Design and Modeling of Fluid Power Systems

ME 597/ABE 591 - Lecture 15

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova

MAHA Professor Fluid Power Systems

MAHA Fluid Power Research Center

Purdue University
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Hydrostatic transmissions

- Hydrostatic transmission basic principle

- Hydrostatic transmission circuit solutions with additional functions

- Advanced transmission concepts

- Power Split drive technology

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 2
2 Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Hydrostatic transmission
Basic Circuit Design

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 3
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Hydrostatic transmission
Two variable units controlled in sequence

M torque P power V displacement

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 4
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Hydrostatic transmission
Two variable units simultaneously controlled

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 5
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Hydrostatic transmission

Pump control manually, with mechanical feedback

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 6
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Hydrostatic transmission

Pressure limiter

Engine

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 7
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Hydrostatic transmission
Automotive control

Engine

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 8
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Hydrostatic transmission

With electrohydraulic controlled displacement units

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 9
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Example Wheel loader

Lifting/Tilting
Steering

17.4:1

1:1 or 1.4:1

17.4:1
Design and Modeling of Fluid Power
Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 10
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Wheel loader Transmission Design
Example

Design the hydrostatic transmission for a given wheel loader and calculate
the traction force- speed characteristic for the entire speed range.
The following parameters and requirements are given:

Engine speed: 2200 rpm

Engine power: 90 kW
Vehicle mass: 10 t
Bucket volume: 1 m3
Density soil: 2kg/dm3
Dynamic roll radius: 0.617 m
Coefficient of rolling resistance (soil): 0.08
Coefficient of rolling resistance (asphalt): 0.015

Max vehicle speed (on road): 40 km/h

Max traction force: 25 kN

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 11
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
 Max. Displacement Volume

Max. Speed

Max. Pressure (contin.)

Max. Pressure

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova

Theoretical flow rate
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping

@1000 rpm
Axial piston machines

Power @ 100 bar, 1000 rpm

Selected pump and motor sizes

Displacement charge pump

12
Mass variable pump

Torque @ 350 bar

Fixed displ. motor
Mass fixed displ motor

Displacement Volume =7

Max. Speed @ =7
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591

Mass variable motor

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Trends & New Requirements

High traction force & high max. speed

Continuously variable transmission (CVT)
Reduction of fuel consumption
Cost effective
25 mph and more
FZ
100,0 kN and more

ve vmax v
Design and Modeling of Fluid Power
Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 13
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Transmissions - today
Power Shift Gearbox with hydro
dynamic torque converter
state of the art solution
complex, multi-stage gear system
high number of clutches
low starting efficiency K1

interrupted power flow

K2

C/E

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 14
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
Multiple
SICFP05, JuneMotor
1-3, 2005, Concept
Linkping

Zero-adjustable
Hydraulic Motor

F,

VM

unlock
I II III
Pump v
Design and Modeling of Fluid Power
Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 15
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
Power Split
SICFP05, June Drive
1-3, 2005, Linkping

Basic structure
Ring wheel

Satellite carrier

Sun wheel

additive mode recirculating mode

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 16
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
Planetary Gear
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping

Three wheel planetary gear train

Willis equation:

When satellite
carrier B is block
nB = 0

Negative planetary gear, the standing gear ratio i0AC is negative

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power
Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 17
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping
Planetary Gear
negative standing gear ratio i0AC
Speed of individual wheels:

Directions of rotation of sun wheel A and ring wheel C are different,

when the satellite carrier B is blocked!
Design and Modeling of Fluid Power
Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 18
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
 Power Split Drive
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping

Output coupled System

Fendt, Germany, developed a transmission system for agricultural tractors,

which is in series production since 1996

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 19
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
Power Split Drive
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping

Input coupled System

Sundstrand Corporation - Responder transmission

New development by John Deere

Design and Modeling of Fluid Power

Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 20
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
PSDD
SICFP05,toolbox for
June 1-3, 2005, Simulink
Linkping

Best Efficiency ?
POLYMOD allows Precise Loss Models

21 VI
nI nII
I II
MI MII
PIN nIN nC nA VII nOUT POUT
MIN MC MA MOUT

POLYMOD Model Losses MS

Loss Behaviour
Losses MS
Pump & Motor
QS = f(Vi, n, p) = const.
MS = f(Vi, n, p) = const.
Design and Modeling of Fluid Power
Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 21
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591
Power Split Drive
SICFP05, June 1-3, 2005, Linkping

System Example

Development by Claas
Design and Modeling of Fluid Power
Dr. Monika Ivantysynova 22
Systems, ME 597/ABE 591