Question 3

Proximity is the principle that people group things based on how close together they are. This is
demonstrated by Captain Crunch Berry noticing how the students were sitting together by grade
level. Had the students not been close to each other, and looked randomized, the captain may
not have seen the connection between the colors and the class. Captain Crunch Berrys
observation is also made through similarity, the principle that people group things based on how
similar they look. The similar colors help Crunch Berry see that the students are by class.

Captain Crunch Berrys experience is also contributed to closure, the principle that people to
complete things that are not entirely completed. Berry may not have heard all the letters the
cheerleaders were cheering because of the other auditory stimuli, but he can infer that they
completed the entire school name through closure. Because there is so much auditory stimuli,
selective attention is in effect. Selective attention is when people focus on specific things and
zone out all other stimuli. Berry can only figure out the different noises by focusing on them
separately.

Question 4
People from the tri-state area are more conditioned to seeing angles, like buildings, corner of
roads, train tracks. This causes tri-state people to rely on top - down processing where they use
prior knowledge to observe objects. In this case, the Muller Lyer Illusion makes them perceive
the line as different lengths because they are used to seeing angles in perspective. However,
indigenous people from a tribe in the Amazon would not be as familiar with angles in
perspective, as they live in a more organic environment. They would perceive the lines using
bottom - up perception and see the lines separate from the arrows. This would cause them to
see the lines as the same length.

Question 5
A girl in high school is rushing to finish her test. She hands her test in only a minute before the
class ends. After class she compares answers with her other high school friends.

A grandma is baking cookies for herself. She bakes 50 and ends up eating 20 and has zero
regrets. The rest she gives to her grandchildren.