TheseacucumberHolothuriaarguinensis,as

newpotentialspeciesforaquacultureinEurope

JorgeAntonioDomnguezGodino
MercedesGonzlezWangemert
CentrodeCinciasdoMar(CCMAR),UniversidadedoAlgarve
1.Introduction

2.Settingbiometricbaselines

3.Geneticdiversityacrossgeographicalscales

4.Nutritionalprofile

5.Newseacucumberspeciesforaquaculture

6.Conclusions

7.Perspective
 SeacucumbersConsumptionandDemand

Sea cucumbers have been used in Chinese

traditional cuisine since centuries. Nowadays
theyarealuxuryfood.

Used in traditional Chinese medicine:

antimicrobial, antioxidant, and
anticancerproperties

Others

SouthCorea

China
Sea cucumbers imported to
Singapore Hong Kong and countries with
EEUU
HongKong
largeAsiaticcommunity
Tons USDmillions
SeacucumberDemand:Exploitation
SeacucumberDemand:Aquaculture

Apostichopusjaponicus Parastichopuscalifornicus

9millions Nodata

Holothuriascabra Isostichopusfuscus

6millions 300.000
Seacucumbers'FisheriesinEurope
Holothuriatubulosa
TraditionalUses:
Baitinlonglinefisheries,
Greece

Parastichopusregalis
Locallyconsumed:
Catalonia(NESpain),
prices55130

Cucumariafrondosa

Valuationofbycatchand
attempttodevelopits
Holothuriaforskali
fishery
Seacucumbers'FisheriesinEurope
Holothuriatubulosa,Holothuriasanctori,Holothuriapolii,Holothuria
mammata,HoltohuriaforskaliandParastichopusregalis

Seacucumbers'AquacultureinEurope

DevelopmentofhatcherytechniquesofH.
forskalianditsbycatchvaluation(2012)
Galicia(Spain)

Developmentofhatchery
techniquesofH.forskaliand
ITMAassessment(2013)
Ireland+Germany

Developmentofhatchery
techniquesofH.forskali(2015)
Concarneau(France)

ReproductivebiologyofH.forskali(2013)
Peniche(Portugal)
 Seacucumber:thenewresourceforahungryfishery
(CUMFISHProject;PTDC/MAR/119363/2010)
(http://cumfish.ccmar.ualg.pt//index.html)
Coordinatedby: Fundedby:

Dr.MercedesGonzlezWangemert

Aims:

Increasebiological,geneticandtaxonomicknowledges

Quantifythecapturesandidentifythestocks

Assessthefishingeffectsonthepopulations

Suggestmanagementmeasuresforthesustainabilityoffisheries
CUMFISHProductivity:

11PAPERSINISIJOURNALS

3PhDTHESISONGOING

2FINALPROJECTSOFBIOLOGYDEGREE

7MSCTHESIS

4MSCTHESISONGOING

9MSCSTUDENTSDOINGSTAYS

3ERASMUSSTUDENTS

22COMMUNICATIONSTOCONGRESS

1WORKSHOP

1WEBPAGE(>4000VISITS)

150VOLUNTEERS
CUMFISHProductivity:

11PAPERSINISIJOURNALS

3PhDTHESISONGOING Holothuriaarguinensis
2FINALPROJECTSOFBIOLOGYDEGREE

7MSCTHESIS

3MSCTHESISONGOING

9MSCSTUDENTSDOINGSTAYS

3ERASMUSSTUDENTS Development of
hatchery techniques
22COMMUNICATIONSTOCONGRESS

1WORKSHOP
Use in Integrate Multitrophic
Aquaculture (IMTA)
1WEBPAGE(>4000VISITS)

150VOLUNTEERS
 Settingbiometricbaselinesfornewtargetseacucumbers
speciesoftheNEAtlanticandMediterraneanfisheries
GonzlezWangemertM.,HenriquesF.,ValenteS.,DomnguezGodinoJ.A.,SerroE.A.
FisheriesResearch,inreview

Aim:
Increasebiometricknowledge

Measurements:
Guttedlength
Guttedweight

TargetSpecies:
Holothuria arguinensis (n = 190) Holothuria mammata (n = 298)

Holothuria polii (n = 312) Holothuria tubulosa (n = 282)

 SettingbiometricbaselinesfornewtargetseacucumbersspeciesoftheNEAtlantic
andMediterraneanfisheries
GonzlezWangemertM.,HenriquesF.,ValenteS.,DomnguezGodinoJ.A.,SerroE.A.
Fisheriesbiology,inreview

a)Guttedlength: b)Guttedweight:

a a a a

b
b d

c
 SettingbiometricbaselinesfornewtargetseacucumbersspeciesoftheNEAtlantic
andMediterraneanfisheries
GonzlezWangemertM.,HenriquesF.,ValenteS.,DomnguezGodinoJ.A.,SerroE.A.
Fisheriesbiology,inreview

AssessmentofCommercialSize(1324cm)

Guttedweight:

a
d
b
c
Geneticdiversityacrossgeographicalscalesinmarinecoastal
ecosystems:Holothuriaarguinensisamodelspecies
RodriguesF.,ValenteS.,GonzlezWanguemertM.
JournalofExperimentalMarineBiologyandEcology,463:158167,2014

Aims:

Geneticdiversityandstructure

RiaFormosavsMarinelocalities

Sampling:

9sites

40individuals/location

COIand16srRNA
Geneticdiversityacrossgeographicalscalesinmarinecoastalecosystems:
Holothuriaarguinensisamodelspecies
RodriguesF.,ValenteS.,GonzlezWanguemertM.
JournalofExperimentalMarineBiologyandEcology,463:158167,2014

Highhaplotypediversitiyandlow
nucleotidediverstiy(COI>16S)
 Geneticdiversityacrossgeographicalscalesinmarinecoastalecosystems:
Holothuriaarguinensisamodelspecies
RodriguesF.,ValenteS.,GonzlezWanguemertM.
JournalofExperimentalMarineBiologyandEcology,463:158167,2014

Totalnumberhaplotypes,
RiaFormosa>Marine
RiaFormosa>Marinesites exclusiveshaplotypes
andpolymorphicsites

Nogeneticdifferentiationbetweenlocations
 Firstreportonthenutritionalprofileandantioxidantpotential
Holothuriaarguinensis,anewresourceforaquacultureinEurope
RoggatzCC,GonzlezWangemertM.,PereiraH,RodriguesMJ,daSilvaM,BarreiroL,VarelaJ,CustodioL.
NaturalProductResearchJournal,2015

Samplecollection&preparation

Deteminationof:
Proximatecomposition:Moisture,ash,protein&lipid
Aminoacids
Fattyacids
Minerals
Totalphenolicandantioxidantproperties

 FirstreportonthenutritionalprofileandantioxidantpotentialHolothuriaarguinensis,
anewresourceforaquacultureinEurope
RoggatzCC,GonzlezWangemertM.,PereiraH,RodriguesMJ,daSilvaM,BarreiroL,VarelaJ,CustodioL.
NaturalProductResearchJournal,2015

Holothuria mammata

Highmoisturecontent(86.0%) Higher Holothuria polii

Highashlevel(7.04%)

Lowfatlevels(0.23%) Lower
Holothuria tubulosa

Highproteincontent(7.41%) Similar

Nocarbohydrates
FirstreportonthenutritionalprofileandantioxidantpotentialHolothuriaarguinensis,
anewresourceforaquacultureinEurope
RoggatzCC,GonzlezWangemertM.,PereiraH,RodriguesMJ,daSilvaM,BarreiroL,VarelaJ,CustodioL.
NaturalProductResearchJournal,2015

Richonaminoacids:
Alanine(12.7%)
Glycine(10.9%)
Proline(9.2%)

Lowlysine/arginineratio

L
o
w
e
r

Commercial sea cucumbers Shrimp Fish

 FirstreportonthenutritionalprofileandantioxidantpotentialHolothuriaarguinensis,
anewresourceforaquacultureinEurope
RoggatzCC,GonzlezWangemertM.,PereiraH,RodriguesMJ,daSilvaM,BarreiroL,VarelaJ,CustodioL.
NaturalProductResearchJournal,2015

HighcontentofCa,Fe,ZnandMg Higher Pollock

Nopotentiallytoxicelements

HighproportionofPUFA similar
Commercial sea cucumbers

HighlevelofPhenoliccompounds

Highlevelofantioxidantactivity
FirstreportonthenutritionalprofileandantioxidantpotentialHolothuriaarguinensis,
anewresourceforaquacultureinEurope
RoggatzCC,GonzlezWangemertM.,PereiraH,RodriguesMJ,daSilvaM,BarreiroL,VarelaJ,CustodioL.
NaturalProductResearchJournal,2015

Adequatenutritionalprofileforhumanconsumption

Aminoacids:hyperlipidemiadisorders

PUFA:woundhealingandantiinflamatory

Antioxidantcompounds
 Anewspeciesforseacucumberranchingandaquaculture:
BreedingandrearingofHolothuriaarguinensis
DomnguezGodinoJ.A.,SlaterM.J.,HannonC.,GonzlezWangermertM.
Aquaculture,438:122128,2015

BroodstockfromRiaFormosa

SpawningInduction:Thermal
shock

Prespawningbehaviour

Inducedspawning

Eggscollection
 Anewspeciesforseacucumberranchingandaquaculture:Breedingandrearingof
Holothuriaarguinensis
DomnguezGodinoJ.A.,SlaterM.J.,HannonC.,GonzlezWangermertM.
Aquaculture,438:122128,2015

EmbryonicandLarvalDevelopment

Pelagicstage

Embryonicdevelompent:2days
Auricularialarvae:8days

Benthicstage

Doliolaria:2days Pentactula:4days
Juveniles
Conclusion

For commecial sizes, it has the higher mean weight,

thereforehigherprofitability

Holothuriaarguinensisshowhighgeneticdiversity,being
RiaFormosathemostgeneticallydiversearea

Holothuria arguinensis has a adequated nutritional

profileforhumanconsumption

Hatcherytechniqueshasbeingimproved
Perspective
HOLREMARProject(20152018):fundedbySayanesMarS.L.

Aim:Develop,improveandestablishthehatcherytechniques
forHolothuriaarguinensiswithcommercialpurpose

Reproductive Season 2015:

7.5 millions egg produced
and2.5millionseggreared
Perspective
CUMARSURProject,PTDC/MARBIO/5948/2014,(2016
2019):fundedbyFundaoparaaCinciaeaTecnologia

Aim:
Determinenewseacucumbertargetspeciesfor
aquaculturepurposeanddeveloptheirhatcherytechniques

AssesstheuseofseacucumbersinIMTAsystems
Thanks!!!!
 Thanksforyouattention!!!!

JorgeDomnguezGodino Dr.MercedesWangemert
PhDstudent PrincipalInvestigator
jorge.adg86@gmail.com mwanguemert@ualg.pt

http://www.maresma.org