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Abstract- This paper presents a single phase multilevel inverter with flexible AC transmission system with the help of FACT capability.
D-STATCOM capability. The proposed inverter is located in between The main aim of this system is to eliminate the use of capacitors and
the source and distributed energy systems which increase the number FACT devices to PF correction of distribution energy system. The
of levels in inverter to improve the performance of system. The
designed inverter is placed in between the wind turbine and the grid
designed inverter armed with distributed static synchronous
same as regular wind energy inverter to regulate the active and
compensator to control the power factor of system and will reduce the
use of extra capacitors and flexible Ac transmission system (FACTS)
reactive power of wind to grid by using this new technique. This
devices to control power factor of the distribution systems. There are desired technique is introduced to increase the use of maximum
various energy sources which use renewable energy like wind energy, renewable energy in to the distribution systems. So this system is
solar energy, biomass etc. This proposed system is used to regulate reduce the cost of renewable energy system by using this technique
active and reactive power at desire level. Concerning good power because not use this extra capacitor and FACT devices to reduce the
quality, minimum total harmonic distortion is one of the most cost of system. The main aim of this paper is to supply the active
important requirements from multilevel inverter. This paper presents and reactive power of wind side to the grid side by using this
the minimum total harmonic distortion in 13-level inverter with D
inverter plus OSTATCOM system and regulate active power by
STATCOM capability and also keeping the constant power factor. The
adjusting the power angle and reactive power by modulation
result gives for all possible solutions and FFT analysis, switching
strategy, computational time has been analysed in MATLAB
index .The general topology is used in this technique is MMC
simulation environment. modular multilevel converter to collect the all information and
record of this THO total harmonic distortion, efficiency and amount
of whole system. The total system work steady and constant PF. The
Keywords- Multilevel inverter, D-STATCOM device (Distributed static
simulation of this multilevel inverter is simulated using MATLAB
synchronous compensator), Modular multilevel converter topology, Wind
software. The proposed designed inverter with OSTATCOM is
energy system, THD (Total harmonic distortion)
connected with parallel to the system in between the wind turbine
I. INTRODUCTION and grid side.
The lack of energy is a big problem now days and to face those
problems customers have to produce there required energy by using
different renewable energy sources. There are some renewable II. PRESENT THEORIES AND PRACTICES
energy sources are available such as wind energy, photovoltaic There are several research are done on implementation of multilevel
energy, hydrogen fuel cell, tidal energy and geothermal energy. This inverters with FACTS capabilities. Some of these are
resource helps to economic condition and less human power but to
produce new energy source related fossil fuels require large amount The perception of renewable energy in distribution system is
of resources. The power electronics devices are used in distribution increase. There are a lot of single phase lines in u.S. which power
systems. The power electronics devices are used for the conversion small farms or remote houses. This information is collecting by
of renewable or non-conventional form of energy into power grids wind or solar industry annual market report year ending 2010-
in the form of voltage and frequency. Power electronics converter Il washington, DC, USA in [1], [2]. Consumers have capability to
is used to do the work with high efficiency and better power quality. produce their required energy using small to medium size wind
There are different types of converters. Modular multilevel turbine. The increasing the number of small to medium size wind
converter topology is used for high power reliability; eliminate turbine which makes several problems for local services like
harmonics and improving power factor. harmonics and power factor issues. The author S.A.Rahman in [3]
discussed about directory of FACTS applications for grid
In this paper new idea is implemented for single phase renewable integration of wind and solar power systems. The author
source like wind energy. In this AC transmission system used the A.Beekman in [4] introduced commercial wind energy convertors
FACTS devices for controlling and PF correction purpose or with FACTS capabilities but he had not introduced any detailed
protection of our system and to regulate the active and reactive information or mathematical base in form regarding the system
power.so that to design and implement the wind energy inverter to
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Aniket R et al: A 13-Levellnverter with D-STATCOM Capability for Distributed Energy Systems
efficiency or the topology used for converters. The author Jose III. THE MA[N CONF[GURAT[ON OF DES[GN [NVERTER
Rodriguez in [5] presented advantages and disadvantages of WITH DSTATCOM CAPABILITY
important different modulation methods such as sinusoidal pulse
width modulation (PWM), selective harmonic elimination,
optimized harmonic stepped waveform technique and space vector
modulation also discussed and associate. The author also presented
different topologies like diode clamped inverter; capacitor clamped
and cascaded multilevel with separate dc source.
The author F.Z.peng in [6] discussed about a multilevel voltage
source inverter with separate dc sources for high power application
or static var generation. The external dc source is used for the
FACTS capability. The main reason is that it is simple to obtain a
multilevel inverter, which can help to connect STATCOM directly
to medium voltage grids. The inverter produces almost sinusoidal
waveform voltage with only one time switching. These inverters or
harmonic neutralizing magnetics equipment's are very expensive
and also 40-50% power loss problem has occurred in system. Over
voltage problems, saturation of transformers in transient condition
I I I
and failure occurred in system to overcome these difficulties the Fig. 1. Complete configuration of proposed system
author presents a new diode clamped multilevel inverter for SVG
applications. This diode clamped multilevel inverter method
eliminates the transformer in the multilevel inverter. Complete configuration of proposed system consists of inverter
which is placed in between the wind turbine side and the grid side
The author Burhan Gultekin in [7] proposed cascaded like distribution side. The proposed system control the active and
multilevel converter depend on T-STATCOM systems also develop reactive power by this technique.in which the active power transfer
the II-level CMC block for 154 KV T-STATCOM system to obtain to the wind side to ac to convert dc by rectifier and MPPT then dc
at point of common coupling by harmonic elimination and optimal power from the dc link to convert ac by inverter plus DSTATCOM
design of active filter but inappropriately choosing this method the and then this power transfer to active filter to reduces the harmonics
generation leads voltage spikes overlaid on line to neutral and line and again transfer to distribution system to fix the PF by using the
to line CMC voltage. The author R.K.Varma in [8], [9] discussed FACT device and distribution transformer.
about photovoltaic solar inverter as STATCOM is to regulate
voltage on three phase power system and improving the transient There are various modulation methods to use in distribution
stability and power transfer limit. The author said that this proposed system likes sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM), carrier
system is PV-STATCOM. Similar to wind farms solar farms pulse width modulation (CPWM), total harmonic distortion (THO),
sluggish during nights. So that they are not able to generate active efficiency and cost of total system. Moreover optimised stepped
power. wave and space vector technique is also used in this system. The
To overcome above mentioned problems the author pedram main component of this system is modular multilevel converter
sotoodeh and Ruth miller proposed system having configuration of MMC, by adding H-bridge and full-bridge sub modules in which the
11- level inverter with FACTS capability. [t utilizes modular cascade SMs is used but hybrid clamped topology is used in
multilevel converter topology of proposed wind energy inverter for proposed scheme. The main drawback of designed inverter is to
HVDC applications. This inverter plus D-STATCOM is placed drawn current which has substantial variation. This problem is not
between wind turbine and grid side to eliminate the use of separate controllable and associated with snubber circuit is suggested by
capacitor banl<- or extra FACTS device to fix the power factor of author.
distribution side. The complete configuration of this system will use
multiple level inverters depending on the size of power system to The main approach of snubber circuit is to control rate of
reach desired power factor which regulate active and reactive power. change of voltage and current by RC network because in switching
The exclusive work of this author is to use (MMC) modular time i.e. when switch is on there is sudden change in current and at
multilevel converter topology for single phase voltage source the time of switch off the voltage increases. The use of snubber
inverter. The figure 1 shows that complete grid connected mode of circuit gives advantage of cost effectiveness so as to overcome the
inverter. And dc link of inverter is connected to the wind turbine use of extra capacitors and FACT devices. Hence main design of
through rectifier and its output is connected to utility grid through wind energy inverter is to employ MMC technique to regulate the
series connected proposed inverter and transformer. role of HVDC presentation.
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20161nternational Conference on Computation of Power, Energy Information and Communication (ICCPEIC)
12 12
Vdc L(SuiVci)+L(SuiVci)+(Vll+V12)
= (3)
Sc -l
c
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Aniket R et al: A 13-Levellnverter with D-STATCOM Capability for Distributed Energy Systems
2
mEsELcosa - EL
Qs=---------== (8)
X
Where ' m' is the modulation index value which is important factor
of reactive power recompense and to fix the power factor in
between wind and grid. There are numerous assumptions while
designing control system. First is load on feeder line is resolution
for small period of time. Second assumption is the active and
reactive power of feeder line is constant. And third is very important
the changes in modulation index and power angle delta are affected
on reactive and active power respectively.
The relation between the target PF and reactive power is
(9)
Where the 'PG' is the active power on the grid and 'QT' is target
reactive power. So that the target reactive power for the target PFT
is
(10)
Fig.4. schematic diagram of control system
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20161nternationa1 Conference on Computation of Power, Energy Information and Communication (ICCPEIC)
15mH
LLine
RI"ine 10hm
Lrllter 5mH
Transformer primary voltage 12000V
Transformer secondary voltage 600V
Switching frequency 2kHz
Load active power 50kW
Load reactive power 34.8kVAR
Target PF 0.99
DC link voltage 2000V
This waveform shows that the active and reactive power of the
wind turbine to regulate the active power from the wind to grid by
after the compensation of reactive power to maintain the PF 0.82 to
0.90 after the inverter starts. After the time 6 sec the output of the
Fig.6.control system in MATLAB wind increases and the decreases the feeder line active power
The simulation result of this design inverter by using MMC
structure is finding by MATLAB software. So that results is carried
out by various Simulink model design. Thus for this
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Aniket R et al: A 13-Levellnverter with D-STATCOM Capability for Distributed Energy Systems
The below waves shows the power angle delta and modulation
index by controlling the active and reactive power respectively.
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20161nternationa1 Conference on Computation of Power, Energy Information and Communication (ICCPEIC)
REFERENCES
111 U.S. Solar Market Insight, 2010 Year End Review Executive
Summary, SEIA, Washington, DC, USA, 20 I I.
121 AWEA U.S. Wind Industry Annual Market Report Year Ending
2010,AWEA, Washington, DC, USA, 201l.
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