ANSWER AND MARKING SCHEME TO MSTS (SEPTEMBER 2016)

1. a. How molar and specific conductance of acetic acid varies with dilution? Explain.

Answer: Governed by using Debye-Huckel-Onsagar equation. c = o A (C) Marks 5

Weak electrolytes: CH3COOH, NH4OH, etc.

On dilution the degree of dissociation increases

Effect of dilution on molar cond.

Dilution increases the degree of dissociation of the electrolyte. Hence, increase in Molar
conductance.

Effect of dilution on specific cond.

The number of ions per unit volume (per cc) actually decreases.

Hence, the specific conductance decreases (conductance of 1cc cube a electrolyte solution)
although with molar conductance increases on progressive dilution.

b. Arrange the following ions in the decreasing order of ionic mobility in aqueous solution. Give
appropriate explanation. Na + , Li + and K + Marks 5

Li+ being smallest ion should have the highest speed

However, bare Li+ ion has high charge density because of its small size and therefore it attracts a
large number of water dipoles

Thus degree of hydration is maximum in case of Li+ and minimum in the case of K+ ,
consequently, highly hydrated Li+ in solution is bigger in size than the hydrated Na+ and hydrated
K +.
 Thus speed of K+ is maximum followed Na+ and Li+ and same trend is followed in transport
number as t u

c. Explain the nature of the curve during conductometric titrations of

(i) strong acid (in titration flask) with weak base (in burette) Marks 2.5

Titration curves for strong acid v weak base e. g.

For e. g. Let us consider the titration between HCl and

NH4OH

In the beginning of titration, conductance decreases shrply

due to removal of highly mobile H+ ions from solution and
their replacement by slow moving NH4+ ions. After the end
point, the conductance increases slowly due to introduction of
feebly ionizable NH4OH.

(ii) Weak acid (in titration flask) with strong base (in burette) Marks 2.5

Ans.

If a weak acid (such as acetic acid) is titrated

against a strong alkali (such as NaOH), the
conductance of acid will be low on account of
poor dissociation. On adding alkali, initially
conductivity will decrease due to common ion
effect, followed by increase due to the
Conductance

formation of highly ionized sodium acetate

CH3COOH (aq) + [Na+ (aq) + OH-

Na+ (aq) + CH3COO- (aq) + H2O (l) X
When the acid is completely neutralized,
further addition of alkali introduces excess of
fast moving OH ions
End
point
Volume of NaOH
added
 2. a. Draw well labelled diagrams of total consumption burner and laminar/premix
burner. Differentiate between these two types of burners. Marks 3.0

Base of
the

H2 (fuel)
O2 (oxidant)
Sample inlet
Differences Marks 2.0

Flame is noisy and turbulent but can be Flame is non-turbulent, noiseless and stable.

adjusted to produce high temperature by
Sample, fuel and oxidant are thoroughly
controlling fuel to oxidant ratio.
Sample, fuel and oxidant are mixed after mixed before reaching the burner opening
reaching the burner opening and then enters and then enters in the flame.
in the flame.
b. Write the sequence of events that occurs in the flame in case of Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotometry (AAS). Marks 5

As soon as liquid sample is drawn in the flame, oxygen aspirates the sample solution the
following processes takes place in flame 1. Desolvation 2. Vapourisation 3. Atomization

c. (i) Potassium atom in flame absorbs at wavelength of 600 nm. What is the energy
difference between the ground state and excited state?

Ans: 3.3 x 10-19 Joule Marks 2.5

(ii) Discuss the role of chopper in AAS. Marks 2.5

Job of the chopper

Breaks steady light coming from the HCL into intermittant light
It gives a pulsating current to photodetector.
Absorption is measured without any interference
3. a. Define spectroscopy. What do you understand by max? 5
Spectroscopy: Study of changes in the properties of light with it interacts with the matter is
called spectroscopy.
max : In UV-Vis spectroscopy, the wavelength of light at which maximum absorption takes place
is called max .
b. Answer the following. 5
(i) Specify the range of UV radiations and Visible radiations in nm.
UV radiations : 200-400 nm
Visible radiations : 400-800 nm
(ii) What does HOMO and LUMO stand for in UV-Visible spectroscopy? Which one of these
is having higher energy?
HOMO : Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital
LUMO : Lowest Occupied Molecular Orbital

LUMO is having higher energy.

(iii) Arrange following molecular orbitals in order of increasing energy.
n, *, , , *
Molecular orbitals in order of increasing energy ( lowest to highest)
, , n, *, *
c. Write all possible transitions for the following molecules 5
(i) 1,3-Butadiene (ii) Acetone (iii) Benzene

1,3-Butadiene : (i) to *, (ii) to *, (iii) to *, (iv) to *

Acetone : (i) to *, (ii) to *, (iii) to *, (iv) to * (v) n to *
(vi) n to *
Benzene : (i) to *, (ii) to *, (iii) to *, (iv) to *