Practice 1

Read the following description of candy manufacturing process. Fill in the blanks using present
passive.

1 A candy is long, thin, and bent at the top which normally resembles a walking cane. It
typically peppermint flavoured and decorated with stripes. These candies are made using a batch
process, which involves four main stages which are making the batch, working the candy,
extrusion and candy forming.

2 The first step of production involves making the batch by blending the ingredients
together in a large vessel. Typically, a stainless steel kettle _______________(use) that is
equipped with automatic mixers. Ingredients can be poured or pumped into the batch by workers
known as compounders. At this step, the water, sugar, corn syrup, and other processing
ingredients __________________ (combine). They are then heated to over 300F (141.5C) and
allowed to cook until they form amber liquid.

3 Next, stage includes working the candy. While the amber liquid is still hot, the sugar
mixture________________ (pour) on water-cooled tables. The candy cools slightly and
______________(send) to the working machines. These devices ________________(equip) with
arms that stretch the candy repeatedly until it looks silky white. While the candy is being
stretched, a line worker adds the proper amount of flavouring. Also, colouring may be added at
this point. Another worker then takes a large portion (95 lb [43 kg]) of the warm candy and
forms it into a loaf. Part of the loaf________________ (put) off to the side, dyed, and cut into
strips. For the traditional candy cane, this portion _________________(dye) red. It will become
the red stripes in the final product. Following that, the 4 in-long (10 cm) red strips
___________________(press) at set intervals into the white loaf.

4 The loaf can then be sent to the extrude machines to convert it into a candy cane. The
loaf passes through the extruder and comes out the other side on a conveyor as a long strand of
candy. The strand runs under cutters that slice it at set intervals to produce individual candies.
They ________________(pass) through a device that bends the candy. Since the candy is still
slightly warm it can still be shaped as desired. Some extruders can handle over 2,000 lb (907 kg)
of candy an hour.

5 After the candy cane_______________ (form), it is put into its packaging. Some
manufacturers wrap the candy cane in a clear plastic. This is done right as it is exiting the
extruder. Then, the plastic__________________(wrap) around the candy cane and
_________________(seal) by a heat sealer.

6 In most instances, a set amount of candy canes_____________ (collect) and

___________ (box) in secondary packaging. These boxes are passed through a shrink-wrap
machine and sealed. This extra layer of packaging ensures that no moisture damages the product.
The boxes are then put into shipping containers, put on pallets, loaded on trucks, and delivered to
stores around the country.
7 Briefly, there are four main stages in candy manufacturing process. It begins with making
the batch, working the candy and ends with extrusion and candy forming.

Adapted from: http://www.madehow.com/Volume-7/Candy-Cane.html#ixzz3ebqNAdu3

Practice 2

Below is a diagram of a chocolate making process. Write a description of chocolate making

process using appropriate verb form and sequence markers. Write the description using given
helping words. Your description must consist of introduction, body and conclusion.

Cacao- grown.
Cacao pods -harvested.
Cacao pods - processed - into the key components for the chocolate - cacao
solids, cacao butter and cacao powder.
Ingredients - packed - stored.
Raw ingredients - dispatched - chocolate kitchen.
Ingredients - weighed - proportioned.
The wet ingredients - slowly melted - never - above 42c - maintain high
nutrient levels.
The dry ingredients - natural flavours - added.
Everything - mixed by hand- poured into moulds.
The chocolate - set - refrigerator - packaged - boxes - ready.
Practice 3

Below is a flow chart of plastic recycling process. Write a description of plastic recycling
process using appropriate verb form and sequence markers. Write the description using given
helping word (s). Your description must consist of introduction, body and conclusion.

Storing and
Collecting
washing
Sorting

Shredding
Labelling Testing and Grading

Extruding

Manufacturing