ENGLISH LANGUAGE 1

MODERN BUSINESS SCHOOL

Slaana epecanovi
Beograd 2013/2014
 Table of Contents

LESSON 1 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 5
Vocabulary: Money the basics ............................................................................................................................................. 6
Grammar: Present Simple and Continuous ............................................................................................................................ 7
Reading comprehension: A Perfect Day?.............................................................................................................................. 13
Writing: Curriculum vitae(CV) ............................................................................................................................................... 14
LESSON 2 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 15
Vocabulary: Banks the basics ............................................................................................................................................. 16
Grammar: Comparative and superlative of adjectives ......................................................................................................... 17
Reading comprehension: Competition ................................................................................................................................. 19
Writing: Follow-up letter/ Letter of Application ................................................................................................................... 20
LESSON 3 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 23
Vocabulary: On the phone and by e-mail ............................................................................................................................. 24
Grammar: Past Simple and Past Perfect ............................................................................................................................... 25
Reading comprehension: Fujitsu........................................................................................................................................... 29
Writing: an e-mail ................................................................................................................................................................. 30
LESSON 4 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Vocabulary: banking and finance .......................................................................................................................................... 32
Grammar: Countable and Uncountable nouns ..................................................................................................................... 33
Reading comprehension: Why do more businesses choose Dubai? .................................................................................... 35
Writing: Writing a business e-mail ........................................................................................................................................ 36
LESSON 5 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 37
Vocabulary: Corporate Finance ............................................................................................................................................ 38
Grammar: Pronouns.............................................................................................................................................................. 39
Writing: Invitation Letter ...................................................................................................................................................... 43
LESSON 6 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 44
Vocabulary: Mergers and Acquisitions ................................................................................................................................. 45
Grammar: Adverbs ................................................................................................................................................................ 46
Reading: Schedules ............................................................................................................................................................... 48
Writing: Schedule .................................................................................................................................................................. 48
LESSON 7 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 49
Vocabulary and Reading comprehension: Investments ....................................................................................................... 50
Grammar: Articles ................................................................................................................................................................. 52
Writing: Jobs ......................................................................................................................................................................... 53
LESSON 8 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 54
Vocabulary: Balance sheets .................................................................................................................................................. 55
Grammar: Much/Many ......................................................................................................................................................... 57
Reading comprehension: ...................................................................................................................................................... 58
Writing: Cancellation Letter .................................................................................................................................................. 60
LESSON 9 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 61
Vocabulary: Business Communication .................................................................................................................................. 62
Grammar: Future tenses (will+infinitive; be going to) .......................................................................................................... 63
Reading comprehension and writing: Doing Business .......................................................................................................... 66
LESSON 10 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 68
Vocabulary: Numbers and Statistics ..................................................................................................................................... 69
Grammar: Future Tenses (Present Continuous) ................................................................................................................... 71
Reading and writing: Planning a meeting ............................................................................................................................. 73
Writing: Arranging a meeting................................................................................................................................................ 74
LESSON 11 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 75
Vocabulary: Money and work ............................................................................................................................................... 76
Grammar: Zero and 1st conditional ....................................................................................................................................... 77
Reading comprehension: Can you live without it? ............................................................................................................... 79
Writing: A reference letter .................................................................................................................................................... 80
LESSON 12 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 81
Vocabulary: Profit and loss accounts .................................................................................................................................... 82
Grammar: Can, could, couldnt, will, be able to ................................................................................................................... 84
Reading comprehension: Motivation at work ...................................................................................................................... 86
Writing: Letter of Inquiry ...................................................................................................................................................... 87
LESSON 13 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Vocabulary: Currency 1 ........................................................................................................................................................... 2
Reading comprehension: International trade......................................................................................................................... 5
Writing: Welcome letter ......................................................................................................................................................... 6
LESSON 14 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Vocabulary: Currency 2 ........................................................................................................................................................... 8
Grammar: Passive voice .......................................................................................................................................................... 9
Reading comprehension: What is Marketing?...................................................................................................................... 11
Writing: A marketing report.................................................................................................................................................. 12
LESSON 15 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Vocabulary: International payments .................................................................................................................................... 14
Grammar: Participles, Gerund and Infinitives .................................................................................................................... 15
Reading comprehension: Advertising and promotion .......................................................................................................... 17
Writing: Confirmation letter ................................................................................................................................................. 18
LIST OF IRREGULAR VERBS .................................................................................................................................................... 19
Bibliography: ......................................................................................................................................................................... 22
 LESSON 1

Vocabulary: Money
Grammar: Present Simple and Continuous
Reading comprehension: A perfect Day?
Writing: Curriculum Vitae
Vocabulary: Money the basics

A) Put the correct word in each space: account * back * banknotes * borrowed * change * coin * currency *
earn * lent * note * salary * spend * sum * wages * waste * win

1. In the USA, "quarters" (25 cents) and "dimes" (10 cents) are types of _______________.
2. In the United Kingdom, "a tenner" means a ten pound _______________.
3. The US dollar, the Yen and the Euro are types of _______________.
4. Hundred dollar bills and twenty pound notes are _______________.
5. 2,000,000 Swiss francs is a large _______________ of money.
6. I need to _______________ some Euros into Australian dollars.
7. My friend _______________ a hundred pounds from me.
8. I _______________ a hundred pounds to my friend. When she can, she'll pay me _______________
9. I buy a lottery ticket every week, but I never _______________ anything.
10. Most dentists _______________ at least 30,000 a year.
11. __________ are paid to employees weekly. _______________ are paid to employees monthly.
12. In business, you have to _______________ money to make money.
13. A: Do you have a bank _______________?
B: Yes. I bank with the Bank of Scotland.
14. In my opinion, eating in expensive restaurants is a _______________ of money.

B) Match the words on the left with the words on the right
1. a small a. a profit
2. an income b. amount of money
3. donate c. cash
4. high d. cost of living
5. make e. credit card
6. pay by f. losers
7. pay in g. money to charity
8. winners and h. of 25,000 a year

C) Choose the correct word

1. Spain now uses the euro. Pesetas are no longer ____________.
a. good money b. legal money c. legal tender
2. I bought a TV which doesn't work. I'll take it back to the shop to get ___________.
a. my money returned b. a refund c. a repayment
3. In a shop, to get a refund, you usually have to show the ___________.
a. receipt b. recipe c. payment ticket
4. I'm paying for my new car in 36 monthly __________.
a. instalments b. pieces c. parts
5. I earn a lot of money, but I have a lot of _________.
a. payouts b. expenses c. paying
6. Famous paintings are usually sold by __________.
a. bid b. highest price c. auction
7. In an auction, the item is sold to the person who makes the highest __________.
a. bid b. price c. offer
8. In Japan, the US dollar is __________ .
a. foreign money b. strange money c. a foreign currency
9. In Britain, it's not usual to discuss your personal __________
a. money b. finances c. money arrangements
10. You can _________ a house and __________ a car.
a. hire / rent b. hire / hire c. rent / rent or hire
11. Here's the fifty dollars I __________.
a. owe you b. pay you back c. must return
Grammar: Present Simple and Continuous

Complete the table in Simple Present.

Positive Negative Question

They are late.

He does not travel a lot.

Do I smoke?

She is not busy.

He has time.

Write sentences in Simple Present.

1. I / be / fluent in English
2. Judy Garner / work / in purchasing
3. she / be / from Australia
4. our company / supply / technical products
5. we / not / work / on Saturdays
6. they / not / sell / computers
7. Mr Martin / not / speak English
8. what / you / do
9. what languages / he / speak
10. who / know / the address

Exercise on Form with 'be'

Write down the missing sentences.

affirmative negative question

I I am hungry.

you You are Sam.

he He is not here.

she Is she loud?

it It is okay.

Exercise on Present Continuous

Complete the table with the correct forms.

affirmative negative question

I I am working.

you You are jumping.

he He is not dreaming.

she Is she sleeping?

it It is snowing.

we Are we singing?

you You are not fighting.

they Are they reading?

Complete the sentences in Present Continuous.

1. I (look for) my pen.

2. Jane (print out) the contract.
3. As long as I am on holiday, Hannah and John (take care) of everything.
4. Look! Graham (wear) a tie today.
5. That's because he (meet) the big boss in the afternoon.
6. I (work / not) tomorrow.
7. Bob (talk / not) on the phone.
8. What (you / do) ?
9. Where (Mister Bradley / stay) ?
Correct the mistakes in these sentences:

1. At the weekend Im usually go swimming.

2. Are you enjoy the party?

3. We cant play tennis because it rains.

4. Do you can play chess?

5. How many sisters you have?

6. I no understand what youre saying.

7. What you do tonight?

8. What time you get home last night?

9. Last weekend I see some friends and we have a meal.

10. Im loving English food. Its wonderful.

Choose the correct form of the verb.

1. I go / am going to work now. Goodbye!

2. I read / am reading a book about astrology.

3. I read / am reading lots of books every year.

4. We go / are going to a party on Saturday.

5. Nurses look / are looking after people in hospital.

6. Annie comes / is coming from Ireland.

7. She comes / is coming this evening.

8. I speak / am speaking four languages.

9. Do you want / Are you wanting to go out tonight?

Put in the correct tense (present simple and present continuous):

1. Vegetarians are people who do not eat/ are not eating meat.
2. Look out! The car is coming/ comes.
3. Some people still think the sun goes/ is going round the Earth.
4. I play/ am playing tennis every week.
5. Who sits/ is sitting in my chair?
6. What happens/ is happening in golf when you lose the ball?
7. An alcoholic is a person who is drinking/ drinks a lot of alcohol and cant stop.
8. Look! She is wearing/ wears the same shoes as me.
9. What are you looking/ do you look at? A strange bird.
10. I stay/ am staying with john for a few weeks until my flat is ready.
11. We usually stay/ are staying with Peggy when we go to Chicago.
 12. Can you explain why water always runs/ is running down the hill?
13. What do you do/ are you doing with my coat?
14. Nobody gets up/ is getting up early for fun.
15. Not many passenger planes fly/ are flying faster than sound.

Put in the correct tense: present simple or continuous

1. I _______ (think) hes away.

2. You _______ (know) what I ________ (mean).
3. She ____________ (always complain).
4. We __________ (always start) at 9.
5. While the butter _________ (melt), you ________ (take) three eggs and ______ (break them) into
a bowl.
6. I _______ (think) about your sister.
7. Scientists _________(believe) the weather _________ (change).
8. I ________ (not see) what the problem _________ (be).
9. Why you__________ (look) at me like that?
10. Now I ________ (understand) what she ________ (want).

The following verbs are not normally used in the continuous:

know, seem, believe, belong, contain, forget, hat, like, love, matter, need, own, prefer, realise,
remember, suppose, understand, want

Some verbs have progressive forms with one meaning but not with another. The following do not
usually have progressive forms:

Have (= possess); appear (= seem); look (= seem); see (= understand);

think (= have the opinion that); feel (= have the opinion that).
Choose the correct form present simple or continuous:

1. I ___________ (have) a great time.

2. She ____________ (have) plenty of money just now.

3. He ____________ (appear) at the Fortune Theatre next week.

4. He ____________ (appear) to have a problem.

5. Why ____________ (look) at me like that.

6. It __________ (look) as if its going to rain.

7. I __________ (see) what you are trying to say.

8. I __________ (see) the manager tonight afternoon.

9. I __________ (think) you are right.

10. What ___________ (think) about?

11. I __________ (feel) very tired today.

12. I __________ (feel) like shes making a mistake.
Reading comprehension: A Perfect Day?

Before you start:

1. What are your favourite kinds of TV programme? Tell the class. Use the Key Words to
help you: sports programmes, plays, the news, soap operas, documentaries, quizzes,
game shows, children's programmes, films

2. What kind of lifestyle do you think the man in the text has?

3. Read the text and answer these questions.

a) How many hours of TV does Brian watch?
b) List the TV programmes Brian watches.
c) Find two examples of lazy behaviour.
d) What do you think a 'couch potato' is?

Forty-three years Brian Blakey from Birmingham has sat on his couch watching telly
and is now talking about his perfect life.

When I wake up I dont get up immediately. I turn on the television and watch the
childrens programmes and old movies until about half-past ten. Then I get up, go
downstairs and switch on the telly. For lunch, I have biscuits and a glass of milk,
and I watch the news. In the afternoon, I often watch another old film - theyre
showing some good ones at the moment. In the evenings, I often watch soap operas
or sport and the news again. I like the main news at six oclock. At nine thirty, if
there is a good play on BBC2, I switch over and watch it. Then at night I watch more
films and I usually switch off the telly at about two oclock. I never watch the TV all
night. I watch TV for sixteen or seventeen hours a day. I also do some exercise every
day. I take Tina, the dog, for a walk every afternoon. I dont go far, of course. I walk
to the wall outside my house. I always take my portable telly and I sit on the wall
while the dog walks round in a circle. Of course, I couldnt live this lifestyle without
a wife. Shes not here now because shes working, but she always makes my meals.
We havent got much money, you know, but were happy. Sit down, watch the telly -
youve got the world at your feet. And in your hand. Great!

4. Work in pairs. Is your partner a 'couch potato or an active person? Use the Key Words to ask
questions: read, watch TV, play football/tennis; go jogging/cycling/swimming/dancing/walking; go to the
gym/for a walk/out/to a movie
Example: What do you do at weekends? Do you often go swimming?
Writing: Curriculum vitae(CV)

Name and Malcolm Davis Date of birth: 1982

Surname:

Telephone: 020-7654 3210 City: London

Mobile phone: 07890 999999 E-mail: mdavis9999@hotmail.com

EDUCATION:

1989-1993: Epsom and Ewell Secondary School, England

1993-1997: London School of Economics, England
Degree in International Relations

OTHER SKILLS:
- Computer skills: good knowledge of Word and Excel, as well as e-mail and the internet
- Fluent in French and German

EMPLOYMENT:
1999-2011: Cotswold Health Product, Chepstow, Monmouthsire, England, UK
Importers and distributors of natural and health foods. 73

POSITIONS HELD:
- Sales Assistant Advised the main shop's customers about natural and health foods Developed
new business in smaller satellite stores, explaining the benefits of natural food to potential new
customers. Increased sales at both the main and the satellite shops. The extra profits were used to
expand the business by establishing a new shop.
- Administration Assistant, General Affairs Department Examined incoming mail and redirected
this to the appropriate division Translated foreign letters (written in French and German) into
English.
- Customer Clearance Officer, Import Division
- Completed reports (e.g. bills of entry) to facilitate the import of goods from abroad)
- Dealt with customs enquiries and procedures

INTERESTS:
- travel, mountain walks, cinema, cooking
 LESSON 2

Vocabulary: Banking
Grammar: Comparative and Superlative of adjectives
Reading comprehension: Competition
Writing: Follow-up letter/Application letter
Vocabulary: Banks the basics

A. Choose the correct words.

Grimleys Bank: Open an account today!

Open an account with Grimleys Bank, and start benefiting from our great 1 rates / levels of interest and 2 small / low
charges. With over 3,000 3 branches / outlets, you'll never be far from us, and unlike many other 4 high street / town
centre banks, we're open all day on Saturdays. Grimleys customers can 5 take money / make withdrawals from more than
a million 6 cash dispensers / money machines worldwide, and of course you'll receive a 7 cheque book / book of cheques
and a 8 paying card / debit card within a few days of opening your account. Computer-users may be interested in our e-
account - all the benefits of a regular Grimley's 9 current / day-to-day account, with the added convenience of being able
to view your 10 lists / statements and 11 make / do payments online. Whether you're opening your first current account,
12 switching / changing from another bank or simply want to take advantage of our 13 range / variety of savings accounts,
you'll be glad you chose Grimleys the bank that always 14 makes / puts the customer first.

B. Match the method of payment with the definition.

1. Credit card a. A piece of paper which transfers money from your account to
somebody else's account.
2. Debit card b. Similar to a credit card, but usually operated by a chain of
shops or other retailer.
3. Charge card c. The money is deducted from your bank account almost
immediately.
4. Cheque d. These can be exchanged for foreign currency, or in some cases
used instead of cash.
5. Traveller's cheque e. You owe the card provider money. You can pay it back in one
instalment, or over a longer period if you wish.
6. Charge account f. You owe the retailer money.

C. Choose the best word

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

1. Regular bank statements will be sent to you by post, listing recent __________.
a. payments b. events c. transactions
2. New current account customers can borrow up to 200 in the form of a low-interest __________.
a. overdraft b. overtake c. overspend
3. The current rate of interest for __________ overdrafts is 6.7% APR.
a. permitted b. allowed c. authorised
4. While your account is __________ credit, there are no charges.
a. under b. in c. with
5. If your account is overdrawn, charges may __________.
a. happen b. apply c. occur
6. When you acknowledge __________ of your new debit card
a. receipt b. the receiving c. reception
7. you will be sent a PIN (Personal _________ Number)
a. identifying b. identifier c. identification
8. You will need to _________ your PIN each time you use the card.
a. put in b. type c. enter
9. Two or more customers may apply for a __________.
a. two-person account b. joint account c. together account
10. Current account __________ may apply for a Grimleys Credit Card.
a. holders b. owners c. users
Grammar: Comparative and superlative of adjectives

I)Fill the blanks with the right form of the adjective in brackets:

1. Your bag is ____________ (easy) than mine.

2. My mothers advice is _____________ (useful) for me.
3. The summer this year is _____________ (dry) as ever.
4. It is _________________ (difficult) rule of all.
5. This pen writes _______________ (good) than my previous one.
6. This athlete is _______________ (strong) than his competitor.
7. This pupil is _____________ (clever) in the class.
8. This is ______________ (old) castle in Britain.
9. Health is _____________ (important) than money.
10. This path is ______________ (narrow) than the parallel one.
11. This actor is _________________ (famous) actors from Spain.
12. Kenyans are ________________ (good) sprinters.
13. Luxurious hotels are___________ (expensive) than those of economic class.
14. My _____________ (old) sister is afraid of mice.
15. Saturn is ________ 2nd ___________ (large) planet in our solar system.
16. We have ______________ (much) homework today than we had yesterday.
17. If you need any __________ (far) information, please contact our assistant.
18. The second part of the film is _______________ (boring) than the first one.
19. In childhood my aunt was ____________ (thin), but now she is rather fat.
20. This highway is ______________ (wide) than that highway.
21. My house is _____________ (near) to the library.
22. We live in ____________ (small) country in the world.
23. My ___________ (good) friend lives in the country.

II) Fill in the comparative and superlative forms of the adjectives.

1) old - - 2) bad - -

3) difficult - - 4) large - -

5) good - - 6) big - -

7) easy - - 8) much - -

9) little - - 10) interesting - -

III) Put in the adjective in bold from the first sentence into the second sentence in its correct form
(comparative or superlative).

Example: I have a fast car, but my friend has a ______ car.

Answer: I have a fast car, but my friend has a faster car.

1) This is a nice cat. It's much than my friend's cat.

2) Here is Emily. She's six years old. Her brother is nine, so he is .

3) This is a difficult exercise. But the exercise with an asterisk (*) is the exercise on the
worksheet.

4) He has an interesting hobby, but my sister has the hobby in the world.

5) In the last holidays I read a good book, but father gave me an even one last weekend.

6) School is boring, but homework is than school.

7) Skateboarding is a dangerous hobby. Bungee jumping is than skateboarding.

8) This magazine is cheap, but that one is .

9) We live in a small house, but my grandparents' house is even than ours.

10) Yesterday John told me a funny joke. This joke was the joke I've ever heard.

IV) Fill in the missing words into the gaps.

Positive Comparative Superlative

few
rich
cheap
brave
plain
cruel
boring
Reading comprehension: Competition

Making a supermarket competitive

Background

Shopping around

Competition between supermarkets is very strong. In the UK there are four major
supermarkets and Morrisons is number four. The image of Morrisons is low prices, a
wide range of food, and friendly staff.

Tesco, the number one supermarket, has small shops in towns and big shops outside
towns. It also has a healthy eating range of food and a loyalty card for regular
customers. Tesco sells non-food products like TVs, washing machines and furniture.

Sainsbury has an expensive image, but it has some economy products, and with the
help of English chef Jamie Oliver, more people shop there now. It has man green and
fair-trade products, too, and quality is very important. Sainsburys trains all its staff to
know more about its products.

Answer the questions:

1) What do the three supermarkets do to stay competitive?
2) Which supermarket do you shop at? Why do you go there?
3) Which points are important to you when you shop at a supermarket?
Writing: Follow-up letter/ Letter of Application

First Paragraph:
State the job youre applying for.
Where you found out about it (advert in The Guardian newspaper etc. - organisations like to know which of their
advertising sources are being successful)
When you're available to start work

Second Paragraph
Why you're interested in that type of work
Why the company attracts you (if it's a small company say you prefer to work for a small friendly organisation!)

Third Paragraph
Summarise your strengths and how they might be an advantage to the organisation.
Relate your skills to the competencies required in the job.

Last Paragraph
Mention any dates that you won't be available for interview
Thank the employer and say you look forward to hearing from

Example 1:

Mr. Robert Burns President,

Template Division MEGATEK Corporation
9845 Technical Way Arlington,
VA 22207 burns@megatek.com

Dear Mr. Burns,

I learned of MEGATEK through online research using the Career Search database through Career Services at University
of Washington Bothell where I am completing my bachelor's degree in Computer Software systems. From my research on
your web site, I believe there would be a good fit between my skills and interests and your needs. I am interested in a
software engineering position upon completion of my degree in May 2012.
As an undergraduate student, I am one of six members on a development team where we are writing a computer aided
aircraft design program for Boeing. My responsibilities include designing, coding, and testing of a graphical portion of the
program which requires the use of GIARO for graphics input and output. I have a strong background in computer aided
design, software development, and engineering, and believe that these skills would benefit the designing and
manufacturing aspects of Template software. Enclosed is my resume which further outlines my qualifications.
My qualifications make me well suited to the projects areas in which your division of MEGATEK is expanding efforts. I
would appreciate the opportunity to discuss a position with you, and will contact you in a week or ten days to answer any
questions you may have and to see if you need any other information from me such as a company application form or
transcripts. Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely,

William Stevens
123 Timberlake Drive Edmonds,
WA 98067 (540) 555-2556
WStevens@uwb.edu
EXAMPLE 2:

Re: Computer Graphic Designer

Dear Mr. Lee

With reference to the advertisement in the SCMP on January 11, 1998, I am writing to apply for the position of
Computer Graphic Designer.

I am currently a full-time student studying a degree course in Information Technology at the Hong Kong
Polytechnic University and I am due to graduate in June1998. As you can see from the enclosed CV, I have
extensive experience in computer graphic design. Apart from the formal training I have obtained from my three-
year course and summer programmes, I have had a number of part-time and summer jobs which have helped me
to gain experience in designing computer graphics. Frequent participation in workshops, competitions and
extra-curricular activities involving the subject has also allowed me to develop insight into the area.

My professional training at the university requires adaptability and creative use of the resources available to
produce graphics for real customers in the business world. Working as a student researcher during the last
semester has further expanded my skills in data processing and graphic design, and more importantly, my
ability to work independently. I feel, therefore, that I have not only the experience that you are looking for, but a
number of other invaluable skills which would benefit me in this position.

I would like to have the opportunity to discuss this position with you further. I can be contacted at 2777 7777 or
9922 0000 between 8.30am and 6.30pm. Thank you for your consideration and I await your reply.

Yours sincerely,

Kwong Chi-ming , Tommy

encl. cv
A Letter of application

1. Read Nancys letter of application and complete it using the phrases and words in the box.
 LESSON 3

Vocabulary: Business English verbs

Grammar: Past Simple and Present Perfect
Reading: Fujitsu provides IT and communications solutions.
Writing: E-mail
Vocabulary: On the phone and by e-mail

I) On the phone: Use the words listed below to complete the sentences

put through hold on call back ring back return transfer

.No, Im sorry , I cant _______you ________ to Mrs Porter. I cant connect you to anyone
No, Im afraid you cant ___________
No, she wont ______ you ________. She cant _______ you ______ and nobody is going to _______
your call
And no, I cant ________you to another line Why not? Because Mrs Porter doesnt work here, in
fact nobody works here YOUVE GOT THEWRONG NUMBER!

II) By e-mail: Use the words listed below to complete the sentences

attached logged on save clicked deleted undo

Hi John,
I found the report that you ________ to your e-mail when I _______to my computer this morning. I
thought the report was great. I wanted to keep it, so I tried to _______it on my hard disk.
Unfortunately, I _______on the wrong button and I __________it instead! I tried to _______the
command, but that didnt work. So I searched for it but it just wasnt there. Could you send it again?

Many thanks,
Rita
Grammar: Past Simple and Past Perfect

Past Simple: a) ED; b) II column

I) Write the past forms of the irregular verbs.

1. feel
2. cost
3. drive
4. catch
5. feed

II) Complete the table in simple past.

positive negative question

The ship disappeared.

He did not criticise you.

Was Amy depressed?

She did not teach in London.

Did the passengers panic?

III) Put the sentences into simple past.

1. They repeat the question.

2. She hugs her little brother.
3. The snowman melts in the sun.
4. The candle does not burn.
5. Do they chat in a forum?

IV) Write sentences in simple past.

1. Jim / his head / cover

2. she / the chapter / copy
3. not / the clouds / disappear
4. he / to our question / refer
5. not / we / our punishment / escape
V) Was or Were?

1. It the right thing to do.

2. The shop open.
3. The men very strong.
4. The weather great.
5. My father and I in the car.

VI) Ask for the bold part of the sentence.

1. He clicked the mouse button.

2. Robby Robber robbed a bank.

3. The house burnt down.

4. The children respected their teacher.

5. They welcomed the new pupil warmly.

Present Perfect: have / has + past participle (III column)

USE : An action that starts in the past and continues to the present

Examples:

How long have you lived in London? Present perfect

I have lived in London for many years . (unfinished action)

When did you move here exactly? Past Simple

I moved here in 2004. (finished action)

since + specific time

I have lived in London since 2004.
for + period of time
I have lived in London for many years.

I) Fill in the gaps with since or for.

1. _________________ ten minutes
2. _________________ a long time.
3. _________________ the end of the month.
4. _________________ a few years.
5. _________________I left school
6. _________________Friday.
7. _________________ last night.
 8. _________________ 2 oclock.
9. _________________ three months.
10. _________________ a number of years.

II) Correct the mistakes.

1. How long do you know your best friend? _______________________________
2. I have this cell phone for five month. _________________________________
3. We live in Lisbon for ten years. ______________________________________
4. My father works at this hospital since 2009. ___________________________
5. How long you have that calculator? ___________________________________
6. I dont know him for very long. ________________________________________
7. I am here since this morning. __________________________________________
8. I wait for this moment for a long time. ________________________________
9. Nobody ever climbed that mountain. __________________________________

III) Complete using the Present Perfect Simple.

1. I _________________ (know) Harold since he was a little boy.

2. Joseph _________________ (have) that laptop for two years.
3. How long _________________ he _________________ (be) at university?
4. Our next-door neighbours _________________ ( not live) here long.
5. Sophie _________________ (be) in this class since January.
6. My sister _________________(work) at Pizza Hut for three weeks now.
7. I _________________(live) here all my life.
8. He _________________ (not be) married for very long.

IV) Write the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. How long _________________ he _________________ (be) here?
He _________________(be) here for quite some time.
2. How long _________________ you and your boyfriend _________________ (be) together?
We _________________(be) together for ages.
3. _________________ he _________________(have) that scooter long?
No, he _________________(had) it since Friday.
How much _________________ it _________________ (cost)?
It _________________(cost) a lot of money.
4. How long _________________ your parents _________________(be) divorced?
They _________________(not be) divorced for long.
When _________________ they _________________ (get) divorced?
They _________________ (get) divorced since month ago.

V) Write questions for the following.

1. _________________________________________________________________?
Ive been married for five years.
2. _________________________________________________________________?
Theyve had that car for six months.
3. _________________________________________________________________?
Shes known him since they were kids.
4. _________________________________________________________________?
Hes worked here since last year.
5. _________________________________________________________________?
Yes, they have lived here for a long time.
6. _________________________________________________________________?
 Past Simple and Present Perfect

I) I have done or I did? Put in the correct verb form.

Ive done (I / do) all the housework. The flat is really clean now.
A young couple bought (buy) the house next door. But they didn't live there long.

1 Our visitors_______________ (arrive). They're sitting in the garden.

2 There's still a problem with the television. Someone___________(repair) it, but then it broke
down again.
3 ____________(I / lose) my bankcard. I can't find it anywhere.
4 The match_________________(start). United are playing well.
5 My sister________________(run) away from home. But she came back two days later.
6 Daniel_________________(earn) some money last week. But Im afraid he's already spent it all.
7 ______________(we / plant) an apple tree in the garden. Unfortunately it died.
8 Prices_____________________(go) up. Everything is more expensive this year.
9 Someone________________(turn) on the hi-fi. What's that song called?
10 _____________(I /phone) the office at eleven to speak to the manager, but he isn't there today.
11 _______________(I / make) a cake. Would you like a piece?
12 The runner Amos Temila______________(break) the world record for the 1500 metres in
Frankfurt. Then two days later in Helsinki, Lee Williams ran it in an even faster time.
Reading comprehension: Fujitsu

I) Fujitsu provides IT and communications solutions. Read about its work with three companies:

1) What product or system does each company use?

2) What is the result?

THREE WAYS FUJITSU HELPS CLIENTS TO REDUCE PAPERWORK AND IMPROVE

COMMUNICATION:

The nurses at PinnacleHealth use Fujitsus pen tablets for patient information. They never print a
hard copy so now they have more time for patients.

The recruitment firm, Spring Personnel, receives hundreds of CVs, letters, and business cards. But
with the FijitsusScanSnap, the company can scan and save them ellectronically. It reduces paper
filed in the office by 90 %, says Lucy Taylor, branch co-ordinator.

The global delivery company, TNT, deals with 30,000 items every day. In 2002, each item needed 4
pieces of paperwork including an order from the customer, an invoice to bill the customer, and a
delivery note and receipt for when the item was delivered. Working with Fujitsu, TNT now has an
electronic system called PACS. It reduces delivery times up to 8 hours.

A B

receive ______ a hard copy ________

print ________ an e-mail (x2) __________
forward ________ a folder ____________
send ________ an order from ___________
save ________ a document _____________
open ________ an invoice______________
attach _______
Writing: an e-mail

You are at an international trade fair in another country. You write an e-mail about the fair to a
colleague in your office. Complete the e-mail with the items from the list:

a sales manager business is company sells do business is a great city from Debrecen

Hi,

The Cyberfair is very exciting and Frankfurt is a ___________________. There are interesting people
from all over the world on the fair. Adam Bota _________________ in Hungary. Hes
_____________.

His _____________ furniture for hi-tech offices, and he says ____________ good at the moment.

I think Mr Bota is a very good business contact. Im sure we can _________________.

Bye for now.

 LESSON 4

Vocabulary: Banking and financial problems

Grammar: There is/there are; Countable and Uncountable nouns
Reading: Why do more businesses choose Dubai?
Writing: Formal letter
Vocabulary: banking and finance
A. Choose the best words to go into each space.

1. An insolvent company often goes into liquidation. A private individual who cannot pay his/her
debts may
be declared __________ by a court.
a. bankrupt b. indebted c. penniless
2. A bankrupt person's __________ can be taken and used to repay his/her debts.
a. things b. items c. property
3. A person who has not yet completed this process is called an ___________ bankrupt
a. unfinished b. incomplete c. undischarged
4. The technical meaning of insolvency is that a person or company's __________ exceed their assets.
a. payments b. liabilities c. expenses
5. When a limited company* becomes insolvent, it is likely to go into __________.
a. liquid b. liquidity c. liquidation
6. The person responsible for winding up a company which has gone into liquidation is called the
__________.
a. liquid b. liquidator c. liquidiser
7. When all the assets of a company have been used as security for a loan, and the company defaults
on repayments, the lender may force the company to go into ___________.
a. receivership b. reception c. reciprocation.
8. In this case, a receiver will be appointed to __________ the assets of the company in order to repay
the debt.
a. sell b. trade c. realise
9. A mistake in an account is often called a _________.
a. disturbance b. distraction c. discrepancy
10. Supermarket chains have a __________ interest in keeping agricultural subsidies high, as they
make food cheaper to buy from farmers.
a. invested b. vested c. vestal
11. A force majeure is an __________ event such as strike, riot or natural disaster which prevents a
contract from being __________.
a. unforeseen / fulfilled b. unseen / fulfilled c. unforeseen / filled
12. Many contracts contain a force majeure __________ to cover this situation.
a. sentence b. phrase c. clause

* A limited company is a company whose members have only limited liability for that company's debts. In
other words, if the company cannot pay its debts, the members of the company don't have to pay the debts
out of their own pockets.
Grammar: Countable and Uncountable nouns

Would you like some French fries?

Wed like a bottle of sparkling water.
Id like some sushi, please.

1. Use ________ / an with singular, countable nouns.

2. Use ________ with plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns.

A. Decide whether these nouns are countable (C) or uncountable (U)

1. The children are playing in the garden.
2. I don't like milk.
3. I prefer tea.
4. Scientists say that the environment is threatened by pollution.
5. My mother uses butter to prepare cakes.
6. There are a lot of windows in our classroom.
7. We need some glue to fix this vase.
8. The waiters in this restaurant are very professional.
9. My father drinks two big glasses of water every morning.
10. The bread my mother prepares is delicious.
B. Choose How much or How many

1. cheese do you buy?

2. books are there in your bag?
3. films did Tom see last week?
4. money do you spend every week?
5. friends does Linda have?
6. sugar do we need?
7. tomatoes are there in the fridge?
8. meat are you going to buy?
9. milk did you drink yesterday?
10. apples do you see?

C. Complete the conversation. Choose the correct form.

A: What are you doing Andrew?

B: Im writing essay/an essay.
A: Oh, youve got computer/a computer. Do you always write essay/essays on your computer?
B: Yes, but I am not doing very well today. Im working on my plan for about three hour/hours now.
A: Youve got lots of books to help you, though. I havent got as much/many books as you. Thats
because I havent got much money/moneys. Quite often I cant even afford to buy food/foods.
B: Really? That cant be many/much fun
A: Id like to get job/a job I can do in my spare time and earn a/some money. Ive got a few/a little ideas,
but what do you think I should do?
B: I know someone who paints picture/pictures and sells them. Why dont you do that?

D. A potato or potato? A sport or sport? (Complete the conversations. Choose the correct form)

1. Can I pick an apple/some apple from your tree? Yes, of course.

2. I think sport/a sport is boring. So do I. I hate it.
3. We ought to buy some potato/some potatoes. OK, Ill get them.
4. I think painting/a painting is a fascinating hobby. Well youre certainly very good at it.
5. Did you hear noise/a noise in the middle of the night? No, I dont think so.
6. Is there cheese/a cheese in this soup? Yes, a little.
7. Shall I put a chicken/some chicken in your sandwiches? Yes, please.
8. I had conversation/a conversation with Vicky last night. Oh, what about?
9. Are you a pacifist? Well, I dont believe in war/a war, so I suppose I am.
10. It isnt fair. No, life/ a life just isnt fair, Im afraid.
11. Whats the matter? Youve got some egg/some eggs on your shirt.
Reading comprehension: Why do more businesses choose Dubai?

Read the text and discuss: Is Dubai a good location for business? Why?

Location

Dubai is at the centre of the Middle East and the city is the perfect meeting place for the markets of
Europe, Asia, and Africa. There are over 65 airlines to 100 destinations worldwide from our
international airport.

Business

Dubai is the perfect location for a regional office and has conference exhibition centres. There are
some excellent services (bank, law, firms, advertising agencies) and hotels at every price.

Transport

Unlike many cosmopolitan cities, there isnt a problem with transport in Dubai. Take a taxi or use
public transport- theres a bus every 20 minutes on most bus routes.

there are there is there isnt is there are there

A Dubai is a great location for a conference. The weather is always good.

B What about the airport? _______________ lots of international flights.
A Yes, ______________ . And ________________ a problem with transportation from the airport
because public transport is excellent in Dubai.
B But ________________ a good place for a conference?
A Yes, _________________. Its the Dubai International Exhibition and Convention complex. Its
perfect.
Writing: Writing a business e-mail

I) Before you start, make a list of reasons why people write business e-mails.

II) Read the rules for writing business e-mails. Read the e-mail below from a student to a company
about their work and say which rules does he break.

III) Now, rewrite the e-mail according to the rules.

 LESSON 5

Vocabulary: Corporate Finance

Grammar: Pronouns
Reading: Contacts
Writing: Invitation letter
Vocabulary: Corporate Finance

A. Money TV was a financial news Cable TV station. Put the story in order.

_____ After a shaky start, Money TV went into profit after three years.
_____ They raised some capital from a merchant bank.
_____ As a result, Money TV's advertising revenue fell dramatically.
__1_ Three companies, Tennant Entertainment, Planet Media and K9 Communications formed a consortium.
_____ Money TV started to make heavy losses.
__5_ A new station, The Money Channel was launched by Wolf Media Group, the US media empire.
_____ Money TV went into liquidation.
_____ They bought equipment, rented premises, hired staff and set up Money TV.
_____ Viewing figures dropped sharply because of competition from The Money Channel.

B. Put the words into the spaces.

annual report capital intensive cost-benefit analysis into partnership joint venture

lease monopoly profit margin recoup start-up costs

supply and demand working capital

1. Before deciding to invest in a new computer system, we need to do a __________________ to see if it's
going to be worth it.
2. The new machinery cost a lot, but we'll __________________ the investment in just a few months.
3. You can read about the company's finances, performance and plans for the future in its
__________________.
4. We don't actually own our delivery lorries. We __________________ them.
5. We'd like to launch a new airline, but the __________________ are very high.
6. Airlines are a very __________________ form of business, as aeroplanes are extremely expensive.
7. Jewellery retailers need a lot of __________________, as the cost of their stock is high.
8. Petrol filling stations operate on a very narrow __________________. They only make about 1p a litre.
Grammar: Pronouns

A.PERSONAL PRONOUNS - Subject

Replace the words in brackets by the correct personal pronouns. Note that Sue is the person speaking.
The (*) means that you are asked a question.

1. My name is Sue. (Sue). am English. And this is my family.

2. My mum's name is Angie. (Angie) is from Germany.
3. Bob is my dad. (Bob) is a waiter.
4. On the left you can see Simon. (Simon) is my brother.
5. (Sue and Simon) are twins.
6. Our dog is a girl, Judy. (Judy) is two years old.
7. (Sue, Simon, Bob and Angie).live in Canterbury.
8. (Canterbury).is not far from London.
9. My grandparents live in London. (My grandparents). often come and see us.
10. What can (*) . tell me about your family?

B. PERSONAL PRONOUNS - Object

Aaron was on a business trip to California. He shows you the souvenirs he got for his family.
Fill in the correct pronouns.

1. My sister Jane loves books. This novel is for ..

2. My children like Disney films. The video is for ..
3. My brother Matt collects picture postcards. These postcards are for..
4. My parents like Latin music. The CD is for..
5. I like watches. This nice watch is for ..
6. My wife and I love sweets. These sweets are for..
7. My nephew likes cars. The toy truck is for..
8. My neighbour wants to go to California next year. The guide book is for..
9. Here is another souvenir. I don't know what to do with..
10. You know what? - It's for..
C. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
Replace the personal pronouns by possessive pronouns.

1. This book is (you) ..

2. The ball is (I) ..
3. The blue car is (we) ..
4. The ring is (she) ..
5. We met Paul and Jane last night. This house is (they) ..
6. The luggage is (he) ..
7. The pictures are (she) ..
8. In our garden is a bird. The nest is (it) ..
9. This cat is (we) ..
10. This was not my fault. It was (you) ..

D. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

Fill in the correct reflexive pronouns.

1. I did not want to believe it and then I saw the UFO................

2. The girl looked at ................ in the mirror.
3. Freddy, you'll have to do your homework. ................
4. You don't need to help them. They can do it. ................
5. I introduced ................ to my new neighbour.
6. Boys, can you make your beds...............?
7. She made ................ a pullover.
8. What happens when a monkey sees ................ in the mirror?
9. The father decided to repair the car.................
10. We can move the table..............

E. RELATIVE PRONOUNS (who / which / whose)

Choose the correct relative pronoun (who, which, whose).

1. This is the bank .was robbed yesterday.

2. A boy. sister is in my class was in the bank at that time.
3. The man .robbed the bank had two pistols.
4. He wore a mask .made him look like Mickey Mouse.
5. He came with a friend .waited outside in the car.
6. The woman .gave him the money was young.
7. The bag. contained the money was yellow.
8. The people .were in the bank were very frightened.
9. A man .mobile was ringing did not know what to do.
10. A woman .daughter was crying tried to calm her.
11. The car. the bank robbers escaped in was orange.
12. The robber .mask was obviously too big didn't drive.
13. The man .drove the car was nervous.
14. He didn't wait at the traffic lights .were red.

E. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

Replace the personal pronouns by possessive adjectives.

1. Where are (you) . friends now?

2. Here is a postcard from (I) .friend Peggy.
3. She lives in Australia now with (she) . family.
4. (She). husband works in Newcastle.
5. (He) . company builds ships.
6. (They) .children go to school in Newcastle.
7. (I). husband and I want to go to Australia, too.
8. We want to see Peggy and (she).family next winter.
9. (We) . winter!
10. Because it is (they). Summer.

Reading comprehension: Contacts

I) Anna (A) is meeting a visitor (B) at the airport. Match Annas sentences with the replies.

A B
1. Welcome to Poland. a) Yes, thank you.
2. Excuse me, are you Mr. Weiss? b) No, I was here last year.
3. Hello. Im Anna, nice to meet you. c) Thank you. Its nice to be here.
4. Let me help you with your luggage. d) Yes, thats right.
5. Is this your first visit to Poland? e) Thank you.
6. Did you have a good flight? f) Nice to meet you too.
 II) Look at these topics of conversation. Which ones are suitable when you meet someone for
the first time? Write yes, no or maybe.
the visitors clothes politics
your families the weather
the place you are in hobbies
the visitors journey religion

III) Read these extracts from the conversation between Anna (A) and Mr. Weiss (B). Which
topics in exercise 2 are they talking about?

1. A: So, how was your journey?

B: It was fine, thanks, the plane wasnt full.
A: Well, not many people come to Poland at this time of year.
B: No, I guess not. Is it always this cold in October?
A: Well, not usually this cold. How was the weather in Washington?
B: Actually, it was quite warm. About 20 degrees.

2. A: Where in Poland are you from?

B: From Krakow in the South. Have you been there?
A: Yes, I have. Its a beautiful city.
B: What about you? Do you live in Washington?
A: Yes, I do. But I was born in Chicago.

3. B: Thats an amazing building. What is it?

A: Its the new football stadium. Are you interested in football.
B: I do not know much about it, but my brother loves it.
A: Your brother? Do you have a big family?
B: No, just one brother. How about you? Do you have any brothers or sisters?
A: Yes, I have three sisters.
Writing: Invitation Letter

I) Read this example of this invitation letter.

19th World Conference of the International Union for Health Promotion and Education (IUHPE)
10-15 June, 2010, Vancouver, Canada

On behalf of the International Union for Health Promotion and Education (IUHPE), we would like to take
this opportunity to extend our most cordial invitation and the warmest welcome to all of you to the 19th
IUHPE World Conference on Health Promotion organized on 10-15 June 2010 at the Vancouver Exhibition
and Convention Hall (PEACH) in Vancouver, Canada The IUHPE organize this important triennial event
under the theme Best Investments for Health, which allows reflection on the most efficient, effective
and equitable ways of supporting and advancing health and well being. It will provide multi-sectoral
participants from around the world the opportunity to exchange knowledge and lessons learned in health
promotion. It is our wish that this meeting will serve as a platform to drive health promotion further to
the forefront of the global health agenda and make a difference to sustainably improve the wellbeing of
all people. For information, or to register for the IUHPE conference, go to www.iuhpeconference.org
Please register on-line at: https://webform.sfu.ca/form/gero.friesen.conf.2010. If you are unable to
register on line or have logistical questions, please e-mail Jane McMullen at jancmull@sfu.ca or telephone
1+ (606) 282-2543.

Sincerely,
Natalie Patterson, Ph.D.
Symposium Coordinator

II) In groups write an e-mail to tell a friend or a colleague about a meeting. Make sure you include all
of the following points:

1) When and where the meeting will be?

2) Who will be the participants?
3) What are the main points?
4) Who will be the chair person?
5) Who will take the minutes?
6) Who will speak about particular points?
7) What will happen after the meeting?
 LESSON 6

Vocabulary: Mergers and Acquisition

Grammar: Adverbs
Reading: Schedules
Writing: A schedule
Vocabulary: Mergers and Acquisitions

A. Choose the best word from each pair in grey type.

1. Anderson Accounting has been taken over / taken up by Berlin Brothers.

2. Collins Corporation has made a bid / play for Dacher Deutsche
3. The board of Dacher Deutsche rejected / denied Collins Corporation's offer.
4. Eastern Electricity has joined / merged with Grampian Gas
5. Inter-tek has been sold by its father / parent company, Harrison Holdings.
6. Inter-tek has been acquired / got by Johnson & Johnson
7. Harrison Holdings is expected to sell more of its subsidiaries / children in the future.

B. Put the words below into the correct spaces.

conditional bid controlling interest hostile takeover merger "poison pill"

shareholders target company unconditional bid "white knight"

Takeover bids

In a takeover bid, another person or business makes an offer to the 1______________ to buy their
shares at a fixed price. The aim of this is to take control of the 2______________. If it is a welcome
takeover bid, the directors of the company advise the shareholders to accept the offer. If the
shareholders accept the offer, the result is usually called a 3______________. If the bid is unwelcome,
the directors advise the shareholders against accepting it. The bidders may then write to the
shareholders explaining the advantages of the takeover, and perhaps improving the offer for the
shares. This is known as a 4______________ bid. To avoid an unwelcome takeover bid, the directors
may devise a 5______________ a
tactic that will mean the company is worth much less if the takeover bid is successful. Alternatively,
they may look for a 6______________ an alternative bidder for the company whose takeover would
be more welcome. In an 7______________, the bidder offers a price for each share regardless of how
many shares it can buy. In a 8______________, the offer price depends on the bidder being able to buy
enough shares to gain a 9______________ in the target company.
Grammar: Adverbs

A. Fill in the correct adverb.

adjective adverb
careful

hungry

heavy

funny

fantastic

bad

crazy

wide

close

long

near

embarrassing

monthly

rude

straight

wealthy

usual

easy

B. Find the adjective in the first sentence and fill the space with the adverb.

1. Joanne is happy. She smiles .

2. The boy is loud. He shouts .
3. Her English is fluent. She speaks English.
4. Our mum was angry. She spoke to us.
5. My neighbour is a careless driver. He drives .
6. The painter is awful. He paints .
7. Jim is a wonderful piano player. He plays the piano .
8. This girl is very quiet. She often sneaks out of the house.
9. She is a good dancer. She dances really .
10. This exercise is simple. You

C. Fill in the correct adverb form (comparative or superlative) of the adjectives in brackets.

1. I speak English (fluent). now than last year.

2. She greeted me (polite) of all.
3. She smiled (happy)than before.
4. This girl dances (graceful) of all.
5. Could you write (clear)?
6. Planes can fly (high) than birds.
7. He had an accident last year. Now, he drives (careful) than before.
8. Ben can run (fast) than Danny.
9. Our team played (bad) of all.
10. He worked (hard)than ever before.

D. Choose the correct form (adjective or adverb).

1. Niagara Falls form a natural/naturally border between the United States and Canada.
2. Tourists visit this place frequent/frequently.
3. The Falls are very noisy/noisily.
4. You must speak loud/loudly or nobody can understand you.
5. Many years ago, the neighbouring communities lived here peaceful/peacefully.
Reading: Schedules

I) Read these texts about people working in these businesses and answer the questions:
a) Which people have a similar schedule every day?
b) What is different about the real estate industry now?
c) Which days are very important in the flower delivery business?

Katrina Bieber works in the German Trade Fair Industry:

60% of all major international trade fairs now take place in my country, and January to mid-May is
the really busy period. So I can usually take my annual leave in June or July and then some more off
in the autumn before I start planning again for next year.

Prescott Bowden runs a real estate firm in Atlanta, Georgia:

People always think spring is good time for selling houses, but you cant predict the market these
days. For example, Christmas is the time when everyone has busy schedules, so you expect real estate
to have a quiet period. But last year, December was one of our best months.

Jayne Henry is a sales manager for a flower company:

We promise to deliver flowers the same day so we have very tight deadlines. We also need to be
sure we have the right amount of staff. For certain public holidays or Valentines Day we need about
80 people and five team leaders. During quiet weeks we have about 10 full-time staff in the centre.

II) Find words from the text:

A tight _______ B holiday _______
busy _______ period _______
annual _______ off ________
public ________ schedule ________
busy _________ period ________
quiet _________ deadline _______
time _________ leave ________

Writing: Schedule
look at the texts above and write your own schedule.
 LESSON 7

Vocabulary: Investments
Grammar: Articles
Reading comprehension: Investments
Writing: Jobs
Vocabulary and Reading comprehension: Investments

Make a profit and make a difference

The Aware Finance Ethical Investment Fund aims to offer everything you would expect from an ethical investment:
capital growth, a competitive yield and the knowledge that your gain isn't at the expense of the environment or exploited
workers. Naturally, we only invest in companies that have been thoroughly screened, and fully match up to ethical
investment criteria. Yet Aware Finance goes one step further. 20% of the fund is invested in small, unquoted companies
developing the next generation of renewable energy technologies. Of course, most of these technologies are in their
infancies, and this fund is particularly aimed at investors looking for long-term growth potential. With Aware, the return
on your investment isn't just financial.

The Neptune Tracker Fund

Sometimes the simple things in life are the best. With The Neptune Tracker Fund there are no investment
strategies and no fund managers to pay. The fund is invested in the 100 companies that comprise the Financial
Times-Stock Exchange 100 Share Index. If the FTSE 100 goes up by 5%, the value of your holding goes up 5%.
It's as simple as that. Despite the promises of high growth and high return associated with managed funds, the
truth is that in seven out of the last ten years on average tracker funds
have equalled or out-performed managed funds. And unlike managed funds, there are no hefty fees to pay.
Entry to the fund costs 1.75% of the sum invested, with a tiny 0.5% administration fee payable each year
thereafter. Yields can be reinvested in the fund or can be taken as income the choice is yours.

A. Find words in the advertisements which mean the same as the words below.
1. a specific investment h_______________
2. as good, in financial terms, as others on the market c________________
3. checked s_______________
4. give a higher return than o______________ -p______________
5. income from an investment y ________________
6. increase in value of a holding c_______________ g_______________
7. an increase in value over several years l________ -t_________ g_________
8. not listed on a stock exchange u_______________
9. principles for deciding how to invest i_______________ c_______________

B. Answer the questions.

1. Which fund is probably higher risk? AWARE / NEPTUNE

2. which fund is likely to have higher fees? AWARE / NEPTUNE
3. Which fund is more suitable for investors needing a reliable yield? AWARE / NEPTUNE
4. Which fund is entirely invested on the stock market? AWARE / NEPTUNE
5. Which fund would you prefer to invest in? AWARE / NEPTUNE
C. Match the term with the definition.

1. bond a. An agreement to buy commodities, currencies or shares at a fixed price

on a fixed date in the future.
2. futures contract b. Private investors can buy a small interest in a large fund invested in
many companies.
3. share option c. An investment in which the issuer (often a government) promises to
pay back the invested sum plus interest.
4. trust fund d. Prices are going down / up.
5. unit trust e. A fund which is managed by the trustee(s) for the beneficiary /
beneficiaries. A common example is money held in a trust for a child
or young person.
6. bear / bull market f. Employees are offered shares in the company at a reduced price.

D. Put the words in the spaces in the sentences.

blue chip closing price commission commodities downturn

financial adviser fixed-interest flotation issue price portfolio
public company put some money into share certificates speculate

1. I've decided to __________________ stocks and shares.

2. I bought a five-year __________________ government bond.
3. Unfortunately for investors, there has been a significant __________________ in the market
4. When I bought the bond, I didn't realise that the agent who sold it to me would get a 3%
__________________.
5. To get advice on personal investments, you can see an independent __________________.
6. Shell, British Airways, Sony and Nestl are __________________ companies.
7. Coffee, cotton, coal and aluminum are __________________.
8. A __________________ is owned by its shareholders, and its share price is quoted on a stock
exchange.
9. Shares in Western Gas were launched with an __________________ of 50p per share.
10. The __________________ of Western Gas on the stock exchange was in 1990.
11. Yesterday's __________________ for Western Gas was 178p per share, down 2p on the day before.
12. Jason has a __________________ of shares worth about half-a-million pounds.
13. Unfortunately, all Jason's __________________ were destroyed in a fire.
14. Investing is a form of gambling. As the saying goes "You have to __________________ to
accumulate".
Grammar: Articles

A. Put a/an, the, -, where necessary:

1. My grandmother likes flowers very much.

2. I love flowers in your garden.
3. See you on Wednesday.
4. I always listen to radio in morning.
5. Alex goes to work by bus.
6. Don't be late for school.
7. Listen! Dennis is playing trumpet.
8. We often see our cousins over Easter.
9. She has never been to Alps before.
10. What about going to Australia in February?
11. Last year we visited St. Paul's Cathedral and Tower.
12. Mount Everest is highest mountain on earth.
13. Loch Ness is most famous lake in Scotland.
14. most children likesweets.
15. summer of 1996 was hot and dry.
16. Plaza Hotel is on corner of 59th Street and 5th Avenue.
17. My sister often stays at Uncle Tim's in Detroit.
18. Our friends Millers moved to Florida last August.
19. smog is a problem in big cities.
20. Our children go to school by bus.
21. Lucy has dog.
22. Let's sing song.
23. Emily needs a new desk in her room.
24. I need blue pen.

B) Put a or an in the gaps.

C) Complete the sentences by putting a, an or the if requires. Leave the gap empty if nothing is
required. (Note that that the following words are uncountable: music, fuel, fish, food, coffee,
exercise.)

D) Complete the sentences by putting a, an or the if requires. Leave the gap empty if nothing is
required.

Writing: Jobs
Choose one of these jobs, or another job you know about:

*flight attendant * dentist * architect * hotel receptionist

* sales person * nurse
 LESSON 8

Vocabulary: Balance sheets

Grammar: Much/Many
Reading comprehension: Pedals for Progress
Writing: Cancellation letter
Vocabulary: Balance sheets

.
Parker Publishing Group Plc
Balance Sheet
Audited for the year to March 31st 2007
million
____________________________________________________________________________
Fixed assets
Property 47
Fleet 9
Computers and other equipment 2
Total fixed assets: 58
____________________________________________________________________________
Current assets
Stock 5
Money outstanding 12
Other current assets 2
Total current assets: 19
____________________________________________________________________________
Liabilities
Current liabilities: 7
Long-term liabilities: 23
____________________________________________________________________________
Assets less liabilities: 47
____________________________________________________________________________
Money invested in Parker Publishing
Share capital (40m 50p shares) 20
Reserves: 98
Total: 118

A. Match the words from the balance sheet with the definitions.

1. property a. vehicles (cars, delivery vans, lorries etc.)

2. fleet b. not yet paid (in this case, not yet paid to Parker Publishing)
3. stock c. money in deposited in bank accounts
4. outstanding d. land, buildings and parts of buildings
5. current liabilities e. money which must be paid out within one year
6. long-term liabilities f. money which must be paid out after one year
7. share capital g. goods not yet sold
8. reserves h. money raised by issuing
B. Write the words into the spaces.

arm cash flow founded in its own right liabilities

outstanding pounds' worth sale or return subsidiary tied up
trading went public

Parker Publishing was 1_________________ in 1872 by Hieronymous Parker, originally as the

publisher of a religious periodical called The Preacher. It now specialises in lifestyle magazines, and,
through its 2_________________ Tekpress, also publishes several highly successful periodicals on
consumer interest subjects such as computing and hi-fi. The distribution 3________________ also
distributes magazines from other publishers, and has become highly profitable 4_________________.
The company 5_________________ in 1987. The shares, originally priced at 50p, are
6_________________ at the time of writing for around 3.20. Like many magazine publishers, Parker
are vulnerable to 7_________________ problems. As their magazines are on 8_________________, they
usually have millions of pounds 9_________________ from retailers, and have 10_________________
of several million more in printers' bills. In addition they have to keep large sums of money
11_________________ in stock the firm's warehouses in London and Manchester usually contain
around five million 12_________________ of magazines.

C. Look at the article above and the balance sheet on the opposite page. Answer
the questions.

1. What are Parker Publishing's main current liabilities?

a. money owed to other companies (particularly printers).
b. salaries and wages

2. The article doesn't mention long-term liabilities. In the case of Parker Publishing are these more
likely to
be?
a. money that must be paid to printers in the distant future.
b. repayments on a bank loans used to buy a fleet of lorries and the warehouse in Manchester.

3. The company's share capital is 20m. Does this mean that?

a. their shares are currently worth a total of 20m
b. the shares were worth 20m when issued, but are now worth much more

4. What's the company currently worth?

a. 20,000,000
b. 98,000,000
c. 118,000,000
Grammar: Much/Many

A) If the sentences are correct put a thick, if they are incorrect put a cross.

B) Write much or many in front of these nouns.

C) Put in much, many or more

Reading comprehension: Peddals for Progress

A)Before you read the text, answer the questions.

1) Do you have a bicycle? If so, when do you use it? If not, how would a bicycle change your life?
2) Do you know what a charity is?

B) Read the following interview and find out:

1) What Peddals for Progress does?
2) How Pedals for progress works?

PEDDALS FOR PROGRESS

a) After university, I worked in a small town in Ecuador. One man in town had a
bicycle. He was richer than anyone else, because they had to walk. If you have a
bicycle, you can travel much farther to find employment. I realized that bicycles could
make a difference to the local economy. So, I decided to send used bicycles to people in
developing countries.

b) We collect used bicycles from local groups in the USA, where theres no market for
them. We ask people to give us their old bicycles and ten dollars. We repair the
bicycles and we send a container of bicycles and parts every six months.

c) We sell them. We want to create a market, so we dont give them away for free. In
many countries, there is a big demand but no supply, and new bicycles are very
expensive. We sell our bicycles for 5% of the usual market price.

d) Everyones lives are based on the local economy. The local economy is based on the
businesses in the town. And this is based on the movement of goods and get a rise in
services. If you speed up this movement, you improve the economy. Bicycles speed
things up. So you get a rise in productivity, and people have more money.

e) Very successful! When someone gets a bicycle from us, it means a 14% rise in
income. Weve done that for 62,000people who now eat better. Take Rivas, a little town
in Nicaragua, for example. Its the first place I sent bicycles to. Most people in Rivas
now own one, and the local economy is doing really well.
C) Read the interview again and match the questions 1-5 with the paragraphs a-e.

1) Where do you get the bicycles? __________

2) How successful is Pedals for Progress? __________
3) How did you get the idea for Pedals for Progress? __________
4) How do you distribute the bicycles? __________
5) Why does sending bicycles change lives? __________

D) Match the words from the interview with 1-9 with definitions a-i. Then write the word and
phrases in your language.

1. Local economy _______ _______________________________

2. Employment _______ _______________________________
3. Market _______ _______________________________
4. Demand _______ ________________________________
5. Supply _______ ________________________________
6. Market price _______ ________________________________
7. Goods and Services _______ _______________________________
8. Productivity ________ _______________________________
9. Income _______ ________________________________

a) Things people buy and sell

b) The business activity in a small town/village
c) A group of people that buy something.
d) The amount of money people will pay for something.
e) Work that you get paid for.
f) The money you get as payment for work.
g) The need for something.
h) The amount of something you can get or buy.
i) The amount of work that is done.
Writing: Cancellation Letter

Name of Creditor: Your Name:

Address: Your Address:
City/Town: City/Town:
Area Code: Area Code:

Date:

Dear Sir/Madam,

This letter serves to notify you of my intent to close my credit card account effective
immediately.

Please close the following account:

Credit Card Company: ____________
Account Number: ________________

Kindly send me written confirmation that my account has been closed. Also, please
affirm that you have informed all appropriate credit card bureaus that this account
was closed at my request.
Thank you for your time and immediate attention to this matter.

Yours faithfully,

Name Signature
 LESSON 9

Vocabulary: Business communication

Grammar: Future Tenses
Reading comprehension and Writing: Doing business in Japan
Vocabulary: Business Communication

I) Put these conversations in the right order

1. a) ______ Im fine. This is my colleague, Martin Altenberg.
b) ______ Hello. Pleased to meet you.
c) ______ How do you do, Martin?
d) ______ Hello, my names Gandula Bauer.
2. a) ______ No. How do you do? Im Stefani.
b) ______ Do you know Adriane?
c) ______ And you?
d) ______ Pleased to meet you Stefani.
3. a) ______ Thanks. Nice meeting you and your colleagues.
b) ______ Bye.
c) ______ Yes, have a good journey.
d) ______ Its time to leave. See you soon.
e) ______ Goodbye.

II) Underline the best option in italics.

A. This is Pietre/How are you? Hes my assistant.
B. How do you do?/Nice to meet you too. Pleased to meet you.
A. Im fine./And you?
B. Do you know Franziska?/ How do you do?
C. Yes! Im fine./ Its good to see you again.
D. Im fine. And you?
E. Good morning. I have an appointment with Ms Cernoskova. This is / My name is Ljudmila.
F. How do you do? Its good to see you again. Its Timo, Ljudmilas assistant.
E. Oh, nice to meet you/ Have a good journey.

III) Complete the conversation with phrases from the list.

Nice to meet you See you soon How do you do Do you know Bye
My names Nice to meet you Have a good journey

A. Hello! ___________________________________ Geraldine.

B. Hi. __________________________Vincenz.
A. _____________________________ Alessandro, my colleague?
B. No. How do you do?
C. _______________________________ Nice to meet you
A. Our flight leaves soon. ____________________ Vincenz.
B. Yes, nice meeting you too. ___________________.
A. Bye, and _________________________.
B. __________________________________
 Grammar: Future tenses (will+infinitive; be going to)

I) Will +infinitive: Write positive sentences in will Future.

1. We (help) you.
2. I (get) you a drink.
3. I think our team (win) the match.
4. Maybe she (do) a language course in Malta.
5. I (buy) the tickets.
6. Perhaps she (do) this for you.
7. Maybe we (stay) at home.
8. She hopes that he (cook) dinner tonight.
9. Im sure they (understand) your problem.
10. They (go / probably) to the party.

II) Write negative sentences in will future.

1. (I / answer / the question)

2. (she / read / the book)
3. (they / drink / beer)
4. (we / send / the postcard)
5. (Vanessa / catch / the ball)
6. (James / open / the door)
7. (we / listen / to the radio)
8. (they / eat / fish)
9. (she / give / him / the apple)
10. (the computer / crash)

III) Put the verbs into the correct form (future I simple). Use will.

w ill earn
1. You (earn) a lot of money.
2. You (travel) around the world.
3. You (meet) lots of interesting people.
4. Everybody (adore) you.
5. You (not / have) any problems.
6. Many people (serve) you.
 7. They (anticipate) your wishes.
8. There (not / be) anything left to wish for.
9. Everything (be) perfect.
10. But all these things (happen / only) if you marry me.

IV) Write positive sentences in going to future.

1. What does she need the telephone for?

(she / call / her boyfriend)
2. Why are they wearing sport suits?
(they / play / squash)
3. Why has Fiona bought chocolates?
(She / visit / her grandma)
4. Why do you need a map?
(we / walk / in the mountains)
5. What do you need the cloth and the bucket for?
(we / wash / the car)
6. Why are you running about with the toothbrush?
(I / brush / my teeth)
7. Why is daddy not coming with us?
(he / repair / the car)
8. Hurry up!
(they / light / the bonfire)
9. Why are all these tapes on the table?
(we / learn / Greek)
10. What do you need the pen for?
(I / write / some postcards)

V) Complete the sentences, using the verbs in brackets and will + infinitive or be going to
VI) Imagine that you are at a party. Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets and will +
infinitive or be going to
Reading comprehension and writing: Doing Business

I Before you start answer the questions:

a) What do you think is important to know about another country when you go on holiday or if you
are going to work or study?
b) What do you know about Japan?

II Read this information about Japan. Is it for tourists, business people or students?

a) When you meet someone in Japan, it is normal to bow. However, its OK to shake hands,
particularly with people who work international companies. Its not a good idea to hug people.

b) Always use chopsticks with your right hand. Place them on the sides of a dish after you have
started eating, not on the table. And never leave them standing in the rice bowl its bad luck.

c) Your business card should state your name, company and position in your language (and on the
back) in Japanese. Always give and receive cards with both hands. Treat other peoples cards with
respect look at them carefully before putting them away. Never write or make notes on them.

d) Send an agenda in advance and make it clear what the meeting is about. Also, send any
documents-translated into Japanese. Try to find out who will attend, and check if your hosts speak
English. If not, you will need an interpreter.

e) Allow time for proper introductions and small talk as a friendly atmosphere is helpful. If there is
silence during the meeting- dont worry this is thinking time. Always take notes, and write to thank
your hosts and confirm any decisions.

f) You shouldnt use someones first name until you have met several times and know each other
very well. Be sure to use titles such as Mr, Ms san, but never use san when referring to yourself.

g) Japanese businessmen wear black or grey suit, a white or blue shirt and a dark tie. Businesswomen
should also wear a suit and use only a little jewelry and make up. In summer when its hot and
humid, its good idea to pack several changes of clothes.

III Read the text again and match the headings 1-7 with paragraphs a-g

1. What to wear _____ 6. Talking to others ______

2. Business cards _____ 7. Before a meeting ______
3. Eating out _____
4. Greetings _____
5. During and after meetings ______
IV Here are some dos and donts about working in Japan. There are several more in the article.
Find another two of each in the text and add them to the lists.

Dos
Bow when you meet someone
use chopsticks with your right hand
_______________________________________________
_________________________________________________

Donts
Hug people when you meet them
Put chopsticks on the table
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Writing: Use your list to write some information like the article in exercise II.

Choose another country like Korea, China, Brazil and use the internet, magazines or newspapers to
find information about doing business in that country.
 LESSON 10

Vocabulary: Numbers and Statistics

Grammar: Future Tense (Present Continuous)
Reading comprehension: Planning a meeting
Writing: e-mail (arranging a meeting)
Vocabulary: Numbers and Statistics

A. Match the numbers with the phrases.

1. 1,000,000 a. one percent
2. 1,000,000,000 b. a thousand
3. 1,000,000,000,000 c. a trillion
4. 1% d. "nought point oh oh one percent"
5. 0.1% e. "nought point oh one percent"
6. 0.01% f. "nought point one percent"
7. 0.001% g. a billion (often written 1bn)
8. >1 h. a million (often written 1m)
9. <1 i. greater than 1
10. _1 j. greater than or equal to 1
11. _1 k. less than or equal to one
12. 1k l. less than one

Notes

For American English, change nought and oh to zero: 0.01 = "zero point zero one"
An alternative to "nought point one" is "point one".
In the past the US and the UK had different meanings for billion and trillion. Occasionally, therefore,
in the UK, billion may mean [1 plus 12 zeros], and trillion may mean [1 + 18 zeros].

B. Match the numbers with the phrases.

1. 3 2 a. the square root of three
2. 3 + 2 b. three cubed
3. 3 x 2 c. three divided by two (or three over two)
4. 3 / 2 d. three minus two
5. 32 e. three multiplied by two (or three times two or three by two)
6. 33 f. three plus two
7. 310 g. three squared
8. 3 h. three to the power of ten (or three to the tenth)
C. Answer the questions.

1. "Three plus two __________ five." Which is not possible?

a. equals b. makes c. is d. comes to e. does
2. Which is not a very usual way to say $7.90?
a. seven ninety b. seven dollars ninety c. seven dollars and ninety cents d. seven point nine dollars
3. Choose the best words to fill the spaces In PC Planet, the Micron X9000 desktop computer _________ $999.95.
a. is for sale at b. retails at c. is bought at
4. I'll work it out and give you the __________ tomorrow morning.
a. figures b. numbers c. numerals
5. "I don't care how you worked it out. Just tell me the bottom line." Bottom line =
a. amount of profit b. final result of a calculation c. total losses
6. What's the best way to say anna.brown@globalindustries.com
a. "Anna point brown at global industries dot com" b. "Anna dot brown at global industries dot com"
7. Alan earns 10k a year, Bella earns 20k a year and Cathy earns 60k a year. What's their mean annual income?
a. 20,000 b. 30,000 c. 60,000
8. Reference code 14/689G. What's the best way to say this?
a. "fourteen slash six eight nine G" b. "fourteen, six hundred and eighty-nine G"
9. The subtotal of credits is 8m and the subtotal of debits is 10m. What's the total?
a. "less two million pounds" b. "negative two million pounds" c. "minus two million pounds"
10. In most English-speaking countries, how do you write "minus two thousand five hundred and seventy"?
a. 2.570 b. 2.570 c. 2,570
11. Which two are not another way to say "about fifty"
a. around fifty b. fifty-ish c. fifty, up or down d. fifty, more or less e. fifty or thereabouts f. fifty or so
g. in the region of fifty h. on the fifty i. fifty, give or take
Grammar: Future Tenses (Present Continuous)

I Look at the past events in brackets (), and then write sentences using the words in the box. Use short
forms of the Present Continuous for the future.

II Go through the pairs of sentences in the Future and choose the most suitable answer.

a) Can you give me a lift to Amelias party this evening?

1. No problem. Im going to pick you up at nine.
2. No, problem. Ill pick you up at nine.
b) Why cant you come to the cinema tomorrow?
1. Ive already told you. We are having dinner with our cousins.
2. Ive already told you. Well have dinner with our cousins.
c) Hi Ferry. Are you walking to the bus stop?
1. Yes, its Kate birthday and Ill get the bus to her house.
2. Yes, its Kate birthday and Im going to get the bus to her house.
d) Hey folks! The phone is ringing.
1. Ok. Ill answer it.
2. OK. Im answering it.
e) Who do you think is going to get the job in the bank?
1. I think James is getting the job.
2. I think James will get the job.
f) This box looks awfully heavy!
1. Im helping you carry it if you like.
2. Ill help you carry it if you like.
III Put each verb in brackets in the most appropriate Future form. More than one answer may be
possible in some sentences.

a) I think fashion _____________(be) very different in the year 2050.

b) My brother _____________ (study) classical music in Salzburg.

c) Dont lend Paul your car. He _____________(crash) it.

d) I bought this camera because I _____________(take) a photography course next week.

e) Im sure William _____________(not pass) the exams again.

f) The show _____________ (not start) until 7.30 so I think we _____________(have) time to eat a
sandwich first.

g) What _____________ (Harry / do) when he leaves school?

He has already decided: he _____________ (study) medicine in London.

Reading and writing: Planning a meeting

I Before you start:

a) Have you ever taken part in a discussion with a large group of people?
b) If you did not, would you like to? Why/why not?

II Here are some rules of what to do before a meeting. Read the rules and the e-mail below. Tick
the rules that the e-mail follows.

1. Send an agenda several days before. _____

2. Make sure everyone knows the time and date of the meeting. _____
3. Say where it will be, and how to get there. _____
4. Make it clear why you are having the meeting. ______
5. Make sure everyone knows who will be there. ______
6. Appoint a chair person and note taker. ______
7. If necessary ask people to prepare to talk about a particular point. ______
8. Make sure people know what will happen next. ______

Memo

To: Project team

From: Paul Heaton
Date: 24th June
Subject: Meeting

Dear all,
This e-mail is to remind you about the meeting at 10.00 on Friday, 28 th June. The purpose of the
meeting is to discuss the next stage of the Randall project.
I attached in the agenda with the main points for discussion. If you have another points you want to
discuss, please let me know. I also attached the list of participants, so you know who will be at the
meeting.
The chairperson will be Suzan Novotna. We need someone to take the minutes so there is a record of
what we talked about. Michael, can you do this, please? You will receive the minutes as soon as
possible after the meeting, together with the list of action points and responsibilities.
I look forward to seeing you all.
With best wishes.
Paul
III Match the words and phrases from the e-mail (1-7) with the definitions (a-g). Then write the
words and phrases in your own language.
1. purpose ____ ___________________________________________
2. agenda ____ ___________________________________________
3. main points ____ ___________________________________________
4. participants ____ ___________________________________________
5. chairperson ____ ___________________________________________
6. minutes ____ ___________________________________________
7. action points ____ ___________________________________________

a) notes of what is said at the meeting

b) the people who take part in a meeting
c) the things to do after the meeting
d) the person who keeps control over the meeting
e) the reason for or the aim of the meeting
f) the most important thing to talk about

Writing: Arranging a meeting

Write an e-mail to tell the class about the meeting. Include the information
About all the following points:

1. When and where the meeting will be?

2. Who will be the participants?
3. What are the main points?
4. Who will be the chairperson?
5. Who will take the minutes?
6. Ho will speak about the particular points?
7. What will happen after the meeting?
 LESSON 11

Vocabulary: Money and work

Grammar: 1st Conditional
Reading comprehension: Mobile phones
Writing: Reference letter
Vocabulary: Money and work

A. Put words into the spaces.

a year by good money hourly for makes on the staff

package
payroll on salary staff member wage well paid well

Set 1:
1. She's ________________ 40k a year.
2. She's on forty thousand ________________.
3. Her monthly ________________ is about 3,300.
4. She ________________ forty thousand pounds a year.
5. Parker Publishing offer an excellent remuneration ________________ to executives.

Set 2:
6. He works ________________ Parker Publishing.
7. He's employed ________________ Parker Publishing.
8. He's ________________ of Parker Publishing.
9. He's on the ________________ of Parker Publishing.
10. He's a Parker Publishing ________________.

Set 3:
11. Parker Publishing pay their delivery drivers a good ________________ rate.
12. Parker Publishing pay their delivery drivers ________________.
13. Parker Publishing delivery drivers are on ________________.
14. Parker Publishing delivery drivers are ________________.
15. Parker Publishing delivery drivers get a good weekly ________________.

B. Choose the best words to go into the spaces.

1. Tony doesn't pay tax. He gets paid ________________.

a. cash in pocket b. cash in hand c. cash in fingers.
2. Anna is a ________________ illustrator. She works for many different ________________.
a. freelance / customers b. free / clients c. freelance / clients
3. Anna is ________________.
a. self-employed b. self-working c. self-paid
4. Steve works for Burger Planet. He only earns about 6 ________________.
a. for an hour b. an hour c. the hour
Grammar: Zero and 1st conditional

1 - Zero conditional.

If + present tense, -present tense: if the teacher is late, it sets a bad example to the class.

Zero conditional is used to express:

*Things that are always or generally true: people get annoyed if you shout at them

*Scientific facts: if water boils, it evaporates

2 - First conditional.

If/Unless + present tense, - future tense/modal verb (may, should, can, etc.)/imperative:

* If you wash the car, it will look much smarter. Future tense

* You can have an ice-cream if you behave well. Modal

* If he phones, tell him Im in a meeting. Imperative

* I wont phone unless its urgent. Future negative

* You shouldnt go swimming unless you think its safe. Modal

The first conditional is used to express a future condition the speaker thinks is possible or likely: if I
get the job, Ill buy myself a new car.

I Transform these sentences using the First Conditional.

1 Rachel might fail her driving test. But she can take it again.

2 United might lose. If they do, Tom will be upset.

3 The office may be closed. In that case Mark won't be able to get in.

4 Nick may arrive a bit early. If he does, he can help Tom to get things ready.

5 The party might go on all night. If it does, no one will want to do any work tomorrow.

6 Emma may miss the train. But she can get the next one.

7 Is Matthew going to enter the race? He'll probably win it.

II Put these facts about various types of people into sentences with if+Present Simple+Present
Simple.

III Complete the sentence with if+Present Simple+will/wont, using the words in brackets.
Reading comprehension: Can you live without it?

I Before you start answer the questions:

Do you have a mobile phone? Do you use it a lot? Who pays for the calls?

II Read these quotes. Which one is closest to yours?

1) I have it in case I get in trouble, or if I need to contact someone quickly.
2) I spend a lot of time on the phone at home. Its better and cheaper for my parents if I have a
mobile, because I have to pay for my calls.
3) I like to be able to text and chat with my friends, any time I want.
4) Everyone has one if you dont have a mobile its bad for your social life.

III) Read the text, then match the words and phrases.

A mobile phone is stolen in the UK every three minutes. Almost half of the victims (48%) of mobile
phone theft are under 18. The average age of the thief is 16. In 2002-01, 28% of all robberies involved a
mobile phone, compared with 16% in 1999-2000. This was double the number for 1998-99, when only
8% involved a mobile.

Smoking among 15 year olds fell from 30 % to 23% between 1196 and 1999, while mobile phone
ownership among 15-17 year olds rose from low levels in 1996 to 70 % by august 2000. Is there a link?
Experts think that using a mobile satisfies the same teenage needs as smoking. Both are a way of
taking part in the social life of the group. Both offer a sense of style and individuality, making the
user feel adult and independent. And many teenagers cant afford to do both.

According to research, the majority of 18 to 24 year olds (88%) currently have a mobile phone for
personal use. In a recent survey of their views 32% said they cant live without their mobile phone.
One in three (33%) said a mobile phone is important, but not essential and 28% said its nice to have a
mobile phone, but they could live without it. Only 7% said it doesnt matter whether they have one or
not.

1. the majority of a) went up

2. one in three b) most
3. fell c) 48%
4. almost half d) a third
5. rose e) twice
6. double f) went down
Writing: A reference letter

Read the example of the letter and then write your own about your peer.

To:

I highly recommend Ms. Jane Doe as a candidate for employment. Ms. Doe was
employed by Company Name as an Administrative Assistant from 2002 2005. Ms. Doe
was responsible for office support including word processing, scheduling
appointments and creating brochures, newsletters, and other office literature.
Ms. Doe has excellent communication skills. In addition, she is extremely organized,
reliable and computer literate. She can work independently and is able to follow
through to ensure that the job gets done. Ms. Doe is flexible and willing to work on any
project that is assigned to her. She was quick to volunteer to assist in other areas of
company operations, as well.
Ms. Doe would be a tremendous asset for your company and has my highest
recommendation.
If you have any further questions with regard to her background or qualifications,
please do not hesitate to call me.

Sincerely,
John Smith
Title
Company
Address
Phone
Email
 LESSON 12

Vocabulary: Profit and loss accounts

Grammar: Modals
Reading comprehension: Motivation at work
Writing: Letter of inquiry
Vocabulary: Profit and loss accounts

Parker Publishing Group Plc

Summary Profit and Loss Account
Audited for the year to March 31st 2007
million
__________________________________________________________________________
Income
Revenue from main business, magazine publishing: 228
Revenue from other activities: 17
Total turnover: 245
__________________________________________________________________________
Expenses
Pay and other employee costs: 69
Depreciation of fixed assets: 3
Selling and marketing costs: 38
Other operational costs: 61
Total operating costs: 171
__________________________________________________________________________
Profits
Operating profit: 157
Profit from sale of fixed assets: 6
Net interest payable: 2
Profit before tax: 149
Tax: 32
Profit after tax: 117
Shareholder dividends: 55
Profit retained in the business: 62

Earnings per share: 17.4p

A. Match the words from the account summary with the definitions.

1. audited a. reduction in value of an asset over time

2. revenue b. money paid to shareholders
3. turnover c. asset purchased for long-term use, such as land, buildings and equipment
4. fixed asset d. after any deductions
5. depreciation e. accounts checked by an independent examiner
6. net f. a person who has invested in the company through buying shares
7. shareholder g. income
8. dividend h. total income
B. Look at the account summary, and answer true or false.

1. Turnover is income after outgoings have been deducted. TRUE / FALSE

2. Salaries and wages were the only major operating cost. TRUE / FALSE
3. Depreciation of fixed assets seriously reduced operating profits. TRUE / FALSE
4. Parker Publishing spent a lot on sales and marketing. TRUE / FALSE
5. The company sold some assets. TRUE / FALSE
6. Nearly all the profits went to the shareholders. TRUE / FALSE
7. Dividends were only 17.4p per shareholder. TRUE / FALSE
8. It was a very bad year for Parker Publishing. TRUE / FALSE

C. Choose the best words to fill the spaces.

1. The year to March 31st can also be called the year __________ March 31st.
a. finishing b. ending c. terminating
2. Another term for "main business" is __________ business.
a. central b. first c. core
3. A company which makes a profit can be described as profitable or __________.
a. profit-getting b. profit-making c. profit-having
4. A company which makes a loss can be described as __________.
a. loss-getting b. loss-making c. loss-having
5. "Profit before tax" can also be called __________.
a. pre-tax profit b. without-tax profit c. non-tax profit
6. Another word for shareholders (especially in American English) is __________.
a. ticket-holders b. stockholders c. paper-holder
7. Another word for "operating costs" is __________.
a. overheads b. headings c. heads
8. A company which makes neither a profit or a loss is said to __________.
a. fall even b. drop even c. break even
Grammar: Can, could, couldnt, will, be able to

I Complete the sentences with can, could or couldnt and the verbs in brackets.

II Use the words in brackets to complete each sentence with can, cant, could or couldnt
III Complete the sentences using managed to be able to

IV Make questions asking for permission

Reading comprehension: Motivation at work

I Make a list of things that are important when choosing a job. E.g. earning a lot of money, working
for a big company, helping other people etc
II Why do people choose these jobs?
a teacher b banker c doctor engineer
III Read about the quotes from two people talking about their jobs. Which one is motivated by
1.helping other people? _____________________
2. earning a lot of money? ____________________

Marrie, accountant
I work in the finance department of a large company. There are a lot of benefits. For example, if the
company makes a profit, all the employees get a bonus. Theres also a profit share, but thats only for
managers. I have a company car and I also travel abroad quite a lot always business class and on
expenses of course. We also get pension, and private health insurance. The company pays for its staff
to go on training courses to develop their professional skills. And we get free membership of the local
gym. There are also rewards: its hard work, but I get a lot of satisfaction from it. People recognize it
if you do a good job, so there are good prospects for promotion.

Tom, physiotherapist
I work for the health service. There are a lot of rewards: the main one is job satisfaction. I get a real
sense of achievement when someone says thank you. You know youre doing a worthwhile job. If
you work hard, there are opportunities for promotion. I like the responsibility of making a difference
to peoples lives. There are some benefits. We dont get bonuses or anything like that, but theres a
very good pension. The health service pays for us to go on training courses, and people with children
get help with paying for childcare. If I visit patients at home, I get a travel allowance, but its not very
much.

Look at the list of thing that motivate people and thick those that motivate people:
1.pension M/T 9. travel allowance M/T
2. training M/T 10. subsidized childcare M/T
3. profit share M/T 11. job satisfaction M/T
4. expenses M/T 12. promotion M/T
5. company car M/T 13. responsibility M/T
6. business class travel M/T 14. gym membership M/T
7. private health insurance M/T 15. Doing something worthwhile M/T
8. bonus M/T
Writing: Letter of Inquiry

I When you read the example letter, write you own

From: James Dwyer

152 Elm Street
Milton Keynes, MK10 7PQ
10th June, 2010

To: William Thomson

Barclays Bank
Accounts Department
20 Queens Square
Bristol BS1 4NP

Subject: Inquiry about the bank statement

Dear Mr. Thomson

I am writing this letter in order to inquire about bank statements of my accounts held within your bank.

Usually I receive monthly statements of the accounts to my PO Box. But the statements for the last month
hadnt been sent to me for some reason.
Therefore, I kindly ask you to issue them again and I will collect them tomorrow morning from your branch.

Please, note that the statements I inquire are for the following accounts: 132-889-696 (USD) and 369-889-465
(EUR) for the period 01.04.10-01.05.10.

I need them urgently since I have to provide my auditor with the statements and all movements of the funds
on my accounts. I have been a satisfied client of your bank for over 5 years. I am sure that the fact that I
didnt get the statements last month was just an accident.

I will appreciate your prompt reactions regarding this matter.

Thanking in advance,

James Dwyer
 LESSON 13

Vocabulary: Currency 1
Grammar: Prepositions
Reading comprehension: International trade
Writing: Welcome letter
Vocabulary: Currency 1

Today's exchange rates

1 US dollar = Euro 0.82 GB Pound 0.53
1 Euro = US dollar 1.23 GB Pound 0.65
1 GB pound = US dollar 1.90 Euro 1.54

A. Which is correct? (Choose one from each group.)

1. a. There are 1.23 dollars to a Euro.
b. There are 1.23 dollars for a Euro.
c. There are 1.23 dollars to the Euro.
d. There are 1.23 dollars to a Euro.

2. a. The euro is currently at 1.23 against the dollar.

b. The euro is currently at 1.23 for the dollar.

3. a. No. 1 above is how ordinary people say it; no. 2 is how it's reported in the news
b. No. 2 above is how ordinary people say it; no. 1 is how it's reported in the news.

B. Look at the exchange rate chart, and write words or numbers into the spaces.
.
1. At the moment there are _________________ euros to the pound.
2. The pound is standing _________________ _________________ against the dollar.
3. You'll get just _________________ two dollars to the pound.
4. A dollar is worth just _________________ fifty pence.
5. How many euros will I _________________ for 100?
6. How much is $39.95 _________________ pounds?
7. I'd like to change these pounds _________________ euros please.
8. I'd like to exchange these pounds _________________ euros please.
Grammar: Prepositions

A. Fill in the correct time prepositions.

1. Peter is playing tennis . Sunday.

2. My brother's birthday is . the 5th of November.
3. My birthday is . May.
4. We are going to see my parents.the weekend.
5. .1666, a great fire broke out in London.
6. I don't like walking alone in the streets .night.
7. What are you doing . the afternoon?
8. My friend has been living in Canada .two years.
9. I have been waiting for you . seven o'clock.
10. I will have finished this essay . Friday.

B. Fill the gaps with the correct prepositions.

1. We live . London.
2. Would you like to go .the cinema tonight?
3. No, thanks. I was . the cinema yesterday.
4. We are going .holiday next week.
5. There is a bridge . the river.
6. The flight .London . Belgrade was via Frankfurt.
7. .my wall, there are many picture postcards.
8. Who is the person . this picture?

9. Come . the sitting room, we want to watch TV.

10. Munich lies 530 meters . sea level.

C. Fill the gaps with the correct preposition.

1. He's ____ the hospital, having a heart operation.
a) in b) at

2. Our seats are ____ the front row.

a) in b) at

3. They want to ban smoking ____ public places completely.

a) in b) at

4. The shop's _____ High Street.

a) in b) at

5. I left it ____ the classroom.

a) in b) at

6. The market's ____ front of the old cinema.

a) in b) at

7. She is _____ the front of the queue.

a) in b) at

8. Their house is ____ the end of the road.

a) in b) at

9. The concert was very full and we had to stand ____ the back of the auditorium.
a) in b) at

10. He should be ____ work by now.

a) in b) at

11. I spent the morning reading ____ my garden.

a) in b) at

12. The children were ____ the playground.

a) in b) at

D. Complete the exercise with the correct prepositions - Bus travel

If you want to go bus, you have to go the bus stop. You look the time table.
Then you wait your bus. When the bus arrives, you get the bus. You buy a ticket
the driver or show your ticket the driver. When you arrive your destination,
you get the bus. Sometimes you even have to change buses another bus stop.

E. Complete the exercise with the correct prepositions. McDonalds

The first McDonalds restaurant was opened Dick and Mac McDonald the 15th
May 1940. The best selling products their restaurant were hamburgers. So the McDonald
brothers thought a way to produce hamburgers more quickly. This was introduced
1948 and became known as the Speedee Service System. The first franchised McDonalds restaurant
was opened 1953, and today you can find
McDonalds restaurants more than 100 countries. The meats for the burgers vary the
culture the country. Franchisees and future managers of McDonalds restaurants are
trained Hamburger University,
which is located Oak Brook, a suburb Chicago. McDonalds is also known its
sponsorship various international sport events.
Reading comprehension: International trade

I Think of things that you have in your home, school, work, e.g. a TV, fridge, computer and say what
are the names of companies that made them.

II Read the text and correct the statements below.

International trade is when companies from one country sell their products in other countries. For
example, the UK, produces cars, machinery, oil, and chemicals, which it exports to overseas markets.
Other British exports include services like banking and travel. These earn foreign currency for the
UK. Imports to the UK include cars, food and electrical goods.

Many companies set up subsidiaries overseas, either for manufacturing, or for distribution, or both.
These companies are called multinationals- Shell, Ford and Sony are examples. Most multinational
companies think global and act local. This means that they try to understand and cater for the
needs of every market they sell in.

International trade means that there are more companies competing with each other to sell their
products. This means lower prices, which is good because the pay less and have more choice.
Producers, however, make less profit. Multinational companies often look for ways to reduce their
costs, for example, by manufacturing their products in countries where labour costs are cheap.

Changes in the exchange rate can make a company more or less competitive. The exchange rate is the
amount of one currency needed to buy another currency. For example, in 2002, one British pound
bought about 200 Japanese yen, so exchange rate was 1:200. If the exchange rate falls, exports become
cheaper, so companies become more competitive.

1. British companies dont sell overseas.

2. Multinational companies sell the same products in different markets.
3. Increased competition is good for producers and bad for customers.
4. Changes in the exchange rate are not important in international trade.

III Match the highlighted words from the text with their definitions and then translate them in your
own language.
a) what a company pays for its workers? ___________ _______________________________________
b) the type of money used in another country for market _________ _____________________________
c) the value of one currency compared to another __________ ___________________________________
d) smaller companies that are a part of large companies ____________ ____________________________
e) companies that operate in more than one country ___________ ________________________________
f) things produced in your country and sold in another countries __________ _____________________
g) places abroad where you can sell your products _________ ___________________________________
h) things produced in other countries and sold in your country __________ _______________________
Writing: Welcome letter

Read the example letter and write your own letter

Prof. Christina McEwen

European Society of Criminology
Institute of Criminology and Penal Law
University of Lausanne
CH-1015 Lausanne
Switzerland

September 21st to September 24th, 2011

Subject: 11th Annual Conference of the European Society of Criminology

It is a great pleasure to welcome you to the 11th Annual Conference of the European Society of Criminology
"Rethinking Crime and Punishment in Europe" which is hosted by Brussels University, the Law Institute of
Belgium, the Centre for Crime Prevention in Belgium and the Belgium Association of Criminology here in the
picturesque city of Brussels.

Through keynote speeches by outstanding scholars and many parallel sessions, the Conference presents an overview
of the latest developments in criminology, both in theoretical fields and in the areas of application and management.

Hope you will enjoy participating in this extraordinary event.

Sincerely,

Christina McEwen

Conference Coordinator
Tel: +41 26 672 42 39
Fax: +41 26 682 43 73
E-mail: secretariat@esc-eurocrim.org
 LESSON 14

Vocabulary: Currency 2
Grammar: Passive Voice
Reading comprehension: What is marketing?
Writing: A market report
Vocabulary: Currency 2

A. Put the words into the spaces below.

black market hard currency pegged stability transactions convertible

cost of living denominations Eurozone legal tender monetary unit rounding up

A soft currency

The Kzarnian florint is not 1_______________ outside the Republic of Kzarnia. Until recently, the official
exchange rate was KF20 to the US dollar, although the 2_______________ rate was at least double that.
However, last month the government 3_______________ the currency to the dollar at a lower level, and the gap
between the official and unofficial rates has narrowed. The official rate currently stands at around KF35.
Despite the improved 4_______________ of the currency, most major 5_______________ within the country are
still carried out in 6_______________. Tourists may never even see a Kzarnian florint, as all goods and services
they are likely to require can be paid for in euros or US dollars.

B. Look at the article. Are the following sentences true or false?

1. The Kzarnian florint can be bought in any bureau de change that has them in stock. TRUE / FALSE
2. At the moment, the black market rate is only slightly better than the official rate. TRUE / FALSE
3. KZ are mostly used for small everyday transactions. TRUE / FALSE
4. In Kzarnia, you can pay for you hotels, restaurants and taxi drivers in any hard currency. TRUE / FALSE

C. Put the words into the spaces below.

cost of living denominations Eurozone legal tender monetary unit rounding up

A hard currency

The euro is the 1_______________ of the majority of countries within the European Union. Notes come in
2_______________ of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 euros. The currency was introduced on 1st January 2002, and
shortly afterwards the national currencies of the countries in the 3_______________ ceased to be
4_______________. One effect of the introduction of the euro was "euro inflation", with the 5_______________
rising sharply as a result of the 6_______________ of prices.
Grammar: Passive voice

I. Rewrite the sentences in passive voice present continuous

1. Liz is drinking a cup of tea. ..

2. My father is washing the car..

3. Farmer James is milking the cows.....

4. She is taking a picture of him........

5. He is writing a book.......

II. Rewrite the sentences in passive voice simple present

1. He drives a car...

2. She makes lunch...

3. They look after children at weekends only...

4. I feed the dog twice a day ....

5. They clean windows every month ...

III Put the verbs from the box in passive voice and complete the sentences.
IV Put in the correct active or passive form of verbs in brackets.

V Change the active sentences into passive.

Reading comprehension: What is Marketing?

I Before you start answer the questions:

1) What is marketing and why is it important?

II Read this article and match the questions 1-6 with the paragraphs a-f.

1. How do I meet my objectives? ____

2. What do I want to achieve? ____
3. What is marketing? ____
4. How do I communicate my message? ____
5. How do I find out this information? ____

a) Marketing is finding out about customers and competitors so that you can provide the right
product at the right price.

b) Think about the people you want to: your target market. Different products have different target
markets. For example, Swatch and Rolex watches. Questions to ask are:
* Who are my customers?
* What is the size of the market?
* Is it possible for the market to get bigger?
* What about product awareness? Do people know about my products?

c) You find out these information through market research. Market research uses interviews to find
out about peoples attitudes, and questionnaires to find out about their shopping habits.

d) When you know who your customers are, and how big your market is, the next step is to set your
objectives. Do you want to increase sales? To increase market shares? Or to make your products
different from the competition?

e) Next, think about the strategy for meeting your objective. If your objective is to increase market
share: you could find new customers by making your product more attractive, take customers from
your competitors or persuade your customers to use more of ypurproduct.

f) How will you make your strategy work? What message do you want to send? There are many
types of promotion and its important to choose the right one, e.g. advertising on TV, in newspapers,
etc..direct marketing by post (mail shots), telesales-selling to customers on the phone, point of sale
material in shops, free samples or special offers.
Now you are ready to launch your product in the market. Good luck!
III Match the highlighted words from the text with their definitions.

1) ways of telling people about your products _______________________

2) the part of the total market that buys your products _______________________
3) knowledge of your companys products _______________________
4) other companies that sell similar products _______________________
5) finding out about the market _______________________
6) to introduce a new product to the market _______________________
7) the kind of people you are interested in selling to _______________________
8) a plan to use in order to achieve something _______________________

Writing: A marketing report

Draw up a marketing report with information under these headings:

*Product name:
*Target market:
*Objective:
*Strategy:
*Promotion:
 LESSON 15

Vocabulary: International payments

Grammar: Indirect Speech
Reading comprehension: Advertising and promotion
Writing: Confirmation letter
Vocabulary: International payments

Four methods of payment for imports/exports

advance payment bill of exchange

documentary credit (or letter of credit) open account

a. ________________________________
The exporter sends the goods and 1 documents / papers to the foreign buyer. The buyer
pays the invoice when the goods arrive, or within a certain period from the invoice date.
This can be risky, as the exporter trusts the buyer to 2 respect / honour the original sales
contract.

b. _______________________________
A foreign bank issues 3 a promise / an undertaking to the exporter (through a bank in
the exporter's country) to pay for the goods as long as the exporter 4 matches / complies
with the conditions of the contract. This is a much safer form of payment for the exporter.
To be even safer, the exporter can arrange for the bank in his/her country to 5 act as / be
"confirming bank", which means that the bank in the exporter's country is responsible for
the transaction.

c. _______________________________
A 6 legally-binding / legally-holding agreement that the importer will, on acceptance of
the bill, pay the exporter for the goods. The risks are that the importer does not accept
the bill even though the goods have arrived, or 7 doesn't pay / dishonours an accepted
bill when it 8 matures / is time to pay.

d. _______________________________
The exporter does not 9 send / dispatch the goods until payment has been received from
the importer. There is no risk for the exporter - all the risk is 10 taken by / with the
importer.

B. Put words below into the spaces in the sentences.

bill of lading consignments courier defer forwarded import duty issuing bank
payment on delivery penalty release remit remittance shipment shipped
tariffs title vessel wire

1. We are expecting two ___________________ of computer printers from China.

2. Another word for a consignment is a ___________________, even if it doesn't travel on a ship.
3. The consignment ___________________ ten days ago. I'm surprised you haven't received it yet.
4 A detailed list of a ship's cargo is called a ___________________.
5. Another word for ship is ___________________.
6. In many cases, when goods are imported, an ___________________ has to be paid.
7. Another word for import duties is ___________________.
8. A document proving that you own a consignment of goods is called a ___________________ to the goods.
9. After payment, the bank will ___________________ the title to the goods.
10. The bank took a long time to ___________________ payment to my account.
11. If we don't deliver on time, we'll have to pay a late-delivery ___________________
12. We would like to ___________________ payment until delivery of the shipment.
13. We usually ask our customers for ___________________.
14. If there's a problem with the letter of credit, I suggest you contact the ___________________.
15. The quickest way to send money to another country is to ___________________ it, for example, by Western Union.
16. Thank you for sending the ___________________ by Western Union. I collected it this morning.
17. An effective way to ship consignments is to use a ___________________ such as UPS, DHL or FedEx.
18. The exporter's bank has ___________________ the bill of exchange to the importer's bank.

Grammar: Participles, Gerund and Infinitives

A. Which form is correct? (Present Participle or Past Participle)

1. I am very interested/interesting in history.

2. The party was boring/bored.

3. I was bored/boring to death.

4. The barking/barked dog kept us awake at night.

5. Did you see Justin dance/dancing?

6. Run/running away from the castle, Cinderella lost a shoe.

7. History is very interesting/interested.

8. The car race was excited/exciting.

9. Exciting/excited about their birthday party, the girls could not sleep.

10. He was sitting on the floor playing/played the guitar.

B. Choose the correct form (infinitive with or without to or gerund).

1. My friends encouraged me apply/ to apply / applying for this job.

2. I didn't mean hurt/to hurt/hurting your feelings.

3. I must apologize for be/to be/being late. .

4. The job involves prepare/to prepare/preparing reports for the management.

5. He refused betray/to betray/betraying his friends.

6. Dont you dare talk/to talk/talking to me like that!

7. Do you happen have/to have/having any money with you?

8. Do you enjoy sing/to sing/singing?

9. If you have any questions, don't hesitate call/to call/calling me.

10. I am looking forward to see /seeing you again soon

C. Fill in the correct participle form. (Present Participle, Past Participle or Perfect Participle)

1. He was sitting in an armchair (read). a magazine.

2. (work) .in the company for many years, he knew everyone and everything.

3. The cup (fill) . with milk stood on the table.

4. (not see).each other for ages, they had a lot to talk about.

5. (be) .the child of poor people, he often went to bed hungry.

6. (regret) .his words, he apologised.

7. Well (do) ., we are very proud of you.

8. (park) .the car, he went to a restaurant.

9. (watch) .the film a dozen times, she knew the dialogues by heart.

10. I go (swim) . at the local sports centre once a week.

Reading comprehension: Advertising and promotion

I Answer the questions: which type of advertising is the most productive and which is the most
expensive: newspapers, flyers, TV, direct mail, website, posters.

II Read the business information and match the questions 1-4 with paragraphs a-d.

a) What does it say?

b) Why are you advertising?
c) Where will you advertise?
d) Who is it for?

Choosing the right advertising for your product or service is really important. Here are some tips.

1. Understand your customers. Find out who they are their age, interests, lifestyles, income, buying
habits). Find out what is the best way to reach them. Which newspapers do they read? Which TV
programmes do they watch?

2. what do you want your advertising to achieve? What is its purpose? Do you want to inform people
about your products or service? Do you want them to buy it, or see it in a different way? What is its
USP (unique selling point)?

3. Keep your message simple and clear. Say just one thing, e.g. This is new, This I better, This
makes life easier. Make sure you have a headline that is eye-catching. Make sure the text tells the
customer everything you want them to know.

4. Choose a method that will reach your target market. Its no good having a brilliant advertisement if
the right people dont see it. Its useless to tell five million people about something that only 100,000
people need to know: banks dont use TV to tell existing customers about a new kind of account.
Writing: Confirmation letter

To: Andreas Radtke From: Stephen Long

Lentzeallee 8/14 Bookings Manager
14195 Berlin Britannia Hotel
Germany New Street, Birmingham,
B2
4RX England

21st May, 2010

Subject: Confirmation of booking

Dear Mr Radtke

We are pleased to inform you that your reservation for a single room for 27th -30th May, breakfast
included, has been confirmed.

During the stay in our hotel you can use the gym, spa and pool area (charges are included in the
room fee).

Kindly inform us whether you need someone to meet you at the airport as we can provide this
service as well.

For further inquires and assistance, please feel free to contact us.

Looking forward to meeting you here.

Sincerely,
Stephen Long

Write your own letter where you will confirm your stay during a conference you are attending on
21st May 2014.
 LIST OF IRREGULAR VERBS

simple form past past participle

1. beat beat beaten

2. become became become
3. begin began begun
4. bend bent bent
5. bet bet bet
6. bite bit bitten
7. bleed bled bled
8. blow blew blown
9 break broke broken
10. bring brought brought
11. build built built
12. buy bought bought
13. catch caught caught
14. choose chose chosen
15. come came come
16. cost cost cost
17. cut cut cut
18. dig dug dug
19. do did done
20. draw drew drawn
21. drink drank drunk
22. drive drove driven
23. eat ate eaten
24. fall fell fallen
25. feed fed fed
26. feel felt felt
27. fight fought fought
28. find found found
29. fly flew flown
30. forget forgot forgotten
31. forgive forgave forgiven
32 freeze froze frozen
33 get got gotten
34 give gave given
35 go went gone
36 hang (up) hung hung
37 have had had
38 hear heard heard
39. hide hid hidden
40. hit hit hit
41. hold held held
42. hurt hurt hurt
43. keep kept kept
44. know knew known
45. lay laid laid
46. lead led led
47. leave left left
48. lend lent lent
49. let let let
50. lie (down) lay lain
51. light lit lit
52. lose lost lost
53. make made made
54. mean meant meant
55. meet met met
56. pay paid paid
57. put put put
58. quit quit quit
59. read read read
60. ride rode ridden
61. ring rang rung
62. rise rose risen
63. run ran run
64. say said said
65. see saw seen
66. sell sold sold
67. send sent sent
68. set set set
69. shake shook shaken
70 shine shone shone
71. shoot shot shot
72. shrink shrank shrunk
73. shut shut shut
74. sing sang sung
75. sink sank sunk
76. sit sat sat
77. sleep slept slept
78. slide slid slid
79. speak spoke spoken
80. spend spent spent
81 spin spun spun
82. stand stood stood
83. steal stole stolen
84. stick stuck stuck
85. sting stung stung
86. swear swore sworn
87. sweep swept swept
88. swim swam swum
89. take took taken
90. teach taught taught
 91. tear tore torn
92. tell told told
93. think thought thought
94. throw threw thrown
95. understand understood understood
96. wake woke woken
97. wear wore worn
98. win won won
99 wind wound wound
100. write wrote written
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Marks J. (2007). Check your English Vocabulary: Banking and Finance. A & C Black Publishers Ltd 38 Soho
Square, London W1D 3HB.

Wood N. (2003). Business and Commerce. Oxford University Press.

Evans D. (2000). Business English Verbs. Pearson Education Limited.

Hill V. (2012). Tekstovi i vebanja. Modern Business School: Belgrade.