A STUDY ON

EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION
Objective of the study:

The objective of the study are:

To find out if employees working in the unit are motivated or not.

To find out if various incentives and motivational factors provided by the
company to the employees are satisfactory to the employees or not.
Recommend suggestions to management based on the results obtained.

Research methodology

The purpose of this study is to find out whether the employees working in the SEPL
noida unit C-35 are motivated or not. This study desires to provide a analysis of the
employee motivation with a special focus on the regular employee of the
establishment.

Research design

The research design is of descriptive nature and the information was collected by
distribution of questionnaire among the regular employees in the establishment. In
descriptive research design cross sectional study are also used a cross sectional
study is concerned with the sample element with the given population that deals
with the employees data on no. of characteristic from the sample element are
collected and analyzed.

Sampling

A sample size of 18 regular executive employee and 80 regular non executive

employees was taken. The sample was selected through the process of non-
proportionate stratified random sampling.

Data collection procedure:

In this study a questionnaire was prepared the questionnaire consisted of 5 section

which were based on the maslows need hierarchy and it was circulated among the
employees.

Scaling technique

For this study a 5 point Likert scale was used in the questionnaire, in Likert scale
respondent are required to respond to each of the statement in terms of several
degree of agreement disagreement.
Executive employee motivation

Gender distribution frequency

Gender frequency Percentage

Male 14 77%
Female 4 23%
Total 18 100%

frequency
16
14
12
10
frequency
8
6
4
2
0
male female
AGE DISTRIBUTION

AGE DISTRRIBUTION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

20-30 6 33.3%
31-40 10 55.6%
41-50 2 11.1%
51 ABOVE 0 0%
TOTAL 18 100%

FREQUENCY
12

10

8
FREQUENCY
6

0
20-30 31-40 41-50 51 ABOVE
The analysis of the response of the respondents, as per the Maslows need of
hierarchy. In the table the response of the respondent are shown question wise in
percentage.

Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY

AGREED DISAGREE
Q.1 11.11% 66.6% 11.11% 5.55% 5.55%
Q.2 0% 22.22% 33.33% 38.88% 5.55%
Q.3 50% 50% 0% 0% 0%
Q.4 16.66% 55.55% 11.11% 16.66% 0%
Q.5 22.22% 44.44% 5.55% 27.77% 0%
Q.6 22.22% 55.55% 0% 11.11% 5.55%
Q.7 33.33% 27.77% 11.11% 22.22% 5.55%
Q.8 33.33% 50% 5.55% 11.11% 0%
Q.9 44.44% 50% 0% 5.55% 0%
Q.10 66.66% 27.77% 0% 5.55% 0%
Q.11 50% 16.66% 22.22% 5.55% 5.55%
Q.12 33.33% 44.44% 22.22% 0% 0%
Q.13 11.11% 66.66% 5.55% 16.66% 0%
Q.14 11.11% 44.44% 16.66% 16.66% 11.11%
Q.15 22.22% 66.66% 5.55% 5.55% 0%
Q.16 61.11% 16.66% 16.66% 5.55% 0%
Q.17 66.66% 33.33% 0% 0% 0%
Q.18 55.55% 27.77% 11.11% 5.55% 0%
Q.19 22.22% 44.44% 16.66% 11.11% 5.55%
Q.20 38.88% 44.44% 11.11% 0% 5.55%
In this table the response of the respondents are given in frequency.

Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY

AGREED DISAGREE
Q.1 2 12 2 1 1
Q.2 0 4 6 7 1
Q.3 9 9 0 0 0
Q.4 3 10 2 3 0
Q.5 4 8 1 5 0
Q.6 4 10 0 3 1
Q.7 6 5 2 4 1
Q.8 6 9 1 2 0
Q.9 8 9 0 1 0
Q.10 12 5 0 1 0
Q.11 9 3 4 1 1
Q.12 6 8 4 0 0
Q.13 2 12 1 3 0
Q.14 2 8 3 3 2
Q.15 4 12 1 1 0
Q.16 11 3 3 1 0
Q.17 12 6 0 0 0
Q.18 10 5 2 1 0
Q.19 4 8 3 2 1
Q.20 7 8 2 0 1
TOTAL 121 154 37 39 9

2
11

10 34 strongly agree
agree
neutral
disagree
strongly disagree

43

PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
These include the most basic needs that are vital for survival, such as the need for
water, air, food, nice salary etc. maslow believe that these needs are the most basic
and instinctive needs in the hierarchy because all needs become secondary until
these physiological needs are fulfilled. The frequency distribution of the respondents
are recorded in the table below.

In the pie chart the percentage of summed frequency in given. And it is clearly
visible that physiological need of 67% of the employee are getting satisfied.

Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY

AGREED DISAGREE
Q.1 2 12 2 1 1
Q.2 0 4 6 7 1
Q.3 9 9 0 0 0
Q.4 3 10 2 3 0
Q.5 4 8 1 5 0
TOTAL 18 43 11 16 2
 3
20
18

STRONGLY AGREE
AGREE
NEUTRAL
12
DISAGREE
STRONGLY DISAGREE

47

Securi
ty needs

Employers should help employee feel physically safe by taking care of threats
seriously and by having policy in place to prevent accident. Employees must also
feel that their job is secure. And the company should be committed by providing a
safe and healthy workplace environment to keep the employee motivated in the
table below the frequency of the respondent is given, question were asked if the
respondent were satisfied by the work environment, safety measure etc.

In the pie chart below the percentage of summed frequency are given. A total of
73% employee are satisfied by the work environment and safety measures provided
by the company.

Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY

AGREED DISAGREE
Q.6 4 10 0 3 1
Q.7 6 5 2 4 1
Q.8 6 9 1 2 0
TOTAL 16 24 3 9 2
 6

16 29
STRONGLY AGREE
AGREE
5 NEUTRAL
DISAGREE
STRONGLY DISAGREE

44

Social needs

Once basic needs and security needs have been meet, employees seek to meet
their needs for belonging and love. Employees must feel comfortable with their co
workers and their supervisors , even if they dont like a get along with everybody,
they need to feel like they belong and are loved by atleast some of the people they
work with. If an employee feels alienated from the company, they may not do their
best work. This is very important when it comes to employer/ employee
relationships. If employees dont feel their bosses value them or their contributions,
they wont want to do their job .

In the pie chart below the percentage of summed frequency are given. A total of
84% employee are satisfied by the work environment and safety measures provided
by the company.

Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY

AGREED DISAGREE
Q.9 8 9 0 1 0
Q.10 12 5 0 1 0
Q.11 9 3 4 1 1
total 29 17 4 3 1

4
5
7

strongly agree
agree
neutral
53
disagree
31 strongly disagree

Esteem needs

Esteem needs can be grouped into internal and external ones. Internally motivating
esteem needs are those such as self esteem, accomplishment and self respect, the
need for strength, competence, mastery and freedom. External esteem needs are
those such as reputation and recognition, the need for status, attention.

In the pie chart below the percentage of summed frequency are given. A total of
74.5% employees are satisfied by the work environment and safety measures
provided by the company.

Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY

AGREED DISAGREE
Q.12 6 8 4 0 0
Q.13 2 12 1 3 0
Q.14 2 8 3 3 2
Q.15 4 12 1 1 0
TOTAL 14 40 9 7 2

3.5
10 19

strongly agree
12
agree
neutral
disagree
strongly disagree

55.5

Self actualization needs

Self actualization is the highest level of maslows needs hierarchy. It is an employees

need to feel like he is living upto his potential in life and is using his creativity and
passion employees sometimes change career if they find their current career cant
meet these needs. However, if an employee is working in the right job for him and
all other needs are met, he should be able to feel like his job satisfies his highest
needs.

In the pie chart below the percentage of summed frequency are given. A total of
81% employees are satisfied by the work environment and safety measures
provided by the company.
Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY
AGREED DISAGREE
Q.16 11 3 3 1 0
Q.17 12 6 0 0 0
Q.18 10 5 2 1 0
Q.19 4 8 3 2 1
Q.20 7 8 2 0 1
total 44 30 10 4 2

4 3
11

strongly agree
agree
49 neutral
disagree
strongly disagree
33

Non executive employee motivation

Gender frequency

Gender frequency Percentage

Male 15 19%
Female 65 81%
total 80 100%
 Frequency
70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
male female

Age distribution

AGE DISTRRIBUTION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

18-30 39 49%
31-40 23 29%
41-50 18 22%
51 ABOVE 0 0%
TOTAL 80 100%
 frequency
60

50

40
frequency
30

20

10

0
18-30 31-40 41-50 51 and above

In this table the response of the respondents are given in frequency

Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY

AGREED DISAGREE
Q.1 12 17 9 26 16
Q.2 8 18 28 15 11
Q.3 55 25 0 0 0
Q.4 21 23 8 16 12
Q.5 24 35 7 10 4
Q.6 24 29 23 4 0
Q.7 31 18 19 9 3
Q.8 35 23 12 8 2
Q.9 35 34 5 5 1
Q.10 37 24 12 7 0
Q.11 32 22 16 10 0
Q.12 36 23 15 6 0
Q.13 13 22 7 23 15
Q.14 26 22 11 13 8
TOTAL 389 335 172 152 72

6%

13%
35% strongly agree
agree
neutral
15%
disagree
strongly disagree

30%

The analysis of the response of the respondents, as per the Maslows need of
hierarchy. In the table the response of the respondent are shown question wise in
percentage.

Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY

AGREED DISAGREE
Q.1 15% 21.25% 11.25% 32.5% 20%
Q.2 10% 22.5% 35% 18.7% 13.7%
Q.3 68.7% 31.2% 0% 0% 0%
Q.4 26.2% 28.7% 10% 20% 15%
Q.5 30% 43.7% 8% 12.5% 5%
Q.6 30% 36.2% 28.7% 5% 0%
Q.7 38.7% 22.5% 23.7% 11.2% 3.7%
Q.8 43.7% 28.7% 15% 10% 2.5%
Q.9 43.7% 42.5% 6.2% 6.2% 1.2%
Q.10 46.2% 30% 15% 33.7% 0%
Q.11 40% 27.5% 20% 12.5% 0%
Q.12 45% 28.7% 18.7% 6.2% 0%
Q.13 16.2% 27.5% 8.7% 28.7% 18.7%
Q.14 32.5% 27.5% 13.7% 16.2% 10%

Physiological needs

In the below table the frequency of the response of the respondents is given. A total
of only 59% of the employees are satisfied. Employees are mainly dissatisfied
regarding their salary O.T and incentive schemes. The requests of starting canteen
service again were also mentioned.

Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY

 AGREED DISAGREE
Q.1 12 17 9 26 16
Q.2 8 18 28 15 11
Q.3 55 25 0 0 0
Q.4 21 23 8 16 12
Q.5 24 35 7 10 4
TOTAL 120 118 52 67 43

11%

30%
STRONGLY AGREE
17%
AGREE
NEUTRAL
DISAGREE
STRONGLY DISAGREE
13%

29%

Security needs

In the below table the frequency of the response of the respondents is given. A total
of only 66% of the employees are satisfied. Some of the Employees were
dissatisfied by the work environment , and safety measures. These are the two
areas were the management should take adequate measures to alleviate the
present situation.
Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY
AGREED DISAGREE
Q.6 24 29 23 4 0
Q.7 31 18 19 9 3
Q.8 35 23 12 8 2
TOTAL 90 70 54 21 5

2%
8%

38% STRONGLY AGREE

22% AGREE
NEUTRAL
DISAGREE
STRONGLY DISAGREE

30%

Social needs

In the below table the frequency of the response of the respondents is given. A total
of only 76% of the employees are satisfied. But we can also see that in question 11
which is asking if the management is taking care of the employees on both personal
and professional level, some of the respondent have disagreed with the statement.
So adequate measures should be taken by the management, the grievance
handling committee should take care of the employees personal and professional
problems.

Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY

AGREED DISAGREE
Q.9 35 34 5 5 1
Q.10 37 24 12 7 0
Q.11 32 22 16 10 0
TOTAL 104 80 33 21 1

9% 0%

14%
STRONGLY AGREE
43% AGREE
NEUTRAL
DISAGRE
STRONGLY DISAGREE

33%

Esteem needs

In the below table the frequency of the response of the respondents is given. A total
of only 59% of the employees are satisfied. In question no. 13 we can see that
external esteem needs are not being fulfilled which includes reputation and
recognition, the need for status prestige and attention.

Questions STRONGLY AGREED NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY

AGREED DISAGREE
Q.12 36 23 15 6 0
Q.13 13 22 7 23 15
Q.14 26 22 11 13 8
TOTAL 75 67 33 42 23

9%

31%
17% STRONGLY AGREE
AGREE
NEUTRAL
DISAGREE
STRONGLY DISAGREE
14%

28%

Discussion of findings
The result of the questionnaire and the data analysis were described in the previous
section. Here we will discuss the significant finding of the research according to
each question.

Research question 1

What percentages of the employees are motivated?

The questionnaire asked the employees if they were satisfied by the motivational
factors such as their pay, work environment, safety and security measures, growth
opportunity etc, provided by the company. After compiling the data it was concluded
that 77% of the executive level employee and 65% of the non-executive level
employee are motivated in the unit the motivational need of the rest of the
employee are not getting fulfilled.

Research question 2

What are the areas were the management is lacking to fulfill the motivational need
of the employees?

As per the Maslows need hierarchy the motivational need are divided in five
categories namely

1. Physiological needs
2. Safety needs
3. Social needs
4. Esteem needs
5. Self-actualization needs

However, the operator level questionnaire focuses only on the first 4 needs as the
self actualization need is not mandatory in this context.

The questionnaire was based on Maslows need hierarchy and the respondents
were asked if they were satisfied by various incentives provided by the company.

Physiological needs for the executive level we see that only 67% and in non
executive level only 59% employee are satisfied. The physiological needs are the
basic needs which an employee needs to be motivated. we see tha a significant
amount of employees are not satisfied by their pay and canteen facilities which are
provided by the company. The management of the unit cannot decide much on the
pay but it can definitely make sure that their employees get food arrangement.

Safety need of the executive level and non-executive level are 73% and 66%
employees respectively are satisfied. They are dissatisfied by the safety measure
and the work environment. The management should provide better training and
safety equipment and try to ameliorate the work environment.
Social needs of executive and non executive level 76% and 84% employees are
satisfied. The respondents agree that the employees maintain a friendly behavior
towards each other and they enjoy working with them, and so it can be concluded
that, their social needs are been taken care of.

Esteem needs, from the data collected we see that in the executive level 74.5% and
non-executive level 59% are satisfied. We can also conclude that a definite number
of people dont get appreciation and recognition for the work they do.

Self actualization needs for executive level is 81%. From the data we can concluded
that the employees are not satisfied by the promotion policies.

Suggestion, recommendation and limitation

To help satisfy the physiological needs the management definitely needs to take
care of the pay, water and medical facilities. Even the factories act 1948, states that
for every 150 workers working in the factory there should be atleast one first aid
box, other than that we can also know from the TLS reports which operator is
working with quality, and reward them specially at the end of the month.

When it comes to social needs a grievance handling or a counselor can be

appointed to take care of the employees both professional and personal problems,
and by doing so it will generate a sense of belongingness and the employees will
definitely be motivated and feel proud that they are part of the company.
Management can also introduce schemes like monthly birthday celebration of the
employees, were the birthdays of the employees falling in the particular month can
be jointly celebrated at the beginning or end of the month; this will definitely help in
increasing the bond between the employees. For the executives, management can
conduct team building exercises or games. This will also help in socializing as well
as increase the bonding between the employees.

When employees dont get appreciated and recognized for the work they do, their
morale gets low which will definitely result in de-motivating them. Appreciating and
recognizing the employee for the good work can boost employees motivation,
sometimes all you need to do is small things like a pat on the back and applaud and
it can do wonders. Apart from that schemes like employee of the month can be
implemented. This definitely will increase the efficiency and competition level, after
all who doesnt want his/her photo on the board with a golden star. Golden Stars can
also be mounted on the machines of the operators who perform with excellence and
monthly gifts or incentives can be provided this will boost the morale of the specific
employee as well as create an atmosphere around the factory to create quality
products.

Limitation
Major Limitations of the above study was operators were scared to give unbiased
answers as they were scared of scoldings even though their names were not taken
in the test questionnaire.

Employee motivation survey

Questionnaire

The questionnaire is intended to collect information which will help in determining

the motivational level of the employee in your organization. The information
collected so, will ot be disclosed with anybody else and will be used only for
statistical purpose and drawing of the result.

The questionnaire was prepared in both hindi and English.

Instructions

Plese go through and answer all the questions.

In order to answer please put a tick in appropriate box.
Some of the questions have been assigned ranks from 5 to 1

5- strongly agree

4-agree

3-nuetral/cant say

2-disagree

1-strongly disagree

Questions

1. which age group do you belong to?

20-30 31-40

41-50 51 and above

2. Which department do you work in?

3. Which grade do you belong to?
S. Question 5 4 3 2 1
N.
A1
1. Do you find your pay satisfactory?
2. Are you delighted by the canteen services?
3. Are you satisfied by the water facilities?
4. Are you satisfied with the washroom facilities?
A2
5. Do you find your job secure?
6. Is the medical facility provided by the company
adequate?
7. Are you satisfied by the safety measure?
8. Are you satisfied by the work environment?
A3
9. Do your co-worker share a friendly relation with you
at work?
10. Do you enjoy working with your teammates/co-
worker?
11. Does management care about employees on both
professional and personal level?
A4
12. Do you find your co-workers hardworking and
efficient?
13. Are you being recognized for the work you do?
14. Do you get appreciated for the work you do?
15. Does your boss supervisor maintain a healthy and
regular communication with you?
A5
16. Are you enjoying the work you do?
17. Do you feel that your work is important?
18. Do you find your job challenging?
19. Are you satisfied with the promotion policies?
20. Do you get enough growth opportunity at work?
21. Suggestions if any, on what you want the
management to do to make you feel motivated.