ASSIGNMENT

CH-DETERMINANTS

1 2 3

Q1. For what value of x the matrix A = 1 2 1 is singular?
x 2 3
(ANS: x = 1 )
Q2. Determine the values of x for which the matrix
x+ 1 3 4

A= 5 x+ 2
1
2 is singular. (ANS: x = 0, 3
2
( )
205 )
4 1 x 6
Q3. If [ ] notes the greatest integer less than or equal to the real number
under consideration, and 1 x < 0, 0 y < 1, 1 z < 2 , then find the value
of the determinant
[ x] + 1 [ y ] [ z]
[ x] [ y ] + 1 [ z ]
[ x] [ y] [ z] + 1
(ANS: 1)
1 3
Q4. If A = , find the determinant of the matrix A 2 A . (ANS: 25)
2

2 1
Q5. Find the minors and cofactors of elements of the matrix
1 3 2
A = 4 5 6
3 5 2
M 11 = 40, M 12 = 10, M 13 = 35
(ANS: M 21 = 16, M 22 = 8, M 23 = 4 )
M 31 = 8, M 32 = 14, M 33 = 17
x sin cos
Q6. Prove that the determinant sin x 1 is independent of .
cos 1 x
3 y 3 2
Q7. Let = . Find possible values of x and y if x, y are natural
x 1 4 1
numbers.
(ANS: ( 1, 2 ) ; ( 2, 4 ) ; ( 4, 2 ) ; ( 8,1) )
 cos15o sin15o
Q8. Evaluate .
sin 75o cos 75o

Q9. Without expanding evaluate the following determinants.

41 1 5 1 a b+ c b c c a a b
(i) 79 7 9 (ii) 1 b c + a (iii) c a a b b c
29 5 3 1 c a+ b a b b c c a
1 bc a ( b + c ) x+ y y+ z z+ x b2 c2 bc b + c
(iv) 1 ca b ( c + a ) (v) z x y (vi) c 2 a 2 ca c + a
1 ab c ( a + b ) 1 1 1 a 2 b2 ab a + b

(a + a x ) (a a x )
x 2 x 2
1
sin cos sin ( + )
sin ( + ) (viii) ( a ) (a a y )
2 2
(vii) sin cos y
+ a y y
1
sin cos sin ( + )
(a ) (a a z )
2 2
z
+ a z z
1

265 240 219 1 a a 2 bc

(ix) 240 225 198 (x) 1 b b ac = 0
2

219 198 181 1 c c 2 ab

Q10. Prove the following:
1 a a2
(i) 1 b b = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a )
2

1 c c2
1 a a3
(ii) 1 b b = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a ) ( a + b + c )
3

1 c c3
x y z
(iii) x
2
y2 z 2 = xyz ( x y ) ( y z ) ( z x )
x3 y3 z3

(iv)
2
2 2 = ( )( ) ( ) ( + + )
+ + +
a b c 1 1 1
(v) a b c = a
2 2 2 2
b2 c 2 = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a ) ( ab + bc + ca )
bc ca ab a 3 b3 c3
 a2 ab ac
(vi) ba b2 bc = 4a 2 .b 2 .c 2
ac bc c2

( b + c)
2
a2 a2
( c + a) = 2abc ( a + b + c )
2 3
(vii) b2 b2
( a + b)
2
c2 c2
b2 + c 2 ab ac
(viii) ba c + a2
2
bc = 4a 2 b 2 c 2
ca cb a 2 + b2
x+ y x x
(ix) 5 x + 4 y 4 x 2 x = x
3

10 x + 8 y 8 x 3 x
a b ax + by
(x) b c bx + cy = ( b 2 ac ) ( ax 2 + 2bxy + cy 2 )
ax + by bx + cy 0
a b c c+ b
(xi) a + c b c a = ( a + b + c ) ( a + b + c )
2 2 2

a b b+ a c
3a a+ b a+ c
(xii) b + a 3b b + c = 3 ( a + b + c ) ( ab + bc + ca )
c+ a c+ b 3c
a + b + 2c a b
= 2( a + b + c)
3
(xiii) c b + c + 2a b
c a c + a + 2b
a b c 2a 2a
= ( a + b + c)
3
(xiv) 2b b c a 2b
2c 2c c a b
a+ b+ c c b
(xv) c a+ b+ c a = 2 ( a + b) ( b + c) ( c + a)
b a a+ b+ c
a b c
(xvi) a b b c c a = a + b + c 3abc
3 3 3

b+ c c+ a a+ b
 1 a 2 + bc a 3
(xvii) 1 b + ca b = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a ) ( a + b + c )
2 3 2 2 2

1 c 2 + ab c 3
a2 ( b c )
2
a2 bc
(xviii) b b ( c a ) ca = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a ) ( a + b + c ) ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 )
2 2 2

c2 ( a b )
2
c2 ab

( b + c)
2
a2 bc
(xix) ( c + a ) ca = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a ) ( a + b + c ) ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 )
2
b2
( a + b)
2
c2 ab

a ( b2 + c 2 a 2 ) 2b3 2c 3
b ( c2 + a 2 b2 ) = abc ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 )
3
(xx) 2a 3 2c 3
2a 3 2b3 c ( a 2 + b2 c2 )
( a + 1) ( a + 2 ) a+ 2 1
(xxi) ( a + 2 ) ( a + 3) a+ 3 1 = 2
( a + 3) ( a + 4 ) a+ 4 1
a 2 2ab b 2
a 2 2ab = ( a 3 + b3 )
2 2
(xxii) b
2ab b 2 a2
a b c c b
(xxiii) a c b c a = ( a + b c ) ( b + c a ) ( c + a b )
a b b a c
a2 + b2
c c
c
b2 + c2
(xxiv) a a = 4abc
a
c2 + a2
b b
b
Q11. If a,b,c are in A.P. then show that
x+ 1 x+ 2 x+ a x 3 x 4 x
(i) x + 2 x + 3 x + b = 0 (ii) x 2 x 3 x = 0
x+ 3 x+ 4 x+ c x 1 x 2 x
Q12. Solve the following:
a+ x a x a x x 2 2 x 3 3x 4
(i) a x a + x a x = 0 (ii) x 4 2 x 9 3x 16 = 0
a x a x a+ x x 8 2 x 27 3 x 64
15 2 x 11 3x 7 x 1 x x2
(iii) 11 17 14 = 0 (iv) 1 a a = 0, a b
2

10 16 13 1 b b2
x+ 1 3 5
(v) 2 x + 2 5 = 0
2 3 x+ 4
Q13. If a, b, c are all positive and are pth, qth,rth terms of a G.P., then
show that:
log a p 1
= log b q 1= 0
log c r 1
Q14. If a, b, c are positive and unequal, show that the value of the
a b c
determinant b c a is always negative.
c a b
Q15. Show that the points ( a, b + c ) , ( b, c + a ) and ( c, a + b ) are collinear.
Q16. If the points ( a, 0 ) , ( 0, b ) and ( 1,1) are collinear, prove that a + b = ab .
cos sin 0
0 , find adjA and verify that
Q18. If A = sin cos
0 0 1
A ( adjA ) = ( adjA) A = A I 3
1 3 3

Q19. Find the inverse of A = 1 4 3 and verify that A 1 A = I 3 .
1 3 4
1 tan x T 1 cos 2 x sin 2 x
Q20. If A = , show that A A = .
tan x 1 sin 2 x cos 2 x
3 2 6 7
, verify that ( AB ) = B 1 A 1 .
1
Q21. If A = and B =
7 5 8 9
 2 3
Q22. Show that A = satisfies the equation x 2 6 x + 17 = 0 . Hence
3 4
1 4 3
1
find A 1 . ANS : A =
17 3 2
3 1
Q23. For the matrix A = , find x and y so that A2 + xI = yA . Hence,
7 5
5 1
8 8
find A 1 . ANS : x = 8 and y=8 ,A =
1

7 3
8 8
1 2 2

Q24. Show that the matrix A = 2 1 2 satisfies the equation
2 2 1
3 2 2
1
A2 4 A 5 I 3 = O and hence find A 1 . (ANS: A = 2 3 2 )
1

5
2 2 3
Q25. Find the matrix A satisfying the matrix equation
2 1 3 2 1 0
3 2 A 5 3 = 0 1

1 1
ANS : A = 1 0

a b
Q26. Find the inverse of the matrix A = 1 + bc and show that

c
a
aA = ( a + bc + 1) I aA.
1 2

4 5
, then show that A 3I = 2 ( I + 3 A )
1
Q27. If A =
2 1
5 0 4 1 3 3
2 3 2 , B = 1 4 3 . Compute ( AB ) .
1 1
Q28. Given A =
1 2 1 1 3 4
2 19 27

ANS : 2 18 25 .
3 29 42

 cos sin 0 cos 0 sin

Q29. Let F ( ) = sin cos 0 and G ( ) = 0
1 0 then show
0 0 1 sin 0 cos
that
1 1
(i) F ( ) = F ( ) (ii) G ( ) = G ( )
1
(iii) F ( ) G ( ) = G ( ) F ( )
Q30. Show that:
1
1 tan 2 1 tan 2 cos sin
tan 2 =
1 tan 2 1 sin cos

Q31. The sum of three numbers is 6. If we multiply the third number by

2 and add the first number to the result, we get 7. By adding second and
third numbers to three times the first number we get 12. Use matrix
method to find the numbers. (ANS: 3, 1, 2)
Q32. If f ( x ) = ax + bx + c is a quadratic function such that f ( 1) = 8 ,
2

f ( 2 ) = 11 and f ( 3) = 6 , find f ( x ) by using matrices. Also find f ( 0 ) .

Q33. Solve the following systems of equations by using matrices:
2 3 10 4 6 5 6 9 20
(i) x + y + z = 4, x y + z = 1 and x + y z = 2 (ANS: 2, 3, 5)
(ii) 3x + y + z = 2, 2 x 4 y + 3z = 1, 4 x + y 3z = 11 (ANS: -1, 2, 3)
(iii) x 4 y z = 11, 2 x 5 y + 2 z = 39, 3x + 2 y + z = 1 (ANS:-1, -5, 8)
(iv) 6 x + y 3z = 5, x + 3 y 2 z = 5, 2 x + y = 4 z = 8 (ANS: 1,2,1)
(v) x + y = 5, y + z = 3, x + z = 4 ( ANS : x = 3, y = 2, z = 1)
(vi) 2 y 3z = 0, x + 3 y = 4,3x + 4 y = 3( ANS : x = 5, y = 3, z = 2)
2 3 10 4 6 5 6 9 20
(vii) x + y + z = 4, x y + z = 1, x + y z = 2 ( ANS : x = 2, y = 3, z = 5)
(viii) 5 x 7 y + z = 11, 6 x 8 y z = 15, 3x + 2 y 6 z = 7 ( ANS : x = 1, y = 1, z = 1)
1 1 1

Q34. If A = 2 1 3 , find A 1 and hence solve the system of linear
1 1 1
equations x + 2 y + z = 4, x + y + z = 0, x 3 y + z = 2 .
( ANS : x = 9 5, y = 2 5, z = 7 5 )
4 4 4 1 1 1
1 2 2
Q35. Determine the product 7 1 3 and use it to solve
5 3 1 2 1 3
the system of equations:
 x y + z = 4 ,x 2 y 2 z = 9, 2 x + y + 3z = 1
(ANS: x = 3, y = 2 and z = 1 )
Q36. An amount of Rs 5000 is put into three investments at the rate of
interest of 6%, 7% and 8% per annum respectively. The total annual
income is Rs358. If the combined income from the first two investments
is Rs70more than the income from the third, find the amount of each
investment by matrix method. (ANS: 1000,2200,1800).