IV 1 S/C 211.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 117.1 117.11 117.11
179 400 Lonikhand Chakan 1 S/C 25.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 13.9 13.88 13.88
180 400 New Koyna Koyna stage IV 1 D/C 2.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 1.1 1.11 1.11
181 400 New Koyna Koyna stage IV 2 D/C 2.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 1.1 1.11 1.11
MVAR relief
From End To End Total MVAR available when
From End To End reactor line is opened
Line Shunt Shunt Line Line relief
Sl. Voltage CKT Ckt. Type Type of reactor used as used as Bus & Line Reactor
FROM TO Length Reactor Reactor SIL charging Charging available Remarks
No in kV ID (Tower) conductor Bus Reactor Reactor (Yes=1, is used as Bus
(in km) rated for (Yes=1, No=-1) rated for Mvar/km Mvar of when line is
No=-1) Reactor
400kV 400kV the line opened
*
182 400 Padghe Nagothane 1 D/C 117.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 64.9 64.94 64.94
183 400 Padghe Nagothane 2 D/C 117.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 64.9 64.94 64.94
184 400 Parli Sholapur 1 S/C 182.000 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 515 0.555 101.0 55.66 55.66
185 400 Parli Lonikhand 1 D/C 284.000 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 157.6 66.92 66.92
186 400 Parli Lonikhand 2 D/C 284.000 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 157.6 66.92 66.92
187 400 Pune (PG) Padghe 1 S/C 96.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 53.3 53.28 53.28
188 400 Sholapur(Mah) Sholapur(PG) 1 S/C 178.000 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 98.8 98.79 98.79
189 400 Sholapur(PG) Karad 1 S/C 300.000 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 166.5 121.15 121.15
GUJARAT
190 400 Asoj Ukai 1 S/C 140 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 77.7 77.70 77.70
191 400 Mundra (Adani) Varsana 1 S/C 166 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 92.1 92.13 92.13
192 400 Varsana Hadala 1 S/C 155 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 86.0 86.03 86.03
193 400 Mundra (Adani) Hadala 1 S/C 238 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 -1 515 0.555 132.1 74.95 74.95
194 400 Zerda Vadavi(R'chpur) D/C * 1 D/C 155 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 86.0 86.03 86.03
195 400 Zerda Vadavi(R'chpur) D/C * 2 D/C 155 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 86.0 86.03 86.03
196 400 Limbdi(Chorania) Vadavi(R'chpur) D/C * 1 D/C 190 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 105.5 105.45 105.45
197 400 Limbdi(Chorania) Vadavi(R'chpur) D/C * 2 D/C 190 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 105.5 105.45 105.45
198 400 Asoj Wanakbori 1 S/C 76 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 42.2 42.18 42.18
199 400 Chorania Amreli 1 S/C 164 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 91.0 91.02 91.02
200 400 Asoj Chorania 1 S/C 166 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 92.1 92.13 92.13
201 400 Asoj Chorania 1 S/C 177 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 98.2 98.24 98.24
202 400 Asoj SSP 1 S/C 83 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 46.1 46.07 46.07
203 400 Kasor SSP 1 S/C 146 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 81.0 81.03 81.03
204 400 Kasor GPEC 1 S/C 98 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 54.4 54.39 54.39
205 400 Kasor-Chorania Chorania 1 S/C 103 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 57.2 57.17 57.17
206 400 Amreli Jetpur 1 S/C 96 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 53.3 53.28 53.28
207 400 Chorania Hadala 1 S/C 166 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 92.1 92.13 92.13
208 400 Hadala Jetpur 1 S/C 115 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 63.8 63.83 63.83
209 400 Soja Kansari 1 S/C 135 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 74.9 74.93 74.93
210 400 Vadavi(R'chpur) Dehgam 1 S/C 62 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 34.4 34.41 34.41
211 400 Vadavi(R'chpur) Dehgam 1 S/C 62 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 34.4 34.41 34.41
212 400 Soja Wanakbori 1 S/C 95 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 52.7 52.73 52.73
MVAR relief
From End To End Total MVAR available when
From End To End reactor line is opened
Line Shunt Shunt Line Line relief
Sl. Voltage CKT Ckt. Type Type of reactor used as used as Bus & Line Reactor
FROM TO Length Reactor Reactor SIL charging Charging available Remarks
No in kV ID (Tower) conductor Bus Reactor Reactor (Yes=1, is used as Bus
(in km) rated for (Yes=1, No=-1) rated for Mvar/km Mvar of when line is
No=-1) Reactor
400kV 400kV the line opened
*
213 Soja Dehgam 1 S/C 40 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 22.2 22.20 22.20
214 400 Dehgam Wanakbori 1 S/C 67 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 37.2 37.19 37.19
CHATTISGARH
215 400 Bhilai Korba(W) 1 S/C 190 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 515 0.555 105.5 60.10 60.10
216 400 Bhilai Seoni upto border 1 S/C 78 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 515 0.555 43.3 -2.06 -2.06
* Utilization of line reactor as bus reactor necessitates arrangements for bypassing Neutral Grounding reactor(NGR) of line reactor. Work is in progress at many substations & this
column is therefore incomplete as of now
1 400 ALMATHI VALLUR 1 D/C 40.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 22.2 22.20 22.20
2 400 ALMATHI VALLUR 2 D/C 40.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 22.2 22.20 22.20
3 400 GOOTY NELMANGALA 1 S/C 256.130 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 142.2 96.80 96.80
4 400 HYDERABAD GAJWAL 1 S/C 72.800 TWIN MOOSE 45.35 -1 0.00 515 0.555 40.4 -4.95 -4.95
5 400 HYDERABAD KURNOOL 1 S/C 226.500 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 125.7 125.71 125.71
6 400 HYDERABAD NAGARJUNASAGAR 1 S/C 155.264 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 86.2 86.17 86.17
7 400 KHAMMAM NAGARJUNASAGAR 1 S/C 144.577 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 80.2 80.24 80.24
8 400 KHAMMAM VIJAYAWADA 1 S/C 114.775 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 63.7 63.70 63.70
9 400 KHAMMAM WARANGAL 1 S/C 117.500 TWIN MOOSE 45.35 -1 0.00 515 0.555 65.2 19.86 19.86
10 400 KURNOOL GOOTY 1 S/C 84.590 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 46.9 46.95 46.95
11 400 MALKARAM HYDERABAD 1 S/C 54.060 TWIN AAAC 0.00 45.35 -1 425 0.555 30.0 -15.35 -15.35
12 400 MEHBOOBNAGAR RAICHUR 1 S/C 73.680 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 40.9 40.89 40.89
13 400 NAGARJUNASAGAR CUDDAPAH 1 S/C 277.325 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 153.9 108.56 108.56
14 400 NAGARJUNASAGAR CUDDAPAH 2 S/C 278.664 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 154.7 109.31 109.31
15 400 NAGARJUNASAGAR GOOTY 1 S/C 308.437 TWIN MOOSE 45.35 1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 171.2 80.48 125.83
NAGARJUNASAGAR MEHBOOBNAGAR 1 S/C 184.350 TWIN MOOSE
16 400 57.14 -1 0.00 515 0.555 102.3 45.17 45.17
17 NELLORE ALMATHI 1 D/C 194.450 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 107.9 107.92 107.92
18 400 NELLORE ALMATHI 2 D/C 194.450 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 107.9 107.92 107.92
19 400 RAICHUR GOOTY 1 D/C 146.720 QUAD BERSIMIS 0.00 0.00 691 0.746 109.5 109.45 109.45
20 400 RAICHUR GOOTY 2 D/C 146.720 QUAD BERSIMIS 0.00 0.00 691 0.746 109.5 109.45 109.45
21 400 RAICHUR MUNIRABAD 1 S/C 172.445 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 57.14 -1 515 0.555 95.7 38.56 38.56
22 400 RAMAGUNDAM CHANDRAPUR 1 D/C 177.605 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 98.6 98.57 98.57
23 400 RAMAGUNDAM CHANDRAPUR 2 D/C 177.605 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 98.6 98.57 98.57
24 400 RAMAGUNDAM GAJWAL 1 S/C 135.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 74.9 74.93 74.93
25 400 RAMAGUNDAM HYDERABAD 3 D/C 201.236 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 111.7 111.69 111.69
26 400 RAMAGUNDAM HYDERABAD 4 D/C 201.236 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 111.7 111.69 111.69
27 400 RAMAGUNDAM MALKARAM 1 S/C 192.400 TWIN AAAC 0.00 0.00 425 0.555 106.8 106.78 106.78
28 400 RAMAGUNDAM NAGARJUNASAGAR 1 D/C 267.200 TWIN MOOSE 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 148.3 57.59 57.59
29 400 RAMAGUNDAM NAGARJUNASAGAR 2 D/C 267.200 TWIN MOOSE 45.35 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 148.3 57.59 57.59
30 400 RAMAGUNDAM WARANGAL 1 S/C 98.830 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 54.9 54.85 54.85
31 400 SIMHADRI GAJUWAKA 1 S/C 12.800 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 57.14 1 515 0.555 7.1 -50.04 7.10
42 400 BANGALORE SALEM SC1 S/C 181.357 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 45.35 1 515 0.555 100.7 55.30 100.65
43 400 CHITOOR SRIPERUMBUDUR SC1 S/C 95.140 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 45.35 1 515 0.555 52.8 7.45 52.80
44 400 CUDDAPAH CHITOOR SC1 S/C 147.140 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 81.7 81.66 81.66
45 400 CUDDAPAH KOLAR AC SC1 S/C 174.073 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 96.6 96.61 96.61
46 400 GOOTY HOODY SC1 S/C 253.690 TWIN MOOSE 57.14 -1 0.00 515 0.555 140.8 83.66 83.66
47 400 HOSUR SALEM SC1 S/C 126.339 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 70.1 70.12 70.12
48 400 HASSAN MYSORE DC1 D/C 96.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 53.3 53.28 53.28
49 400 HASSAN MYSORE DC2 D/C 96.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 53.3 53.28 53.28
50 400 KAIGA NARENDRA DC1 D/C 107.662 AAAC TWIN 0.00 0.00 425 0.555 59.8 59.75 59.75
51 400 KAIGA NARENDRA DC2 D/C 107.662 AAAC TWIN 0.00 0.00 425 0.555 59.8 59.75 59.75
52 400 KAIGA SIRSI DC1 D/C 61.432 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 34.1 34.09 34.09
53 400 KAIGA SIRSI DC2 D/C 61.432 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 34.1 34.09 34.09
54 400 KALIVANDAPATTU SRIPERUMBUDUR SC1 S/C 30.700 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 17.0 17.04 17.04
55 400 KOLAR AC BANGALORE SC1 S/C 97.391 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 45.35 1 515 0.555 54.1 8.70 54.05
56 400 KOLAR AC HOODY DC1 D/C 51.067 QUAD BERSIMIS 0.00 0.00 691 0.746 38.1 38.10 38.10
57 400 KOLAR AC HOODY DC2 D/C 51.067 QUAD BERSIMIS 0.00 0.00 691 0.746 38.1 38.10 38.10
58 400 KOLAR AC HOSUR DC1 D/C 69.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 38.3 38.30 38.30
59 400 KOLAR AC HOSUR DC2 D/C 69.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 38.3 38.30 38.30
60 400 KOLAR AC KALIVANDAPATTU SC1 S/C 241.200 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 133.9 88.51 88.51
61 400 KUDAMKULAM TIRUNELVELI DC1 D/C 72.489 QUAD MOOSE 0.00 0.00 687 0.740 53.6 53.64 53.64
62 400 KUDAMKULAM TIRUNELVELI DC2 D/C 72.489 QUAD MOOSE 0.00 0.00 687 0.740 53.6 53.64 53.64
63 400 KUDAMKULAM TIRUNELVELI DC3 D/C 79.534 QUAD MOOSE 0.00 0.00 687 0.740 58.9 58.86 58.86
102 400 KALPAKKA GAZUWAKA 1 D/C 12.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 6.7 6.66 6.66
103 400 KALPAKKA GAZUWAKA 2 D/C 12.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 6.7 6.66 6.66
104 400 KALPAKKA VEMAGIRI 1 D/C 158.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 87.7 87.69 87.69
105 400 KALPAKKA VEMAGIRI 2 D/C 158.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 87.7 87.69 87.69
106 400 KHAMMAM KALPAKKA 1 D/C 364.000 TWIN MOOSE 57.14 1 57.14 -1 515 0.555 202.0 87.73 144.88
107 400 KHAMMAM KALPAKKA 2 D/C 364.000 TWIN MOOSE 57.14 1 57.14 -1 515 0.555 202.0 87.73 144.88
108 400 KHAMMAM MAMIDAPALLY 1 D/C 198.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 109.9 109.89 109.89
109 400 KHAMMAM MAMIDAPALLY 2 D/C 198.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 109.9 109.89 109.89
110 400 MAMIDIPALLY GHANAPUR S/C 45.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 25.0 24.98 24.98
111 400 RAMAGUNDAM DICHPALLY 1 D/C 149.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 82.7 82.70 82.70
112 400 SIMHADRI KALPAKKA 1 D/C 3.700 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 2.1 2.05 2.05
113 400 SIMHADRI KALPAKKA 2 D/C 3.700 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 2.1 2.05 2.05
114 400 SIMHADRI KALPAKKA 3 D/C 3.700 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 2.1 2.05 2.05
115 400 SIMHADRI KALPAKKA 4 D/C 3.700 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 2.1 2.05 2.05
116 400 SRISAILAM KURNOOL S/C 104.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 57.7 57.72 57.72
117 400 SRISAILAM MAMIDAPALLI 1 D/C 147.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 81.6 81.59 81.59
118 400 SRISAILAM MAMIDAPALLI 2 D/C 147.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 81.6 81.59 81.59
119 400 SRISAILAM VTPS IV 1 D/C 213.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 118.2 118.22 118.22
120 400 SRISAILAM VTPS IV 2 D/C 213.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 118.2 118.22 118.22
121 400 VTPS IV VIJAYAWADA 1 D/C 18.660 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 10.4 10.36 10.36
122 400 VTPS IV VIJAYAWADA 1 D/C 18.660 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 10.4 10.36 10.36
123 400 VEMAGIRI GMR 1 D/C 1.760 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 1.0 0.98 0.98
124 400 VEMAGIRI GMR 2 D/C 1.760 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 1.0 0.98 0.98
125 400 VEMAGIRI GOUTAMI CCPP 1 D/C 39.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 21.6 21.65 21.65
126 400 VEMAGIRI GOUTAMI CCPP 2 D/C 39.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 21.6 21.65 21.65
127 400 VEMAGIRI GVK(JPD) 1 D/C 6.840 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 3.8 3.80 3.80
128 400 VEMAGIRI GVK(JPD) 2 D/C 6.840 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 3.8 3.80 3.80
135 400 BTPS JSW TORANAGALLU 1 S/C 14.000 TWIN MOOSE 45.35 -1 0.00 515 0.555 7.8 -37.58 -37.58
136 400 JSW TORANAGALLU GUTTUR 1 S/C 146.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 45.35 1 515 0.555 81.0 35.68 81.03
137 400 GUTTUR HIRIYUR 1 D/C 100.000 DRAKE 45.35 1 0.00 515 0.555 55.5 10.15 55.50
138 400 GUTTUR HIRIYUR 2 D/C 100.000 DRAKE 45.35 1 0.00 515 0.555 55.5 10.15 55.50
139 400 HASSAN NELMANGALA 1* D/C 213.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 45.35 1 515 0.555 118.2 72.86 118.22
140 400 HIRIYUR NELMANGALA 1 D/C 160.000 DRAKE 0.00 45.35 1 515 0.555 88.8 43.45 88.80
141 400 HIRIYUR NELMANGALA 2 D/C 160.000 DRAKE 0.00 45.35 1 515 0.555 88.8 43.45 88.80
142 400 HOODY NELMANGALA S/C 70.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 38.9 38.85 38.85
143 400 MUNIRABAD GUTTUR S/C 118.000 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 65.5 65.49 65.49
144 400 RAICHUR BTPS S/C 151.400 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 84.0 84.03 84.03
145 400 TALAGUPPA HASSAN 1* D/C 284.000 TWIN MOOSE 45.35 1 0.00 515 0.555 157.6 112.27 157.62
146 400 TALAGUPPA NELMANGALA 2 D/C 350.000 TWIN MOOSE 45.35 1 45.35 1 515 0.555 194.3 103.55 194.25
NLC
147 400 NEYVELI_TS2 NEYVELI_TS2 EXP 1 S/C 1.400 TWIN MOOSE 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 0.8 0.78 0.78
TOTAL 19267 1103.9 1910.2 10825.2 7811.1 9597.1
MVAR relief
From End To End available when
From End reactor To End reactor Total Line MVAR relief
Line Shunt Shunt Line line is opened &
Sl. Voltage CKT Ckt. Type Type of used as Bus used as Bus Charging available
FROM TO Length Reactor Reactor SIL charging Line Reactor is Remarks
No in kV ID (Tower) conductor Reactor (Yes=1, Reactor Mvar of the when line is
(in km) rated for rated for Mvar/km used as Bus
No=-1) (Yes=1, No=-1) line opened
400kV 400kV Reactor
*
STATE SECTOR
1 400 ARAMBAGH BIDHANNAGAR (WB) 1 80 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 44.4 44.40 44.40
2 400 BAKRESWAR ARAMBAGH 1 130 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 515 0.555 72.2 26.80 26.80
3 400 BARIPADA PG KOLAGHAT (WB) 1 174 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 96.6 96.57 96.57
4 400 DSTPS MEZIA 1 32 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 17.8 17.76 17.76
5 400 INDRAVATI (PG) INDRAVATI (OHPC) 1 1 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 0.6 0.56 0.56
6 400 JEERAT BAKRESWAR 1 162 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 515 0.555 89.9 44.56 44.56
7 400 KTPP JEERAT 1 130 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 72.2 72.15 72.15
8 400 KTPS ARAMBAGH 1 75 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 41.6 41.63 41.63
9 400 MERAMUNDALI MENDHASAL 1 90 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 50.0 49.95 49.95 CHARGED AT 220KV
10 400 MERAMUNDALI MENDHASAL I 1 100 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 55.5 55.50 55.50
11 400 PARULIA(PG) BIDHANNAGAR (WB) 1 11 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 515 0.555 6.1 -39.25 -39.25 CHARGED AT 220KV
12 400 PATRATU TENUGHAT 1 53 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 29.4 29.42 29.42 CHARGED AT 220KV
13 400 PPSP ARAMBAGH 1 210 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 116.6 116.55 116.55
14 400 PPSP ARAMBAGH 2 210 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 116.6 116.55 116.55
15 400 PPSP BIDHANNAGAR (WB) 1 185 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 102.7 102.68 102.68
16 400 RENGALI BARIPADA 1 240 Twin Moose 57.14 -1 0.00 515 0.555 133.2 76.06 76.06
17 400 BARIPADA MENDHASAL 1 273 Twin Moose 57.14 -1 0.00 515 0.555 151.5 94.37 94.37
18 400 BARIPADA MENDHASAL 2 273 Twin Moose 57.14 -1 0.00 515 0.555 151.5 94.37 94.37
CENTRAL SECTOR
19 400 BARH PATNA I 1 94 Quad Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 687 0.740 69.6 24.21 24.21
20 400 BARH PATNA II 1 94 Quad Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 687 0.740 69.6 24.21 24.21
21 400 BIHARSHARIFF MUZAFFARPUR 2 130 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 72.2 72.15 72.15
22 400 BIHARSHARIFF SASARAM - I 1 195 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 -1 515 0.555 108.2 51.08 51.08
23 400 BIHARSHARIFF SASARAM - II 2 195 Twin Moose 0.00 57.14 -1 515 0.555 108.2 51.08 51.08
24 400 BIHARSHARIFF (BSEB) TENUGHAT (JSEB) 1 182 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 101.0 55.66 55.66 CHARGED AT 220KV
25 400 FARAKKA KAHALGAON - I 1 95 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 52.7 52.73 52.73
26 400 FARAKKA KAHALGAON - II 2 95 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 52.7 52.73 52.73
27 400 FARAKKA KAHALGAON - III 1 95 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 52.7 52.73 52.73
28 400 FARAKKA KAHALGAON - IV 2 95 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 52.7 52.73 52.73
29 400 FARAKKA JEERAT 1 238 Twin Moose 0.00 45.35 -1 515 0.555 132.1 86.74 86.74
30 400 FARAKKA SAGARDIH 1 67 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 37.2 37.19 37.19
31 400 FRAKKA MALDA 1 40 Twin Moose 0.00 0.00 515 0.555 22.2 22.20 22.20
* Utilization of line reactor as bus reactor necessitates arrangements for bypassing Neutral Grounding reactor(NGR) of line reactor. Work is in progress at many substations & this column is
therefore incomplete as of now
MVAR relief
From End From End To End reactor Total Line MVAR relief available when
Line To End Shunt Line
Sl. Voltage CKT Ckt. Type Type of Shunt Reactor reactor used as used as Bus Charging available line is opened &
FROM TO Length Reactor rated SIL charging Remarks
No in kV ID (Towers) conductor rated for Bus Reactor Reactor Mvar of when line is Line Reactor is
(in km) for 400kV Mvar/km
400kV (Yes=1, No=-1) (Yes=1, No=-1) the line opened used as Bus
Reactor
A. POWERGRID
1 400 BALIPARA BONGAIGAON 1 D/C 289.72 Twin Moose 57.14 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 160.8 58.30 58.30
2 400 BALIPARA BONGAIGAON 2 D/C 289.72 Twin Moose 57.14 -1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 160.8 58.30 58.30
3 400 BALIPARA RANGANADI (NEEPCO) 1 D/C 166.34 Twin Moose 45.35 1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 92.3 1.62 46.97
4 400 BALIPARA RANGANADI (NEEPCO) 2 D/C 166.34 Twin Moose 45.35 1 45.35 -1 515 0.555 92.3 1.62 46.97
5 400 BALIPARA MISA 1 D/C 95.41 Twin Moose 45.35 -1 0.00 0 515 0.555 53.0 7.60 7.60
6 400 BALIPARA MISA 2 D/C 95.41 Twin Moose 0.00 0 0.00 0 515 0.555 53.0 52.95 52.95
TOTAL 50 3301 115 6392 52 3041 109 6312 28 1559 66 3633 25 1417 50 2962 15 544 14 778 29939.01
SUMMARY OF REACTORS
MONSOON OFF PEAK MONSOON PEAK WINTER OFF PEAK WINTER PEAK
Sl.No STATION NAME
MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA
WESTERN REGION
1 AKOLA 8357 12 8417 12 8326 12 8648 12
2 AMRELI 4596 7 4739 7 4371 6 4775 7
3 ASOJ 14532 21 15660 23 12771 18 16585 24
4 AURANGABAD 7636 11 7743 11 7531 11 7884 11
5 BABLESHWAR 12202 18 12610 18 11713 17 12935 19
6 BHADRAWATI 16698 24 16797 24 16785 24 17161 25
7 BHATAPARA 9412 14 9512 14 8935 13 8993 13
8 BHILAI 21664 31 22040 32 20999 30 21631 31
9 BHOPAL 12578 18 12841 19 11053 16 13928 20
10 BHUSAWAL 7828 11 7903 11 7905 11 8256 12
11 BINA 13082 19 13377 19 11631 17 14360 21
12 BINA-PG 13120 19 13415 19 11650 17 14401 21
13 BIRSINGPUR 6196 9 6325 9 5932 9 6518 9
14 BOISAR 13868 20 14531 21 14340 21 14862 21
15 CHANDRAPUR 18272 26 18394 27 18334 26 18795 27
16 CHORANIA 11270 16 11973 17 7660 11 10699 15
17 DABHOL 12963 19 14687 21 16392 24 17316 25
18 DAMOH 6368 9 6472 9 4969 7 5805 8
19 DEHGAM 14295 21 15760 23 12119 17 18848 27
20 DHULE 10680 15 11130 16 8262 12 11520 17
21 GANDHAR 12747 18 14363 21 9742 14 15181 22
22 GPEC 11320 16 12662 18 9131 13 13377 19
23 GWALIOR 10409 15 10547 15 10182 15 10856 16
24 HADALA 6420 9 6689 10 6227 9 6899 10
25 INDIRASAGAR 8448 12 8938 13 7321 11 11441 17
26 INDORE 11803 17 12190 18 10222 15 14172 20
27 ITARSI 14467 21 14792 21 14224 21 16717 24
28 JABALPUR 9700 14 9879 14 10184 15 10711 15
29 JAIGAD 6991 10 7581 11 10658 15 11309 16
30 JEJURI 8004 12 8593 12 8462 12 8812 13
31 JETPUR 4904 7 5069 7 4778 7 5216 8
32 JINDAL-B1 5780 8 5790 8 7286 11 7306 11
33 JINDAL-B2 2943 4 2958 4 6900 10 6917 10
34 KALWA 15019 22 16923 24 16716 24 17955 26
35 KARAD 10338 15 11900 17 11559 17 12299 18
36 KASOR 9903 14 10734 15 5885 8 11026 16
37 KATNI 4955 7 5043 7 5283 8 5512 8
38 KHANDWA 9975 14 10179 15 7933 11 12048 17
39 KHAPARKHEDA 13794 20 13914 20 12162 18 12701 18
40 KHARGHAR 11831 17 13097 19 13001 19 13820 20
41 KOLHAPUR 6731 10 7266 10 7148 10 7389 11
42 KORADI 14875 21 15021 22 13828 20 14587 21
43 KORBA NTPC 20980 30 21820 31 25119 36 25365 37
44 KORBA(W) 15920 23 16875 24 18061 26 18163 26
45 KOYNA 11649 17 14935 22 14504 21 16469 24
MONSOON OFF PEAK MONSOON PEAK WINTER OFF PEAK WINTER PEAK
Sl.No STATION NAME
MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA
EASTERN REGION
80 ARAMBAG 10903 16 12078 17 10816 16 11905 17
81 BAKRESHWAR 7674 11 7906 11 7484 11 7865 11
82 BARH 5880 8 5933 9 8233 12 8388 12
83 BARIPADA 6975 10 7064 10 6987 10 7103 10
84 BIDHAN NAGAR 13013 19 14433 21 12936 19 14227 21
85 BIHARSHARIFF 15663 23 15832 23 16457 24 16836 24
86 BINAGURI 11323 16 11381 16 9122 13 9760 14
87 DURGAPUR STPS 6620 10 6594 10 6564 9 6602 10
88 FARAKKA 21605 31 22057 32 21348 31 22070 32
89 INDRAVATI GRIDCO 3855 6 4527 7 3876 6 4918 7
MONSOON OFF PEAK MONSOON PEAK WINTER OFF PEAK WINTER PEAK
Sl.No STATION NAME
MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA
SOUTHERN REGION
124 ALMATTY 7245 10 7433 11 6099 9 6173 9
125 ARASUR 4871 7 5134 7 4919 7 5185 7
126 BELLARY TPS 10373 15 10577 15 10553 15 10631 15
127 BHADRAWATI_S 4316 6 4304 6 4431 6 4435 6
128 BUPAL PALLY 8001 12 8079 12 7582 11 7634 11
129 CHITTOR 5956 9 6041 9 5776 8 5827 8
130 CUDDAPAH 8347 12 8581 12 8134 12 8266 12
MONSOON OFF PEAK MONSOON PEAK WINTER OFF PEAK WINTER PEAK
Sl.No STATION NAME
MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA
MONSOON OFF PEAK MONSOON PEAK WINTER OFF PEAK WINTER PEAK
Sl.No STATION NAME
MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA
NORTHERN REGION
192 ANPARA C 6080 5 6074 5 6115 5 6193 5
193 ABDULLAPUR 13212 19 13541 20 13493 19 14713 21
194 AGRA (UP) 15072 22 15180 22 14938 22 15439 22
195 AGRA PG 18848 27 18979 27 18515 27 19297 28
196 ALLAHABAD 15501 22 15573 22 15409 22 15684 23
197 AMRITSAR 6976 10 7113 10 6096 9 6834 10
198 ANPARA 20654 30 20590 30 21039 30 21374 31
199 AURYA 13317 19 13375 19 13390 19 13694 20
200 AZAMGARH 12260 18 12407 18 12265 18 12509 18
201 BAGHLIHAR 6948 10 6961 10 4739 7 6127 9
202 BAHADURGARH 14182 20 14289 21 13514 20 14173 20
203 BALIA 765 Kv 13825 20 13987 20 13781 20 14085 20
204 BALLABHGARH 28766 42 28901 42 26973 39 28554 41
205 BAMNAULI 23696 34 23869 34 22322 32 23660 34
206 BARELI 14451 21 14516 21 13597 20 14280 21
207 BARELI-PG 15452 22 15521 22 14542 21 15272 22
208 BARMER 6752 10 6752 10 6407 9 6447 9
209 BASPA 7452 11 8196 12 8294 12 10786 16
210 BASSI 12931 19 12991 19 12743 18 13039 19
211 BAWANA 29473 43 29779 43 26966 39 29362 42
212 BHILWARA 4019 6 3998 6 3987 6 3987 6
213 BHINMAL 4641 7 4678 7 4631 7 4685 7
214 BHIWADI 14716 21 14803 21 14024 20 14574 21
215 BHIWANI 13279 19 13373 19 12674 18 13315 19
216 BIKANER 4297 6 4298 6 4311 6 4328 6
217 CHABRA 4785 7 4751 7 4462 6 4478 6
MONSOON OFF PEAK MONSOON PEAK WINTER OFF PEAK WINTER PEAK
Sl.No STATION NAME
MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA
MONSOON OFF PEAK MONSOON PEAK WINTER OFF PEAK WINTER PEAK
Sl.No STATION NAME
MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA MVA KA
13 2nd S/C Seoni (PG)Wardha (PG) line (initially to be operated at 400kV) S/C 261 Feb-12
14 LILO of Sipat - Seoni line at WR Pooling station Near Sipat S/C 8 Feb-12
15 LILO of Sipat - Seoni (2nd Ckt) at WR Pooling station Near Sipat S/C 8 Feb-12
16 Bina - Indore S/C 311 Mar-12
17 Satna - Bina line -I S/C 274 Mar-12
18 Gwalior - Jaipur (RVPN) line S/C 300 Nov-12
19 WESTERN CENTRAL Sasan - Vindhyachal Pooling Station line S/C 6 Nov-12
20 REGION SECTOR Satna - Gwalior line (359 Km + 60 Km D/C Portion) Ckt-II D/C + S/C 331 Nov-12
21 Satna - Gwalior line (Ckt-I) S/C 392 Nov-12
22 Vindhyachal Pooling Station - Satna line (234 Km + 12 Km D/C S/C Portion) Ckt-II D/C + S/C 234 Nov-12
23 Vindhyachal Pooling Station Satna line (Ckt-I) S/C 265 Nov-12
24 Sasan - Satna line -I S/C 246 Dec-12
25 Sasan - Satna line -II S/C 243 Dec-12
26 Satna - Bina line -II S/C 276 Dec-12
27 Gaya - Balia S/C 358 Feb-12
28 Sasaram - Fatehpur Line I S/C 320 Mar-12
29 EASTERN CENTRAL Gaya-Sasaram S/C 145 Mar-12
REGION SECTOR
30 Ranchi-WR Pooling Station S/C 398 Aug-12
31 Sasaram - Fatehpur line-II S/C 260 Dec-12
1 Northern 27694
2 Western 19725
3 Southern 16109
ER Data not
4 Eastern *
available
5 North Eastern 175
TOTAL 63703
NORTHERN REGION
NORTHERN REGION
NORTHERN REGION
NORTHERN REGION
WESTERN REGION
TT-Total No. of Taps, NT-Nominal Tap, PT- Present Tap
STEP
POWERGRID
1 Raigarh 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 11
2 Jabalpur 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 9B
3 Satna 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 9B
4 Raipur 3x315 17 9 1.25 5 11
5 Mapusa 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 10
6 Vapi 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 12
7 Boisar 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 9
8 Khandwa 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 11
9 Seoni (765/400KV) 3x1500 23 9 1.25 5 9B
10 Seoni 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 9B
11 Bhatapara 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 9B
12 Rajgarh 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 11
13 Gwalior 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 9B
14 Damoh 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 9B
15 Itarasi 1x315 17 9 1.25 5 11
16 Dehgam 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 12
17 Wardha 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 11
18 Bina 1x315 17 9 1.25 5 9
19 Solapur 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 9
20 Pune 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 9
GUJARAT
21 ASOJ 2x500 17 9 1.25 5 12
22 WANAKBORI 1x500 17 9 1.25 5 9
23 SOJA(Nardipur) 2x500 17 9 1.25 5 11
24 Jetpur 3x315 17 9 1.25 5 9
25 Chorania (Limdi) 2x500 17 9 1.25 5 13
26 Hadala(Rajkot) 2X315 17 9 1.25 5 9
27 GPEC 1x500 17 9 1.25 5 11
28 Kasor 1x500 17 9 1.25 5 9B
29 Amreli 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 12
30 Kansari(Zerda) 3x315 17 9 1.25 5 12
31 APL, Mundra 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 7
CHATTISGARH
33 Korba (W) 1x500 17 9 1.25 5 12
34 Bhilai 3x315 17 9 1.25 5 13,13,9
MADHYA PRADESH
35 Satpura 1x500 17 9 1.25 5 10
36 Indore 4x315 17 9 1.25 5 13,13,9B,9
37 Bhopal 3x315 17 9 1.25 5 9
38 Nagda 3x315 17 9 1.25 5 11
39 Birsinghpur 1x500 17 9 1.25 5 11
40 Katni 1x315 17 9 1.25 5 7
41 Bina 3x315 17 9 1.25 5 9
WESTERN REGION
TT-Total No. of Taps, NT-Nominal Tap, PT- Present Tap
STEP
MAHARASHTRA
42 Kalwa 1x600+2x500 17 9 1.25 5 11
43 Bhusawal 2x200 17 9 1.25 5 12
44 Bhusawal 1x315+1x500 17 9 1.25 5 11
45 Jejuri 2x500 17 9 1.25 5 9
46 Solapur 2x500 17 9 1.25 5 11
47 Koradi 1x300+1X315 17 9 1.25 5 11
48 Nagothane 2X315+1x500 17 9 1.25 5 9B
49 Chandrapur 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 12
50 Parli 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 12
51 Karad 3X315 17 9 1.25 5 9
52 Lonikhand 3x315 17 9 1.25 5 13
53 Aurangabad 2x315+1x500 17 9 1.25 5 9
54 Padghe 3x315 17 9 1.25 5 8
55 New Koyna 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 11
56 Dhule 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 11
57 Bableshwar 2x315+1x500 17 9 1.25 5 11,11,9
58 Kolhapur 4x315 17 9 1.25 5 9
59 Akola 1x315 17 9 1.25 5 8
60 Kharghar 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 11
61 Chakan 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 11
CENTRAL SECTOR/SSP/IPP
62 Seoni (765/400KV) 2x1000 23 9 1.25 5 7
63 VINDHYACHAL 3x200 17 9 1.25 5 9B
64 GANDHAR 2X500 17 9 1.25 5 10
65 Sardar Sarovar 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 9
66 JPL, Tamnar 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 9B
67 NSPCL,Bhilai 2x315 17 9 1.25 5 8
SOUTHERN REGION
Note: TT-Total No. of Taps, NT-Nominal Tap, PT- Present Tap
POWERGRID SRTS - 2
SOUTHERN REGION
Note: TT-Total No. of Taps, NT-Nominal Tap, PT- Present Tap
EASTERN REGION
Note: TT-Total No. of Taps, NT-Nominal Tap, PT- Present Tap
POWERGRID NERTS
3 252 11 2.5 6
4 246 11 2.5 6
5 240 11 2.5 6 Nom inal Tap
6 234 11 2.5 6
7 228 11 2.5 6
8 222 11 2.5 6
9 216 11 2.5 6 Minimum Turns Ratio Position
High Voltage
2 231/3 11/3 2.5 5.5
Side
3 225.5/3 11/3 2.5 5.5
4 220/ 3 11/ 3 2.5 5.5 Nom inal Tap
5 214.5/ 3 11/ 3 2.5 5.5 Minimum Turns Ratio Position
TOTAL 7113.6