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TASK 2
Essay topics: The charts below show the proportions of British students at one university in
English who were able to speak other languages in addition to English, in 200 and 2010.

Given are the pie charts illustrating the percentages of British students knowing other
languages apart from English in 2000 and 2010.
Overall, there was an increase in percentage of students who speak only English, while the
percentage decreased significantly in the Spanish speakers group.
To begin with, in 2000, 30% of British students in one university were able to speak only
their mother tongue, followed by students being able to speak Spanish with 20%. There were
similar numbers in the figures of French only and another language with 15 percent.
Similarly, 10% proportions were taken in the German only aspect and the two other
languages aspect.
Despite the high percentage of respondents who were speaking Spanish in 2000, there was a
drop of 10% in 2010, changing the Spanish only figure to be 10%, which was having an
identical number with the German only figure and the French only figure. Conversely, there
are a rise of 15% in the Another language figure and the percentage of trilingual group in
2010.
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Essay topics: Some people claim that not enough of the waste from homes is recycled. They
say that the only way to increase recycling is for governments to make it a legal requirement.
To what extent do you think laws are needed to make people recycle more of their waste?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge
or experience.

It becomes a controversial topic these days about the waste problems and the environment
concerns in many nations. Although many cities have introduced a household garbage
scheme in order to collect the renewable garbage for recycling, most citizens still do not
follow this policy. There is then an idea coming up, which is about a strict regulation in order
to raise recycling responsibility in all citizens. Personally, I strongly believe that laws about
this waste management will improve the effectiveness of recycling programme in any nation.
Factors related to the achievement of recycling scheme need to be considered first. To begin
with, most citizens often complain about the difficulties and inconvenience of household
garbage collection, requiring many waste containers and considerable space in a house.
Consequently, people frequently agree that garbage collection is not practical at all and very
time-consuming, thus they ignore to sort all garbage. Subsequently, the city provides several
garbage bins which are improving the recycling measure to be more convenient. Despite the
encouragement from the city by providing bins, surprisingly the amount of recycling from
residents is still not increase.
On the other hand, the city might need to regulate recycling laws to deal with this problem.
Taken the zero waste policy in San Francisco as an example, the city outlaws heavy fines to
citizens refusing to do recycling and authorities physically check a house randomly, whether
a household actually recycles or not. Eventually, the policy has achieved the goal as no waste
is being sent to landfill sites, whereas waste is either sent through recycling measures or
disposal method.
In conclusion, event though the city assists the methods of recycling to be more easier to all
citizens, individuals still ignore collecting recyclable garbages. Therefore, laws must be
required in this case in order to tackle the waste problem effectively, which is similar to the
project in San Francisco, otherwise the recycling will still never be able to succeed.
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TASK 3

The Graph below shows average carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per person in the United
Kindom, Sweden, Italy and Portugal between 1967 and 2007

The given line graph depicts data on the changes in the amounts of CO2 a person emitted on
average in 4 countries (the United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy and Portugal) between 1967 and
2007.

According to the line graph, in the United Kingdom the CO2 emissions reached a plateau at
about 11 metric tonnes from 1967 until 1977. Subsequently, the figure showed a downward
trend and eventually touched the lowest point at just under 9 metric tonnes in 2007. As
regards Sweden, the figure for average CO2 emissions per person increased between 1967
and 1977, when it peaked at just over 10 metric tonnes. Then it steeply decreased until 1987,
followed by a gradul decline until 2007.

With regard to the remaining countries, they showed different patterns from the
aforementioned ones. In 1967, in Italy the CO2 emissions were just above 4 metric tonnes,
whereas in Portugal the amounts were lower, at roughly 1.2 metric tonnes. The figures for
both countries rose progressively over the following period. From 1997 the amounts of CO2
emitted in Italy levelled off at just below 8 metric tonnes, while the ones emitted in Portugal
still increased slightly, touching the highest point at approximately 5 metric tonnes in 2007.
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Overall, it is clear that the United Kingdom produced the largest amounts of gas throughout
the period in question, as opposed to Portugal, where a person emitted on average the least
amounts of CO2.

Essay topics: Some people say that the only reason for learning a foreign language is in order
to travel to or work in a foreign country. Others say that these are not the only reasons why
someone should learn a foreign language.

Throughout its history, people have learned foreign languages for different reasons; however,
these days, it is believed that individuals learn one or several languages in addition to a native
one in order to only travel abroad or work for a multinational company. In my opinion, it is a
misconception to indicate only the two reasons since there are many purposes in learning
foreign languages.
Nowadays, the number of students who either intended to or already study in overseas
increases significantly every year. Thus, students many of whom are international ones have
to be able to speak a language of a host country, in general English, in order to study at an
university. Moreover, many researchers most of whose first language is not English or
German must learn English to do research or participate in a scientific conference.
On the other hand, it is true that a substantial number of people learn foreign languages to
travel abroad or to work for a foreign organisation since the world became more globalised
than few years ago. Individuals take a foreign language course in order to be employed in a
multinational organisation for better job opportunities. While people who want to visit
overseas countries have to learn a local language of an intended country in order to reduce the
burden of language obstacles. My brother, for instance, enjoyed his visit to Turkey in 2010 as
he had learnt Turkish beforehand, while my friend also could have had an enjoyable trip to
Germany; however, he had some problems with understanding German, thus he decided to
learn foreign languages before visiting certain countries.
In conclusion, it is true that most people learn foreign languages in order to travel or to work;
nonetheless, those are not only reasons for learning a foreign language since individuals have
other reasons such as studying and doing research.
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TASK 4

Essay topics: The table below shows the numbers of visitors to Ashdown Museum during the
year before and the year after it was refurbished. The charts show the result of surveys asking
visitors how satisfied they were with their visit, during the same two periods.

The given table provides information on the number of visitors to Ashdown Museum before
and after renovation. Moreover, the two pie charts depicts data on the level of satisfaction the
visitors had the year before and the year after the museum was refurbished.

Overall, it can be observed that the museum was more successful in terms of the number of
visitors the year after refurbishment, taking into account that the figure rose from 74,000
visitors to 92,000 visitors.

According to the surveys conducted the year before refurbishment, 40% of the people who
visited the museum were dissatisfied, whereas 30% were satisfied. The other figures were
well below the aforementioned ones: the number of very satisfied people was at 15%, the
figure for very dissatisfied by 5 percentage points less and visitors who did not respond
accounted for 5% of the total number of visitors the museum welcomed in the period in
question.

Looking at the second pie chart, it is clear that some figures changed dramatically the year
after renovation. One thing that stands out in the chart is that the number of very satisfied
people increased by 20%. Other prominent features are that the figure for dissatisfied visitors
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steeply declined to 15% and the one for satisfied visitors went up to 40%. The figure for
visitors who did not respond remained stable, while the number of very dissatisfied people
slightly decreased by 5%.

Essay topics: Many governments think that economic progress is their most important goal.
Some people, however, think that other types of progress are equally important for a country.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Some would argue that progress in diverse areas are required for country, while others opine
that more attention need to be focused on countrys economic development. Although
economic growth has much of importance, I strongly believe that a country will be
sustainability developed if it is enhanced in all political and social fields in addition to
economic one.

There are three key reasons why economic growth is seen as a fundamental goal for
countries. Firstly, the more economy grows, the more job opportunities create and the higher
salary is given to citizen. Take North Korea, which its economic development has been
retarded by international sanctions for almost a 20-year period, for example. A large number
of its inhabitants has been suffering from lack of enough vacancies and also experiencing
some difficulties in international trading. Secondly, economic progress ensures the
availability of high amount of financial resources for government so as to be spent on
infrastructure and public services such as transportation, public health, insurance system etc.
Finally, an economically developed country benefits from its wide economic relations with
other countries, resulting in great influential political relations.

On the other hand, it is too narrow as an approach to limit development concept just into
economic progress. From the social science point of view, social welfare and environmental
concerns are two suitable factors can measure how a society is developed. Welfare concept
includes all political, social, economic and cultural conditions. How much a society and a
government respect to the human rights, personal freedoms, social security and democracy
not only are in same importance as economic factors but they also are driving forces behind
any sustainable economic success. Furthermore, a society is developed, to whom
environment protection means everything and therefore all developments have to be
environmentally sustainable.

To recapitulate, economic development of a country seems worthwhile; nonetheless, different

sorts of progress such as political and social are as significant as economic.