1

5.2

1.
1500 .
8% 5%
. .

8
1500 = 120
100
1620 .
5
1620 = 81
100
1500 81 = 1419

2.
2010 1200 . 2011
25% 2012 20% 2011.
) 2012.
)
45% ;

)
25
1200 =300 .
100
2011 1200 300 = 900
20
900 =180
100
2012 900 180 = 720
)
300 + 180 = 480
45%
45
1200 =540 .
100

45%
 2

3.
15% .
)
)

, = 4
= 2.
15
15% , + = + 0,15 =
100
= (1 + 0,15) =
= 1,15.
)
= 4(1,15) = 4,6
4,6 4 = 0,6 .
0,6

4
0,6 15
= 0,15 = = 15 % .
4 100
15%
)
= (1,15)2 = 1,32252
2
1,32252 = 0,32252
0,3225 2
.
2
0,3225 2 32,25
2
= 0,3225 = = 32,25%
100
32,25%

4.
15%
15% .
;

x
15
, x + x = x + 0,15x = 1,15x
100
,
15
1,15x 1,15x = 1,15x 0,151,15x
100
= 1,15x 0,1725x
= 0,9775x
0,9775x < x,
.
 3

5.
8 1200
8% .
.

x .
8
x
100
8 ,
8 8 8
, x.
12 12 100
8 8
x = 1200
12 100
64
x = 1200
1200
64
x = 1200 : =
1200
1200
= 1200 = 22500
64
45000
8
45000 = 3600
100

6.
300
12% , 80
8%. -
.

12
300 300 = 300 36 = 264
100

80 , 300 80 = 220
8
220 = 17,6
100
80 + 220 + 17,6 = 317,6
 4

7.
15% , 8%
. 4620 kg .
)
)

100 ( 15 + 8) = 100 23 = 77%
)
x ,
77 77 100
x = 4620 x = 4620 : = 4620 = 6000 kg
100 100 77
)
8
6000 = 480kg
100

8.
120 kg 96. 75%
18%, 70 .
.

96 : 120 = 0,8 = 80
75
75% 120 = 90 kg .
100
90 0,8 = 72 .
18
18% , 72 = 12,96 .
100
120 90 = 30 70 ,
10 .
30 10= 300 = 3
12,96 3 = 9, 96

9.
80 0,90 . ,
, 20% .
14% .

80 80 0,90 = 72
20
80 = 16 kg
100
80 16 = 64 kg
, 14% 72
14
72 =10,08
100
64
, 72 + 10,08 =
= 82,08
 5

82,08 : 64 = 1,2825

10.
, 23%, 7380 .
.

x ,
23
x = 0,23x .
100
x + 0,23x = 7380
1,23x = 7380
x = 7380 : 1,23 = 6000
6000
7380 6000 = 1380

11.
42,5 380
49,3 402,8 .

49,3 42,5 = 6,8
6,8
.
42,5
6,8 16
= 0,16 = = 16%
42,5 100
16%

x
x% = ,
100
x
380 = 3,8x. 402,8 380 + 3,8x
100
380 + 3,8x = 402,8
3,8x = 402,8 380
3,8x = 22,8
x = 22,8 : 3,8 = 6
6%
 6

12.
laptop 230 12% .
23% , laptop .

12
230 = 27,6 .
100
230 27,6 = 202,4 .
23
202,4 = 46,552
100
laptop 202,4 + 46,552 = 248, 952

13.
160 . 25%

2% .
)
)
)

)
25
160 = 40 .
100
160 40 = 120
120 : 4 = 30
)
2
1 30 = 0,6
100
1 30 + 0, 6 = 30,6
2 , , 20,6 = 1,2
30 + 1,2 = 31,2 .
3 30 + 30,6 = 31,8
4 30 + 40,6 = 32,4
)
40 + 30,6 + 31,2 + 31,8 + 32,4 = 166
 7

14.
260 .
25% 20%.
59 . .

25% x ,
260 x
25
x = 0,25x
100
20
(260 x) = 0,2(260 x) = 52 0,2x
100
59 , 0,25x + 52 0,2x = 59
0,05x + 52 = 59
0,05x = 59 52
0,05x = 7
x = 7 : 0,05 = 140
140 260 140 = 120

15.
5000. 2%
1,6 % 92 .
2% 1,6%

x 2%
5000 x 1,6 %
2
x = 0,02x
100
1,6
(5000 x) = 0,016(5000 x) =
100
= 80 0,016x
0,02x + 80 0,016x = 92
0,004x + 80 = 92
0,004x = 92 80
0,004x = 12
x = 12 : 0,004 =3000
2% 3000 1,6% 2000