E Book December 2016

General Knowledge Today
Current Affairs: December 2016 [Date-

wise Compendium]
Published Date: January 6, 2017

Published by: GKTODAY.IN
GKToday 2017 | All Rights Reserved
Suitable for Bank Probationary, Bank Clerical, IBPS Recruitment, NDA, CDS,
LIC/GIC, Railways, SSC, UGC and state / UPSC preliminary Examination.
Current Aairs: December 2016 [Date-wise Compendium]
Contents
Month Highlights: December, 2016 ................................................................................................................ 3
December 1, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................. 23
UK scientists allow three-parent babies mitochondrial gene therapy ............................................ 23
Union Cabinet approves simplication of Visa regime ..................................................................... 24
Union Cabinet approves Rehabilitation Package for displaced families from PoKJ, Chhamb
................................................................................................................................................................ 24
Union Cabinet approves Indias negotiating position adopted at Kigali conference to Montreal
Protocol ............................................................................................................................................... 25
India inks Rs 5,000 crore defence deal with US to buy 145 M777 howitzers .......................... 26
About Ultra-Light Howitzers (ULH) artillery Guns .......................................................................... 26
NITI Aayog constitutes Chandrababu Naidu Committee to promote cashless society, digital
economy .............................................................................................................................................. 26
Terms of Reference of the Committee ................................................................................................ 27
Benets of digitization of payments ...................................................................................................... 27
SC makes national anthem mandatory in cinema halls .................................................................... 27
Petition ......................................................................................................................................................... 27
Supreme Order .......................................................................................................................................... 28
Union Cabinet approves inclusion of 15 new castes in Central OBC list ...................................... 28
Key Facts ..................................................................................................................................................... 28
About National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) ......................................................... 28
December 2, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................ 29
Magnus Carlsen wins 2016 Chess Championship title ..................................................................... 29
About Magnus Carlsen ............................................................................................................................ 29
UNESCO includes Yoga in Intangible Cultural Heritage list ........................................................... 29
About UNESCOs list of Intangible Cultural Heritage ...................................................................... 30
TeamIndus to launch Indias rst private moon mission in 2017 ................................................... 31
About TeamIndus ...................................................................................................................................... 31
Israeli scientists create worlds rst water-wave laser ....................................................................... 32
Trial run of Lucknow Metro agged off ............................................................................................. 32
President presents 2nd ICCR Indologist award to Prof. Yu Long Yu ............................................ 33
About Prof. Yu Long Yu .......................................................................................................................... 33
About ICCR Indologist Award ............................................................................................................... 33
Union HRD Ministry launches Vittiya Saksharata Abhiyan .............................................................. 33
BSF celebrates 51st Raising Day ............................................................................................................ 34
About Border Security Force (BSF) ..................................................................................................... 34
Delhi High Court reverses ban on xed dose combination drugs ................................................. 34
What are Fixed dose combinations (FDC) Drugs? ............................................................................ 35
December 3, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................ 35
Rakesh Asthana takes additional charge as Director of CBI ........................................................... 35
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2
About Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) ..................................................................................... 36

Hornbill Festival begins in Nagaland .................................................................................................... 36
SC approves Centres Graded Response System to tackle air pollution in Delhi-NCR ............. 37
Russian Scientist develop new cheap way to produce nuclear fuel using electricity .................. 37
UAE-based Indian girl Kehkashan Basu wins 2016 International Childrens Peace Prize ........ 38
About Kehkashan Basu ............................................................................................................................ 38
About International Childrens Peace Prize ......................................................................................... 38
Pre-historic camping site found in Ladakh .......................................................................................... 39
Mercosur revokes membership of Venezuela ..................................................................................... 39
About Mercosur ........................................................................................................................................ 39
Public Financial Management System to save interest costs of Government .............................. 40
India, Qatar inks ve agreements .......................................................................................................... 40
India-Qatar Relations ................................................................................................................................ 41
December 4, 5, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................ 41
Usain Bolt, Almaz Ayana crowned 2016 IAAF World Athlete of the year award ...................... 41
About IAAF World Athlete of the year award .................................................................................... 41
4 December: Navy Day ........................................................................................................................... 42
7th World Ayurveda Congress held in Kolkata ................................................................................. 42
Assams Hailakandi becomes 1st district to pay cashless transactions wages .............................. 42
RBI to introduce new 20 & 50 rupee currency notes ...................................................................... 43
CERT-In warns micro-ATMs against malware attacks ................................................................... 43
Stanpan Suraksha app launched to promote breastfeeding ............................................................ 44
6th Heart of Asia conference held in Amritsar, Punjab ................................................................... 45
Amritsar Declaration ................................................................................................................................ 45
About Heart of Asia ................................................................................................................................. 46
December 6, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................... 47
Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Jayalalithaa passes away ........................................................................ 47
About J Jayalalithaa ................................................................................................................................... 47
India crosses $300 billion milestone .................................................................................................... 47
Amazon launches global startup program Launchpad in India .................................................... 48
O Panneerselvam sworn in as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu ........................................................ 49
About O Panneerselvam .......................................................................................................................... 49
India to train Vietnams Sukhoi-30 ghter pilots .............................................................................. 49
Researchers found novel route to discover new drug targets ......................................................... 50
Why these parasites are dangerous? ..................................................................................................... 50
How it was found out? ............................................................................................................................ 50
Joint maritime exercise Konkan 16 between India and UK begins ............................................... 51
DTAB suggests one-time licensing for drugs ...................................................................................... 51
Justice JS Khehar appointed as 44th Chief Justice of India ............................................................. 52
About Jagdish Singh Khehar ................................................................................................................. 52
December 7, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................ 53
3
MoES launches Winter Fog Experiment 2016-17 ............................................................................. 53

Banks to bear liability in case of online security breach: RBI .......................................................... 54
BRICS nations to share tax information automatically to eliminate tax evasion ......................... 54
IIIDEM Conducts Training on Election Management for SAARC Nations ................................. 55
About India International Institute of Democracy and Election Management (IIIDEM) .......... 56
Horse racing not animal cruelty: SC ..................................................................................................... 56
Dr. B R Ambedkars birth anniversary will be observed as Water Day ........................................ 57
Andhra Pradesh Government launches AP Purse mobile app to promote digital transactions
................................................................................................................................................................ 57
TIFR Researchers discovery challenges theory of superconductivity ............................................ 58
Remote sensing satellite Resourcesat-2A successfully launched ..................................................... 58
About Resourcesat-2A ............................................................................................................................. 59
About PSLV ................................................................................................................................................ 59
December 8, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................ 59
Union Cabinet approves MoU between India and UK to support Ease of Doing Business in
India ..................................................................................................................................................... 59
Union Cabinet approves Reforms to boost employment generation and exports in Made-ups
Sector .................................................................................................................................................. 60
Union Cabinet approves MoU between India and Afghanistan on Cooperation in the Peaceful
Uses of Outer Space .......................................................................................................................... 61
Renowned journalist Cho S Ramaswamy passes away ..................................................................... 61
About Cho S Ramaswamy ....................................................................................................................... 61
Union Cabinet approves MoU between India and Vietnam on Cooperation in IT .................... 62
Union Cabinet approves Pune Metro Rail Project Phase 1 ........................................................... 62
RBI keeps key rates unchanged in fth bi-monthly monetary policy review .............................. 63
Policy Rates ................................................................................................................................................. 63
English most powerful language in the world: WEF ......................................................................... 63
About World Power Language Index (PLI) ........................................................................................ 64
Triple talaq unconstitutional, violates rights of Muslim women: Allahabad high court ............ 64
December 9, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................ 65
John Glenn, rst American to Orbit Earth passes away ................................................................... 65
About John Glenn ..................................................................................................................................... 66
Kerala Government launches Haritha Keralam Mission .................................................................. 66
2016 India International Science Festival held in New Delhi ....................................................... 66
Union Government announces package for promotion of digital & cashless economy ........... 67
India designated as major US defence partner ................................................................................... 68
December 9: International Anti-Corruption Day .............................................................................. 69
FSSAI bans use of newspapers for packing food .............................................................................. 69
Indian Army launches Veterans Outreach App to reach out to veterans .................................. 70
Tropical Cyclonic Storm Vardah to hit Andhra Pradesh .................................................................. 71
India ranks 7th in 2016 Global Terrorism Index .............................................................................. 72
4
About Global Terrorism Index (GTI) .................................................................................................. 73

Parliamentary Standing Committee seeks transparency in appointment of judges .................... 73
December 10, 2016 .......................................................................................................................................... 73
December 10: Human Rights Day ........................................................................................................ 73
Rajasthan High Court scraps 5% quota for Gujjars .......................................................................... 74
Disabled children are illiterate due to lack of support services: Report ........................................ 74
Union Government launches DigiShala TV channel to promote digital payments .................... 75
Recommendations of Ratan Watal Committee for Digital Payments ............................................ 76
Japan successfully launches space junk collector into orbit ............................................................. 77
Union Government scraps import duty on wheat .......................................................................... 78
India, Vietnam sign Civil Nuclear deal, three other agreements .................................................... 78
December 11, 12, 2016 .................................................................................................................................... 79
Madhya Pradesh Government launches Narmada Seva Yatra ....................................................... 79
India offers tsunami warning system to SCS countries .................................................................... 79
Scientist creates Nanoceramic material for safer, cheaper nuclear reactors ............................... 80
President Pranab Mukherjee launches 100 Million for 100 Million Campaign ........................ 81
Cancel illegal salt pans in Sambhar Lake: NGT .................................................................................. 81
About Sambhar Salt Lake ....................................................................................................................... 82
Gotthard Base Tunnel, worlds longest rail tunnel starts regular service ..................................... 82
Kolkata-Mizoram trade route via Myanmar to open soon .............................................................. 85
Ammonia detected for rst time in upper Troposphere ................................................................. 86
Cristiano Ronaldo wins 2016 FIFA Ballon dOr Award ................................................................... 87
About FIFA Ballon dOr Award ............................................................................................................ 87
December 13, 2016 .......................................................................................................................................... 87
Punjab Government launches Indias rst amphibious bus project ............................................... 87
About Harike wetland ............................................................................................................................ 88
Antonio Guterres sworn in as UN Secretary General ...................................................................... 88
About Antonio Guterres ......................................................................................................................... 88
About Secretary-General of United Nations ....................................................................................... 88
India, Indonesia sign three agreements to enhance strategic partnership .................................... 89
Researchers discover mutated Atlantic killish resistant to toxic waste 8,000 times ............... 89
Union Government to launch National Resource Centre Vanjeevan for Tribal Livelihood ..... 90
Microsoft launches Indias rst Cybersecurity Engagement Centre in New Delhi ..................... 91
December 14, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................... 91
NASA building robotic spacecraft to refuel, repair satellites in orbit ............................................. 91
India becomes worlds 4th largest defence spender ......................................................................... 92
India, Russia bilateral naval exercise Indra Navy 2016 begins ....................................................... 93
6th Asia Pacic Ministerial Conference on Housing and Urban Development begins in New
Delhi .................................................................................................................................................... 94
About New Urban Agenda ..................................................................................................................... 95
About APMCHUD .................................................................................................................................... 95
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Rajya Sabha passes Rights of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2016 .................................................. 95
December 15, 2016 .......................................................................................................................................... 97
Union Cabinet approves MoU between India-Kyrgyzstan on agriculture cooperation ............ 97
Union Cabinet approves MoU between ISRO and USGS ............................................................... 97
Seventh Indo-Maldives joint military exercise EKUVERIN begins ................................................ 98
Union Cabinet approves Indias approach to climate change negotiations at COP22 to UNFCCC
............................................................................................................................................................... 98
Pakistan successfully test-res enhanced version of Babur cruise missile .................................... 99
About Babur Missile ................................................................................................................................. 99
Union Cabinet approves Major Port Trust Authorities Bill, 2016 to give autonomy to 12 major
ports ..................................................................................................................................................... 99
Union Cabinet approves MoU between Rural Development Ministry & FAO ........................... 101
About Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY -NRLM) ..... 101
PM Narendra Modi ranks 9th among worlds most powerful people list of Forbes ............... 102
About Forbes list of Worlds Most Powerful People ....................................................................... 103
Union Government launches Lucky Grahak Yojana, Digi Dhan Vyapar Yojana to promote
digital payments ............................................................................................................................... 103
Lucky Grahak Yojana ............................................................................................................................. 104
Digi Dhan Vyapar Yojana ...................................................................................................................... 104
December 16, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................ 104
e-Tourist visa extended to citizens of 161 countries: Government .............................................. 104
About E-Tourist Visa Scheme .............................................................................................................. 104
5th India-Arab partnership conference held in Muscat, Oman .................................................... 104
SC bans liquor shops on national, state highways across India .................................................... 105
Haryana becomes rst state to launch Mahila Police Volunteer initiative .................................. 106
Rio de Janeiro accorded UNESCO world heritage status ............................................................ 106
About UNESCO World Heritage Sites ............................................................................................... 106
Brexit word added in Oxford English Dictionary ....................................................................... 107
IAF personnel cannot keep beard: SC ................................................................................................ 107
Majuli set to become countrys rst ever carbon neutral district ................................................. 108
December 17, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................ 108
NTPC, NALCO ink MoU to establish a 2.4 GW power project at Gajmara, Odisha ............. 108
About National Thermal Power Corporation Limited .................................................................... 109
Devendra Fadnavis, AS Kiran Kumar and John Ralston Marr selected for SIES- National
Eminence Award ............................................................................................................................. 109
About SIES-Sri Chandrasekarendra Saraswati National Eminence Award ................................ 109
Rajasthan Government launches Annapurna Rasoi Scheme .......................................................... 110
Indian Navys eight landing craft utility L-58 launched by GRSE ................................................. 110
Union Government issues Notication of Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Pet Shop) Rules,
2016 ..................................................................................................................................................... 111
Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana comes into effect ................................................................. 112
6
Asia Pacic nations adopt New Delhi Declaration for Urban Plus approach ............................. 113
RBI opposes proposal to set up separate payments regulator ....................................................... 114
December 18, 2016 ......................................................................................................................................... 114
Air Marshal BS Dhanoa appointed Air Chief of IAF ....................................................................... 114
About Air Marshal B.S. Dhanoa ........................................................................................................... 115
Rajiv Jain appointed as new chief of Intelligence Bureau ................................................................ 115
About Intelligence Bureau (IB) ............................................................................................................. 115
China opens rst fully-owned satellite ground station near North Pole ...................................... 115
Lt Gen Bipin Rawat appointed Chief of Indian Army Chief ........................................................... 116
About Lt. Gen. Bipin Rawat ................................................................................................................... 116
Anil Dhasmana appointed as new chief of Research and Analysis Wing .................................... 117
About Anil Dhasmana ........................................................................................................................... 117
About Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) ....................................................................................... 118
India, Tajikistan ink four agreements .................................................................................................. 118
NASA successfully launches 8 mini-satellites for hurricane forecasting ...................................... 119
Jammu and Kashmir has no sovereignty: SC ..................................................................................... 119
December 19, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................ 120
Telecom Ministry to launch Tarang Sanchar portal check radiation compliance of mobile
towers ................................................................................................................................................ 120
Union Power Ministry to launch GARV-II Mobile App to monitor rural electrication
programme ........................................................................................................................................ 121
Worlds rst Goat with superne wool cloned in China ................................................................. 121
AYUSH Ministry launches Swasthya Raksha Programme .............................................................. 122
Union Government forms high-level task force on Indus Water Treaty .................................... 122
Government to set up single tribunal to arbitrate inter-State water disputes ............................ 123
Newly proposed mechanisms ............................................................................................................... 123
About Interstate River Water Disputes Act ........................................................................................ 123
December 20, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................ 124
African nations developing lifestyle diseases: WHO ......................................................................... 124
Union Government revises North East Industrial and Investment Promotion Policy ............... 124
Madras High Court bans unauthorised Sharia courts in Tamil Nadu ......................................... 125
Scientists discover 163 new species in ecologically diverse Greater Mekong region ............... 125
About Greater Mekong region ............................................................................................................ 126
PM lays foundation stone of countrys rst Indian Institute of Skills in Kanpur .................... 126
Huge dead zone discovered in Bay of Bengal ................................................................................ 127
Renowned Tamil poet Thiruvalluvars statue unveiled in Haridwar ......................................... 127
India and Kyrgyzstan sign 6 agreements in various elds ............................................................. 128
December 21, 2016 ......................................................................................................................................... 129
India ranks 4th in 2016 Global Wind Power Installed Capacity Index ....................................... 129
Researchers develop rst Chikungunya Vaccine .............................................................................. 130
About Chikungunya ................................................................................................................................. 131
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Molten Jet Stream discovered deep inside Earths core ................................................................ 131
India surpasses Britain to become worlds sixth-largest economy: Forbes magazine ............... 131
Union Cabinet approves creation of Indian Enterprise Development Services .......................... 132
Long range nuclear-capable subsonic cruise missile Nirbhay testred ........................................ 132
About Nirbhay Missile ............................................................................................................................ 133
Scientists witness the birth of an ice cloud for the rst time ......................................................... 133
December 22, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................ 134
Kaisa Matomaki, Maksym Radziwill win 2016 SASTRA Ramanujan award ............................. 134
About SASTRA Ramanujan Prize ........................................................................................................ 134
Parliamentary committee report highlights alarming rise in forest res ..................................... 134
Union Cabinet approves ordinance to pay salaries by cheques ..................................................... 135
Hong Kong revokes visa-free entry to Indians ................................................................................. 136
2016 Sahitya Akademi Award winners .............................................................................................. 137
About Sahitya Akademi Award ............................................................................................................ 138
December 22: National Mathematics Day ......................................................................................... 138
About Srinivasa Ramanujan .................................................................................................................. 138
Japan approves biggest defence budget ............................................................................................. 139
China launches TanSat satellite to monitor global carbon emissions .......................................... 139
About TanSat satellite ............................................................................................................................ 140
December 23, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................ 140
Union Government launches Coal Mitra portal to facilitate exibility in utilization of domestic
coal ..................................................................................................................................................... 140
NGT bans open waste burning across the country ......................................................................... 141
About National Green Tribunal (NGT) ............................................................................................. 141
India suffers from huge gender pay gap: ILO Report ...................................................................... 141
About International Labour Organisation (ILO) .............................................................................. 143
Union Government reconstitutes committee helping Krishna River Board ............................... 143
Japan successfully launches solid fuel rocket .................................................................................... 144
PM launches National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme in Kanpur ........................................ 144
About National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) ........................................................ 144
Scientists use pregnancy uid to strengthen weak bones ............................................................ 145
December 24, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................ 145
Ministry of Textiles to set up Bunkar Mitra Handloom Helpline Centre ................................... 145
Urban planning kept peace in Harappa: Experts .............................................................................. 146
New Ebola vaccine may be up to 100% effective: WHO ............................................................... 146
About Ebola virus .................................................................................................................................... 147
ICICI Bank launches EazyPay app for Merchants ........................................................................... 147
GST Council approves Draft Central, State GST laws .................................................................. 148
About GST Council ................................................................................................................................ 149
Odisha Government launches Biju Sishu Surakshya Yojana to nurture HIV positive orphan kids
.............................................................................................................................................................. 149
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December 24: National Consumer Day ............................................................................................. 150

MEA announces new rules to ease process of getting passport ................................................ 150
NITI Aayog rolls out Performance on Health Outcomes index .................................................... 151
Bengali poet Shankha Ghosh chosen for 2016 Jnanpith Award ................................................... 152
About Shankha Ghosh ........................................................................................................................... 153
About Jnanpith Award .......................................................................................................................... 153
December 25, 26, 2016 ................................................................................................................................. 153
Google India, Ministry of Consumer Affairs tie up for Digitally Safe Consumer campaign
.............................................................................................................................................................. 153
Union Government launches Smart Consumer mobile App & OCMC for speedy redressal of
consumer grievances ...................................................................................................................... 154
Ministry of External Affairs launches Twitter Seva .......................................................................... 154
6,117 Kuchipudi dancers set new Guinness World Record ............................................................ 155
About Kuchipudi dance .......................................................................................................................... 155
Indias rst 2G Ethanol Bio-renery to be set up in Punjab .......................................................... 156
About 2nd generation ethanol .............................................................................................................. 156
DRDO successfully ight tests Smart Anti-Aireld Weapon ......................................................... 157
About Smart Anti-Aireld Weapon (SAAW) .................................................................................... 157
Scientists identify worlds most heat resistant materials ................................................................. 157
Scientists develops rst Biological Pacemaker using Human Stem Cells .................................. 158
Scientists build bacteria-powered battery on a paper sheet ........................................................... 159
India successfully test-res nuclear capable ballistic missile Agni-5 ............................................. 159
About Agni-5 missile .............................................................................................................................. 159
December 27, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................ 161
China passes law to levy environment tax to ght pollution .......................................................... 161
China tests 5th-generation ghter jet FC-31 Gyrfalcon .................................................................. 162
Assam Government launches Health Insurance Scheme Atal-Amrit Abhiyan .......................... 162
Sagarmala Development Companys ofce inaugurated in New Delhi ...................................... 163
PM Narendra Modi lays foundation stone of Char Dham highway development project ..... 163
December 28, 2016 ....................................................................................................................................... 164
Gujarat government announces Biotechnology Policy 2016 ......................................................... 164
Astronomers discover universes biggest Galaxy Supercluster near Milky Way ....................... 164
Rajasthani writer Satya Narayan chosen for 2016 Bihari Puraskar .............................................. 165
About Dr Satya Narayan ....................................................................................................................... 165
About Bihari Puraskar ............................................................................................................................ 166
NBWL gives nod to Ken-Betwa Inter-Linking of Rivers Project .................................................. 166
About Ken-Betwa ILR project .............................................................................................................. 166
Union Government gives nod for apex corridor development body ........................................... 167
Kerala to seek Union governments approval for using deer antlers in Ayurveda medicines
.............................................................................................................................................................. 168
Tribal development remains poor: Tribal Ministry report ............................................................. 169
9
Viral V Acharya appointed as RBI Deputy Governor ...................................................................... 170

About Viral V Acharya ............................................................................................................................ 171
December 29, 2016 ........................................................................................................................................ 171
Anil Baijal appointed as Lt Governor of Delhi ................................................................................... 171
About Anil Baijal ..................................................................................................................................... 171
Union Cabinet approves ratication of International Solar Alliance ............................................ 172
About International Solar Alliance (ISA) ........................................................................................... 172
CCEA approves Road Connectivity Project for Left Wing Extremism affected areas .............. 173
About Road Connectivity Project for LWE Affected Areas ............................................................ 173
About Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) .................................................................. 173
China launches 2 high resolution remote sensing satellites ........................................................... 174
Union Cabinet approves ordinance to make possession of old notes penal offence ................ 174
Government launches IVRS platform to tackle call drops ............................................................. 175
Government invites comments for creating new Financial Redressal Agency .......................... 175
27th meeting of Southern Zonal Council held at Thiruvananthapuram .................................... 176
About Zonal Councils ............................................................................................................................ 177
Government launches Swachh Swasth Sarvatra initiative .............................................................. 177
December30, 31, 2016 .................................................................................................................................. 178
CBDT inks 2 unilateral APAs with taxpayers ................................................................................... 178
About Advance Pricing Agreements (APAs) .................................................................................... 178
FIPB clears 6 FDI proposals worth Rs 1,200 crore ........................................................................ 178
About Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB) ...................................................................... 179
Colombia passes FARC amnesty law .................................................................................................. 179
About Colombian Civil War ................................................................................................................. 179
President gives assent to Payment of Wages (Amendment) Ordinance, 2016 ......................... 180
Government proposes setting up Financial Data Management Centre ...................................... 180
Government meets PMUY target of 1.5 crore LPG connections .................................................. 181
About Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) ............................................................................. 182
Government constitutes committee to review institutionalisation of arbitration mechanism in
India .................................................................................................................................................... 182
PM Narendra Modi launches UPI based mobile payment app called BHIM ............................. 183
RBI extends period of enhanced Prepaid Payment Instruments limit .......................................... 184
About PPI .................................................................................................................................................. 184
CBDT extends deadline of Direct Tax Dispute Resolution Scheme ............................................ 185
About Direct Tax Dispute Resolution Scheme ................................................................................. 185
CSL completes delivery of 20 FPVs to India Coast Guard ............................................................ 185
India and Singapore ink 3rd Protocol for amending DTAA ......................................................... 186
Compendium of Multiple Choice Questions ............................................................................................. 186
10
Month Highlights: December, 2016

Persons in news Appointments / Elections
Rakesh Asthana takes additional charge as Director of CBI
The Union Government has given senior IPS officer Rakesh Asthana additional charge of the
post of Director, Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). He took charge following retirement
of Anil Sinha. He was given this charge after government failed to find any full-time Director
for CBI.
O Panneerselvam sworn in as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
AIADMK leader O. Panneerselvam (65) was sworn in as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
following death of Chief Minister Jayalalithaa. He was administered the oath of office and
secrecy by Governor Ch. Vidyasagar Rao at a solemn ceremony held in the Raj Bhavan,
Chennai. Besides, all 31 members of the outgoing Ministry from the Jayalalithaas council of
Ministers were also sworn in.
Justice JS Khehar appointed as 44th Chief Justice of India
Justice Jagdish Singh Khehar (64) will be the next Chief Justice of India (CJI). He will be the
44th CJI and shall succeed Chief Justice TS Thakur who retires on January 3, 2017. He will be
the first Sikh to become the CJI.
Antonio Guterres sworn in as UN Secretary General
Former Portuguese Prime Minister Antonio Guterres (67) was sworn in as the 9th UN
Secretary-General. He was administered the Oath of Office by Peter Thomson, President of
UN General Assembly at special plenary meeting. He succeeds Ban Ki-moon and shall have
five-year term beginning January 1, 2017.
Rajiv Jain appointed as new chief of Intelligence Bureau
The Union government has appointed senior IPS officer Rajiv Jain as the new chief of
Intelligence Bureau (IB). He succeeds Dineshwar Sharma and shall have two years term. He is
IPS officer of the 1980-batch of Jharkhand-cadre and had joined the IB in 1989 as assistant
director. Since then he has worked in different capacities including the sensitive Kashmir
desk.
Air Marshal BS Dhanoa appointed Air Chief of IAF
The Union Government has appointed Air Marshal Birender Singh Dhanoa as the next Chief
of the Air Staff of the Indian Air Force (IAF). He succeeds Arup Raha who retires on
December 31, 2016. Prior to this appointment he was Vice-Chief of IAF. He is the third
person from Sikh community to head the IAF after Arjan Singh and Dilbag Singh.
Lt Gen Bipin Rawat appointed Chief of Indian Army Chief
The Union Government has appointed Lt. Gen. Bipin Rawat as new Chief of Army Staff
(CoAS). He succeeds Army Chief General Dalbir Singh who retires on December 31, 2016.
3
His appointment goes against the long-held tradition of appointing the senior-most eligible
officer to the topmost post.
Anil Dhasmana appointed as new chief of Research and Analysis Wing
The Union Government has appointed senior IPS officer Anil Dhasmana as new chief of
Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), Indias external intelligence agency. He
succeeds Rajinder Khanna who completes his two year tenure on 31 December 2016. He will
have tenure of 2 years.
Anil Baijal appointed as Lt Governor of Delhi
President Pranab Mukherjee has appointed former bureaucrat Anil Baijal (70) as the 21st
Lieutenant Governor of Delhi. He will succeed Najeeb Jung who had resigned before
completion of his term and is returning to teaching profession
Viral V Acharya appointed as RBI Deputy Governor
The Union Government has appointed Viral V Acharya (42) as new Deputy Governor at the
Reserve Bank of India (RBI). He will have regular three-year tenure. He will fill the post that
fell vacant after Urjit Patel after he was made RBI Governor to succeed Rajan with effect from
September 2016. The existing three Deputy Governors of RBI are S S Mundra, R Gandhi and
N S Vishwanathan.
Places in News
Assams Hailakandi becomes 1st district to pay cashless transactions wages
Hailakandi district of Assam has become the first district to pay wages to tea garden workers
through individual bank accounts. It completed this task before the December 15, 2016
deadline set by the state government for cashless transactions of salary payments to the
plantation workers.
Gotthard Base Tunnel, worlds longest rail tunnel starts regular service
The famed Gotthard Base Tunnel (GBT) has started regular commercial rail service in
Switzerland. The first regular train to use GBT ferried passenger from Zurich to Lugano. The
twin-bore GBT is worlds longest and deepest railway tunnel with length of 57-kilometer.
Rio de Janeiro accorded UNESCO world heritage status
The UN cultural body UNESCO has accorded world heritage status to Brazilian city of Rio de
Janeiro (nicknamed as Marvelous City). It has been registered as Carioca Landscapes
between Mountain and Sea on the UNESCO world heritage list.
Majuli set to become countrys first ever carbon neutral district
Assam government has launched Sustainable Action for Climate Resilient Development
in Majuli (SACReD, Majuli) to make river island Majuli countrys first ever Carbon Neutral
district by 2020. The project has been initiated by Assams department of Environment and
Forest to combat climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It presents a vision
4
and roadap for a carbon netural Majuli.

Sports
Magnus Carlsen wins 2016 Chess Championship title
Grandmaster Magnus Carlsen of Norway has won the 2016 World Chess Championship for
the third consecutive time. He retained the title after defeating Sergey Karjakin of
Russia. Karjakin had tied against Carlsen in 12 regular rounds but was beaten in the final
phase of four quickfire games.
Usain Bolt, Almaz Ayana crowned 2016 IAAF World Athlete of the year award
Sprint king Usain Bolt from Jamaica has been awarded the 2016 IAAF World Athlete of the
Year award in male category for sixth time. Earlier he had won it in 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012
and 2013.
Cristiano Ronaldo wins 2016 FIFA Ballon dOr Award
Real Madrid forward Cristiano Ronaldo (31) from Portugal has won the prestigious 2016
FIFA Ballon dOr Award. He has earned this title of worlds best football player for fourth
time. Earlier he had won the Ballon dOr in 2008, 2013 and 2014.
Persons in news: Died
Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Jayalalithaa passes away
Tamil Nadu Chief Minister J Jayalalithaa passed away at the Apollo Hospitals, Chennai
following cardiac arrest. She was one of the countrys most articulate and determined political
personalities and a top film actress of the 1960s and 1970s.
Renowned journalist Cho S Ramaswamy passes away
Veteran journalist Cho S Ramaswamy passed away in Chennai following a prolonged illness.
He was 82. He was a lawyer, actor, journalist, commentator and a political interlocutor. He
was founder and editor of Thuglak, a Tamil political magazine known for its withering satire
and fearless criticism of political figures.
John Glenn, first American to Orbit Earth passes away
Former US aviator, astronaut John Glenn passed away in Columbus, Ohio, US. He was last
surviving member of the Mercury Seven Mission. He was first American to orbit Earth and
had circled three times earth in 1962 aboard Friendship 7 space capsule.
Science, Technology & Environment
UK scientists allow three-parent babies mitochondrial gene therapy
An independent panel of British scientists and experts has formally given nod to introduce
so-called three-parent baby fertility treatments or mitochondrial gene therapy (MGT)
procedures.
Cabinet approves Indias negotiating position adopted at Kigali conference to Montreal
Protocol
The Union Cabinet has given its ex-post facto approval to the negotiating position adopted
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by India at the recent 28th Meeting of Parties (MoP) to Montreal Protocol in Kigali, Rwanda.
The negotiations at Kigali meet held in October 2016 were aimed at including HFCs in the
list of chemicals under the Montreal Protocol.
TeamIndus to launch Indias first private moon mission in 2017
TeamIndus, a private aerospace starup company is planning to send a spacecraft to the moon
aboard an Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) rocket on December 28, 2017. It will
be Indias first private moon mission to be launched. It will be launched onboard of ISROs
workhorse Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV).
Israeli scientists create worlds first water-wave laser
Scientists from Israel have created the worlds first water-wave laser that emits a beam
through the interaction of light and water waves. The study conducted by team of researchers
from Technion-Israel Institute of Technology led by Professor Tal Carmon.
Russian Scientist develop new cheap way to produce nuclear fuel using electricity
Scientists from Russia have developed a new unique, low-cost method for producing high-
quality nuclear fuel using electricity. It is alternative novel method that forms the basis of
powder metallurgy and involves electric pulse sintering under pressure.
SC approves Centres Graded Response System to tackle air pollution in Delhi-NCR
The Supreme Court has approved Central Governments Graded Response Action Plan to
tackle different levels of pollution in Delhi-NCR.The enforcement of action plan will be
under orders of Environment Pollution (Control and Prevention) Authority (EPCA). All
other authorities will act in aid of such direction.
MoES launches Winter Fog Experiment 2016-17
The Union Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) has launched Winter Fog Experiment
(WIFEX 2016-17) to study presence of extended periods of fog in northern parts of the
country. It is an intensive ground-based measurement to understand different physical and
chemical features of Fog will be conducted at Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA),
Delhi.
Horse racing not animal cruelty: SC
The Supreme Court has ruled that horse racing per se is not animal cruelty. It held that it is
different from Jallikattu, which metes out specific methods of torture to bulls.
FSSAI bans use of newspapers for packing food
The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has banned use of newspapers for
wrapping and packing of food items. In this regard, FSSAI has issued an advisory all states
and Union territories and asked commissioners of food safety to restrict the use of
newspapers for packing, serving and storing of food items.
Japan successfully launches space junk collector into orbit
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Japans space agency (JAXA) successfully launched a Kounotori 6 (HTV-6) spacecraft that will
deliver a large magnetic tether, a space junk collector technology into orbit.
Scientist creates Nanoceramic material for safer, cheaper nuclear reactors
Scientists from US including one of Indian origin have created a nanoceramic material that
can used for safer, cheaper nuclear reactors. The new material is made
of aluminium oxide nanoceramic coating.
Researchers discover mutated Atlantic killifish resistant to toxic waste 8,000 times
Researchers discovered Atlantic killifish, a fish species which has evolved to be 8,000 times
more resilient to toxic waste compared with normal fish. The fish species lives in the heavily
polluted East Coast estuaries of US such as the Elizabeth River in Virginia and the Newark
Bay in New Jersey.
Microsoft launches Indias first Cybersecurity Engagement Centre in New Delhi
Software giant Microsoft India has launched its first full-scale Cybersecurity Engagement
Centre (CSEC) in New Delhi. It is Microsofts seventh Cybersecurity Centre in the world. It
will function as a satellite to the its Redmond Digital Crimes Unit (DCU).
NASA building robotic spacecraft to refuel, repair satellites in orbit
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is building a robotic spacecraft
dubbed as Restore-L Spacecraft to refuel, repair satellites currently in orbit. In this regard,
NASA has awarded a $127 million contract to California-based satellite company Space
Systems/Loral to build Restore-L Spacecraft.
China opens first fully-owned satellite ground station near North Pole
China has launched its first fully-owned overseas satellite ground station near the North Pole
enabling it to collect satellite data anywhere on the Earth at fastest speed in the world. It is
formally known as China Remote Sensing Satellite North Pole Ground Station. It is located
about 200 kms north of the Arctic Circle in Sweden.
NASA successfully launches 8 mini-satellites for hurricane forecasting
The NASA has successfully launched constellation of eight mini-satellites as part Cyclone
Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) into space to improve hurricane forecasting.
These satellites were air launched by aerospace company Orbital ATK onboard of Pegasus
rocket fired from plane at height of 12km.
Worlds first Goat with superfine wool cloned in China
The worlds first cloned goat bearing superfine Cashmere wool was born in north Chinas
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The goat will be raised in a base for animal husbandry
research conducted by experts from agricultural universities in southwest Chinas Yunnan
Province and Inner Mongolia.
Renowned Tamil poet Thiruvalluvars statue unveiled in Haridwar
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The 12-foot-tall stone statue of renowned Tamil poet and philosopher-

saint Thiruvalluvar was inaugurated at Mela Bhawan in Haridwar, Uttarakhand by Chief
minister Harish Rawat.
Scientists discover 163 new species in ecologically diverse Greater Mekong region
Scientists have discovered as many as 163 new species in the ecologically diverse Greater
Mekong region of the Southeast Asia. It includes 3 mammals species, 9 amphibians, 11 fish,
14 reptiles and 143 plants. These species were discovered in Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam,
Myanmar and Thailand. It was revealed by World Wildlife Fund (WWF) report.
Huge dead zone discovered in Bay of Bengal
Scientists including those from India have found a huge dead zone of an estimated 60,000
square kilometres in Bay of Bengal. This area is said to supports microbial processes that
remove vast amount of nitrogen from the ocean. The study published in Nature Geosciences.
Researchers develop first Chikungunya Vaccine
Researchers from United States have developed the first vaccine for Chikungunya fever made
from an insect-specific Eilat virus. The newly-developed vaccine does not have any effect on
people, which makes it safe and effective for humans.
Molten Jet Stream discovered deep inside Earths core
Scientists for the first time have discovered the so-called molten jet stream within the Earths
molten iron core using latest data obtained from three European satellites called Swarm. The
three satellites were launched in 2013 with the goal of studying Earths magnetic field.
Scientists witness the birth of an ice cloud for the first time
US based researchers for the first time have observed the creation of ice crystals on individual
atmospheric particles in the laboratory. This observation gives an unprecedented glimpse at
most critical but least understood parts of the process of cold clouds formation.
China launches TanSat satellite to monitor global carbon emissions
China successfully launched TanSat, a global carbon dioxide (CO2) monitoring satellite to
understand the effects of climate change. With this, China became third country after Japan
and United States to have its own satellite to monitor greenhouse gases (GHGs).
NGT bans open waste burning across the country
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) imposed a complete ban on burning of waste in open
places across the country and announced a fine of Rs. 25,000 on each incident of bulk waste
burning. The green panels judgement was given on the petition seeking directions to local
bodies in states and Centre for improving solid waste management methods.
Japan successfully launches solid fuel rocket
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) successfully launched a solid fuel rocket named
Epsilon-2 from the Uchinoura Space Center in southern Japan. The 26-metre-long rocket
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released Exploration of energization and Radiation in Geospace (ERG) satellite for studying
radiation belts around the earth soon after the lift-off.
Scientists use pregnancy fluid to strengthen weakbones
UK-based researchers have found that stem cells harvested from pregnant womans amniotic
fluid can be used to strengthen weak bones. Amniotic fluid is the protective fluid that
surrounds baby in the uterus and helps it to develop inside the mothers womb. It also
contains stem cells that are the building blocks of other tissues.
Indias first 2G Ethanol Bio-refinery to be set up in Punjab
The foundation stone of Indias first 2G (Second Generation) Ethanol Bio-refinery was laid
at Tarkhanwala village in Bathinda, Punjab. Central Government Public Sector Undertaking
(CPSU) Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) is setting up this project at a cost
of 600 crore Rupees.
Scientists develops first Biological Pacemaker using Human Stem Cells
Scientists from Canada have developed the first functional pacemaker cells using human
pluripotent stem cells. The cells can regulate heart beats with electrical impulses. It paves the
way for alternate biological pacemaker therapy.
Scientists identify worlds most heat resistant materials
A team of UK-based researchers have identified Hafnium carbide (HfC) as the worlds most
heat resistant material. It can withstand record melting point temperatures up to 3958C
(approx 4000C).
Scientists build bacteria-powered battery on a paper sheet
US-based scientists have developed a bacteria-powered battery (bio-battery) on a single sheet
of paper, which is capable of powering disposable electronics. The paper-based bacteria-
powered battery design is part of a new field of research called papertronics, which is a fusion
of paper and electronics.
Astronomers discover universes biggest Galaxy Supercluster near Milky Way
A team of international astronomers has discovered Vela super cluster, one of the biggest
super galaxy clusters near the Milky Way. It was spotted by a research team of astronomers
from South Africa, Australia and Europe with help slew of telescopes including the Anglo-
Australian Telescope (Sydney) and South African Large Telescope (Cape Town).
China launches 2 high resolution remote sensing satellites
China has successfully launched pair two high-resolution remote sensing satellites
SuperView-1 01 and 02 to get commercial images. These satellites were launched on-board of
Long March 2D rocket from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Centre in Shanxi Province. They
will provide commercial images at 0.5-meter resolution.
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Events & Observances

BSF celebrates 51st Raising Day
The Border Security Force (BSF), the biggest border guarding force in the world celebrated
its 51st Anniversary of Raising Day. Various cultural programmes were organised for BSF
veterans and personnel during the Raising Day celebrations.
Hornbill Festival begins in Nagaland
The Hornbill Festival began in the Naga Heritage village of Kisama. The festival coincides
with the Statehood Day of Nagaland which is observed on December 1. It is tourism
promotional extravaganza to revive, protect and preserve the richness and uniqueness of the
Naga heritage. It is also called as the Festival of Festivals.
6th Heart of Asia conference held in Amritsar, Punjab
The sixth edition of Heart of Asia- Istanbul Process of Aghanistan conference, an annual
regional gathering of Asian and other countries was held in Amritsar, Punjab (India). It was
inaugurated jointly by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Afghan President Ashraf Ghani. It
concluded with adaptation of Amritsar Declaration with its prime focus on terrorism.
4 December: Navy Day
The Indian Navy Day is observed annually on 4 December to celebrate the magnificence,
achievements and role of the naval force of the country. Indian Navy is one of most potent
maritime forces in the world and the most lethal in Indian Ocean.
7th World Ayurveda Congress held in Kolkata
The 7th World Ayurveda Congress (WAC) was held from December 2 to 4, 2016 at Science
City in Kolkata, West Bengal. It was organised by the World Ayurveda Foundation with the
support of the Union Ministry of AYUSH to facilitate development and growth of AYUSH
system of medicine comprising Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and
Homoeopathy.
2016 India International Science Festival held in New Delhi
The 2016 India International Science festival (IISF) has started at CSIR-National Physical
Laboratory (NPL) Campus in New Delhi. It was inaugurated by the Union Home
Minister Rajnath Singh. The theme of the science festival is Science for the masses.
Remote sensing satellite Resourcesat-2A successfully launched
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully launched remote sensing
satellite Resourcesat-2A into its dedicated orbit. It was launched onboard of Polar Satellite
Launch Vehicle (PSLV)-C36 from first launch pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre
in Sriharikota. It was PSLVs 38th flight and XL version of the rocket was used. It was the
37th consecutive successful flight of the rocket.
December 9: International Anti-Corruption Day
The International Anti-Corruption Day (IACD) is observed annually on December 9 to raise
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public awareness of corruption and what people can do to fight it. Observance of the day aims
to promote and strengthen measures to prevent and combat corruption more efficiently and
effectively.
December 10: Human Rights Day
The Human Rights Day is observed annually on 10th December to commemorate the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Observance of the day seeks to encourage, support
and amplify measures to be taken by everyone to defend human rights.
Asia Pacific nations adopt New Delhi Declaration for Urban Plus approach
The sixth edition of Asia Pacific Ministerial Conference on Housing and Urban Development
(APMCHUD) held in New Delhi has adopted New Delhi declaration to adopt Urban Plus
approach. This was the first such meeting held to discuss ways of realising the New Urban
Agenda that was finalised during the UN Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban
Development (also known as Habitat III conference) held in Quito, Ecuador in October
2016.
December 22: National Mathematics Day
The National Mathematics Day is observed every year on 22nd December to celebrate birth
anniversary of great Indian autodidact Mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan. This year, it was
129th birth anniversary of Srinivasa Ramanujan.
December 24: National Consumer Day
The National Consumer Day is observed every year in India on 24th December. On this day
the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 had received the assent of the President. Observance of
this day provides an opportunity for individuals to highlight the importance of the consumer
movement and promote the basic rights and responsibilities of all consumers.
Defence Related
India inks Rs 5,000 crore defence deal with US to buy 145 M777 howitzers
India has signed government-to-government (G2G) deal with the United States (US) to buy
145 M-777 Ultra-Light Howitzers worth $750 million under the Foreign Military Sales
programme.
Joint maritime exercise Konkan 16 between India and UK
The annual bilateral maritime exercise Konkan 16 between the Indian Navy and the Royal
Navy (British Navy) was held in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
India designated as major US defence partner
India has been designated as a major defence partner of the United States. It puts India on a
par with the closest allies and partners of the US. The agreement in this regard was reached
between Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar and US Secretary of Defence Ashton
Carter in New Delhi.
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Indian Army launches Veterans Outreach App to reach out to veterans

The Indian Army has launched a Veterans Outreach App in a bid to reach out to its ex-
servicemen. The app was launched by the Chief of the Army Staff (COAS)
General Dalbir Singh Suhag. It is dedicated to Army Veterans and Veer Naris.
India becomes worlds 4th largest defence spender
According to the recently released 2016 IHS Janes Defence Budgets report, India has become
the worlds fourth largest defence spender. In this edition of report published by US research
firm IHS Inc, India has surpassed Russia, France, Japan and Saudi Arabia to become the
worlds fourth largest defence spender.
India, Russia bilateral naval exercise Indra Navy 2016 begins
The ninth edition of exercise INDRA NAVY, an annual bilateral maritime exercise between
Indian Navy and Russian Navy was held in the Bay of Bengal. The primary aim of exercise
INDRA NAVY-16 was to increase inter-operability amongst the two navies and develop
common understanding and procedures for maritime security operations.
Seventh Indo-Maldives joint military exercise EKUVERIN
The seventh edition of India, Maldives bilateral EKUVERIN Exercise 2016 was held
at Kadhdhoo, Laamu Atoll, Maldives. The aim of 14 day platoon level joint military exercise
was to conduct military training between armies of both countries with emphasis on
amphibious & counter insurgency, counter terrorism operations.
Pakistan successfully test-fires enhanced version of Babur cruise missile
Pakistan Army has successfully test fired an enhanced version of an indigenously-designed
Babur cruise missile. The missile incorporates advanced aerodynamics and avionics that can
strike targets both at land and sea with high accuracy.
Indian Navys eight landing craft utility L-58 launched by GRSE
Indian Navys eight landing craft utility (LCU) L-58 was launched by Garden Reach
Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd (GRSE) in Kolkata, West Bengal. It is the last vessel in a
series of eight ships of LCU MK-IV project designed and built by GRSE for the Indian Navy.
Long range nuclear-capable subsonic cruise missile Nirbhay testfired
Long range nuclear-capable subsonic cruise missile Nirbhay was testfired from the launch
complex 3 of the Integrated Missile Test Range in Balasore, Odisha. The test was conducted
by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
DRDO successfully flight tests Smart Anti-Airfield Weapon
The Defence and Research Development Organization (DRDO) successfully flight tested
Smart Anti-Airfield Weapon (SAAW) from Indian Air Force (IAF) aircraft at integrated test
range in Chandipur, Odisha.
India successfully test-fires nuclear capable ballistic missile Agni-5
India successfully test-fired its home-grown long range intercontinental surface-to-surface
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nuclear capable ballistic missile Agni-5. The state-of-the-art surface-to-surface missile was
test fired successfully from the launch complex 4 of the Integrated Test Range from the
Abdul Kalam Wheeler Island off Odisha coast. It was the fourth developmental and
second canisterised trial of the missile.
China tests 5th-generation fighter jet FC-31 Gyrfalcon
China has successfully tested the latest version of its fifth-generation stealth fighter jet J-31
(now renamed the FC-31 Gyrfalcon). The newest version of twin-engine FC-31 took to the
air for the first time recently. It is considered as Chinas answer to the US F-35, the worlds
most technically advanced fighter.
Finance, Business and Economy
RBI to introduce new 20 & 50 rupee currency notes
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is going to issue new currency notes of Twenty and Fifty
rupees denomination in the Mahatma Gandhi Series-2005. All old the previous currency
notes of old Rs. 20 and Rs. 50 denomination issued by the Bank will continue to be legal
tender.
Amazon launches global startup program Launchpad in India
E-commerce giant Amazon has launched its global startup program Launchpad in India. The
program will enable Indian startups to sell their products overseas. In this regard, Amazon
India has tied up with Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP)s Start Up India
and NASSCOM.
Union Government announces package for promotion of digital & cashless economy
The Union Government has announced package of incentives and measures for promotion of
digital and cashless economy in the country. It was announced to supplement the surge in the
digital transactions aftermath demonetisation of old Rs.500 and Rs.1,000 notes for promotion
of digital cashless economy and cutting out cash transactions.
Union Government scraps import duty on wheat
The Union Government has waived the import duty on wheat to zero from 10 per cent for
an indefinite period. This move aims to improve domestic availability in the wake of rising
prices and concerns about the wheat crop in 2016-17.
India ranks 4th in 2016 Global Wind Power Installed Capacity Index
India ranked 4th in the Global Wind Power Installed Capacity index with cumulative
installed wind power generation capacity of 25,088 MW in 2015.The index was topped
by China, followed by US and Germany with cumulative installed wind power generation
capacity of 145362 MW, 74471 MW and 44947 MW respectively.
India surpasses Britain to become worlds sixth-largest economy: Forbes magazine
According to report published in Forbes magazine, India has surpassed its colonial masters
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United Kingdom to become worlds sixth-largest economy in GDP terms for first time after
nearly 150 years. Following the change in the rankings, Indias economy now stands behind
the United States, China, Japan, Germany and France.
ICICI Bank launches EazyPay app for Merchants
ICICI Bank, Indias largest private sector bank has launched EazyPay mobile application for
merchants that allows all-in-one acceptance payments platform. This app consolidates all
digital wallets, QR code, Unified Payments Interface (UPI), and credit & debit cards modes of
payments. With this, ICICI Bank became first bank in the country to roll out all-in-one
payments platform.
FIPB clears 6 FDI proposals worth Rs 1,200 crore
The Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB) has approved six Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI) proposals worth Rs 1,200 crore. Decision in this regard was taken by FIPB
meeting headed by Economic Affairs Secretary Shaktikanta Das.
CBDT inks 2 unilateral APAs with taxpayers
The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) signed two unilateral Advance Pricing
Agreements (APAs) with Indian taxpayers pertain to the Information Technology and
automobile sectors. The international transactions covered in these two agreements include
software development services, IT enabled services (ITES), manufacturing and business
support services.
CBDT extends deadline of Direct Tax Dispute Resolution Scheme
The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has extended the last date for availing the Direct
Tax Dispute Resolution Scheme to January 31, 2017 from the earlier deadline of December
31, 2016. This extension aims to give companies one more month to accept its offer to settle
retro tax disputes with Government. It comes against the backdrop of tepid response from
companies to the scheme.
Awards
President presents 2nd ICCR Indologist award to Prof. Yu Long Yu
The second Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) Indologis Award for the year 2016
was awarded to Prof. Yu Long Yu of China. He was presented with this award by
President Pranab Mukherjee at a function in Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi.
UAE-based Indian girl Kehkashan Basu wins 2016 International Childrens Peace Prize
UAE based Indian environmental activist Kehkashan Basu (16) has won 2016 prestigious
International Childrens Peace Prize. She was bestowed with this prestigious award for her
fight for climate justice and combating environmental degradation.
PM Narendra Modi ranks 9th among worlds most powerful people list of Forbes
Prime Minister Narendra Modi was placed at 9th position among 74 of the worlds most
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powerful people list released by the Forbes Magazine. The list gives the annual ranking of the
Worlds Most Powerful People on the basis of their financial resources, scope and use of
power and the number of people they impact.
Kaisa Matomaki, Maksym Radziwill win 2016 SASTRA Ramanujan award
Kaisa Matomaki and Maksym Radziwill have been jointly won the 2016 SASTRA-
Ramanujan award for mathematics for their revolutionary collaborative work on short
intervals in number theory. Their mathematical work dwells on properties of numbers in
short intervals.
2016 Sahitya Akademi Award winners
The Sahitya Academy has announced the names of 24 poets and authors who will be
conferred the prestigious 2016 Sahitya Akademi Award. This award has recognised premier
works in 24 Indian languages that includes 8 books of poetry, 7 books of short stories, 5
books of novels, 2 books of criticism and 1 book each of essays and play.
Bengali poet Shankha Ghosh chosen for 2016 Jnanpith Award
Eminent modern Bengali poet Shankha Ghosh was chosen for the prestigious Jnanpith Award
for the year 2016. He is the 52nd recipient of Jnanpith Award. He is sixth Bengali litterateur
to bag this prestigious literary award
after Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay (1966), Bishnu Dey (1971), Ashapoorna Devi
(1976), Subhash Mukhopadhyay (1991) and Mahasweta Devi (1966).
Rajasthani writer Satya Narayan chosen for 2016 Bihari Puraskar
Eminent Rajasthani litterateur Dr Satya Narayan was chosen for the 26th Bihari Puraskar 2016
by the K K Birla Foundation. He was been chosen for his Hindi book
titled Yeh Ek Dunia published in 2010. His Yeh Ek Dunia is a meticulous depiction of various
circumstances of life in contemporary world.
Government Policy and Schemes
Cabinet approves Rehabilitation Package for displaced families from PoKJ, Chhamb
The Union Cabinet has approved Central Assistance of 2000 crore rupees for 36,384
displaced families from Pakistan occupied areas of Jammu & Kashmir (POJK) and Chhamb.
Cabinet approves simplification of Visa regime
The Union Cabinet has given its approval for liberalization, simplification and rationalization
of the existing visa regime in India. It has approved incremental changes in the visa policy as
decided by the Union Ministry of Home Affairs with approval of Home Minister and in
consultation with various stakeholders.
economy
The NITI Aayog has constituted a 13 member Committee on promotion of cashless society
and digital economy. It will be headed by Andhra Pradesh Chief
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Minister Chandrababu Naidu. Chief Ministers of Odisha, Madhya Pradesh,

Sikkim, Puducherry and Maharashtra representing different political parties are its members.
Union HRD Ministry launches Vittiya Saksharata Abhiyan
Vittiya Saksharata Abhiyan (VISAKA) was launched by the Union Ministry for Human
Resource Development (HRD) to make people aware about cashless economic system. It is
campaign by Higher Educational institutions for digital economy.
Stanpan Suraksha app launched to promote breastfeeding
The Union Tribal Affairs Minister Jual Oram launched Stanpan Suraksha mobile application
to promote breastfeeding and keep a tab on inappropriate promotion of baby food items.
The mobile application has been developed by the Breastfeeding Promotion Network of India
(BPNI).
Andhra Pradesh Government has launched AP Purse mobile application to promote digital
transactions among the people. It was launched by Chief Minister N Chandrababu Naidu in
Vijayawada to solve the cash crunch problem in the state following demonitisaton of high
value old currency notes.
Kerala Government launches Haritha Keralam Mission
Kerala Government has launchec Haritha Keralam Mission, a comprehensive programme for
creating new sustainable development perspectives in the state. It is multidimensional
development project focuses on water conservation, sanitation, environmental protection,
and paddy cultivation.
Government launches DigiShala TV channel to promote digital payments
The Union Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has launched a TV
channel named DigiShala to promote cashless transactions. The channel was launched as
part of the Digidhan campaign which aims to spread awareness about digital transactions.
Madhya Pradesh Government launches Narmada Seva Yatra
Madhya Pradesh Government has launched five months long Narmada Seva Yatra to turn the
Narmada river pollution free. It aims to create awareness about the conservation of the river.
It is one of the biggest public campaign of the world to conserve river and environment.
President Pranab Mukherjee launches 100 Million for 100 Million Campaign
President Pranab Mukherjee launched a 100 Million for 100 Million Campaign
at Rashtrapati Bhavan. The campaign was conceptualized by Nobel peace prize
winner Kailash Satyarthi and was organized by the Kailash Satyarthi Childrens Foundation.
Government to launch National Resource Centre Vanjeevan for Tribal Livelihood
The Union Ministry of Tribal Affairs launched Vanjeevan, the National Resource Centre
(NRC) for Tribal Livelihood issues in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. It was launched in collaboration
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with UNDP and National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation
(NSTFDC).
Government launches Lucky Grahak Yojana, Digi Dhan Vyapar Yojana to promote digital
payments
The Union Government has launched Lucky Grahak Yojana to encourage consumers
and Digi Dhan Vyapar Yojana to encourage merchants for transition to digital payments.
These award based schemes were launched by the NITI (National Institution for
Transforming India) Aayog, governments policy think-tank.
Rajasthan Government launches Annapurna Rasoi Scheme
Rajasthan Government has launched Annapurna Rasoi Scheme to provide quality meal at
cheap price to poor and needy on lines with Tamil Nadu Governments Amma canteens. The
tagline for the scheme is: Sabke liye bhojan, sabke liye sammaan (Food for all, respect for all).
Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana comes into effect
The Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY) notified along with other provisions of
Taxation Laws (Second Amendment) Act, 2016 came into effect from 17 December 2016.
PMGKY is Union Governments second income disclosure scheme (IDS) to allow tax evaders
to come clean with unaccounted wealth. It provides for 50 per cent tax and surcharge on
declarations of unaccounted cash deposited in banks.
Government issues Notification of Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Pet Shop) Rules, 2016
The Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has issued the
draft notification for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Pet Shop) Rules, 2016 to regulate
pet shops The objective of these proposed new rules is to make pet shops accountable and to
prevent cruelty inflicted on animals kept in such pet shops.
Power Ministry to launch GARV-II Mobile App to monitor rural electrification programme
The Union Power Ministry is going to launch new mobile application GARV-II to provide
real time data of all six lakh villages of the country. The purpose of the mobile application is
to ensure transparency in implementation of rural electrification programme.
towers
The Department of Telecom (DoT) will soon launch Tarang Sanchar portal that will let
users check radiation compliance status of mobile towers and transmitters across country.
Using this portal user can also request to get a particular BTS tested by DoT to assess its
electro-magnetic frequency (EMF) compliance level.
AYUSH Ministry launches Swasthya Raksha Programme
The Union AYUSH Ministry has launched Swasthya Raksha Programme to promote health
and health education in villages. It was launched by AYUSH Ministry in October 2015.
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Government to set up single tribunal to arbitrate inter-State water disputes

The Union Government has decided to set up a single permanent Tribunal to adjudicate all
inter-State river water disputes. This single body will subsume all existing tribunals for
resolving grievances of inter-State water disputes in a speedy manner. It will be headed by a
retired Supreme Court judge.
Government forms high-level task force on Indus Water Treaty
The Union government has formed a high-level inter-ministerial task force to look into all
the strategic aspects of Indus Water Treaty (IWT) with Pakistan. Mandate of Task force is to
take all important strategic and policy decisions. Thus, it will be an all-powerful body which
will take decisions regarding the treaty.
Government revises North East Industrial and Investment Promotion Policy
The Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion (DIPP) has revised North East Industrial
and Investment Promotion Policy (NEIIP), 2007. The revision of policy stipulates mandatory
disbursal of subsidies payable to all industrial units in northeast through Direct Benefit
Transfer (DBT) mechanism by Chief Controller of Accounts (Industry).
PM lays foundation stone of countrys first Indian Institute of Skills inKanpur
Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid foundation stone of the countrys first Indian Institute of
Skills (IIS) in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh to make India the Skill Capital of the World.
Cabinet approves creation of Indian Enterprise Development Services
The Union Cabinet gave its approval to the Cadre review and formation of a new service in
the name of Indian Enterprise Development Services (IEDS). It will be created in the Office
of Development Commissioner (MSME), Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
(MSME).
Cabinet approves ordinance to pay salaries by cheques
The Union Cabinet has approved a draft ordinance to empower states and allow industries to
pay workers wages digitally, through a direct bank transfer to accounts or by cheque in a bid
to encourage cashless transactions. The draft ordinance proposes changes to the Section 6 of
the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 to encourage cashless transactions.
Government launches Coal Mitra portal to facilitate flexibility in utilization of domestic coal
The Union Ministry of Coal has launched Coal Mitra, a web portal for allowing flexibility in
utilization of domestic Coal. It aims at optimum utilisation by private as well as public power
companies of the coal.
PM launches National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme in Kanpur
Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently launched National Apprenticeship Promotion
Scheme (NAPS) during his recent visit to Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. The scheme aims to
provide apprenticeship training to over 50 lakh youngsters in order to create more jobs. It has
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budgetary outlay of Rs 10000 crore.

Ministry of Textiles to set up Bunkar Mitra Handloom Helpline Centre
The Union Ministry of Textiles has decided to establish a Bunkar Mitra-Handloom Helpline
Centre where experts in the field of textiles will answer professional queries of weavers. This
helpline initially will be provided in 7 languages viz., English, Hindi and 5 other regional
languages Tamil, Telugu, Kannada Bengali and Assamese.
Odisha Government launches Biju Sishu Surakshya Yojana to nurture HIV positive orphan
kids
The Odisha Government launched the Biju Sishu Surakshya Yojana, a scheme to nurture the
orphan and HIV-infected children residing in different child care institutions and
orphanages. The main aim of the scheme is to facilitate care and protection towards orphans
and HIV infected children of the state.
GST Council approves Draft Central, State GST laws
The Goods and Services Tax (GST) Council has approved the draft Central GST (CGST) and
State GST (SGST) laws along with Compensation Bill to bring the GST into implementation,
countrys biggest indirect tax reform. The CGST and SGST laws contains total of 197
provisions and five schedules.
MEA announces new rules to ease process of getting passport
The Union Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) has announced new passport rules by
changing Passport Rules, 1980 in order to streamline, liberalize and ease the process of issue
of passport.
NITI Aayog rolls out Performance on Health Outcomes index
The NITI (National Institution for Transforming India) Aayoga along with Union Ministry
of Health and Family Welfare has rolled out Performance on Health Outcomes index to rank
States on the basis of their performance on measurable health indicators.
Government launches Smart Consumer mobile App & OCMC for speedy redressal of
consumer grievances
The Union Government has launched Smart Consumer mobile App and an Online
Consumer Mediation Centre (OCMC) to provide speedy redressal of consumer grievances.
Apart from this, a helpline 14404 was also launched for consumer related grievances on the
occasion of National Consumer Day (24th December).
Google India has partnered with the Union Ministry of Consumer Affairs to launch
nationwide Digitally Safe Consumer campaign to raise awareness among consumers about
online safety and better protect consumer interest online. It will reach out with training
materials to over 1,200 consumer organisations as well as consumer affairs department of
every state/UT.
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Ministry of External Affairs launches Twitter Seva

The Union Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) has launched Twitter Seva to directly engage
with citizens in country and abroad, tourists and business travellers for speedy resolution of
their visa and passport queries.
Sagarmala Development Companys office inaugurated in New Delhi
Union Road Transport and Highways
Minister Nitin Gadkari inaugurated Sagarmala Development Companys (SDC) office in New
Delhi to promote port-led development in the country. The SDC has been incorporated
under the Companies Act, 2013. The Union Cabinet in July 2016 had approved formation of
the SDC under the administrative control of the Union Ministry of Shipping.
Assam Government launches Health Insurance Scheme Atal-Amrit Abhiyan
Assam Government rolled out Atal-Amrit Abhiyan, a health insurance scheme to provide
coverage against several critical illnesses. Atal-Amrit Abhiyan aims to make quality health care
affordable to every individual member of a family in the state. This scheme is claimed to be
the biggest health care initiative undertaken by any State Government in the country.
Gujarat government announces Biotechnology Policy 2016
Gujarat Government announced its Biotechnology Policy-2016 to establish state as a
preferred destination for manufacturing of biotechnology products. The policy has provisions
for various incentives for investors who are keen to set up their units in the state.
PM Narendra Modi lays foundation stone of Char Dham highway development project
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has laid the foundation stone of Char Dham highway
development project or Chardham Mahamarg Vikas Pariyojna in Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
The Chardham Mahamarg Vikas Pariyojna is an ambitious initiative to improve connectivity
to the Char Dham pilgrimage centres in the Himalayas.
Union Government gives nod for apex corridor development body
The Union Government has approved the re-designation of the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial
Corridor Project Implementation Trust Fund (DMICPTF) as National Industrial Corridor
Development & Implementation Trust (NICDIT). NICDIT will be the apex body to oversee
integrated development of all industrial corridors across the country.
CCEA approves Road Connectivity Project for Left Wing Extremism affected areas
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) has approved Road Connectivity
Project for Left Wing Extremism (LWE) Affected Areas to improve rural road connectivity
in worst LWE affected districts critical from security and communication point of view. The
project will be implemented under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) to provide
all weather road connectivity in 44 worst affected LWE districts and adjoining districts.
Cabinet approves ratification of International Solar Alliance
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The Union Cabinet gave its approval to the proposal of Union Ministry of New & Renewable
Energy (MNRE) for ratification of International Solar Alliance (ISA) Framework Agreement
by India. The Agreement was opened for signature on the sidelines of 22nd Conference of
Parties (CoP) meeting United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) at Marrakesh, Morocco.
Government launches IVRS platform to tackle call drops
The Union Government has launched Integrated Voice Response System (IVRS) system in a
bid to tackle the call drop menace. The system was launched at multiple locations including
Delhi and Mumbai to obtain direct feedback from subscribers on call quality on the issue of
frequent call drops.
Government launches Swachh Swasth Sarvatra initiative
Union Government launched Swachh Swasth Sarvatra initiative to strengthen
health centres in open defecation-free (ODF) blocks. The objective of this initiative is to
strengthen community health centres in 708 ODF blocks across the country to enable them to
achieve higher levels of cleanliness and hygiene.
Government constitutes committee to review institutionalisation of arbitration mechanism in
India
The Union Ministry of Law and Justice has constituted a High Level Committee (HLC) to
review institutionalisation of arbitration mechanism in India. The committee will be headed
by Justice B N Srikrishna, the retired Judge of Supreme Court. It will look into various factors
to accelerate arbitration mechanism and strengthen the arbitration ecosystem in the country.
PM Narendra Modi launches BHIM, UPI based mobile payment app

Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched UPI based mobile payment application called BHIM
(Bharat Interface for Money) at the Digi Dhan Mela held in Talkatora stadium, New Delhi,
The app is rebranded version of UPI (Unified Payment Interface) and USSD (Unstructured
Supplementary Service Data) for simpler digital payments without cash.
Miscellaneous Terms and Facts
SC makes national anthem mandatory in cinema halls
The Supreme Court has ordered cinema halls to mandatorily play the national anthem before
every screening and all those present in cinema halls have to stand up to show respect.
According to SC such practice, will instil a feeling of committed patriotism and nationalism.
UNESCO includes Yoga in Intangible Cultural Heritage list
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has
formally inscribed Yoga in its representative list of Intangible Cultural Heritage
of Humanity.The declaration describes Yoga, an ancient Indian practice as a Human Treasure.
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It was unanimously supported by all the 24 members of inter-governmental Committee.

Pre-historic camping site found in Ladakh
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has found an ancient camping site used by pre-
historic man, at an altitude of about 4,200 metres near Saser La in Nubra Valley, Ladakh. The
camping site is a place where hunter-gatherers in the ancient times stayed temporarily before
they moved on to another place.
Delhi High Court reverses ban on fixed dose combination drugs
The Delhi High Court has quashed ban imposed on 344 fixed dose combination (FDC) drugs
by the Central Government over fears that they are potential health and safety hazards. The
HC held that Centre had acted in a haphazard manner and did not take the advice of the
statutory bodies under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act before issuing ban notification.
Mercosur revokes membership of Venezuela
The South American economic bloc Mercosur has suspended Venezuela from it for violating
the blocs democratic principles and failing to meet its basic standards.
Triple talaq unconstitutional, violates rights of Muslim women: Allahabad high court
The Allahabad High Court has ruled that the practice of triple talaq (Talaq-e-bidat) among
Muslims is unconstitutional and violates the rights of women enshrined in constitution.
Besides, the High Court also held that No Personal Law Board is above the Constitution i.e. it
was indirectly referring to All India Muslim Personal Law Board (AIMPLB).
English most powerful language in the world: WEF
English has been ranked first in the top 10 most powerful languages in the world according to
the 2016 World Power Language Index (PLI). The index was published by World Economic
Forum (WEF). Indian language Hindi was ranked 10th in the 2016 PLI.
India ranks 7th in 2016 Global Terrorism Index
According to the 2016 Global Terrorism Index (GTI) India was ranked 7th among 163
countries in the list of most impacted by terrorism in 2015. The fourth edition of the index
was released by Sydney-based think-tank Institute for Economics & Peace. India is one of six
Asian countries ranked in the top 10 nations most impacted by terrorism.
Punjab Government launches Indias first amphibious bus project
Punjab Government has launched countrys first amphibious bus project at
the Harike wetland near Amritsar. The amphibious bus named as Harike Cruise travels on
land and as well as in water.
Union Cabinet approves Major Port Trust Authorities Bill, 2016 to give autonomy to 12
major ports
The Union Cabinet has approved the draft Major Port Authorities Bill, 2016 to replace the
existing Major Port Trusts Act, 1963. The bill aims to empower 12 major ports to perform
with greater efficiency on account of full autonomy in decision-making.
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Parliament passes Rights of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2016

Parliament passed the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2016. The bill repeals Persons
with Disabilities (Equal Opportunity Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act of 1995.
It comprehensively covers a whole spectrum of problems from physical disabilities to mental
illness and multiple disabilities under it. It complies with the UN Convention on Rights of
Persons with Disabilities, to which India became a signatory in 2007.
Haryana becomes first state to launch Mahila Police Volunteer initiative
Haryana became the first state in the country to launch Mahila Police Volunteer (MPV)
initiative for safety of women. Mahila Police Volunteer is a joint initiative of Union Ministry
of Women & Child Development and the Union Ministry of Home Affairs.
6,117 Kuchipudi dancers set new Guinness World Record
As many as 6,117 Kuchipudi dancers set a new Guinness World Record by performing
together in a single event in Vijayawada district of Andhra Pradesh. The Guinness World
Record adjudicated for the 12-minute Jayamu Jayamu item as the Largest Kuchipudi dance
performance.
December 1, 2016
UK scientists allow three-parent babies mitochondrial gene therapy
December 1, 2016
An independent panel of British scientists and experts has formally given nod to introduce so-called
three-parent baby fertility treatments or mitochondrial gene therapy (MGT) procedures.
The panel tasked with reviewing the safety of MGT held that this practice should be cautiously
adopted to prevent certain genetic diseases from being passed on to future generations. Thus, it
paves the way for the country to officially introduce the procedures.
Earlier in February 2016, British Parliament voted to legalise three-parent baby fertility treatments
or MGT procedures. It was first country in the world to legalise creation of In-Vitro Fertilisation
babies with DNA from three people.
The worlds first three-parent baby boy was born in Mexico in April 2016 to a Jordanian couple with
help of this new fertility technique which incorporates DNA from three people in embryo.
What is mitochondrial gene therapy (MGT)?
MGT or Mitochondrial donation is a medical technique in which defective mitochondria
carried by a woman is replaced with the healthy mitochondria of a donor.
Through invitro fertilization technique (IVF), the egg is then fertilised with the partners
sperm. Thus, the embryo remains free from any such genetic defects.
Thus, it prevents the transmission of mitochondrial (genetic) disease from one generation to
the next.
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The two most common techniques in mitochondrial donation are pronuclear transfer and
maternal spindle transfer.
MGT proposes to give parents chance of having a child that is over 99% genetically matched
to them and most importantly free of the mitochondrial disease.
Union Cabinet approves simplification of Visa regime
December 1, 2016
The Union Cabinet has given its approval for liberalization, simplification and rationalization of the
existing visa regime in India.
It has approved incremental changes in the visa policy as decided by the Union Ministry of Home
Affairs with approval of Home Minister and in consultation with various stakeholders.
Key Facts
The approval will stimulate economic growth and ease travel for foreigners. It will facilitate
entry of foreigners for tourism, business and medical purposes.
This is expected to increase earnings from export of services like tourism, travel on account
of business, medical value travel.
It will also help to make Make in India, Skill India, Digital India and other such flagship
initiatives of the Government successful.
Union Cabinet approves Rehabilitation Package for displaced families from PoKJ, Chhamb
December 1, 2016
The Union Cabinet has approved Central Assistance of 2000 crore rupees for 36,384 displaced
families from Pakistan occupied areas of Jammu & Kashmir (POJK) and Chhamb.
It was approved following an announcement of Prime Ministers Development Package for Jammu &
Kashmir 2015 announced in November, 2015
As per the package
5 lakh rupees cash benefit per family will be disbursed to the displaced families. This financial
aid will enable them to earn an income and subsist their livelihood.
The amount will be disbursed through J&K state Government to eligible families through
Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).
Background
In the aftermath of partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947, thousands of families from Pakistan
occupied areas of Jammu & Kashmir (PoJK) migrated to the Indian state. Subsequently, during Indo-
Pak Wars of 1965 and 1971, a large number of families were displaced from Chhamb Niabat area of
J&K. Union Government and J&K state Government have extended series of relief and rehabilitation
packages from time to time to mitigate the hardship of displaced persons from PoJK and Chhamb
and to rehabilitate them.
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Union Cabinet approves Indias negotiating position adopted at Kigali conference to

Montreal Protocol
December 1, 2016
The Union Cabinet has given its ex-post facto approval to the negotiating position adopted by India
at the recent 28th Meeting of Parties (MoP) to the Montreal Protocol in Kigali, Rwanda.
The negotiations at Kigali meet held in October 2016 were aimed at including HFCs in the list of
chemicals under the Montreal Protocol.
The Union Cabinet has approved baseline and freeze years proposal of the Union Ministry of
Environment, Forest (MoEFCC) over the issue of phasing down the climate-damaging refrigerants
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) as negotiated in Kigali meet.
Key Facts
In the Kigali meet, India had successfully negotiated the baseline years within a range of 2024
to 2030 and freeze year in subsequent years for phasing down the use of HFCs.
It had two set of baselines years were agreed for developing countries. India along with nine
other countries will have baseline years of 2024, 2025, 2026.
India will completely phase down of HFCs in 4 steps from 2032 onwards with cumulative
reduction of 10% in 2032, 20% in 2037, 30% in 2042 and 85% in 2047
It also gives additional HCFC allowance of 65% that will be added to the Indian baseline
consumption and production.
Other developing countries including China (largest producer of HFCs in the world), South
Africa and Brazil opted for 2020-22 baseline.
The developed countries on the other will hand reduce use of HFCs over a 2011-13 baseline
and will reduce production and consumption of HFCs by 70% in 2029.
The freeze year for India will be 2028 and it will be with a condition that there will be a
technology review in 2024/2025.
Indias position was mainly aimed at allowing sufficient room for growth of its domestic
sectors using refrigerants.
Background
The Montreal Protocol of the Vienna Convention for Protection of Ozone Layer which
entered force in January 1989 aimed to phase out the ozone depleting substances (ODS).
At Kigali, it was decide to include HFCs in the list of chemicals under the Montreal Protocol
in order to regulate their production, consumption and phasing them out with time.
It also added mechanism to provide financial assistance from the Multilateral Fund created
under the Montreal Protocol.
Under it, funding for R&D and servicing sector in developing countries also was included in
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the agreed solutions on finance.

Kigali amendments to the Montreal Protocol also for the first time will incentivise
improvement in energy efficiency in case of use of new refrigerant and technology.
Note: HFCs are not ODS but potent global warming substances and controlling them can
contribute substantially to limit global temperature and advance actions for addressing
climate change.
India inks Rs 5,000 crore defence deal with US to buy 145 M777 howitzers
December 1, 2016
India has signed government-to-government (G2G) deal with the United States (US) to buy 145
M-777 Ultra-Light Howitzers worth $750 million under the Foreign Military Sales programme.
The deal was signed at the two-day meeting of the 15th India-US Military Cooperation Group
(MCG) held in New Delhi.
This is the first defence deal signed by India for purchasing artillery guns since the Bofors scandal in
1980s. It was recently cleared by the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) headed by Prime
Minister Narendra Modi.
Under this deal
M777 howitzers manufacturer BAE Systems will conclude an offset agreement estimated at
about $200 million. 25 guns will come to India in a fly-away condition.
Remaining 120 guns will be assembled at the proposed Assembly Integration and Test facility
for the weapon system in India.
BAE Systems already has selected the Mahindra group as the local offset partner.
India-US MCG: It is a bilateral forum established to progress Defence Cooperation between HQ
Integrated Defence Staff (India) and US Pacific Command at strategic and operational levels.
About Ultra-Light Howitzers (ULH) artillery Guns
It is manufactured by BAE Systems Global Combat Systems division. It is smaller and lighter. It
weighs 4,100 kg and can be easily transported by helicopters. It has effective firing range of 24 km.
Comment
M777 Ultra-Light Howitzers artillery guns induction will give Indian defence forces a much needed
operational advantage and an access to state of art technology. These guns will be deployed in high-
altitude areas in Arunachal Pradesh and Ladakh, bordering China.
economy
December 1, 2016
The NITI Aayog has constituted a 13 member Committee on promotion of cashless society and
digital economy. It will be headed by Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu.
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Chief Ministers of Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Sikkim, Puducherry and Maharashtra representing
different political parties are its members.
It been constituted in line with the Union Governments thinking
To promote financial inclusion, transparency and healthy financial ecosystem nationwide.
To give a boost to adoption of digital payments systems by people at grass root levels and
small businesses.
Terms of Reference of the Committee
Identify best global practices for economy based on digital payment and examine possibility of
adopting them in the country.
Identify and outline measures for rapid expansion and adoption of system of digital payments
like Debit and Credit cards, internet banking, Digital-wallets, UPI, banking apps etc and
broadly indicate road map to be implemented in one year.
Evolve an action plan to reach out to public at large with the objective to create awareness
and help them to understand benefits of switchover to digital economy.
Prepare a roadmap for the administrative machineries in the States to facilitate adoption of
digital modes of financial transactions;
Identify and address bottlenecks pertaining to adoption of the steps required to move towards
a digital payments economy and also indicate solutions for it.
Benefits of digitization of payments
Enhances financial inclusion by overcoming physical barriers
Enhances access to financial services rapidly.
Enables formalization of all financial transactions
Increases transparency and plugging leakages from the system.
SC makes national anthem mandatory in cinema halls
December 1, 2016
The Supreme Court has ordered cinema halls to mandatorily play the national anthem before every
screening and all those present in cinema halls have to stand up to show respect.
According to SC such practice, will instil a feeling of committed patriotism and nationalism. It
should be seen as an opportunity for the public to express their love for the motherland.
The SC order was given by bench of Justices Dipak Misra and Amitava Roy on a writ petition by
Shyam Narayan Chouksey in October 2016.
Petition
The petition had focused on the commercial exploitation of the anthem. It had claimed that the
national anthem is sung in various circumstances which are not permissible and can never be
countenanced in law. It had referred to the Prevention of Insults to the Prevention of Insults to
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National Honour Act, 1971 and Article 51 (A) of the Constitution to contend that it was the duty
of every person to show respect when the anthem was played. It pointed out that the national
anthem was being played under unacceptable circumstances. The petitioner had sought the apex
courts intervention to ensure that the protocol laid down in the Prevention of Insults to National
Honour Act, 1971 was followed.
Supreme Order
SC took note of Article 51(A) and held that national anthem is a symbol of the constitutional
patriotism and national quality. It held that cinemas should also display the national flag on screen
when the anthem is played and never play any abridged version of anthem. In order to prevent any
kind of disturbance when the anthem is played all doors in a cinema hall should remain closed. It
event banned exploitation of national anthem for financial benefit. SC ordered that there should be
no dramatisation of the anthem or its inclusion as part of any variety show. The anthem or part of it
should not be printed or displayed in places as it is disgraceful to its status.
Union Cabinet approves inclusion of 15 new castes in Central OBC list
December 1, 2016
The Union Cabinet has given its approval for inclusion of 15 new castes and modification in 13
other castes in the Central list of Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in respect of 8 states.
These states are Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Jammu
& Kashmir and Uttarakhand.
The Union Cabinet took this decision based on the recommendation of the National Commission for
Backward Classes (NCBC).
Key Facts
The NCBC had recommended a total of 28 changes in the existing list of OBCs in respect of 8
states.
Out of these 28 changes, 15 were new entries, 9 were synonyms or sub-castes of castes which
were already in the list and 4 were corrections.
The changes will enable the persons belonging to these communities/castes to avail the
benefits of reservation in Government posts and services.
It will also help them to get benefits in Central Educational Institutions as per the existing
policy.
They will also become eligible to avail benefits under the various welfare schemes,
scholarships etc. administered by Union Government, which are available to persons
belonging to OBCs.
About National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC)
The NCBC was set up as per the NCBC Act, 1993 in pursuance to the Supreme Court judgement in
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the Indra Sawhney case (1992).

Composition
It consist of five Members, comprising of a Chairperson; social scientist; two persons having special
knowledge in matters relating to backward classes and Member-Secretary. Chairperson must be or
has been a judge of Supreme Court or High Court.
Functions
It examines requests for inclusion of any class of citizens as a backward class in the lists of OBCs. It
also hears complaints of under-inclusion or over-inclusion of any backward class in such lists and
tenders such advice to the Union Government as it deems appropriate. The advice of the NCBC is
ordinarily binding upon the Union Government.
So far based on recommendation of NCBC, Government has notified total of 2479 entries including
its synonyms, sub-castes, etc. in Central List of OBCs in 25 States and 6 UTs.
December 2, 2016
Magnus Carlsen wins 2016 Chess Championship title
December 2, 2016
Grandmaster Magnus Carlsen of Norway has won the 2016 World Chess Championship for the
third consecutive time.
He retained the title after defeating Sergey Karjakin of Russia. Karjakin had tied against Carlsen in 12
regular rounds but was beaten in the final phase of four quickfire games.
About Magnus Carlsen
Magnus Carlsen is a Norwegian chess grandmaster. He is No. 1 ranked player in the world
and reigning World Chess Champion in classical, rapid, and blitz.
He became Grandmaster in 2004, at the age of 13 years, 148 days, making him at that time the
second youngest grandmaster in history, although he has since become the third youngest.
His peak rating is 2882, the highest in history of the FIDE rankings.
On 1st January 2010, at the age of 19 years, 32 days, he was the youngest chess player in
history to be ranked world No. 1.
In November 2013, he became World Champion by defeating Viswanathan Anand in the
World Chess Championship.
In 2013, he was named in the Time magazine list of the 100 most influential people in the
world in 2013.
UNESCO includes Yoga in Intangible Cultural Heritage list
December 2, 2016
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has formally
inscribed Yoga in its representative list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
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Decision in this regard was taken by the Inter-governmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the
Intangible Cultural Heritage meeting held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
The declaration describes Yoga, an ancient Indian practice as a Human Treasure. It was unanimously
supported by all the 24 members of inter-governmental Committee.
Other new inscriptions added in the list are Rumba dance (Cuba), Belgian beer (Belgium), Almezmar
(Saudi Arabia), Kuresi (Kazakhstan) and Khidr Elias feast (Iraq), Yama, Hoko, Yatai, float festivals
(Japan), Momoeria, New Years celebration (Greece), practice of organizing shared interests in
cooperatives (Germany),Making and sharing flatbread (Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan), Culture of Jeju
Haenyeo (South Korea), Gada system (Ethiopia),Tahteeb, stick game (Egypt), Music and dance of the
merengue (Dominican Republic), Valencia Fallas festivity (Spain), Solar Term(China), Mangal
Shobhajatra on Pahela Baishakh(Bangladesh).
Background
The proposal for inclusion of Yoga in this list was forwarded by the Union Ministry of External
Affairs (MEA) immediately after the first International Yoga Day was on 21st June 2016. The dossier
in this regard was forwarded by MEA through the Sangeet Natak Akademi. Indias proposal for
nominating Yoga had stressed upon its pan-Indian and global expanse, health benefits and practised
by people from all communities.
About UNESCOs list of Intangible Cultural Heritage
The UNESCOs coveted list is made up of those intangible heritage elements that help
demonstrate diversity of cultural heritage and raise awareness about its importance.
It was established in 2008 after Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural
Heritage, 2003 came into effect.
It compiles two lists viz. Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of
Humanity and List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding.
Now, the list includes 814 cultural sites, 203 natural and 35 with both cultural and natural
qualities.
List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity from India
Koodiyattam: Sanskrit Theatre of Kerala.
Mudiyett: theatre ritual of Kerala.
Tradition of Vedic Chanting.
Kalbelia: folk songs and dances of Rajasthan.
Ramlila: Traditional Performance of the Ramayana.
Sankirtana: singing, drumming and dancing ritual of Manipur.
Ramman: religious festival and ritual theatre of Garhwal Himalayas.
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Traditional brass and copper craft of utensil of Thatheras: Punjab.

Chhau dance: classical Indian dance originated in the eastern Indian states.
Buddhist chanting of Ladakh: recitation of sacred Buddhist texts in Ladakh region of
Jammu and Kashmir.
TeamIndus to launch Indias first private moon mission in 2017
December 2, 2016
TeamIndus, a private aerospace starup company is planning to send a spacecraft to the moon aboard
an Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) rocket on December 28, 2017.
It will be Indias first private moon mission to be launched. It will be launched onboard of ISROs
workhorse Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV).
Key Facts
TeamIndus moon missions aim is to land this spacecraft on the moon. It will also travel at
least 500 metres and beam high- definition images, video and data back to the earth.
Except for the launch vehicle, all of the technology that will power the lander and rover will
be developed in-house by TeamIndus.
For launching purpose TeamIndus has signed an agreement Antrix, the commercial arm of
ISRO.
ISROs workhorse PSLV will launch the TeamInduss spacecraft in a three-day window
centred on December 28, 2017.
After completing a rotation around the earth, the spacecraft will land in 21 days at Mare
Imbrium, a region in the North-Western hemisphere of the Moon.
If the mission goes successful, it would likely pip ISROs proposed moon-lander mission
Chandrayaan 2. It launch date is not yet formally announced.
Background
TeamIndus is one of the four international teams and the only one from India that are running for
the Google Lunar XPRIZE, a $30 million competition. The competition aims to encourage private
companies to launch space missions. Other three international teams include two US based
companies, Moon Express and Synergy Moon and one Israeli company SPACE 1 L. So far, all of
them have announced agreements with space-launch-vehicle companies such as SpaceX.
About TeamIndus
TeamIndus is Bengaluru-based private aerospace company. It is led by Rahul Narayan.
It has 100-member team of engineers, space enthusiasts, former Air Force pilots and former
ISRO employees.
It has high-profile investors, including Ratan Tata of the Tata Group; Binny and Sachin
Bansal, co-founders of Flipkart and Nandan Nilekani, co-founder of Infosys
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Israeli scientists create worlds first water-wave laser

December 2, 2016
Scientists from Israel have created the worlds first water-wave laser that emits a beam through the
interaction of light and water waves.
The study conducted by team of researchers from Technion-Israel Institute of Technology led by
Professor Tal Carmon.
Significance of this research
A typical laser can be created when the electrons in atoms become excited by energy absorbed from
an outside source causing them to emit radiation in the form of laser light. However, the water-wave
laser for the first time showed that water wave oscillations within a liquid device can also generate
laser radiation. It also successfully demonstrated nonlinear optics and water waves, two areas of
research that were previously considered unrelated to one another.
How it works?
In this case, researchers had created a device in which an optical fibre delivers light into a tiny
droplet of octane and water.
The energy is emitted by the droplet when light waves and water waves pass through each
other many times (about one million times) inside the droplet
The interaction between the fibre optic light and the miniscule vibrations on surface of the
droplet creates an echo i.e. interaction of sound waves causing it to emit radiation.
Event when minute pressure is applied by light it can cause droplet deformation that is a
million times greater than in a typical optomechanical device. It may offer greater control of
the lasers emissions.
In order to increase this echo effect in the device, highly transparent, runny liquids was used
to encourage light and droplet interactions.
Potential Applications
The water-wave laser may be used in lab-on-a-chip devices to study cell biology and test new drug
therapies. It can be used in tiny sensors that combine light waves, sound and water waves. It also
offers scientists a playground for studying the interaction of light and fluid at a scale smaller than the
width of a human hair.
Trial run of Lucknow Metro flagged off
December 2, 2016
The Trial run of Lucknow Metro train was flagged off by Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav. He also
dedicated the Metro Train Depot to the public.
The solo trial run of the metro was undertaken by two young women pilots Prachi Sharma and
Priyanka Sharma .
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The trail run of the first phase of metro project covers around four kms between Transport Nagar
and Single Nagar Metro stations.
Key Facts
The first phase of Lucknow metro project, famously known as North South corridor connects
Lucknow airport to Munshipulia.
This phase of metro project was undertaken by Lucknow Metro Rail Corporation (LMRC), a
joint project of UP Government and Union Government
It has a total length of 23 Kms and covers 21 stations of which eight are elevated. It will be
open to public from 26th March 2017 after 3 months of rigorous trial.
Metro man E Sreedharan has been the principal advisor of LMRC. Previously, he has
successfully handled many mega projects like Kolkata Metro, Delhi Metro and Konkan
Railways.
President presents 2nd ICCR Indologist award to Prof. Yu Long Yu
December 2, 2016
The second Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) Indologis Award for the year 2016 was
awarded to Prof. Yu Long Yu of China.
He was presented with this award by President Pranab Mukherjee at a function in Rashtrapati
Bhavan, New Delhi.
About Prof. Yu Long Yu
He is Professor and Director at the Centre for Indian Studies, Shenzhen University. He has
studied Indology for half a century and is the pioneer for Indology in South China.
He has set up the Centre for Indian Studies and Tan Yunshan Sino-Indian Friendship
Museum in Shenzhen University.
About ICCR Indologist Award
It is an annual award instituted by ICCR. It carries prize amount of US$ 20000.
It is bestowed upon eminent Indologists working abroad who have made outstanding
contribution to the study/research/teaching of Indias history, philosophy, thought, art,
culture, literature, languages, civilization, society etc.
The first award was presented to Prof. Heinrich Freiherr Von Stietencron of Germany in
2015.
Union HRD Ministry launches Vittiya Saksharata Abhiyan
December 2, 2016
Vittiya Saksharata Abhiyan (VISAKA) was launched by the Union Ministry for Human Resource
Development (HRD) to make people aware about cashless economic system.
It was launched by Union HRD minister Prakash Javadekar in New Delhi. It is campaign by Higher
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Educational institutions for digital econmy.

Key Facts
VISAKA aims to create awareness among people about digital economy and cashless modes
of transactions
It was launched on line with Prime Ministers appeal to youth in Mann Ki Baat for creating
awareness for making India digital and cashless economy.
Under it, young students and faculty members will be roped to encourage and motivate
people to use a digitally enabled cashless economic system for transfer of fund.
For active participation of youth and faculty, HRD Minister also launched a webpage where
students can register themselves.
On this website, students and faculty members also can provide their feedback and
suggestions on the initiative as well as upload the progress of their work.
BSF celebrates 51st Raising Day
December 2, 2016
The Border Security Force (BSF), the biggest border guarding force in the world celebrated its 51st
Anniversary of Raising Day.
Various cultural programmes were organised for BSF veterans and personnel during the Raising Day
celebrations.
On this occasion, Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh presented prestigious Maharana Pratap
Trophy- 2016 on the BSF Punjab Frontier.
About Border Security Force (BSF)
BSF is the sentinels of Indian borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh. It came into existence on
1st December, 1965.
It was created by merging various State Armed Police Battalions for achieving a better
coordinated synergy between the border guarding functions in peace time and fighting the
war during the eventuality on both Western and Eastern fronts.
BSF is deployed on Indo-Pakistan International Border, Indo-Bangladesh International
Border, Line of Control (LoC) along with Indian Army and in Anti-Naxal Operations.
Since its inception, BSF has proven its credentials during various counter insurgency and
anti-militancy operations, internal security duties, natural calamities etc.
Delhi High Court reverses ban on fixed dose combination drugs
December 2, 2016
The Delhi High Court has quashed ban imposed on 344 fixed dose combination (FDC) drugs by the
Central Government over fears that they are potential health and safety hazards.
The HC held that Centre had acted in a haphazard manner and did not take the advice of the
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statutory bodies under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act before issuing ban notification.
What is the issue?
India is one of the worlds largest markets for FDC drugs that make up almost half the market share.
The Union Health Ministry had imposed the ban on 344 FDC drugs under Section 26A of Drugs and
Cosmetics Act in March 2016 for being unsafe and not having a therapeutic justification. The ban
was imposed based on the recommendations of Kokate committee. It was imposed over fears that
these drugs cause anti-microbial resistance and might even cause organ-failure because of high toxicity. It
also aimed at curbing the misuse of medicines. However, the pharmaceutical companies contend that
no prior enquiry was made from them or show cause notice issued prior to ban notification by the
Central Government. They also held that these drugs in the same combination are being marketed in
other countries.
What Delhi High Court ruling says?
The Central Government acted in a haphazard manner without following procedure prescribed in
the Drugs and Cosmetics Act. Government did not take the advice of the statutory bodies such as
Drugs Technical Advisory Body (DTAB) and the Drugs Consultative Committee (DCC) before
imposing ban. Power cannot be exercised in public interest for any reason other than the drug being
risky or not having any therapeutic value.
What are Fixed dose combinations (FDC) Drugs?
FDC drugs are drugs having two or more active ingredients in a single dosage. They are widely used
to improve patient compliance as it is easier for them to take one drug than several. They are
acceptable only when the drugs so combined have a therapeutic advantage.
December 3, 2016
Rakesh Asthana takes additional charge as Director of CBI
December 3, 2016
The Union Government has given senior IPS officer Rakesh Asthana additional charge of the post of
Director, Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
He took charge following retirement of Anil Sinha. He was given this charge after government failed
to find any full-time Director for CBI. This is the first time in last 10 years and only the second time
in the CBIs history that no new Director has been named to succeed an incumbent.
About Rakesh Asthana
Rakesh Asthana is 1984 batch IPS officer of Gujarat Cadre. Prior to this appointment he was
serving as additional director in the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
He had held several important assignments in Gujarat. He has also served as the
commissioner of police, Vadodara and Surat.
He had headed the special investigation team (SIT), which probed the Godhra train arson of
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February 2002.
About Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)
CBI is the foremost investigative police agency in India. It derives power to investigate from
the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946
It was established in 1941 as the Special Police Establishment. It was renamed to present
nomenclature in 1963.
Headquarters: New Delhi.
Motto: Industry, Impartiality, Integrity.
It is headed by Director, an IPS officer of DGP rank. He is selected as per the provisions of
Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) Act, 2003
The CBI Director is selected by a collegium comprising Prime Minister, Chief Justice of India
and Leader of Opposition or leader of the largest party in opposition in Lok Sabha.
Hornbill Festival begins in Nagaland
December 3, 2016
The Hornbill Festival began in the Naga Heritage village of Kisama. The festival coincides with the
Statehood Day of Nagaland which is observed on December 1.
It is tourism promotional extravaganza to revive, protect and preserve the richness and uniqueness
of the Naga heritage. It is also called as the Festival of Festivals.
Key Facts
Hornbill Festival is celebrated in Nagaland every year in the first week of December. It is one
of the biggest indigenous festivals of the country.
The festival is a tribute to Hornbill, the most admired and revered bird for the Nagas for its
qualities of alertness and grandeur.
The majestic bird is closely identified with the social and cultural life of the Nagas as reflected
in tribal folklore, dances and songs.
It is organized by the State Tourism and Art & Culture Departments. It is also supported by
the Union Government.
The Hornbill Festival provides a colourful mixture of dances, performances, crafts, parades,
games, sports, food fairs and religious ceremonies.
It exposes both the culture and tradition of tribal peoples, and reinforces Nagalands identity
as a unique state in Indias federal union.
It was established on 1st December 1963 and was inaugurated by the then President Dr. S
Radhakrishnan.
Over the years festival has become a unique platform for tourists to witness cultural diversity
not only of the Nagas and other seven sister states of the northeastern region.
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SC approves Centres Graded Response System to tackle air pollution in Delhi-NCR

December 3, 2016
The Supreme Court has approved Central Governments Graded Response Action Plan to tackle
different levels of pollution in Delhi-NCR.
The apex court also has asked Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) to upgrade its existing
infrastructure and set up additional monitoring stations in Delhi-NCR.
Graded Response Action Plan
The enforcement of action plan will be under orders of Environment Pollution (Control and Prevention)
Authority (EPCA). All other authorities will act in aid of such direction. It has enumerated a number
of measures which include closing brick kilns, stone crushers, hot mix plants, intensifying public
transport services besides increase in frequency of mechanised cleaning of road and sprinkling of
water on roads to tackle problem of pollution.
Common Pollution Code
The action plan proposes common pollution code for Delhi-NCR to provide graded response
to health emergencies caused by noxious air due to pollution.
The code categorises the severity of the pollutants present in the air into four categories-
moderate to poor, very poor, severe, very Severe or emergency depending upon the level of
pollutants in air.
Under it, when particulate matter (PM) 2.5 levels are above 250 to 430 micrograms per cubic
metre in the ambient air it will be termed as severe levels of pollution.
After air pollution reaches such alarming proportions, immediate steps will be taken. It
includes ban on construction activities and implementation of road space rationing schemes.
Chinas capital city Beijing also has a similar pollution code where regular colour-coded alerts are
issued based on the levels of toxic particles in the air.
Russian Scientist develop new cheap way to produce nuclear fuel using electricity
December 3, 2016
Scientists from Russia have developed a new unique, low-cost method for producing high-quality
nuclear fuel using electricity.
It is alternative novel method that forms the basis of powder metallurgy and involves electric pulse
sintering under pressure.
The main type of fuel for nuclear power reactors is the uranium oxide pellet composition. It is
produced from a powder by granulation, pressing, and sintering (coalescing into a solid or porous
mass by heating) with the subsequent control of the quality and size of the pellets.
Key Facts
In the new method, the mould is heated by passing electric current with the uranium oxide
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pellet powder placed in.

The uranium oxide fuel is simultaneously influenced by the powerful pulse discharge and
mechanical pressure
Advantages
Products of high quality are obtained in low cost.
Reduces number of production stages without increasing the cost.
Fuel pellets can be produced even from uranium dioxide powder, which is not suitable for the
conventional technology.
UAE-based Indian girl Kehkashan Basu wins 2016 International Childrens Peace Prize
December 3, 2016
UAE based Indian environmental activist Kehkashan Basu (16) has won 2016 prestigious
International Childrens Peace Prize.
She was bestowed with this prestigious award for her fight for climate justice and combating
environmental degradation.
She was presented with the award by Bangladeshs Nobel peace laureate Mohammad Yunus at a
glittering ceremony held in The Hague, Netherlands.
About Kehkashan Basu
She had started campaign to educated her neighbours on the importance of saving the
environment at tender age of eight.
She had brought together children to collect and recycle waste and also plant trees.
She had founded her environmental organisation Green Hope based in the United Arab
Emirates at the age of twelve.
Through it, she has initiated countless cleanup operations and awareness campaigns. Now the
organisation has more than 1,000 volunteers in 10 countries around the world.
The organisation has successfully implemented environmental projects, including planting
5,000 trees in Colombia, Mexico, France, Nepal, Oman and the United States.
About International Childrens Peace Prize
It is awarded annually to a child who has made a significant contribution to advocating
childrens rights and improving the situation of vulnerable children.
It carries monetary award 100,000 euro ($106,000) investment for projects in the winners
home country.
The prize was launched in 2005 by Marc Dullaert, Chairman and Founder of the Amsterdam-
based childrens rights organization, KidsRights.
In 2006, Indias Om Prakash Gurjar was given this award for setting up network of child
friendly villages to give all children a birth certificate to protect them from exploitation.
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Pre-historic camping site found in Ladakh

December 3, 2016
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has found an ancient camping site used by pre-historic
man, at an altitude of about 4,200 metres near Saser La in Nubra Valley, Ladakh.
The camping site is a place where hunter-gatherers in the ancient times stayed temporarily before
they moved on to another place.
Key Facts
This camping site is located in Saser La which leads to the Karakoram Pass. It was used for a
seasonal settlement not a permanent settlement.
Charcoal pieces from the earth activity and remains of bones associated were discovered at
the site.
The carbon dating of these charcoal pieces reveals that, the site dates back to circa 8500 BCE.
Comment
Saser La site is the earliest camping site discovered in Ladakh on the basis of a scientific date. Prior it,
Ladakh region was not having any archaeological importance. Thus, it is considered as remarkable
discovery. Earlier, only 6th century CE to 7th century CE remains were reported in Ladakh.
Mercosur revokes membership of Venezuela
December 3, 2016
The South American economic bloc Mercosur has suspended Venezuela from it for violating the
blocs democratic principles and failing to meet its basic standards.
The membership was revoked by the Foreign Ministers of the four founding members of Mercosur
Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay.
Why Venezuela was suspended?
Venezuela was blocked after it failed to comply with its commitments given when it had joined the
group in 2012. It also failed to meet December 1, 2016 deadline to adopt certain standards and rules
required for membership of the bloc. The bloc considered Venezuela as burden for the economic
group due to its poor performance of the economy, colluding with the goals of the bloc. It is also
suffering from broken economic system (worlds highest inflation and crumbling currency),
corruption problem and is close to civil unrest. Since 2015, tensions between Venezuela and its
Mercosur partners had exacerbated. Earlier in 2016, the bloc had stopped Venezuela from assuming
the rotating presidency.
About Mercosur
Mercosur is a sub-regional bloc of South American countries. Its purpose is to promote free
trade and the fluid movement of goods, people, and currency.
It was established in 1991 and its headquarters are located at Montevideo (Uruguay). It calls
itself the common market of the South America.
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At present, it is a full customs union and a trading bloc. Its full members are Argentina, Brazil,
Paraguay and Uruguay.
Its associate countries are Chile, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador and Suriname. Besides,
New Zealand, Mexico are observer countries.
Public Financial Management System to save interest costs of Government
December 3, 2016
The Public Financial Management System (PFMS) after implemented on full scale will help Union
Government to save a significant amount on interest costs.
It will allow the government to monitor and access the more than Rs.1 lakh crore of idle funds lying
with it under various heads. Once government access these funds through PFMS, it need does not
need to borrow that amount.
Government is planning to roll out this platform from next financial year i.e. April 2017 along with
Goods and Services Tax (GST). It will be integrated with IT network of the GST.
What is Public Financial Management System?
PFMS is an electronic fund tracking mechanism compiles, collates and makes available in
real-time, information regarding all government schemes.
Besides, it will significantly provide government real-time information on resource
availability and utilisation across schemes.
In addition it allow government expenditure to adopt a Just-in- Time (JIT) approach, with
payments made only when they are needed.
India, Qatar inks five agreements
December 3, 2016
India and Qatar have signed five agreements including in the field of visas, cyberspace and
investments.
These agreements were signed after bilateral talks held between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and
his Qatari counterpart Sheikh Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani in New Delhi.
Singed Agreements are
Protocol on Technical Cooperation in cyber space and combating cybercrime.
Letter of Intent on an Agreement on grant of e-Visa for businessmen and tourists
MoU on greater collaboration and exchange in the field of national ports management.
Agreement on exemption from visa requirement for holders of diplomatic, special and official
passports.
MoU between Qatars Supreme Committee for Delivery and Legacy and Confederation of
Indian Industry (CII).
Bilateral talks
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Both sides held bilateral talks on key issues of energy, trade and security. India expressed its keenness
to invest in hydrocarbon projects in Qatar. They also agreed to enhance cooperation in defence and
security in particular in cybersecurity and jointly tackle money laundering and terrorist financing.
Qatar welcomed Indian investment in the port sector of Qatar. It also invited Indias participation in
infrastructure and investment opportunities coming up in the wake of Qatar hosting the FIFA
World Cup in 2022. They also discussed the regional situation, particularly in Iraq, Syria and
Yemen.
India-Qatar Relations
India enjoys close and friendly relations with Qatar. The relationship is based on mutually beneficial
commercial exchanges and extensive people-to-people contacts. Qatar is one of the most important
trading partner of India in the Gulf region and important contributor to Indias energy security. It is
the largest supplier of LNG to India, accounting for 66% of the total imports in 2015-16. Indians
form the largest expatriate community (around 630,000) in Qatar. They have provided positive
contribution in the progress and development of Qatar.
December 4, 5, 2016
Usain Bolt, Almaz Ayana crowned 2016 IAAF World Athlete of the year award
December 5, 2016
Sprint king Usain Bolt from Jamaica has been awarded the 2016 IAAF World Athlete of the Year
award in male category for sixth time. Earlier he had won it in 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2013.
He was rewarded for his blistering performance in 2016 season in which he won three gold medals
(100m, 200m and 4x100m relay) at the 2016 Rio Olympics. Bolt had won three gold medals, each in
the 100 meters, 200 meters and 4100 meters at the Rio Olympics, repeating his feats of the 2012
London Games and in Beijing in 2008.
Almaz Ayana of Ethiopia won the award in womens award category. She was presented with the
award for her world-record run to win Olympic gold medal in the 10,000 meters. She is the third
Ethiopian woman to win this award following Genzebe Dibaba (2015) and Meseret Defar (2007).
Other awards
Male Rising Star: Andre De Grasse (Canada).
Female Rising Star: Nafissatou Thiam (Belgium).
Coaching Achievement: Harry Marra (US).
Presidents Award: Tegla Loroupe.
Women in Athletics: Polyxeni Argeitaki (Greece).
About IAAF World Athlete of the year award
The awards are presented annually by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF).
The winners are chosen by athletics officials, athletes, journalists and an online public poll.
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4 December: Navy Day

December 5, 2016
The Indian Navy Day is observed annually on 4 December to celebrate the magnificence,
achievements and role of the naval force of the country.
Indian Navy is one of most potent maritime forces in the world and the most lethal in Indian Ocean.
On the occasion of 45th Navy Day, President Pranab Mukherjee extended greetings to all members
of the Indian Navy and their families.
Why Navy Day is celebrated?
The observance of the day commemorates the launch of Operation Trident by the Indian Navy
against Pakistan on 4th December, 1971. During the 1971 India-Pakistan war, the Indian Navy had
played a significant role in the bombing of the Karachi harbour, the stronghold of the Pakistani
Navy. In this attack, Indian Navy sank four Pakistani vessels and ravaged the Karachi harbour fuel
fields. In this operation, three missile boats of the Indian Navy, INS Nirghat, INS Nipat and INS Veer
had played a pivotal role.Operation Trident had also resulted in first use of anti-ship missiles in the
Arabian Sea region.
7th World Ayurveda Congress held in Kolkata
December 5, 2016
The 7th World Ayurveda Congress (WAC) was held from December 2 to 4, 2016 at Science City in
Kolkata, West Bengal.
It was organised by the World Ayurveda Foundation with the support of the Union Ministry of
AYUSH to facilitate development and growth of AYUSH system of medicine comprising
Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy.
Key Facts
The focus theme of the Ayurveda Congress was Strengthening the Ayurveda
Ecosystem.
The major components of the congress were public outreach session, Ayurveda Clinics for
the general public and Public Lectures.
During the 7th WAC, 5 plenary sessions, 25 parallel sessions and a large number of paper
presentations were also held.
On behest of PHARMEXCIL and Union Ministry of Commerce & Industry, buyer seller meet
was also held to boost the export potential of the Ayurvedic Industry.
Besides, to facilitate development and growth of AYUSH system of medicine the AYUSH ministry
also had organised AROGYA Expo. It was inaugurated by Union Minister for AYUSH Shripad Naik.
Assams Hailakandi becomes 1st district to pay cashless transactions wages
December 5, 2016
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Hailakandi district of Assam has become the first district to pay wages to tea garden workers through
individual bank accounts.
It completed this task before the December 15, 2016 deadline set by the state government for cashless
transactions of salary payments to the plantation workers.
Key Facts
At least 504 workers of Burnie Braes tea estate received their wages through bank accounts.
The payment was made through five Banking Correspondents (CSPs) of Assam Gramin
Vikash Bank.
Such payments were possible due to the effort bankers, tea garden managements and mobile
service providers.
Following demonetisation of old high value 500 Rupees and 1000 Rupees currency notes, Assam
government had set December 15, 2016 as the deadline for cashless transactions to tea plantation
workers.
RBI to introduce new 20 & 50 rupee currency notes
December 5, 2016
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is going to issue new currency notes of Twenty and Fifty rupees
denomination in the Mahatma Gandhi Series-2005.
All old the previous currency notes of old Rs. 20 and Rs. 50 denomination issued by the Bank will
continue to be legal tender.
Key Facts
The 50 rupees note will be without inset letter in both the number panels.
The 20 rupees note will be with inset letter L in both the number panels.
Both notes will bear signature of incumbent RBI Governor Dr. Urjit R Patel. The year 2016
will be printed on the reverse of both the notes.
Earlier in November 2016, the Union Government had decided to ban Rs 500 and Rs 1000
denomination bank notes, in a move to curb black money. Subsequently a new Rs 500 banknote and
Rs 2000 with advance security features were also issued. However, Rs 1000 notes have not been
issued yet.
For more information: (i) How Currency is Issued in India? (ii) Demonetisation and Its
Implications for India
CERT-In warns micro-ATMs against malware attacks
December 5, 2016
The premier cyber security agency CERT-In has cautioned bankers, customers and traders against
skimming and malware attacks on micro ATMs and Point of Sale (POS) terminals.
The move comes as usage of POS and micro-ATMs counters have witnessed a sharp surge post
demonetisation. It has asked to adopt high-end encryption to plug possible breaches.
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In this regard, CERT-In has issued two specific advisories for micro-Automated Teller Machines and
POS terminals.
What are potential threats?
Skimming: It is the theft of classified credit/debit card data. Using this method, a hacker
(thief) can obtain the victims card number using a small electronic device near the card
acceptance slot and store hundreds of card details at a time.
Social engineering attack: It can be engineered at these banking and POS facilities, by
gaining trust of the card owner as the fraudster poses as a member of staff.
What the CERT-In advisory says?
Micro-ATMs security features must be strong and updated in order to check attempts by
hackers who stealthily plan to steal private customer and bank data.
Point to Point Encryption (P2PE) should be used to minimise this risk as it will encrypt the
card data and keep it encrypted to the maximum extent throughout its life.
Banks and micro ATM operators must use some counter-measures to thwart cyberattacks.
Micro ATM must not transmit any confidential data unencrypted on the network. It must
automatically log out the operator and lock itself after a period of inactivity.
Operators must keep all micro ATM software, application, anti-virus regularly updated and
educate the customer about basic functionalities and security best practises.
Customers must render due diligence of securing their PIN and not sharing vital details with
strangers.
Micro ATM: It work with minimal power and connect to central banking servers through a GPRS
network. It enables the un-banked rural population to access banking services in their villages or
towns. It offers facilities of deposit, withdrawal, balance enquiry, issuance of mini-statement and
funds transfer.
CERT-In (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team): It is the nodal agency that deals with
cyber security threats like hacking and phishing. It is government organisation under Union
Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology. It aims to strengthen security-related defence
of the Indian Internet domain.
Stanpan Suraksha app launched to promote breastfeeding
December 5, 2016
The Union Tribal Affairs Minister Jual Oram launched Stanpan Suraksha mobile application to
promote breastfeeding and keep a tab on inappropriate promotion of baby food items.
The mobile application has been developed by the Breastfeeding Promotion Network of India
(BPNI).
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Key Facts
Stanpan Suraksha is first-of-its-kind app deveopled for promoting breastfeeding and baby
food promotion reporting mechanism.
Using it any person can click a photograph of inappropriate baby food promotion around
them and related equipment and send it to BPNI.
The app also has a city-wise database of trained breastfeeding counsellor to educate and
provide assistance to mothers during antenatal and postnatal period.
It has sign up option for mothers who wish to become a breastfeeding counsellor, pledging
for petition and donation.
It aims to become instrumental in gathering incremental evidence to report on promotion of
baby foods from remote locations.
What is the issue?
Undermining of the breastfeeding practices is rampant in the country mainly due to cultural barriers
and myths associated with breastfeeding. 79% of the babies are delivered in institutions, out of which
only 45% given breastmilk in the first hour. To address this problem Union Government had
launched MAA (Mothers Absolute Affection) programme.
6th Heart of Asia conference held in Amritsar, Punjab
December 5, 2016
The sixth edition of Heart of Asia- Istanbul Process of Aghanistan conference, an annual regional
gathering of Asian and other countries was held in Amritsar, Punjab (India).
It was inaugurated jointly by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Afghan President Ashraf Ghani. It
concluded with adaptation of Amritsar Declaration with its prime focus on terrorism.
Key Facts
The delegates from nearly 40 countries and leading groupings like EU participated in
conference. Indian delegation was led by Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley.
The theme of this edition of the conference was Addressing Challenges, Achieving
Prosperity.
The three big issues of the conference were (i) countering terrorism to create stability in
Afghanistan, (ii) Providing Afghanistan connectivity to strengthen economic activities and
(iii) the development which is essential for its progress.
Amritsar Declaration
Terrorism: It is the biggest threat to peace and security. It needs to be ended in all forms of
terrorism and all support financial and safe havens providing sanctuary to it.
Expressed concern over violence caused in Afghanistan and region by terrorists groups like
Al Qaeda, Lashkar-e-Toiba, Daesh (ISIS) and Jaish-e-Mohammed. It also mentions Haqqani
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Network.
Drug menace: There is urgency to respond to the nexus between drug menace and its
financial support for terrorist entities in Afghanistan.
CCIT: Early finalisation of the draft comprehensive convention on international terrorism
(CCIT).
Early meeting of experts must be held to discuss a draft regional counter terrorism
framework strategy, recently prepared by Afghanistan for its early finalisation.
Connectivity: Reiterated strong support from Heart of Asia countries for use of
Afghanistans location to enhance wider and regional economic cooperation.
Specific initiatives for regional connectivity including Iran-India-Afghanistan trilateral
agreement on developing Chabahar were acknowledged
OBOR: Welcomes the MOU on Jointly Building the Silk Road Economic Belt (OBOR) and
the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road between China and Afghanistan.
International community and ANDSF: Welcomed agreements between the international
community and Afghanistan for continued financial support to the Afghanistan National
Defence and Security Forces (ANDSF) until 2020.
About Heart of Asia
HoA conference is a part of the Istanbul Process established 2011 which provides a platform
to discuss an agenda of regional cooperation with Afghanistan at its centre.
It was seeks to provide a platform to discuss regional issues, particularly encouraging security,
political, and economic cooperation among Afghanistan and its neighbours.
Its three main elements are (i) Political Consultation involving Afghanistan and its near
and extended neighbours. (ii) Achieving sustained incremental approach to implementation
of Confidence Building Measures (CBMs) identified in the Istanbul Process document. (iii)
Seeks to contribute and bring greater coherence to work of various regional processes and
organisations, particularly as they relate to Afghanistan.
14 participating countries: Russia, China, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Azerbaijan and Turkey.
These countries engage in result-oriented cooperation for a peaceful and stable Afghanistan
and, by extension, a secure and prosperous region as a whole.
Supporting countries: Australia, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Italy,
Iraq, Japan, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, UK and US.
Supporting Organisations: UN, NATO, SAARC, SCO (Shanghai Cooperation
Organisation) and OIC (Organisation of Islamic Cooperation).
46
December 6, 2016
Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Jayalalithaa passes away
December 6, 2016
Tamil Nadu Chief Minister J Jayalalithaa passed away at the Apollo Hospitals, Chennai following
cardiac arrest. She was 68.
Jayalalithaa was one of the countrys most articulate and determined political personalities and a top
film actress of the 1960s and 1970s. She was famously known as Puratchi Thalaivi Amma
(revolutionary leader) or Amma.
About J Jayalalithaa
Born on 24 February 1948 at Melkote in Mandya district in then Mysore State (now
Karnataka). At birth she was named Komalavalli and was renamed Jayalalithaa.
She had entered into film industry when she was 16 years old. Her debut as lead actress wasi n
a Kannada film Vennira Aadai in 1955.
She was launched into Tamil films starring as the heroine in MGRs Ayirathil Oruvan. Since
then both have acted together in 28 films, many of them super hits.
In her acting career, she had acted in more than 140 films in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada,
Malayalam, Hindi and English.
She was also known for her dancing skills and was often referred as the uncrowned queen of
Tamil cinema.
She had entered into politics in 1982 under the mentorship of co-star and then Chief
Minister M.G. Ramachandran (MGR), the founder of the AIADMK.
After death of MGR in 1987, she took charge of the party and became chief minister of Tamil
Nadu for first time in 1991.
She served as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for six times from 1991 to 1996 (1st time), in
2001 (2nd time), from 2002 to 2006 (3rd time), from 2011 to 2014 (4th time), 2015 to 2016
(5th time) and May 2016 to December 2016 (sixth time).
Since 2011, Jayalalithaa had launched several public welfare schemes doling out numerous
freebies under the Brand Amma.
Some of such schemes are Amma Unavagam (canteen), Amma Water, Amma Salt. These
schemes had won accolades nationally and endearing herself to the masses.
India crosses $300 billion milestone
December 6, 2016
India has received over US $300 billion US Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) milestone between
April 2000 and September 2016.
The cumulative FDI inflows during the period amounted to US $310.26 billion. With this, India
47
firmly established its credentials as a safe investment destination in the world.

Key Facts
33% of the FDI came through the Mauritius route. India received US $101.76 billion dollar
from Mauritius between April 2000 and September 2016.
Top Destinations: Mauritius route is preferred by investors because they wanted to take
advantage of Indias double taxation avoidance treaty (DTAA) with the island nation.
Besides Mauritius, other big investors have been from Singapore, US, UK and the
Netherlands.
Sector wise: Indias services sector received maximum 18% of the cumulative equity FDI
inflows. It was followed by construction development, computer software & hardware,
telecommunication and automobile.
Liberalisation of the FDI policy framework supplemented by major national development
programmes such as Make in India, Skill India and Digital India besides increasing
competitiveness, have made India the preferred choice for investors globally.
Global FDI Status
According to the World Investment Report 2016 released by UNCTAD, global FDI flows rose by
38% to $ 1.76 trillion. It is the highest level since the global economic and financial crisis began in
2008. However, it still remains some 10% short of the 2007 peak. The FDI flows in 2016 are
expected to decline by 10-15%, reflecting fragility of global economy, persistent weakness of
aggregate demand, effective policy measures to curb tax inversion deals. Besides, elevated geopolitical
risks and regional tensions may further amplify the expected downturn of FDI flows.
Amazon launches global startup program Launchpad in India
December 6, 2016
E-commerce giant Amazon has launched its global startup program Launchpad in India. The
program will enable Indian startups to sell their products overseas.
In this regard, Amazon India has tied up with Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion
(DIPP)s Start Up India and NASSCOM.
Amazon also has partnered with NASSCOMs 10,000 Startups and Indian Angel Network (IAN)
along with NITI Aayog, Governments of Maharashtra, Telangana and TiE to help roll in startups.
Key Facts
The Amazon Launchpad was started in 2015. It aims to help startups to sell, market, and
deliver their products to gain more visibility.
Through this programme Amazon partners with startups and sells their products on its e-
commerce platform.
Now it is available in seven regions and features over 400 products from different startups
48
including 25 Indian startups.

Comment
Amazon Launchpad will provide an exceptional opportunity for Indian Startups to get access to big
consumer markets nationally and internationally. Through this program small entrepreneurs and
innovators can leverage Amazons online platform to increase scale of their businesses and get easy
access to global markets.
O Panneerselvam sworn in as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
December 6, 2016
AIADMK leader O. Panneerselvam (65) was sworn in as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu following
death of Chief Minister Jayalalithaa.
He was administered the oath of office and secrecy by Governor Ch. Vidyasagar Rao at a solemn
ceremony held in the Raj Bhavan, Chennai. Besides, all 31 members of the outgoing Ministry from
the Jayalalithaas council of Ministers were sworn in.
This is for third time he has sworn in as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. Earlier he had served CM for
two brief periods from 2001-02 and 2014-15 after Jayalalithaa was unseated from the post by the
courts on various grounds.
Panneerselvam has been a trusted aide of AIADMK supremo Jayalalithaa. After her death, he was
elected the leader of the Legislature Party. He will have remaining four years term of the Jayalalithaa
Government. In Jayalalithaas government he was Minister for Finance and Public Works
Departments since May 2016.
About O Panneerselvam
He was born on January 14, 1951 in Periyakulam, Tamil Nadu. He started his political career
as chairman of Periyakulam Municipality (1996 to 2001).
Previously in Jayalalithaas government he had served as Minister of Revenue Department
(March 2002 to December 2002), Minister for Public Works (December 2002 to May 2006)
and Finance Minister (May 2011 to September 2014).
India to train Vietnams Sukhoi-30 fighter pilots
December 6, 2016
India has agreed to train Vietnams Sukhoi-30 fighter pilots, boosting growing defence ties between
both countries.
In this regard agreement was signed during bilateral discussions between Defence Minister Manohar
Parrikar and his Vietnamese counterpart, General Ngo Xuan Lich in New Delhi.
Key Facts
Air Forces of both countries have signed a programme for cooperation.
It covers a cross-section of activities, including training of pilots and exchange of experts.
49
Under it, Vietnamese pilots will be trained in India. The two Air Forces are working out the
numbers, scope and the cost of training.
Both India and Vietnam operate Russian Su-30 fighter jets. However the models of fighter
jets operated by both countries differ slightly in their configuration.
India already is training Vietnamese sailors in operating Kilo class submarines. Vietnam has
been inducting Russian made Kilo class submarines since January 2014.
Besides, both countries also signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) on peacekeeping as well
as exchange of delegations.
Background
India and Vietnam have steadily stepping up their cooperation, especially in defence sector, against
the backdrop of the growing assertiveness of China in the Southeast and South Asai region.
Recently, bilateral ties between both countries received a further fillip after Prime Minister Narendra
Modi visited Vietnam in September 2016, on his way to the G-20 Summit in Guangzhou, China.
During this visit, the bilateral relationship between both countries was upgraded from a strategic
partnership to a comprehensive strategic partnership.
Researchers found novel route to discover new drug targets
December 6, 2016
Researchers from the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB),
Delhi have found a novel route to discover new drug targets and potential drugs.
These new drug targets route and potential drugs are mainly for parasites such as Loa loa nematode
(roundworm) and Schistosoma mansoni platyhelminths (flatworm) that cause several diseases.
Why these parasites are dangerous?
Both these parasites are the major cause of health burden, particularly in African countries.
They have limited treatment options and there is the threat of drug resistance.
There also little interest in developing drugs for these diseases by pharmaceutical companies
as they do not stand to benefit much commercially.
How it was found out?
Researchers first looked at Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) of the two parasites
instead of blindly screening molecules, which is expensive and takes a long time.
Then they had picked up one of the enzymes that contribute to protein synthesis and
validated it as a drugable target.
The researchers studied the crystal structure of the enzyme with cladosporin, a very potent
compound (drug) that targets these parasites.
It revealed how tightly the compound binds within the active site of the enzyme. Thus, this
approach of looking at the conserved region of the parasites is direct, quicker and cheaper.
50
aaRSs: These are vital enzymes that decode genetic information and enable protein translation. This
enzyme family has 20 members and each one of enzymes contributes to protein synthesis. Even if
one of 20 enzymes is missing then protein synthesis cannot happen.
Joint maritime exercise Konkan 16 between India and UK begins
December 6, 2016
The annual bilateral maritime exercise Konkan 16 between the Indian Navy and the Royal Navy
(British Navy) started in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
The 2016 edition of the exercise (from 05 to 16 December 2016) will play an important chapter in
the maritime interactions. It will familiarise navies of both countries with each others planning
processes and further enhance synergy and inter-operability.
Key Facts
Konkan 16 will be conducted in two phases in Mumbai and Goa. The first phase (05 to 09
December 2016) will be held in Mumbai.
In it there will be a command planning exercise involving the two navies, where planners
from both sides will undertake planning for combined maritime operations.
The second phase is a LIVE EXERCISE (LIVEX) will be held from 12 to 16 December 2016
at Goa. It involves interaction between the Indian Marine Commandos (MARCOs) and the
Royal Marines.
Both phases will involve sharing of best practices and lessons learnt from recent operations,
especially in the field of Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) and Non-
combatant Evacuation Operations (NEO).
Background
The exercise KONKAN has been named after the Western coastal region of India. It was
institutionalised in 2004. Since then, the exercise hosted in rotation by both the Navies. It has grown
in complexity, scale and intensity.
Comment
Successive editions of KONKAN exercises have built on past experiences and have enhanced
operational inter-operability between the two navies. This cooperation between the two navies is a
positive and tangible symbol of commitment in ensuring a positive climate for maritime security and
economic development. It will further strengthen the existing bonds of friendship between India and
UK and enhance Indias capability to work together to contribute towards maritime security in the
global commons.
DTAB suggests one-time licensing for drugs
December 6, 2016
The Drugs Technical Advisory Board (DTAB) recently recommended one-time licensing for
51
manufacture and sales of drugs.

If the recommendation is approved it will change present of the renewal of licences for each
formulation which rests with state regulators and takes around three years. However, the new rule
will have a condition that there be at least one annual inspection and in cases where risk is high.
Recommendations
Separate rules for manufacturing, import, sale and distribution of cosmetics. It has suggested
the European Unions model.
Making of influenza drugs Oseltamivir and Zanamavir must be made available widely at all
pharmacies, by putting it in the Schedule H1 list.
These two drugs at present have been treated as Schedule X drugs and available at select
pharmacies. Retain the four-year approval threshold for new drugs.
If the definition of a new drug is extended to 10 years, then innovation will take a back seat
and wanting the four-year period to be retained.
Comment
If these recommendations are approved it will help in ease of doing business and give fillip to
domestic pharmaceutical sector under Union Governments Make in India initiative at a time when
the country is slipping in the competitiveness index. It will also give a boost to pharmaceutical
industry and give comfort to our customers.
Drugs Technical Advisory Board (DTAB): It is the highest statutory decision-making body under
the Union Health ministry on technical matters. It is constituted as per the Drugs and Cosmetics Act,
1940.
Justice JS Khehar appointed as 44th Chief Justice of India
December 6, 2016
Justice Jagdish Singh Khehar (64) will be the next Chief Justice of India (CJI). He will be the 44th
CJI and shall succeed Chief Justice TS Thakur who retires on January 3, 2017.
Justice Khehar will be sworn in as the CJI by President Pranab Mukherjee on January 4, 2017. With
this, he will be the first Sikh to become the CJI.
Justice Khehars name for appointment as the next CJI was recommended by SC collegium headed by
Chief Justice TS Thakur. He would remain in office from January 4, 2017 till August 4, 2017 i.e. till
he attains the age of 65.
About Jagdish Singh Khehar
Born on 28 August 1952.
He was awarded the LL.B degree by the Panjab University, Chandigarh in 1977. Later he
acquired the LL. M. qualification from the same University in 1979.
He was enrolled as an Advocate in 1979 and practiced mainly in Punjab and Haryana High
52
Court, Chandigarh, Himachal Pradesh High Court, Shimla and the Supreme Court.
He was appointed as Additional Advocate General, Punjab in January 1992, and then as
Senior Standing Counsel Chandigarh (UT). He was designated as Senior Advocate in
February, 1995.
He was elevated to the Bench of High Court of Punjab and Haryana in February 1999. He was
appointed as Acting Chief Justice of the Punjab and Haryana High Court twice in August
2008, and again in November 2009.
He was elevated as Chief Justice of the High Court of Uttarakhand in November 2009. Later
he was transferred as Chief Justice of High Court of Karnataka, in August 2010.
He was elevated as Judge of the Supreme Court in September 2011. He is due to retire from
Supreme Court in August 2017.
In SC, he had led the five-judge constitution bench which had struck down the NJAC Act and
99th Constitutional Amendment Act for appointment of judges.
He has also headed a SC bench which had set aside the imposition of Presidents Rule in
Arunachal Pradesh in January 2016.
December 7, 2016
MoES launches Winter Fog Experiment 2016-17
December 7, 2016
The Union Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) has launched Winter Fog Experiment (WIFEX
2016-17) to study presence of extended periods of fog in northern parts of the country.
It is an intensive ground-based measurement to understand different physical and chemical features
of Fog will be conducted at Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA), Delhi.
What are issues related to Fog in India?
Fog is a visible mass consisting of cloud water droplets suspended in the air at or near the Earths
surface. In India, presence of heavy and extended period fog in the northern region (worlds most
densely populated region) is one of the major weather hazards, impacting road, aviation
transportation, economy and public life. Maximum fog occurrence is seen over the Northwest
region. In India, due to fog poor visibility (< 1000m) per year mostly occurs during the December-
February time period. Recent studies conducted during the past 10-15 years on fog in India have
prompted significant socio-economic concern due to increase in frequency, persistence and intensity
of fog occurrence over the northern parts of the country. The main reasons for growing fog
occurrence are land use changes and increasing pollution in the region.
Significance
WIFEX aims to achieve better understanding of fog life cycle and ultimately improve
capability in fog prediction.
53
It will help to develop better now-casting (next 6 hours) and forecasting of winter fog system
on various time and spatial scales.
It will also develop mechanism to reduce adverse impact of Fog on aviation, transportation
and economy, and loss of human life due to accidents.
It will lead to improved understanding to develop reliable forecasting models and
observational techniques for accurate prediction of Fog events.
It will help to study physical and chemical characteristics of fog, meteorological factors
responsible for its genesis, intensity and dissipation which are poorly understood
Similarly, it will also add light to the meteorological conditions like humidity, wind and
synoptic conditions which are also not well studied.
Banks to bear liability in case of online security breach: RBI
December 7, 2016
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has clarified that banks will have to bear the full liability in the
event of any security breach or compromise in the authorised card network.
Banks issuing the cards will offer the payment authentication solutions of the respective card
networks on an optional basis to their customers.
RBI held that
Only authorised card networks will offer such payment authentication solutions with
participation of card issuing and acquiring banks.
For this purpose customers consent must be taken while making this solution available to
them.
Customers opting for this facility will go through a one-time registration process. They are
required to enter card details and additional factor authentication by issuing bank.
Thereafter, registered customers will not be required to re-enter card details for every
transaction at merchant locations that offer this solution, thus save time and effort.
The card details already registered will be the first factor while the credentials used to login to
the solution would be the additional factor of authentication.
Besides, RBI also has relaxed additional factor authentication (AFA) norms for online transactions up
to Rs. 2,000. This decision was taken in a move to save time for customers amid the governments
push for digitization of payments.
BRICS nations to share tax information automatically to eliminate tax evasion
December 7, 2016
The BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries have agreed to share tax
information automatically as per their commitment to ensure the fairness of the international tax
system.
54
Decion in this regard was taken at the meeting of Heads of Revenue of BRICS Countries in Mumbai,
Maharashtra.
Key Facts
They have reaffirmed their commitment to prevent of base erosion and shifting of profits
(BEPS), exchange of tax information and capacity building of developing countries.
To eliminate BEPS all member countries agreed to tax profits in those jurisdictions where the
activities deriving those profits are performed and where value is created.
BRICS members will exchange tax information, both on request and on automatic basis, and
to adopt global standards on tax transparency
They also reiterated their endorsement for global Common Reporting Standard for
Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI) on a reciprocal basis to prevent cross-border tax
evasion.
Expressed deep concern with the process of erosion of the tax base by aggressive tax
practices including incomplete disclosure of information by MNCs.
Background
The BRICS nations have faced major tax dodging by big corporate and individuals that diminishes
their efforts to reduce societal inequality by taxation. US based think tank Global Financial Integrity
has estimated that BRICS countries have faced huge flows of illicit fund flows in the last decade.
BRICS member countries occupy five of the top seven places in the global ranking of countries for
illicit outflows. China has been the biggest source of illicit fund outflows followed by Russia during
this period.
IIIDEM Conducts Training on Election Management for SAARC Nations
December 7, 2016
The India International Institute of Democracy and Election Management (IIIDEM) has conducted
training on Election Management of SAARC Countries.
It was conducted by Election Commission of India (ECI) and sponsored by the Union Ministry of
External Affairs with aim of promoting free, fair, peaceful and inclusive elections.
Key Facts
The training course is attended by delegates consisting of Election Management Bodies
(EMBs) from Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Maldives, Bhutan and Afghanistan.
The 11 day (5th to 15th December 2016) course encapsulates several sessions on principles
and practices for election management.
During the program, the 28 participants from these 6 SAARC countries will share their
experiences on election situation in their respective countries.
Additionally, it aims to train officials on various aspects of election management like capacity
55
building of stakeholders, code of conduct, voter inclusion and registration etc.

It will have participatory sessions on Free, Fair Elections and International Standards,
Principles of Voter Registration and Type of Voter Registers and Electoral Systems and
Practices.
About India International Institute of Democracy and Election Management (IIIDEM)
IIDEM is an advanced resource centre of learning, research, training and extension for
participatory democracy and election management.
It has been developed in collaboration with the Union Government, United Nations,
Commonwealth and inter-governmental organisations like Sweden based International
Institute of Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA).
It is a national and international hub for exchange of good practices in election management.
It has four components (i) Training and Capacity Development, (ii) Voter Education and
Civic Participation, (iii) Research, Innovation and Documentation and (iv) International
Projects and Technical Collaboration.
Horse racing not animal cruelty: SC
December 7, 2016
The Supreme Court has ruled that horse racing per se is not animal cruelty. It held that it is different
from Jallikattu, which metes out specific methods of torture to bulls.
This observation was made by a Bench of Justices A.M. Khanwilkar and D.Y. Chandrachud on a
petition challenging a Rajasthan High Courts order banning tonga races in the State.
What is the issue?
The Rajasthan High Court had banned tonga races in the state by relying on a Supreme Court
judgment of 2014 banning jallikattu.
Against the tonga races ban, a petition was filed in the apex country saying that the 2014
judgment banning jallikattu was confined only to bulls and not horses.
The petition also mentioned SCs 2014 observations that the horses biologically equipped for
racing and their anatomy enables it to make use of speed which can be usefully used for
racing, etc, unlike bulls.
It also said that tonga races are held all over the world, including North America, Australia,
Europe and New Zealand under the name of harness racing
SC Ruling
Horse racing per se is not cruelty, but tonga races on metal roads leads to animal cruelty. Bulls as
bovine animals unfit for running, while horses as solid-hoofed quadruped, domesticated for riding.
2014 judgment (banning jallikattu) and the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 were against
cruelty shown to all animals, whether bull or horse. The Jallikattu verdict dwelt on specific instances
56
of cruelty shown to bulls like biting and twisting a bulls tail, poking the bull with sticks and knives,
using irritant solutions in the eyes, use of alcoholic liquids and throwing stones.
Dr. B R Ambedkars birth anniversary will be observed as Water Day
December 7, 2016
The Union Government is going to observe birth anniversary of the father of Indian Constitution B
R Ambedkar (April 14) as Water Day in the country.
It was announced by Union Minister for Water Resources Minister Uma Bharti in New Delhi. She
made this announcement while addressing a National Seminar on Marching ahead on Dr.
Ambedkars path of water resources management for inclusive growth. It was organized by Central
Water Commission (CWC) in New Delhi.
What is purpose?
The idea behind observing Water Day on birth anniversary of Dr. Ambedkar is to sensitise people
about managing precious water resources. It will also spread awareness about work of Dr. Ambedkar
who was also responsible for a definite all-India policy on managing water resources in India besides
being instrumental in framing the countrys Constitution.
Background
The CWC paper (Ambedkars contribution to water resources development) released on the
occasion of the Dr. Ambedkars 125th birth anniversary in April 2016 mentions that he was a
pioneer in the field of developing multi-purpose projects for independent India. In fact, he was the
moving spirit behind the Damodar Valley, Hirakud and other projects. He had helped in evolving a
new water and power policy during 1942-46 to utilise the water resources of the country to the best
advantage of everybody.
December 7, 2016
Andhra Pradesh Government has launched AP Purse mobile application to promote digital
transactions among the people.
It was launched by Chief Minister N Chandrababu Naidu in Vijayawada to solve the cash crunch
problem in the state following demonitisaton of high value old currency notes.
Key Facts
The application features 13 mobile banking and 10 mobile wallet options. Using this
application people can pay their bills and carry out their cashless transactions.
Besides, Government will rope agents named Marpu Nestam to improve digital financial
literacy among people. They will be provided with incentives.
Engineering students will be encouraged to train people in mobile banking transactions using
several wallets. This would help the students to earn while learn.
57
State government introduced cashless transactions at fair price shops and completed 70% of
transactions using Aadhaar linkage to provide relief to people suffering from shortage of
small currency.
TIFR Researchers discovery challenges theory of superconductivity
December 7, 2016
Researchers team from Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) have discovered that
bismuth semi-metal in bulk form becomes a superconductor.
The team was lead by Dr. S. Ramakrishnan of the Department of Condensed Matter Physics and
Material Sciences at TIFR, Mumbai.
What researchers have discovered?
They have discovered that when temperature of bismuth semi-metal in bulk form is lowered to 530
microKelvin (about -273 degree C), it becomes a superconductor. It acts as superconductor at
temperature three orders of magnitude higher than the theoretical prediction.
Significance
This landmark discovery challenges the conventional understanding of superconductivity
based on Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory.
It cannot explain the superconductivity seen in bismuth as it only explains superconductivity
in most low Tc (critical temperature) superconductors.
The discovery demands a new theory and a new mechanism to understand superconductivity
in bismuth.
It provides an alternative path for discovering new superconducting materials which are very
different from the conventional superconductors.
What are Superconductors?
Superconductors are materials that conduct electricity with no resistance whatsoever. In order to
achieve superconducting state, the element should have mobile electrons, and these electrons should
come together to form pairs, known as Cooper pairs.
Unusual phenomenon in bismuth
Unlike other elements in the periodic table, bismuth has unusual phenomenon. Bismuth has only
one mobile electron per 100,000 atoms. Whereas, the metallic superconductors have one mobile
electron per atom. Since carrier density of bismuth is so small, it was believed that bismuth will
superconduct. Thus, superconductivity in bismuth is puzzling.
Remote sensing satellite Resourcesat-2A successfully launched
December 7, 2016
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully launched remote sensing satellite
Resourcesat-2A into its dedicated orbit.
It was launched onboard of Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV)-C36 from first launch pad at
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Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota. It was PSLVs 38th flight and XL version of the rocket
was used. It was the 37th consecutive successful flight of the rocket.
About Resourcesat-2A
Resourcesat-2A is a follow on mission to its predecessor remote sensing satellites
Resourcesat-1 and Resourcesat-2, launched in 2003 and 2011 respectively.
It is intended to continue the remote sensing data services to global users provided by it two
predecessors.
Resourcesat-2A weighs 1,235 kg and is placed into an 817 km polar sun synchronous orbit
(i.e. orbiting pole-to-pole). The mission life of Resourcesat-2A is five years.
It carries three payloads viz. high resolution Linear Imaging Self Scanner (LISS-4) camera,
medium resolution LISS-3 camera, and coarse resolution Advanced Wide Field Sensor
(AWiFS) camera. These three cameras of different resolution.
These cameras will give regular micro and macro information on land and water bodies
below, forests, farm lands and crop extent, coastal information, mineral deposits, rural and
urban spreads besides helping in disaster management.
It also carries two Solid State Recorders with a capacity of 200 Giga Bits. Each of it can store
the images taken by its cameras which can be read out later to ground stations.
About PSLV
The PSLV rocket is a four stage/engine indigenous light-lifting rocket powered by solid and liquid
fuel alternatively. It has emerged as the workhorse launch vehicle of ISRO offered for launching
satellites for international customers. Between 1994 and 2016, the PSLV has launched a total of 121
satellites, of which 42 are Indian satellites and 79 satellites are from abroad. The PSLV-XL variant of
the rocket is 44.4 metres tall and weighs 3201 tonnes.
December 8, 2016
Union Cabinet approves MoU between India and UK to support Ease of Doing Business in
India
December 8, 2016
The Union Cabinet has given its approval to Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between India
and United Kingdom (UK) to support Ease of Doing Business in India.
The MoU was signed between both countries earlier in November 2016 during the official state visit
of UK Prime Minister Theresa May to India.
Key Facts
The MoU will facilitate exchange Government officials from both countries to facilitate
sharing of best practises, technical assistance and enhanced implementation of reforms.
The beneficiaries include the officials from India will include Central Government Ministries
59
/ Departments and State Governments.

It will facilitate various agencies of UK government to offer professional courses on capacity-
building of frontline inspectors, better regulation drafting for officials, sharing of best
practises, etc.
The collaboration is expected to expedite adoption of innovative practises by the India
leading to easing of regulatory environment in country and fostering of conducive business
climate in India.
Background
Currently, India is ranks 130th out of 190 economies in Ease of Doing Business (EoDB) as per Doing
Business Report, 2017. On the other hand UK has achieved phenomenal improvement in EoDB
rankings in recent years.
MoU for Cooperation in the Field of Intellectual Property
The Union Cabinet also approved to the MoU between India and UK for Cooperation in the Field of
Intellectual Property (IP) signed in November 2016. The MoU seeks to facilitate establishment of
wide-ranging and flexible mechanisms for cooperation in the development of automation, new
documentation and information systems in the field of IP. It provides an opportunity for
collaboration in training programmes, exchange of experts and technical exchanges and outreach
activities. Its implementation will enhance capacity of the Office of Controller General of Patents,
Designs & Trademarks (CGPDTM) to examine patent applications, which in turn will impact
innovation positively.
Union Cabinet approves Reforms to boost employment generation and exports in Made-ups
Sector
December 8, 2016
The Union Cabinet approved proposal of the reforms to boost employment generation and exports
in the Made-ups manufacturing Sector.
It approved budget of Rs. 6,006 crore for the apparel package in a time bound manner. The main
objective is generating direct and indirect employment of upto 11 lakh persons over the next three
years the made-ups sector.
Following interventions have been approved
Providing production incentive through enhanced Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme
(TUFS) subsidy of additional 10% for Made-ups.
Extending Pradhan Mantri Paridhan Rozgar Protsahan Yojana (PMPRPY) Scheme (for
apparel) to made-ups sector.
This extension will provide additional 3.67% share of Employers contribution in addition to
8.33% already covered under PMRPY for all new employees enrolling in EPFO.
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Extending Rebate of State Levies (ROSL) (for apparel) Scheme to made-ups sector for
enhanced Duty Drawback on exports of Made-ups.
Simplification of labour laws: (i) Increasing permissible overtime working hours up to 100
hours per quarter in Made-ups manufacturing sector. (ii) Making employees contribution to
EPF optional for employees earning less than Rs 15,000 per month.
Comment
The reforms and interventions are expected to boost employment in the textile sector especially in
Made-ups manufacturing Sector. It will create employment for upto eleven lakh persons and lead to
increase in exports.
Union Cabinet approves MoU between India and Afghanistan on Cooperation in the Peaceful
Uses of Outer Space
December 8, 2016
The Union Cabinet has approved Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between India and
Afghanistan on cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space.
The MoU envisages cooperation between both countries for application of space technologies in
various sectors. It will cover agriculture, education, weather forecasting, rural health,
telecommunications, urban development, sanitation, resource mapping navigation, remote sensing
and any other areas mutually agreed upon.
Benefits of the MoU
Develop space sector in Afghanistan and making it self-reliant in space sector
Burnish Indias credentials as a nation with advanced space technology which can assist other
countries.
Deepen bilateral ties and mutual understanding and trust between both countries. Provide
India foothold in Afghanistans strategic space and communication sector.
Boost high-tech jobs in both countries in both core Science & Technology and R&D fields,
and also the field of implementation.
Renowned journalist Cho S Ramaswamy passes away
December 8, 2016
Veteran journalist Cho S Ramaswamy passed away in Chennai following a prolonged illness. He was
82. He was a lawyer, actor, journalist, commentator and a political interlocutor.
He was founder and editor of Thuglak, a Tamil political magazine known for its withering satire and
fearless criticism of political figures.
About Cho S Ramaswamy
Born on October 5, 1934. He was a lawyer by training and later branched into theatre, films
and finally to journalism.
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He has acted in 180 movies, scripted 14 and directed four. He had acted in movies along with
MG Ramachandran, Jayalalithaa, Kamal Hassan, Rajinikanth and others.
He also has directed several movies and over 20 Tamil plays. He was also a screen play writer.
His work in the popular theatre was laced with political and social criticism.
Ramaswamys other writings covered a wide variety of subjects. He was well-versed in the
Indian epics, Vedas and Puranas, he wrote copiously on religion and culture.
He was awarded with B.D. Goenka award for excellence in journalism. He was nominated to
the Rajya Sabha by then NDA government and served as an MP from 1999 to 2005.
Union Cabinet approves MoU between India and Vietnam on Cooperation in IT
December 8, 2016
The Union Cabinet has approved Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between India and
Vietnam on Cooperation in the field of Information Technology.
The MoU aims to develop sustainable and a long-term cooperation between both countries on the
basis of equality and mutual interest in the areas of IT.
Key Facts
The MoU will be implemented by establishing a Joint Working Group on IT having
representatives from both the countries.
It will remain in force for a period of 5 years and will be renewable by mutual written consent
between India and Vietnam.
Its implementation will result in institutional and capacity-building in the field of IT and
Human Resource Development, mutually benefiting IT sector of both countries.
Union Cabinet approves Pune Metro Rail Project Phase 1
December 8, 2016
The Union Cabinet has approved the development of Phase 1 of the Pune Metro Rail Corridor
Project.
It will be covering a length of 31.254 km comprising with two corridors Corridor-1 (Pimpri
Chinchwad Municipal Corporation to Swargate) and Corriodor-2 (Vanaz to Ramwadi).
Key Facts
Corridor-1 will be covering length of 16.589 km of which h11.57 km elevated and 5.019 km
underground. Corriodor-2 will be covering 14.665 km and will be fully elevated.
The project is scheduled to be completed in five years from the date of start of work as per the
Detailed Project Report (DPR).
The Project will be implemented by Maharashtra Metro Rail Corporation Limited (MAHA-
METRO). The total completion cost of the metro rail corridor will be Rs.11,420 crore.
MAHA-METRO will be a 50:50 jointly owned company of Union Government and
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Maharashtra Government.
The project will be covered under the legal framework of the Metro Railways (Operation and
Maintenance) Act, 2002; the Metro Railways (Construction of Works) Act, 1978; and the
Railways Act, 1989.
Comment
The metro corridor will benefit approximately 50 lakh population of Pune Metropolitan Area. It will
provide much needed connectivity to the commuters to traverse through some of the densest and
traffic congested routes of the city. It will considerably reduce the traffic congestion and will bring in
fast, safe, comfortable, pollution-free and affordable mass transportation system in the city.
RBI keeps key rates unchanged in fifth bi-monthly monetary policy review
December 8, 2016
The Reserve bank of India (RBI) in its fifth bi-monthly monetary policy review for year 2016-17 has
kept key rates unchanged.
Decision in this regard was taken by RBIs six-member Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) headed
by Governor Urjit Patel. This decision was taken on the basis of an assessment of the current and
evolving macroeconomic situation.
Policy Rates
Repo rate under the liquidity adjustment facility (LAF): Unchanged at 6.25 percent.
Reverse repo rate under the LAF: Unchanged at 5.75 per cent.
Marginal standing facility (MSF) and Bank Rate: Unchanged at 6.75 per cent.
Reserve Ratios Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) of scheduled banks: Unchanged at 4.0 per
cent of net demand and time liability (NDTL).
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR): Unchanged 20.75 per cent.
The policy repo rate where kept unchanged citing global and domestic uncertainties that posed
upside risks to inflation. The MPC also has cut Gross Value Added (GVA) growth estimates for the
economy in the fiscal year ending March 2017 to 7.1% from 7.6% earlier.
Thus, RBI has retained its accommodative monetary policy stance with the objective of achieving
consumer price index (CPI) inflation at 5% by Q4 of 2016-17 and the medium-term target of 4%
within a band of +/- 2 per cent, while supporting growth.
English most powerful language in the world: WEF
December 8, 2016
English has been ranked first in the top 10 most powerful languages in the world according to the
2016 World Power Language Index (PLI).
The index was published by World Economic Forum (WEF). Indian language Hindi was ranked
10th in the 2016 PLI.
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Key Facts
According to the index there are over 6,000 languages spoken in the world. Of these 2,000
count fewer than 1,000 speakers.
Moreover, just 15 languages account for half of the languages spoken in the world. English is
dominant
language of 3 G7 nations (USA, UK and Canada).

Top 10 Languages in 2016 PLI: English (1st), Mandarin (2nd), French (3rd), Spanish (4th),
Arabic (5th), Russian (6th), German (7th), Japanese (8th), Portuguese (9th) and Hindi (10th).
The top six languages are official languages of the United Nations. The remaining 4 in the top
10 include two other BRIC languages (Portuguese and Hindi) and 2 of the economic
heavyweights (Germany and Japan).
Hindi is most primarily language spoken in India with a share of 41%. It is also the official
language of Indian government.
About World Power Language Index (PLI)
The World Power Language Index (PLI) compares or ranks languages on their efficacy in the
various domains.
It uses 20 indicators to measure the influence on language. It measures the usefulness of a
language to a representative human being.
It is not meant to apply to any particular person with their own set of conditions, preferences
and geography.
It does not measure of the beauty or merit of a language or its associated cultures.
Triple talaq unconstitutional, violates rights of Muslim women: Allahabad high court
December 8, 2016
The Allahabad High Court has ruled that the practice of triple talaq (Talaq-e-bidat) among Muslims
is unconstitutional and violates the rights of women enshrined in constitution.
The order was passed by HC Justice Suneet Kumar while hearing a petition filed by a woman who
claimed her husband arbitrarily divorced her.
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Besides, the High Court also held that No Personal Law Board is above the Constitution i.e. it
was indirectly referring to All India Muslim Personal Law Board (AIMPLB).
What is the issue?
Talaq-e-bidat is Muslim man divorcing his wife unilaterally by pronouncing the word talaq
thrice in one go.
Thus, it is oral talaq pronounced for irrevocable instantaneous divorce at one go. Many
activists say that this practice is not of Islamic origin.
AIMPLB, a non-government organisation always has held that Talaq-e-bidat is integral part
of Muslims and courts have no role to play in Personal Law as it falls under the Fundamental
Right to practice religion.
Supreme Court is also hearing a petition challenging the validity of triple talaq, as several
individuals and NGOs have sought a ban on its practice.
Even, the National Commission of Women (NCW) considers it highly misused custom and
asked Government to scrap it to protect the rights of Muslim women.
Why triple talaq should be abolished?
The practice of triple talaq has enabled husbands to divorce their wives arbitrarily and unilaterally,
devoid of any substantiation. It impact adversely on the rights of women to a life of dignity. It also
has been abolished in 21 Islamic theocratic countries including Pakistan. It is also against
constitutional principles such as gender equality, secularism, international laws etc. Thus, it must be
kept in mind that gender equality is a sacred principle of our constitution and modern society. So it is
right time to make necessary changes.
What is Governments position?
Recently Central Government in its affidavit submitted to Supreme Court held that the practice of
Triple talaq is against the principles of gender equality, gender justice and dignity enshrined in the
Constitution. It is not integral to the right to freedom of religion. It violates right to equality, non-
discrimination on the grounds of sex and the right to live with dignity to women in par with men
guaranteed in the Constitution.
December 9, 2016
John Glenn, first American to Orbit Earth passes away
December 9, 2016
Former US aviator, astronaut John Glenn passed away in Columbus, Ohio, US. He was 95. He last
surviving member of the Mercury Seven Mission.
He was first American to orbit Earth and had circled three times earth in 1962 aboard Friendship 7
space capsule.
His achievement marked the moment in US space history as during that time it was caught up with
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the Soviet Union in manned space exploration.

About John Glenn
Born as John Herschel Glenn Jr. on July 18, 1921 in Cambridge, Ohio, US.
Before gaining fame of orbiting world, he was a distinguished fighter pilot in World War II
and Korean war. Later he joined Americas space agency NASA.
He had joined Mercury 7, Americas first class of astronauts after setting the transcontinental
flight speed record as a test pilot.
On February 20, 1962, he flew the Friendship 7 mission and became the first American to
orbit the Earth and the fifth person in space
After returning to Earth, he was elected in 1974 as a Democrat to the US Senate, where he
served for 24 years i.e. till 1999. In 1984, he failed to run for the Democratic presidential
nomination.
In 1998 36 years after his historic flight he became the oldest man to travel to space, at age
77.
Awards and Honours: Inducted into the US Astronaut Hall of Fame in 1990. He was
awarded NASA Distinguished Service Medal, Congressional Space Medal of Honor and
Presidential Medal of Freedom (2012).
Kerala Government launches Haritha Keralam Mission
December 9, 2016
Kerala Government has launched Haritha Keralam Mission, a comprehensive programme for
creating new sustainable development perspectives in the state.
It was launched by Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan in the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. Singer
K.J. Yesudas and actor Manju Warrier are the mission ambassador.
Key Facts
The Haritha Keralam Mission is multidimensional development project focuses on water
conservation, sanitation, environmental protection, and paddy cultivation.
It aims to clear and remove waste from all water bodies in the state, ensure disposal of solid
waste and removal of waste water and increase the area of land under cultivation
It is a comprehensive program for creating new sustainable development perspectives in the
state by maximum utilization of opportunities through waste management, water resources
and agricultural development using organic farming.
This is the first of the four mega missions planned by the LDF government. The health,
housing and education missions will be launched subsequently.
2016 India International Science Festival held in New Delhi
December 9, 2016
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The 2016 India International Science festival (IISF) has started at CSIR-National Physical Laboratory
(NPL) Campus in New Delhi.
It was inaugurated by the Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh. The theme of the science festival is
Science for the masses.
Key Facts
IISF-2016 has been organised by the Union Ministry of Science and Technology and Earth
Sciences in association with Vijnana Bharati (VIBHA).
The main aim is to promote the science and technology developed by the Indian research labs
and to inculcate the scientific temper among masses.
It also aims to encourage and develop scientific temper and attitude, promote exchange of
knowledge and ideas among young minds.
It will showcase recent developments and contributions of India in science and technology
involving all our scientific departments.
It will also showcase Indias S&T prowess, technological developments, history of Indian
Science and science education involving more than 10000 young researchers, academicians
and top level Indian scientists.
Background
The IISF as a major science event was conceptualized in 2016 and was organized for first time IISF at
IIT, Delhi in December, 2015. It was visited by more than 4 lakh people and was a great success. It
had won the distinction of Guinness Book of World Record for successful conduct of Largest
Practical Science Lesson by 2000 school students.
Union Government announces package for promotion of digital & cashless economy
December 9, 2016
The Union Government has announced package of incentives and measures for promotion of digital
and cashless economy in the country.
It was announced to supplement the surge in the digital transactions aftermath demonetisation of old
Rs.500 and Rs.1,000 notes for promotion of digital cashless economy and cutting out cash
transactions.
Key Provisions of Package
Petroleum companies will offer a discount of 0.75% on diesel and petrol to consumers who
pay through digital means.
0.5% discount will be given to people who will buy monthly seasonal tickets in the Suburban
railway networks through digital payment mode.
Passengers will get 10 lakh rupees free accident insurance cover on booking of Railway ticket
through online mode.
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Payments through digital mode for railways catering, accommodation, retiring room will also
attract 5% discount.
People will be get 10% discount on General Insurance and 8% discount on new life Insurance
policies of PSUs purchased online.
Discount of 10% will be available to users for payment of toll at Toll Plazas on National
Highways using RFID card and Fast Tags.
Government departments and PSUs will ensure that transaction, MDR charges are not borne
by customers for public dealings.
NABARD will extend financial support to eligible banks for deployment of two Point of Sale
(PoS) devices each in 1 Lakh villages with population of less than 10,000.
NABARD will also support Rural Regional Banks (RRBs) and Cooperative Banks to issue
Rupay Kisan Cards to over 4 crore 32 lakh Kisan Credit Card (KCC) holders to enable them
to make digital transactions at ATMs and POS machines.
Merchants will not pay more than 100 rupees monthly rental for PoS terminals, Micro ATMs
and mobile POS from the merchants.
India designated as major US defence partner

December 9, 2016
India has been designated as a major defence partner of the United States. It puts India on a par
with the closest allies and partners of the US.
The agreement in this regard was reached between Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar and
US Secretary of Defence Ashton Carter in New Delhi. It was one of the last visits from a cabinet
member of the outgoing Obama administration.
So far, US has bestowed this status upon the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) countries
and the US treaty allies such as Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand and Philippines.
National Defence Authorization Act (NDAA), 2017
Indias Major Defence Partner status has been made a part of the India Amendment in the
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National Defence Authorization Act (NDAA), 2017 of US.

India will get formal official stamp on this status after this bill is passed by two chambers of
the Congress House of Representatives and Senate before it receives assent of US President
Barack Obama.
Under the NDAA 2017, India will be included in conventional arms transfer policy, defence
services, or related technology, inform the review of requests to export defence articles under
the Arms Export Control Act.
Significance
The designation of this status is unique to India, a non-NATO ally of US. It institutionalizes the
progress made by US to facilitate defence trade and technology sharing with India to a level at par
with its closest allies and partners. It will facilitate US to transfer of advanced defence technology to
India. It will also strengthen institutional effectiveness of US-India Defence Trade and Technology
Initiative (DTII) and the durability of the India Rapid Reaction Cell in Pentagon.
Background
India was designated Major Defence Partner status during Prime Minister Narendra Modis visit to
US in June, 2016. Since 2014 some major agreements were signed between India and US. It included
Defence Framework Agreement in 2015, which laid a blueprint for collaboration between the
defence establishments and the logistics support agreement Logistics Exchange Memorandum of
Agreement (LEMOA).
December 9: International Anti-Corruption Day
December 9, 2016
The International Anti-Corruption Day (IACD) is observed annually on December 9 to raise public
awareness of corruption and what people can do to fight it.
Observance of the day aims to promote and strengthen measures to prevent and combat corruption
more efficiently and effectively. It also highlights the role of the United Nations Convention against
Corruption in combating and preventing it.
2016 Theme: United against corruption for development, peace and security.
Background
The UN General Assembly (UNGA) had designated December 9 as International Anti-Corruption
Day by passing resolution 58/4 of October 31, 2003. It was adopted to raise peoples awareness of
corruption and role of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) in combating
and preventing it. The UNCAC is the first legally binding, international anti-corruption instrument
that provides a chance to mount a global response to corruption.
FSSAI bans use of newspapers for packing food
December 9, 2016
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The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has banned use of newspapers for
wrapping and packing of food items.
In this regard, FSSAI has issued an advisory all states and Union territories and asked commissioners
of food safety to restrict the use of newspapers for packing, serving and storing of food items.
This is first time in recent years FSSAI has issued new rule related to packaging of food items. So far,
it had focused on setting standards for packaged food.
Why this ban has been imposed?
In India, use of newspapers for wrapping and packing of food items is a common practice
followed by small corner shops and street vendors.
However, it can cause serious health concerns due contaminate food items by newspaper ink.
Printing ink used for printing newspapers may contain bioactive materials, harmful
pigments, colours, additives, binders, preservatives, chemical contaminants and even
pathogenic microorganisms that may pose potential risk to human health.
Even newspaper or cardboard boxes made of recycled paper may be contaminated with
mineral oils, metallic contaminants and harmful chemicals like phthalates which can cause
digestive problems and also lead to severe toxicity.
Older people, teenagers, children and people with compromised vital organs and immune
systems are at a greater risk of acquiring cancer-related health complications after they are
exposed to food items packed in such materials
FSSAI: It is a nodal statutory agency responsible for protecting and promoting public health in India
through the regulation and supervision of food safety. It was established under the Food Safety and
Standards Act, 2006. It functions under aegis of Union Ministry of Health & Family Welfare.
Indian Army launches Veterans Outreach App to reach out to veterans
December 9, 2016
The Indian Army has launched a Veterans Outreach App in a bid to reach out to its ex-servicemen.
The app was launched by the Chief of the Army Staff (COAS) General Dalbir Singh Suhag. It is
dedicated to Army Veterans and Veer Naris.
Key Facts
The app was designed by the Directorate of Indian Army Veterans (DIAV), which also runs a
web portal specifically meant for veterans and Veer Naris
It has specific features like Ask a question and Locator Services for locating Ex-Serviceman
Cells, ECHS Polyclinics, Station Canteens and Sainik Aram Garhs all across the country.
The app also facilitates route guidance on a google map to any chosen service facility.
To enable veteran to check their pension entitlements, the app provides link to a Pension
Calculator on the PCDA (P) web site called Suvigyai.
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It also facilitates Findings Coursemates from amongst veterans who are registered on the
Indian Army Veterans Portal.
Tropical Cyclonic Storm Vardah to hit Andhra Pradesh
December 9, 2016
The tropical cyclonic storm Vardah over southeast Bay of Bengal is expected to hit Andhra Pradesh
coast between Nellore and Kakinada. It is the third cyclonic storm of the season after Cyclone Kyant
and Nada, that were formed during the Northeast Monsoon season.
Formation
It was created as depression (low pressure) over Andaman Sea and later slightly intensified further as
cyclonic storm. The reason for the intensification can be attributed to warm sea surface temperatures
of Bay of Bengal and longer sea travel. Since then, the tropical cyclonic storm Vardah has moved
north-northwestwards with a speed of 10 kmph about 990 km southeast of Visakhapatnam and 250
km west-northwest of Port Blair.
Intensification
The system is very likely to intensify further into a severe cyclonic storm. However, there is
possibility of slight weakening of the system before landfall. It may result into moderate rainfall at
many places with isolated heavy falls over coastal Andhra Pradesh. Squally winds speed reaching
35-45 kmph gusting to 55 kmph would prevail over Andaman and Nicobar Islands & adjoining sea
areas for some time. Fishermen have been advised not to venture into sea along and off Andaman
Islands and off Andhra Pradesh coast and adjoining sea areas.
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India ranks 7th in 2016 Global Terrorism Index

December 9, 2016
According to the 2016 Global Terrorism Index (GTI) India was ranked 7th among 163 countries in
the list of most impacted by terrorism in 2015.
The fourth edition of the index was released by Sydney-based think-tank Institute for Economics &
Peace. India is one of six Asian countries ranked in the top 10 nations most impacted by terrorism.
Global facts in 2016 GTI
According to GTI 2016, Iraq was the worst hit by terror in 2015 followed by Afghanistan and
Nigeria. Pakistan and Syria were ranked fourth and fifth respectively.
Deaths from terror attacks globally declined 10%from the highest recorded level of 32,765 in
2014 to 29,376 in 2015.
Economic loss from terrorism is $635 billion over 16 years from 2000 to 2015. This amount
is equivalent to annual gross domestic product (GDP) of Egypt and Malaysia.
The economic impact of terrorism, as a proportion of a countrys GDP, is highest in Iraq at
17.3%, followed by Afghanistan (16.8%) and Syria (8.3%).
ISIS has overtaken its African affiliate Boko Haram as the worlds deadliest terrorist group in
2015. It expanded to 11 countries in 2015 from six in 2014.
Since 2014, the loss has declined from a 16-year high of $106 billion to the second-highest
level of $90 billion, at constant 2015 prices.
Violent conflict in 2015, as a whole, caused $13.6 trillion loss to global economy (in
purchasing parity terms), or 13.3% of global GDP.
OECD countries, the worlds most developed saw 650% rise in terror-related deaths from 77
in 2014 to 577 in 2015.
Turkey (OECD member) witnessed 337 deaths in 2015, highest among OECD countries.
These attacks were carried by the separatist Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) and ISIS.
India related facts in 2016 GTI
In India, as many as 797 terrorist attacks were recorded in 2015 up by 4% since 2014. Besides,
289 terrorism-related deaths were recorded in India, a 45% decline over 2014.
However, number of Indian Army and paramilitary soldiers killed this year is at an eight-year
high. 2015 attacks were the highest since 2000, 80% were non-lethal.
India experienced 7% of all terrorist attacks around the world, the fourth highest after Iraq
(20%), Afghanistan (14%) and Pakistan (8%).
In 2015, India suffered fewer terror attacks (797) than only Iraq (2,415), Afghanistan (1,715)
and Pakistan (1,008). India suffered twice as many attacks as Syria (384).
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About Global Terrorism Index (GTI)

The GTI systematically rank the nations of the world according to terrorist activity. It scores a
country is calculated based on weightage assigned to four indicators. They are total number of terrorist
incidents, injuries, fatalities and property damage sustained in the year in question.
Parliamentary Standing Committee seeks transparency in appointment of judges
December 9, 2016
The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Law and Justice, has called for transparency in the
appointments process on the part of the judiciary and the government.
The committee was headed by Deputy Leader of the Opposition (Rajya Sabha), Anand Sharma. It has
examined delay in filling vacancies in Supreme Court and High Courts.
It has tabled its report in the Rajya Sabha and now it is under the purview of the Union Law
Ministry.
Recommendations
Need of transparency in the appointments process on the part of the judiciary and the
government, while ensuring the independence of the judiciary.
Raising of the retirement age of Supreme Court judges to 67 from 65 and that of High Court
judges to 65 from 62.
Consideration of a fixed tenure for Chief Justices.
Note: The recommendations of the committee are only advisory in nature and are not binding.
December 10, 2016
December 10: Human Rights Day
December 10, 2016
The Human Rights Day is observed annually on 10th December to commemorate the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights.
Observance of the day seeks to encourage, support and amplify measures to be taken by everyone to
defend human rights.
2016 Theme or campaign: Stand up for someones rights today. It aims to re-emphasise how
important it is to live in peace and harmony, compassion and concern for each others rights with
respect towards the idea of mutual co-existence.
In run up to the celebration of Human Rights Day, National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)
had organised a series of events.
Background
The Human Rights Day was formally established at the 317th Plenary Meeting of the United Nations
General Assembly (UNGA) on 4 December 1950. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was
formally adopted and proclaimed by UNGA on 10 December 1948. It was adopted as shared standard
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yard stick to protect human rights across the globe. It recognizes inherent dignity and the equal and
inalienable rights of mankind as the foundation of justice, freedom and peace in the world.
Rajasthan High Court scraps 5% quota for Gujjars
December 10, 2016
The Rajasthan High Court has scrapped the Rajasthan Special Backward Classes (SBC) Reservation
Act, 2015 that provided 5% quota to five communities, including Gujjars in jobs and education.
The verdict was given on bunch of writ petitions challenging the 2015 Act on grounds of violation
of Supreme Court mandated limit of 50% on reservation.
HC Verdict
State government had given the reservation illegally to five communities and declared SBC
Reservation Act, 2015 and its notification unconstitutional.
It has failed to consider Article 16(4B) of the Constitution, which forbids reservation
exceeding 50%.
In this case, Rajasthan High Court had used Supreme Court verdict pronounced in Indra Sahwney
case (Mandal Commission) which had set ceiling of 50% in quotas.
Background
In September 2015, Rajasthan State Assembly had SBC reservation bill along with a separate Bill for
giving 14% reservation to Economically Backward Classes (EBC). Both bills had received assent of
Governor Kalyan Singh. The SBC Reservation Act had given 5% reservation to Gujjars, Banjara,
Gadia Lohar, Raika and Gadariya communities in jobs and education. It was notified after the repeal
of the controversial legislation of 2008 on the same subject. However, state government had not
notified the law on EBC quota.
Disabled children are illiterate due to lack of support services: Report
December 10, 2016
According to the India Social Development Report (SDR) 2016, about 45% of all persons with
disabilities (PWD) in India are illiterate.
They remain illiterate mainly because of lack of support services. The theme for this edition of report
was Disabilities Rights Perspectives.
Key Highlights from report
The number of PWDs in India are 26.8 million or 2.2% of the population. However, the
World Bank estimates it is 4 to 8% of the population.
Men formed 56% of the PWDs and 70% of the disabled population is in rural areas.
Movement disability accounted for the largest number of PWDs in India. It was followed by
hearing disability and visual impairment.
38% of all male PWDs were illiterate and the illiteracy rate was 55% for female PWDs.
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Whereas, Indias total literacy rate is 74 per cent.

For each category of disability, a greater proportion of women in it are illiterate than men.
76% of women with multiple disabilities are illiterate.
Interestingly, even in Kerala, which has near-total literacy, 33.1% of the PWDs were
illiterate.
It estimated one-third are children with disabilities of the 75 million children of primary
school age are out of school.
State governments must ensure availability of minimum support such as accommodation,
assistive devices and transport for disabled children to complete their schooling.
How the report was prepared?
The report data was based on number of sources, including the census, National Sample Survey
(NSS), data-sets of India Human Development Survey, and National Family Health Survey. Besides it
also included the new data from fresh empirical studies.
Union Government launches DigiShala TV channel to promote digital payments
December 10, 2016
The Union Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has launched a TV channel
named DigiShala to promote cashless transactions.
The channel was launched as part of the Digidhan campaign which aims to spread awareness
about digital transactions.
Key Facts
DigiShala is dedicated 24*7 and 365 days free-to-air TV channel to inform citizens about
digital payment ecosystem, benefits and processes.
It is a satellite channel managed by Doordarshan (DD). It will be broadcasted nationally on
DD Free Dish DTH service.
It will be available through GSAT15 (DD Direct DTH), 93.5 degree East, Receive frequency:
11590 Mhz.
Through it, citizens will be informed and educated about various digital payment options
through step by step demos of digital payments using e-wallets, UPI, USSD, Aadhaar-enabled
payment systems and cards.
It will impart information and education, especially in rural and semi-urban areas related to
Digital Payment ecosystem, its tools, processes and benefits.
The services on the channel initially will be available in Hindi and English and later in local
languages as well.
It is not mandatory for the service provider and direct-to-home (DTH) airing it and
customers may opt for it.
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Recommendations of Ratan Watal Committee for Digital Payments

December 10, 2016
The Committee on Digital Payments headed by Ratan P. Watal has submitted its final report to the
Union Finance Ministry.
It was 11-member committee notified in August 2016 by the Finance Ministry. It was tasked to
review existing payment systems in the country and recommend appropriate measures for
encouraging Digital Payments.
It was having representatives from Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Unique Identification Authority of
India (UIDAI), tax department and various industry bodies in the payments space.
Recommendations
The Committee has recommended medium term strategy for accelerating growth of Digital
Payments in India.
The strategy must be backed with regulatory regime which is conducive to bridging the
Digital divide by promoting competition, interoperability and open access in payments.
It also recommends inclusion of financially and socially excluded groups and assimilation of
emerging technologies in the market.
It calls for need of safeguarding security of Digital Transactions and providing level playing to
all stakeholders and new players who will enter this new transaction space.
It has suggested inter-operability of payments system between banks and non-banks, up-
gradation of digital payment infrastructure and institutions.
It also recommends a framework to reward innovations for leading efforts in enabling digital
payments.
Greater use of Aadhaar and mobile numbers for making digital payments as easy as cash.
Called for inter-operable payments between bank and non-banks as well as within non-
banks.
Proposed to make regulation of payments independent from the function of central banking
to give the entire digital payments boost.
Give Board for Regulation and Supervision of Payment and Settlement Systems (BPSS)
independent statutory status within overall structure of RBI.
Called for amendments to the Payments and Settlement Systems Act, 2007 to provide BPSS
explicit mandate for competition and innovation, consumer protection, open access and
interoperability, regulations on systemic risks and data protection.
Operations of payment systems like National Electronic Fund Transafer (NEFT) and Real
Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) can be outsourced after a cost benefit analysis.
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Japan successfully launches space junk collector into orbit

December 10, 2016
Japans space agency (JAXA) successfully launched a Kounotori 6 (HTV-6) spacecraft that will deliver
a large magnetic tether, a space junk collector technology into orbit.
The spacecraft was launched on board of H-IIB rocket from Tanegashima Space Center. It was also
carrying essential supplies for International Space Station (ISS).
Key Facts
The space junk collector (electromagnetic tether) will perform Kounotori Integrated Tether
Experiments (KITE) in order to test out new technology.
It is an experimental space scavenger that aims to study possibility of getting rid of space junk
(debris) left into orbit by earlier space exploration missions.
It has been designed by JAXA engineers in collaboration with Nitto Seimo Co., a Japanese
fishing net company.
The space scavenger is large magnetic tether made from thin wires of stainless steel and
aluminium. It is designed to redirect space junk towards Earths atmosphere.
In theory, the net-like tether will generate enough slowing effect to influence the trajectory of
space debris toward Earths atmosphere where they will burn up.
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Why there is need of space junk collector technology?

More than 5 decades of human space exploration since the first Soviet-launched Sputnik satellite in
1957 has produced this hazardous belt of orbiting debris in the space. There are estimated to be more
than 100 million pieces are circling our planet in the lower orbit, posing a growing threat to future
space exploration. These pieces of debris travel at high speeds. A relatively small piece of orbital
debris can inflict a great deal of damage on satellites or spacecrafts orbiting in the space. This
phenomenon is Kessler Syndrome which describes a self-sustaining cascading collision of space
debris in low earth Orbit.
Union Government scraps import duty on wheat
December 10, 2016
The Union Government has waived the import duty on wheat to zero from 10 per cent for an
indefinite period.
This move aims to improve domestic availability in the wake of rising prices and concerns about the
wheat crop in 2016-17.
The duty was waived because of uncertainty over the wheat output this year. Despite a rise in area
sown, questions are raised over condition of the wheat crop, low fertiliser and pesticide use due to
and fears of a warm winter.
The waiving of import duty will make wheat imports (especially from Australia and Ukrainian)
considerably cheaper. This will fuel imports to over 6 million tonnes in 2016-17. This will be the
highest wheat imports in the 10 years.
Background
The wheat production in the country will be around 93.50 million tonnes in 2016-17 as per the
government estimates. However, many experts have pegged the figures around 90 million tonnes
due to year-on-year droughts in 2014 and 2015. Moreover, Union Governments own wheat stocks
are at an all-time low due to less procurement.
India, Vietnam sign Civil Nuclear deal, three other agreements
December 10, 2016
India and Vietnam have signed a civil nuclear cooperation agreement. With this, Vietnam became
14th country with which India has signed the civil nuclear deal.
The MoU in Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy was signed by Sekhar Basu, Secretary of
Department of Atomic Energy and Pham Cong Tac, Vietnams Deputy Minister of Science and
Technology in New Delhi.
The two countries also signed three other agreements in the fields of energy, aviation and
government cooperation. These agreements will enhance aviation links, cooperation in the area of
energy efficiency and promotion of parliamentary cooperation between both countries.
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Vietnam also extended invitation to India to explore energy in South China Sea (SCS). It has urged
India to intensify economic engagement with Southeast Asia, highlighting Indias importance as a
regional power. It also supported Indias multilateral membership plans including UNSC.
December 11, 12, 2016
Madhya Pradesh Government launches Narmada Seva Yatra
December 12, 2016
Madhya Pradesh Government has launched five months long Narmada Seva Yatra to turn the
Narmada river pollution free. It was launched by Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan at
Amarkantak.
The Narmada Sewa Yatra aims to create awareness about the conservation of the river. It is one of
the biggest public campaign of the world to conserve river and environment.
Key Facts
All the villages along the river will have Narmada Sewa Samiti. These samitis will take follow
up action on measures to be undertaken for its preservation.
Trees will be planted along the banks of the Narmada. Participation of public and society will
be ensured in it. It will cover more than 1,900 kilometres in 16 districts.
Districts and villages along the banks of river will have facility to treate sewage water before
it discharged into the river.
The yatra holds religious, social and scientific importance of the river to create awareness
about its conservation.
India offers tsunami warning system to SCS countries
December 12, 2016
India has offered tsunami early warning-system to South China Sea (SCS) countries like Vietnam,
Malaysia and Philippines as part of soft-diplomacy.
India already provides earthquake and tsunami-warning alerts to several countries in the Indian
Ocean neighbourhood, as do Japan and Australia.
Features of Tsunami early warning-system
Developed by scientists at the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services
(INCOIS).
It warns concerned authorities of any large earthquake in the Ocean and threat it poses.
Uses mathematical model to estimate if an earthquake in Indias oceanic neighbourhood can
result in a tsunami.
It sends out a series of graded warnings to warn officials of danger based on data received
form sensors lodged on the ocean floor.
These sensors can measure actual earthquake signals and based on it generates warnings.
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Concerns
The South China Sea (SCS) is a controversial region on which China exerting territorial rights over
its large part. Some of these territorial claims have been challenged by Vietnam, Malaysia and the
Philippines. On this issue, India considers that all countries must abide by the United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which governs how countries must respect ocean
boundaries and international waters of countries. India and China are signatory to this convention.
Scientist creates Nanoceramic material for safer, cheaper nuclear reactors

December 12, 2016
Scientists from US including one of Indian origin have created a nanoceramic material that can used
for safer, cheaper nuclear reactors.
The new material is made of aluminium oxide nanoceramic coating. It can withstand high
temperatures, the harsh effects of radiation and also becomes tougher under radiation.
Potential Applications: It can be used in next- generation nuclear reactors that will operate at
higher temperatures and radiation fields, producing more energy efficiently, safely and economically.
How it is different from earlier methods?
Traditionally, water has been used as the primary coolant in reactors for absorbing the heat released
from fission reactions. Its use poses fewer risks of corrosion damage to materials, also limits the
temperatures up to which water-cooled reactors can operate. Due to the temperature limitation it
was not viable to use it in advanced reactors. Even new coolants, such as liquid metals like lead and
sodium were effective at much higher temperatures, but were more corrosive to the materials from
which a nuclear reactor is made.
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President Pranab Mukherjee launches 100 Million for 100 Million Campaign
December 12, 2016
President Pranab Mukherjee launched a 100 Million for 100 Million Campaign at Rashtrapati
Bhavan.
The campaign was conceptualized by Nobel peace prize winner Kailash Satyarthi and was organized
by the Kailash Satyarthi Childrens Foundation.
Key Facts
The campaign aims to mobilise 100 million youth and children for 100 million
underprivileged children across the world.
Its prime objective is to end child labour, child slavery, violence against children over the next
5 years.
It also seeks to promote the right of every child to be safe, free, and educated.
It will strive to inspire 100 million children to speak and act for the numerous other
unfortunate children living in terrible conditions to build a child-friendly world.
Laureates and Leaders for Children Summit
The launch of the campaign also brought curtains to the two-day Laureates and Leaders for
Children Summit held at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi.
This summit had brought together collective leadership of around 25 Nobel laureates and
leaders on a single platform for creating a child-friendly world.
It even had channelized world leaders, thinkers, representatives of UN, award winning
youth/child leaders and eminent persons from academia, business, cinema, sports and civil
society.
Cancel illegal salt pans in Sambhar Lake: NGT
December 12, 2016
The central zonal bench of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) has directed the Rajasthan
government to cancel allotments of salt pans in the Sambhar Salt Lake.
Ruling in this regard was given by NGT bench headed by Justice Dalip Singh and expert Satyawan
Singh Garbyal on a petition filed by Ajay Dubey.
What is the issue?
The petitioner had alleged that commercial, ground water extracting and other activities in and
around the Sambhar Lake are detrimental to the eco-system of the wetland. These activities were
carried out illegally contrary to the provisions of the Wetland (Conservation and Management)
Rules framed under the Environment Protection Acts, 1986.
NGT order
Directed state government to cancel allotments of all salt pans falling within the wetland and
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run contrary to the mandate of Wetland Rules, 2010 must be cancelled.

State government not to make any further allotments or permit new salt pans within the
wetland areas.
The Sambhar Salt Lake should declare no construction zone for the said purpose in
accordance with the Wetland Rules, 2010.
Background
The illegal business of brine extraction in the Sambhar Salt Lake (SSL) was first highlighted in the
Vinod Kapoor Committee report in 2010. The report had mentioned that 15-20 borewells were
operating in every bigha of land in the vicinity of SSL. It resulted in to exploitation of water
resources leading to decline groundwater level by almost 60 metres in the area.
About Sambhar Salt Lake
Sambhar Salt Lake is Indias largest inland salt lake. It is located in Nagaur and Jaipur
districts of Rajasthan. It is surrounded on all sides by the Aravali hills.
The lake is actually an extensive saline wetland with circumference of 96 km. It receives
water from an endorheic basin with 5700 square km catchment area.
Economic Importance: It is source of most of Rajasthans salt production. It produces
196,000 tonnes of clean salt every year.
Ecological Importance: It has been designated as a Ramsar site (recognized wetland of
international importance).
It is important wintering area for flamingos and other birds that migrate from northern Asia.
Gotthard Base Tunnel, worlds longest rail tunnel starts regular service
December 12, 2016
The famed Gotthard Base Tunnel (GBT) has started regular commercial rail service in Switzerland.
The first regular train to use GBT ferried passenger from Zurich to Lugano.
The twin-bore GBT is worlds longest and deepest railway tunnel with length of 57-kilometer.
It had overtaken Japans Seikan tunnel (53.9 kilometers) as the longest rail tunnel in world after it
was opened in June 2016 for its maiden ride.
Key Facts
GBT is the first flat low-level route through the Alps Mountain. It is situated 2.3 km deep
under these mountains and57-kilometer long.
It connects northern and southern Europe and also shortens travel time for many rail routes
It was built in 17 years time frame starting in 1992 as a part of AlpTransit project, also
known as New Railway Link through the Alps (NRLA).
It consists of two single-track tunnels connecting Erstfeld (Uri) with Bodio (Ticino) and
passing below Sedrun (Graubnden).
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The main purpose of the GBT is to increase total transport capacity across the Alps, especially
for freight.
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Kolkata-Mizoram trade route via Myanmar to open soon

December 12, 2016
A deep water port built in Myanmars Sittwe by India is ready to be commissioned. Thus, open
Kolkata-Mizoram trade route via Myanmar.
The Sittwe port is starting point for the Kaladan Multi Modal Transit Transport Project in
Myanmar.
Once shipments arrive at Sittwe port from Kolkata, they will be transferred to smaller freight
carriers which would sail upstream into Mizoram.
Significance
Provides alternative route to India to ship goods to the landlocked north-eastern States.
Significantly lower the cost and distance of movement from Kolkata to Mizoram and beyond.
Reduces dependency on only route narrow strip dubbed as the Chickens Neck in West
Bengal, sandwiched between Bhutan and Bangladesh.
India has piped post Chinese endeavour to create a deep-sea berthing infrastructure and SEZ
at Kyaukphyu in Rakhine.
Background
Sittwe is the capital of Rakhine State situtated in south-western Myanmar. It is located at the mouth
of the Kaladan river, which flows into Mizoram in north-eastern India. The work on Kaladan
Multi Modal Transit Transport Project was conceived in 2010. Construction of the sea port is
the first phase of an integrated $500-million project being funded by a long-term interest-free loan
provided by India.
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Ammonia detected for first time in upper Troposphere

December 12, 2016
Scientists for the first time have detected trace amounts of ammonia in the upper troposphere, the
lowest atmospheric layer of Earth.
It was detected by team of researchers from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany. They
had analysed satellite data collected from various parts of the troposphere between June 2002 to
April 2012.
Key Findings
The ammonia (NH3) was released into the atmosphere as agricultural emission from
livestock farming and fertilisation.
It was found in highest concentrations above Asian monsoon regions of India and China.
Similar levels of ammonia were detected nowhere else on Earth.
The ammonia concentration was up to 33 pptv (33 ammonia molecules per trillion air
molecules) above Southeast China and North India.
The ammonia released due to agricultural processes survives all the way to the troposphere,
where it ends up in monsoons.
It is not washed out completely when air ascends in monsoon circulation. It enters the upper
troposphere from the boundary layer close to the ground, where the gas occurs at relatively
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high concentrations.
The detected ammonia may be playing a role in formation of aerosol (tiny particles made
from super-fine solid particles) in the troposphere.
The aerosol may have influence cloud formation and altering properties of existing clouds
It is thought that accumulation of ammonia in the troposphere could have a cooling effect.
It can be compensating in part for the human-caused greenhouse effect. Thus, it can help to
mitigate the effects of global warming
Earths troposphere: It extends from 7 to 20 km above sea level. It contains up to 80% of the
planets atmosphere, and all weather phenomena.
Cristiano Ronaldo wins 2016 FIFA Ballon dOr Award
December 13, 2016
Real Madrid forward Cristiano Ronaldo (31) from Portugal has won the prestigious 2016 FIFA
Ballon dOr Award.
He has earned this title of worlds best football player for fourth time. Earlier he had won the Ballon
dOr in 2008, 2013 and 2014.
In this years competition, Barcelonas Lionel Messi (Argentina) finished second and Atletico
Madrids Antoine Griezmann (France) third in the vote.
About FIFA Ballon dOr Award
FIFA Ballon dOr Award is annual football association award given by FIFA to the male
player who has performed the best in previous calendar year.
It was instituted in 2010 after France Footballs Ballon dOr and the mens FIFA World Player
of the Year award were merged.
It is awarded to male player, based upon highest votes secured by him from national team
coaches and captains, as well as journalists from around world.
December 13, 2016
Punjab Government launches Indias first amphibious bus project
December 13, 2016
Punjab Government has launched countrys first amphibious bus project at the Harike wetland
near Amritsar.
The amphibious bus named as Harike Cruise travels on land and as well as in water. It was
launched by Deputy Chief Minister Sukhbir Singh Badal.
Key Facts
The first of its kind amphibious bus in India was imported from Swedish automobile
company Scania.
It will be run by the Punjab Tourism department. The project has cost the state government
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over Rs 11 crore.
It has a seating capacity of 34 people and is equipped with life-jackets for everyone.
The route of bus includes a 13 km ride from Amritsar to Harike wetlands. It will then
traverse 4km on water. It covers the distance in 45 minutes.
About Harike wetland
Harike Wetland (also known as Hari-ke-Pattan) is largest wetland in northern India. It borders of
Tarn Taran Sahib and Ferozepur district of Punjab. The wetland and the Harike lake were formed by
constructing the headworks (dams) across the confluence of the Beas and Sutlej rivers in 1953. It
supports rich biodiversity which plays a vital role in maintaining the precious hydrological balance in
the catchment area. It was designated Ramsar Wetlands of International Importance in March
1990. It has provides ecological support to migratory fauna and number of globally threatened
species such as Indus dolphins and Gharials.
Antonio Guterres sworn in as UN Secretary General
December 13, 2016
Former Portuguese Prime Minister Antonio Guterres (67) was sworn in as the 9th UN Secretary-
General.
He was administered the Oath of Office by Peter Thomson, President of UN General Assembly at
special plenary meeting. He succeeds Ban Ki-moon and shall have five-year term beginning January
1, 2017.
Antonio Guterres was unanimously appointed by the UN General Assembly after the 15-nation UN
Security Council had approved him in October 2016.
About Antonio Guterres
Antonio Guterres is Portuguese politician and diplomat. He was Prime Minister of Portugal
from 1995 to 2002.
He had entered politics in 1976 during Portugals first democratic election after the
Carnation Revolution which had ended five decades of dictatorship.
He was the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) from June 2005 to
December 2015.
He led the UNHCR through during one of the worlds worst present refugee crises, including
those in Syria, Afghanistan, and Iraq.
About Secretary-General of United Nations
The UN Secretary-General is the head of the United Nations Secretariat. He is de facto spokesperson
and leader of the UN. The role Secretary-General has been mentioned in Chapter XV (Articles 97
to 101) of UN Charter. The post lasts for five years and is limited to a maximum of two terms.
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Summary
The post of Secretary-General of United Nations is not as powerful, but he serves as the UNs top
diplomat and chief administrative officer. He has to run an unwieldy bureaucracy and manage the
competing demands of the worlds big powers. His role is to step in both publicly and privately to
prevent escalation of international disputes.
India, Indonesia sign three agreements to enhance strategic partnership
December 13, 2016
India and Indonesia have signed three agreements in various areas to enhance strategic partnership.
These agreements were signed after delegation level talks between Prime Minister Narendra Modi
and visiting President of Indonesia Joko Widodo in New Delhi.
Signed Agreements are
MoU on Youth and Sports Cooperation.
MoU on Standardization Cooperation.
Joint Communiqu on Voluntary International Cooperation to Combat Illegal, Unregulated
and Unreported (IUU) Fishing and to promote Sustainable Fisheries Governance.
Besides, both countries decided to strengthen their defence and maritime security relations and
resolved to effectively address the issue of terrorism.
Outcomes of delegation level talks
Terrorism: Condemned terrorism in all its forms and manifestations in the strongest terms.
Emphasized zero tolerance for acts of terrorism.
Called upon all countries to implement the UNSC Resolution 1267 (banning militant groups
and their leaders) and other resolutions designating terrorist entities.
Called upon all countries to work towards eliminating terrorist safe havens and infrastructure
in disrupting terrorist networks and financing channels, and stopping cross-border terrorism.
Economic and Development: Agreed to build a strong economic and development
partnership to strengthen the flow of trade, capital and people between them.
Defence and security cooperation: Agreed to prioritize defence and security cooperation
to ensure safety and security of sea lanes, environmental protection and disaster response.
Further boost partnership for combating terrorism, organized crime, drugs and human
trafficking.
ASEAN and RCEP: Agreed for an early implementation of India-ASEAN Free Trade
Agreement in Services and investment, and finalization of the Regional Comprehensive
Economic Partnership (RCEP).
Researchers discover mutated Atlantic killifish resistant to toxic waste 8,000 times
December 13, 2016
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Researchers discovered Atlantic killifish, a fish species which has evolved to be 8,000 times more
resilient to toxic waste compared with normal fish.
The fish species lives in the heavily polluted East Coast estuaries of US such as the Elizabeth River in
Virginia and the Newark Bay in New Jersey.
Key Facts
The evolution has made Atlantic killifish very resilient to environmental change allows it live
in lethal and human-altered environments.
The fish has evolved to adapt to the amount of highly toxic industrial pollutants that would
normally kill normal fish.
Killifish has resilience to high levels of genetic variation which is higher than those of other
vertebrates including humans.
The fish has small strip on its small body and has beautiful colours. It is not commercially
valuable
Ecologists use it as an indicator species acting like an aquatic canary in polluted
environments.
How it is resistant to toxic waste?
The high genetic diversity of the killifish makes it unusually well-positioned to adapt and survive in
habitats that have been radically changed. It has the genetic variation needed to adapt even before the
habitats they live in became polluted. It can live in polluted sites have been contaminated by a
mixture of industrial plants which include heavy metals, dioxins, hydrocarbons and other chemicals.
Union Government to launch National Resource Centre Vanjeevan for Tribal Livelihood
December 13, 2016
The Union Ministry of Tribal Affairs is going to will launch Vanjeevan, the National Resource
Centre (NRC) for Tribal Livelihood issues in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.
It will be launched in collaboration with UNDP and National Scheduled Tribes Finance and
Development Corporation (NSTFDC). Besides, NRC website and e-knowledge platform on tribal
livelihood will also be unveiled.
Key Facts
Vanjeevan in the first phase will identify the problems in livelihood issues in select districts of
six states having low Human Development Index (HDI) of tribal people.
The programme will focus on the identification of local resources, keeping in view the
existing skill level.
It will facilitate utilization of funds under various Government programmes for the above
purpose.
It will be implemented in Assam, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Odisha and Telangana
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in the first phase.

In the second phase the programme will be implemented in the states of Arunachal Pradesh,
Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya and Tripura.
National Resource Centre (NRC)
NRC will serve as a platform for livelihood mapping, skill gap analysis. It will be knowledge hub for
providing consolidation of best livelihood and entrepreneurship models for the tribal
entrepreneurship development.
Microsoft launches Indias first Cybersecurity Engagement Centre in New Delhi
December 13, 2016
Software giant Microsoft India has launched its first full-scale Cybersecurity Engagement Centre
(CSEC) in New Delhi.
It is Microsofts seventh Cybersecurity Centre in the world. It will function as a satellite to the its
Redmond Digital Crimes Unit (DCU).
Key Facts
The first-of-its-kind centre in India will bring together Microsoft capabilities to foster deeper
cybersecurity collaborations with public and private sector organisations.
It will help to build a trusted and secure computing environment, a critical enabler for Indias
digital transformation.
It will provide protection across all end-points from sensors to the data centre, detection of
attack using targeted signals, machine learning and behavioural monitoring.
It will eventually help in closing the gap between discovery and action taken to neutralise the
attack.
It will enable and empower enterprises to manage modern security threats effectively. It will
also expand Microsofts public-private partnerships in India.
The centre will also enable customers tap into a pool of resources such as security specialists
and technologies at Microsoft.
Microsofts other six cyber security centres are located in Singapore, Tokyo, Beijing, Seoul, Berlin
and Washington DC. Earlier it had rolled out nationwide campaign Microsoft Secure to increase
awareness on cybersecurity to help organisations understand their security requirements better.
December 14, 2016
NASA building robotic spacecraft to refuel, repair satellites in orbit
December 14, 2016
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is building a robotic spacecraft dubbed
as Restore-L Spacecraft to refuel, repair satellites currently in orbit.
In this regard, NASA has awarded a $127 million contract to California-based satellite company
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Space Systems/Loral to build Restore-L Spacecraft.

Space Systems/Loral will provide NASA with spacecraft bus, critical hardware and services for the
Restore-L mission. This mission will be launched in 2020 to perform in-orbit satellite servicing in
low-Earth orbit.
Key Facts
The robotic spacecraft (Restore-L Spacecraft) will be outfitted with the latest tools and
technologies to repair, refuel or service satellites currently in orbit.
It will help in extending life of existing satellites and reduce operation costs. It can also be
used for cleaning space debris or testing asteroid platforms.
The Restore-L Project is managed within NASAs Satellite Servicing Projects Division located
Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
India becomes worlds 4th largest defence spender
December 14, 2016
According to the recently released 2016 IHS Janes Defence Budgets report, India has become the
worlds fourth largest defence spender.
In this edition of report published by US research firm IHS Inc, India has surpassed Russia, France,
Japan and Saudi Arabia to become the worlds fourth largest defence spender.
Key Highlights from report
United States, China, and the UK remain the top three defence spender in the world. In 2016,
the total global defence spending increased to $1.57 trillion.
US tops with mammoth defence spending of $622 billion. China is second with defence
spending of $191.75
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billion.
India had spent $50.6 billion in 2016 on defence sector, up from $46.6 billion the year 2015.
Thus, India spends some 1.8% of its GDP on defence. Of this, up to 36% is spent on capital
acquisition.
Over the next few years, India will re-emerge as a key growth market for defence suppliers to
fulfill its military focused modernisation. India will surpass the UK in defence spending by
2018.
India needs to spend some $130 billion to modernise its military over the next seven years.
NDA Government since coming to power in May 2014 has laid tremendous stress on
ramping up the countrys defence facilities.
India also has been looking at increasing share of domestic manufacturing in defence goods.
The foreign direct investment (FDI) limit for the defence sector in India also has been raised
to 49%.
Indias defence and aerospace market is among the most attractive globally. Government is
keen to leverage this advantage to promote investments in the sector.
India, Russia bilateral naval exercise Indra Navy 2016 begins
December 14, 2016
The ninth edition of exercise INDRA NAVY, an annual bilateral maritime exercise between Indian
Navy and Russian Navy began in the Bay of Bengal.
The primary aim of exercise INDRA NAVY-16 is to increase inter-operability amongst the two
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navies and develop common understanding and procedures for maritime security operations.
Key Facts
The scope of the exercise includes wide-ranging professional interactions in harbor phase and
a diverse canvas of operational activities across a spectrum of maritime operations at sea.
The exercise will be held in two phases viz. Harbour Phase (14 to 18 December 2016) at
Visakhapatnam and tSea Phase (19 to 21 December 2016) off Visakhapatnam.
The Harbour Phase will encompass table-top exercises, planning conferences, and
professional interactions prior progressing to sea.
The thrust of exercises at sea will be on Air Defence Drills, ASW, Surface Firings, visit Board
Search and Seizure (VBSS) and Tactical procedures.
Indian Navy will be represented by INS Ranvir a guided missile destroyer, INS Satpura an
indigenous frigate and INS Kamorta an indigenous Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW)
corvette.
In addition, an INS submarine, Dornier Short Range Maritime Patrol Aircraft, P8I Long
Range Maritime Patrol Aircraft and other integral rotary wing helicopters will also
participate.
Russian Navy (RuFN) will be represented by Rear Admiral Eduard Mikhalov, Deputi Chief of
Flotilla, Pacific Fleet and ships from the Pacific Fleet, based at Vladivostok. RuFN ships
Admiral Tributus (cruiser) and Boris Butoma (fleet tanker) are part of the fleet.
Background
INDRA NAVY is a bilateral maritime exercise between the Indian and Russian navies was initiated
in 2003. It epitomizes the strategic relationship between the two countries. Over the years, the
exercise has matured with increase in scope, complexity of operations and level of participation.
Comment
Exercise INDRA NAVY 16 will help to further strengthen mutual confidence and inter-operability,
and also enable sharing of best practices between both navies. It will be another milestone in
strengthening maritime security cooperation between Indian and Russia. It will also serve to
reinforce the long standing bond of friendship between the two countries.
6th Asia Pacific Ministerial Conference on Housing and Urban Development begins in New
Delhi
December 14, 2016
(APMCHUD) began in New Delhi. It was inaugurated by Union Urban Development Minister M
Venkaiah Naidu.
The three days conference seeks to address issues ranging from crowded city centres to peripheral
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expansion, metropolitan based urban population growth, megacities and urban corridors etc.
Key Facts
In this conference ministers and senior officials from 68 countries in the Asia-Pacific region
are expected to deliberate on challenges of urban planning and management.
It will adopt Delhi Declaration and implementation plan for aligning urban development
strategies of member countries with New Urban Agenda adopted at Quito, Eucador.
During the conference, five working groups will deliberate on different sub-themes like
Integrated Planning, Management and Governance Structures.
They will also be ensuring sustainable and natural disaster resilient urban development
including climate change.
The conference assumes significance considering that Asia Pacific Region accounts for 60% of
the world population and 55% of global urban population.
About New Urban Agenda
It was adopted at the UN Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development
(also known as Habitat III conference) held in Quito, Ecuador.
It sets the global vision of sustainable urbanization for the next 20 years. It is a set of 175
commitments that countries need to adhere to tackle challenges of urbanization.
It is considered as roadmap for building cities that can serve as engines of prosperity and
centres of social and cultural well-being while protecting the environment.
It provides guidance for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and provides the
underpinning for actions to address climate change.
About APMCHUD
APMCHUD is an intergovernmental mechanism for collaboration and cooperation in the field of
housing and development among Asia Pacific countries. It was established under the aegis and
support of UN-Habitat. It is consultative mechanism on the promotion of sustainable development
of housing and urban development in Asia-Pacific region.
Rajya Sabha passes Rights of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2016
December 14, 2016
Rajya Sabha has passed the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2016. The bill repeals Persons
with Disabilities (Equal Opportunity Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act of 1995.
The bill comprehensively covers a whole spectrum of problems from physical disabilities to mental
illness and multiple disabilities under it. It complies with the UN Convention on Rights of Persons with
Disabilities, to which India became a signatory in 2007.
Salient features of the bill
Definition of disability: It has defined based on an evolving and dynamic concept to
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include 21 conditions as disable. Expands the list of disabilities from seven to 21.
It also defines Persons with benchmark disabilities as those with at least 40% of any of the
above specified disabilities.
Speech and Language Disability and Specific Learning Disability have been added for the first
time. Acid Attack Victims have been included.
Rights of persons with disabilities: Persons with disabilities (PwDs) shall have the right to
equality. They shall not be discriminated against on grounds of their disability.
Rights include protection from inhuman treatment and equal protection and safety in
situations of risk, humanitarian emergencies, natural disasters and armed conflict.
All existing public buildings shall be made accessible for disabled persons.
Education and skill development: It provides for the access to inclusive education, self-
employment and vocational training to disabled persons.
At least 5% seats in all government institutions of higher education and those getting aid
from the government are required to reserve seats for persons with benchmark disabilities.
Earlier it was only 3%.
Employment: The Union and State governments will ensure that at least 4% of the vacancies
in identified establishments are filled by persons or class of persons with at least 40% of any of
the disabilities.
The reservation must be computed on the basis of total number of vacancies in the strength
of a cadre. Government can exempt any establishment from this provision of reservation.
Legal Capacity: Disabled persons have the equal right to own and inherit movable and
immovable property, as well as control their financial affairs in par with others.
Guardianship: The district court may order guardianship to the disable person if found a
mentally ill person and not capable of taking care of himself or of taking legally binding
decisions.
District level committees: It will be constituted by the State Governments to address local
concerns of PwDs. Details of their constitution and the functions of such committees would
be prescribed by the State Governments in the rules.
Special Courts will be designated in each district to handle cases concerning violation of
rights of PwDs.
Central and state advisory boards on Disability: They will be constituted Central and
State governments respectively.
They will advise governments on policies and programmes on disability. The will aslo review
the activities of organisations dealing with disabled persons.
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National and State Fund: It will be created to provide financial support to the persons with
disabilities. The existing National Fund for PwDs and the Trust Fund for Empowerment of
PwDs will be subsumed with the National Fund.
Punishment: It provides for imprisonment ranging from six months to two years, along
with a fine ranging from Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 5 lakh, for discriminating against differently abled
persons.
December 15, 2016
Union Cabinet approves MoU between India-Kyrgyzstan on agriculture cooperation
December 15, 2016
The Union Cabinet has approved memorandum of understanding (MoU) between India and
Kyrgyzstan on cooperation in field of agriculture and food related industry.
The proposed agreement covers various activities in the field of agriculture and allied sector.
Key provisions on MoU
It includes exchange of information and experience in field of research, animal breeding,
Avian Influenza and Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), veterinary medicine.
It also covers exchange of information in plant growing, production of seeds based on
modern technology, certification of seed and different types of irrigation.
It also provides cooperation in the field of protection of plant variety rights; agricultural, food
trade and horticulture, food safety and standards; aquaculture and fisheries, etc.
It provides constitution of a Joint Working Group (JWG) comprising of representatives from
both countries.
JWG will prepare plans of cooperation, provide solutions to problems arising during
implementation of this agreement and implementation of tasks.
Besides, the Union Cabinet also approved MoU between India and Kyrgystan for strengthening
cooperation in the field of Tourism.
Note: Kyrgyzstan is a part of CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) countries. It is bordered
by countries like Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. India and Kyrgyzstan enjoys strong diplomatic and
long economic relationship.
Union Cabinet approves MoU between ISRO and USGS
December 15, 2016
The Union Cabinet has approved MoU signed between ISRO and United States Geological Survey
(USGS) for Cooperation in t exchange and use of US Land Remote Sensing Satellite Data.
This MoU signed in July 2016 will enable ISRO to receive USGSs Landsat-7 and 8 in India. It will
also allow USGS to receive ISROs Resourcesat-2 (AWiFS and LISS III) data of US region.
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Background
ISRO is actively pursuing civilian space cooperation with many US organisations including National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), United States Geological Survey (USGS) and
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for its interest. ISRO had received data
from Landsat series of satellites operated by USGS during 1984 to 2001 through its ground station at
Shadnagar. The data received from Landsat series of satellites was used by Indian scientists during
the inception of Indian remote sensing programme. Recently in February 2013, USGS has launched
Landsat -8 satellite. ISRO expressed interest in direct reception of Landsat-8 data in India, while
USGS expressed interest in obtaining data from ISROs RESOURCESAT-2 satellite.
Seventh Indo-Maldives joint military exercise EKUVERIN begins
December 15, 2016
The seventh edition of India, Maldives bilateral EKUVERIN Exercise 2016 began at Kadhdhoo,
Laamu Atoll, Maldives.
The aim of 14 day platoon level joint military exercise is to conduct military training between armies
of both countries with emphasis on amphibious & counter insurgency, counter terrorism
operations.
Key Facts
In this edition of exercise, Indian contingent is represented by BIHAR Regiment and a similar
contingent strength of the Maldivian National Defence Force.
It will cover varied military training activities in order to enhance interoperability between
the two defence forces. It will conclude with tactical exercises.
The sixth edition of the exercise was held in India at Pangode Military Station in
Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala.
Union Cabinet approves Indias approach to climate change negotiations at COP22 to
UNFCCC
December 15, 2016
The Union Cabinet approved Indias approach to Climate Change Negotiations at the 22 Conference
of Parties (COP) to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), held in
Marrakesh, Morocco in November 2016.
The approval aims to safeguard interest of poor and vulnerable groups by laying stress on adaptation,
damage and loss while protecting the development space.
What is Indias approach?
Growth and development of a country are linked with Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. The
development space for India and developing countries needs to be preserved while combating the ill-
effects of climate change. It seeks to address the adaptation needs of the country to combat the ill-
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effects of climate change and also enables the achievement of developmental goal. The approach
incorporates the interest of all strata of society in the country.
Background
India in the 22 COP to UNFCCC had participated constructively to ensure that actions are based on
the principles of equity and climate justice. India in along with other developing countries was able
to ensure that climate actions are based on the principles of equity and common but differentiated
responsibilities (CBDR) and climate justice.
Pakistan successfully test-fires enhanced version of Babur cruise missile
December 15, 2016
Pakistan Army has successfully test fired an enhanced version of an indigenously-designed Babur
cruise missile.
The missile incorporates advanced aerodynamics and avionics that can strike targets both at land and
sea with high accuracy.
About Babur Missile
The missile has been named after the first Moghal emperor. It is a low flying, terrain hugging
cruise missile.
It is part of Babur Weapon System version-2 which is an important force multiplier for
Pakistans strategic defence.
It is an enhanced version of earlier missile. It carries certain stealth features and is capable of
carrying various types of warheads
Range: It can hit targets located at 700 km with all kinds of warheads. Thus, it brings many
Indian cities within its range.
Features: It is equipped with state-of-the-art navigational technologies of Terrain Contour
Matching (TERCOM) and all time Digital Scene Matching & Area Co-relation (DSMAC).
It enables the missile to engage various types of targets with pinpoint accuracy even in the
absence of GPS navigation.
Union Cabinet approves Major Port Trust Authorities Bill, 2016 to give autonomy to 12
major ports
December 15, 2016
The Union Cabinet has approved the draft Major Port Authorities Bill, 2016 to replace the existing
Major Port Trusts Act, 1963.
The bill aims to empower 12 major ports to perform with greater efficiency on account of full
autonomy in decision-making.
Salient features of the bill
The Bill is more compact in comparison to Major Port Trusts Act, 1963. It has reduced
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number of sections to 65 from 134 by eliminating obsolete and overlapping Sections of

previous Act.
Board of Port Authority: It has been delegated full powers to enter into contracts, planning
and development, fixing of tariff.
However, these powers have exception in case of national interest, security and emergency
arising out of inaction and default.
Empowers the Board to make its own Master Plan in respect of area within port limits and
construct within port limits Pipelines, Communication towers, Telephones, electricity supply
or transmission equipment.
It is empowered to lease land for Port related use for upto 40 years and for any purpose other
than purposes specified in section 22. The approval above 20 years leasing will also require
approval of the Central Government.
Size of the Board of Port Authority: It has been reduced from 17-19 to 11 members. The
compact board with professional independent members will strengthen decision-making and
strategic planning.
Representatives of the Board: It will include representatives of respective state
governments, Defence Ministry, Railways Ministry and Department of Revenue along with a
member representing employees of Major Ports Authority.
Rates of other port services and assets: The Board of the Port Authority has been allowed
to fix the scale of rates for other port services and assets including land.
Role of Tariff Authority for Major Ports (TAMP): It has been redefined. It has been
given powers to fix tariff which will act as a reference tariff for purposes of bidding for PPP
projects. PPP operators will be free to fix tariff based on market conditions.
Independent Review Board: It has been proposed to carry out the residual function of the
erstwhile TAMP for major ports. It will look into disputes between ports and PPP
concessionaires. It will also review stressed PPP projects and suggest measures to revive such
projects.
Significance of the Bill
Promotes expansion of port infrastructure and facilitate trade and commerce. Bring
transparency in operations of Major Ports.
Decentralize decision making and infuse professionalism in governance of major ports.
Impart faster and transparent decision making benefiting the stakeholders and better project
execution capability.
Reorients governance model in central Ports to landlord port model in line with the
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successful global practice.

Note: 12 major ports are Kandla (Gujarat), Mumbai (Maharashtra), JNPT (Maharashtra),
Marmugao (Goa), New Managlore (Karnataka), Cochin (Kerala), Chennai (Tamil Nadu), Ennore
(Tamil Nadu), V.O. Chidambarnar (Tamil Nadu), Visakhapatnam (Adhra Pradesh), Paradip
(Odisha) and Kolkata (including Haldia, West Bengal).
Union Cabinet approves MoU between Rural Development Ministry & FAO
December 15, 2016
The Union Cabinet has approved MoU between Ministry of Rural Development and Food and
Agriculture Organisation (FAO) to improve effectiveness of rural development programmes in
country.
The Inter-Governmental MoU on Joint Technical and South-South Cooperation will provide
for collaboration on activities of common interest to support an integrated approach to rural poverty
reduction through activities. These activities will aim to promote economic empowerment of rural
women, access of rural poor to natural resources.
Key Facts
The MoU aims to improve effectiveness of rural development programmes in India and
facilitate knowledge sharing by exchange of visits and dialogue for knowledge and experience
sharing.
It will facilitate South-South cooperation mechanisms around Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana
National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM)s experience.
It will strengthen vertical upscaling of livelihoods of rural populations supported by DAY-
NRLM, develop inclusive and sustainable value chains for key crops and agro-industrial
products.
It will also facilitate employment diversification, skills development for rural youth,
strengthen social protection, risk management mechanisms.
It will also provide collaboration to support an integrated approach to rural poverty reduction
through activities aimed to promote economic empowerment of rural women, access of rural
poor to natural resources and their sustainable use and social protection.
About Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY -NRLM)
DAY-NRLM is a flagship rural poverty reduction program of Union Ministry of Rural
Development.
It launched with an objective of social mobilization, financial inclusion and sustainable
livelihoods promotion.
It aims at creating effective and efficient institutional platforms for rural poor by increasing
household income through sustainable livelihood enhancements and improving access to
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financial services.
One of its major focus areas is promotion of existing livelihood portfolios of the rural poor in
farm and non-farm sectors.
PM Narendra Modi ranks 9th among worlds most powerful people list of Forbes
December 15, 2016
Prime Minister Narendra Modi was placed at 9th position among 74 of the worlds most powerful
people list released by the Forbes Magazine.
The list gives the annual ranking of the Worlds Most Powerful People on the basis of their financial
resources, scope and use of power and the number of people they impact.
Key Facts
2016 edition of the list was topped by Russian President Vladimir Putin. This is for fourth
consecutive year Putin has topped the list.
The first billionaire President of the United States was ranked second in the list. In the 2015
edition of the list he was placed 72. Outgoing US President Barack Obama dropped from 2 to
48.
German Chancellor and backbone of the European Union Angela Merkel was ranked 3rd.
She continues her reign as the most powerful woman on the planet for consecutive 11 years.
New names in list: Theresa May (#13), Travis Kalanick (#64), Bob Iger (#67), Mike Pence
(#69); Rodrigo Duterte (#70), Sheldon Adelson (#72), Antonio Guterres (#36) and Recep
Erdogan (#56).
Other Indians in the list: Reliance Industries Chairman Mukesh Ambani (#38), Microsoft
CEO Satya Nadella (#51).
10 most powerful people in the world
Rank Name Designation
1 Vladimir Putin President of Russia
2 Donald Trump President of US
3 Angela Merkel Chancellor of Germany
4 Xi Jinping President of China
5 Pope Francis Pope of Roman Catholic Church, Vatican City
6 Janet Yellen Chairperson of US Federal Reserve
7 Bill Gates Chairman of Bill & Melinda Foundation
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8 Larry Page Founder of Google
9 Narendra Modi Prime Minister of India
10 Mark Zuckerberg Cofounder of Facebook
Indians in the list
38 Mukesh Ambani Chairman of Reliance Industries
51 Satya Nadella Microsoft CEO
About Forbes list of Worlds Most Powerful People

The list of Worlds Most Powerful People started in 2009 by Forbes magazine. Since then annually
published. The list has one slot for person or leader for every 100 million people on Earth. These
slots are allocated based on the amount of human and financial resources as well as their influence on
world events. It that in 2011 there were 70, and in 2012 there were 71 slots. Similarly in 2016 it has
74 slots.
Union Government launches Lucky Grahak Yojana, Digi Dhan Vyapar Yojana to promote
digital payments
December 15, 2016
The Union Government has launched Lucky Grahak Yojana to encourage consumers and Digi
Dhan Vyapar Yojana to encourage merchants for transition to digital payments.
These award based schemes were launched by the NITI (National Institution for Transforming
India) Aayog, governments policy think-tank.
Key Facts
These schemes aim to give cash awards to consumers and merchants who utilize digital
payment instruments for personal consumption expenditures.
They will specially focuses on bringing the poor, lower middle class and small businesses into
the digital payment fold.
National Payment Corporation of India (NPCI) will be the implementing agency for these
schemes.
Transactions using USSD, UPI, RuPay and AEPS will only be covered under these schemes.
Digital payments made through credit cards and e-wallets wont be covered.
To ensure focus on small transactions incentives will be restricted to transactions within the
range of Rs 50 and Rs 3000.
The winners shall be identified through a random draw of eligible Transaction IDs by
software to be especially developed by NPCI for this purpose.
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Lucky Grahak Yojana

Under it, consumers making payment through digital mode will get chance to win minimum
Rs 1000 each every day or Rs 1 lakh per week.
15,000 winners will get cashback prizes of Rs 1000 each every day starting on 25 December
2016 (Christmas) and ending on 14 April 2017 (Babasaheb Ambedkar Jayanthi).
In addition, there will be weekly awards worth Rs 1 lakh, Rs 10,000 and Rs 5,000 for 7000
people. On last day of scheme mega prize winner award will be announced. He will get Rs. 1
crore award.
Digi Dhan Vyapar Yojana
This scheme is for the merchants across the country. Mandatory for merchants to have POS
(Point of Sale) machines for undertaking cashless transactions.
Under it, merchants doing business using POS are eligible to win Rs.50000 per week from 25
December 2016 to 14 April 2017.
3 Mega Prizes for merchants will be of Rs 50 lakhs, 25 lakh, 12 lakh for digital transactions
between 8 November 2016 to 13 April 2017. It will be announced on 14 April 2017.
December 16, 2016
e-Tourist visa extended to citizens of 161 countries: Government
December 16, 2016
The Union Government has extended the facility of e-Tourist Visa (e-TV) Scheme for citizens of
161 countries. It was announced by Tourism Minister Mahesh Sharma in a written reply to Rajya
Sabha.
The reply also mentioned that number of foreign tourist arrivals on e-TV during January to
November 2016 was 9,17,446. This period registered a growth of 168.5% over same period of
previous year. This indicates success of the e-TV Scheme.
About E-Tourist Visa Scheme
Union Government had launched e-Tourist Visa Scheme (as Tourist Visa on Arrival scheme)
on November 27, 2014.
The scheme facilitates pre-authorization of Visa i.e. electronic travel authorisation is given to
foreigners prior to travel after applicant registers for visa online.
After registration applicant receives an email authorising him or her to travel to India after it
has been approved. The tourist can travel with a print-out of this authorisation.
The scheme aims to tap the vast tourism potential of India which still remains untapped and
explored.
5th India-Arab partnership conference held in Muscat, Oman
December 16, 2016
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The fifth edition of the India-Arab Partnership Conference was held in Muscat, Oman from
December 14 to 15, 2016. Theme of the conference was Partnership towards innovation and
cooperation in IT.
It was organised by the Oman Foreign Ministry, Arab League Secretariat in association with the
Union Ministry of External Affairs of India.
Key Facts
The aim of the conferences was to enhance flow of investments from both sides, accelerate
the investment projects of prioritized sectors, provide conducive environment for export
promotion.
It discussed several important topics in fields of technology, innovation, health, pharma
sector, clean technology, renewable energy, food security, education, skills development and
tourism sector.
Around 500 representatives including from the Arab League and Indian government officials,
businessmen, investors and academicians participated in the conference.
Other collaboration partners of the conference included Federation of Arab Businessmen
(FAB) and the General Union of Arab Chambers of Commerce and Industry and Agriculture
(GUCCIA).
Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) and Oman Chamber of
Commerce were the coordinating agencies. Besides, nine other chambers from the Arab
States also participated.
SC bans liquor shops on national, state highways across India
December 16, 2016
The Supreme Court has ordered a ban on all liquor shops on national as well as state highways to
reduce drink driving and road accidents that claim thousands of lives every year across the country.
The three-judge SC bench headed by Chief Justice T S Thakur gave its order on a public interest
litigation (PIL) filed by an NGO called Arrive Safe.
The petitioner had mentioned that easy availability of liquor from stores on highways was a major
reason for drunk driving. This results into around 1.42 lakh death annually in road accidents, many
of which are caused by drunk driving.
Supreme Court order
All liquor shops on national as well as state highways to be completely banned.
Licenses of existing Liquor shops will not be renewed after March 31, 2017.
All ads indicating presence of liquor vends must be prohibited on national and state
highways.
Liquor Shops must be at least 500 metres away from the outer edge of the highways or
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service lanes.
This ban will also extend to stretches of such highways that fall within limits of municipal
corporations, city towns and local authorities.
Haryana becomes first state to launch Mahila Police Volunteer initiative
December 16, 2016
Haryana became the first state in the country to launch Mahila Police Volunteer (MPV) initiative for
safety of women. It was launched by Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar.
Mahila Police Volunteer is a joint initiative of Union Ministry of Women & Child Development and
the Union Ministry of Home Affairs.
Key Facts
MPV initiative is a voluntary service under which Mahila Police Volunteers (Gram Sakhi)
will be inducted. It aims to bridge gap between Police and Civil society for safety of women.
Under it, one MPV is envisaged per Gram Panchayat across the country to provide a link
between police and community and facilitate women in distress.
These MPVs will be selected through a laid out procedure from among the empowered,
responsible, socially aware women who will facilitate police outreach on gender concerns.
The volunteers will be trained by the respective state police authorities on their role and
responsibilities. They will be appointed by state government.
Rio de Janeiro accorded UNESCO world heritage status
December 16, 2016
The UN cultural body UNESCO has accorded world heritage status to Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro
(nicknamed as Marvelous City). It has been registered as Carioca Landscapes between Mountain
and Sea on the UNESCO world heritage list.
Rio de Janeiro has been accorded this status in recognition of its extraordinary fusion of man-made
and natural beauty, soaring granite cliffs, urban rainforest and beaches. It also had hosted 2014
football World Cup and 2016 Summer Olympics.
Background
The UNESCO status to Rio de Janeiro was announced in 2012. It became official after the Brazilian
authorities were given four years to report on their plans for protecting Sugarloaf Mountain,
Flamengo Park, Corcovado, Copacabana beach, Botanical Garden and Tijuca forest.
About UNESCO World Heritage Sites
The UNESCO World Heritage Sites are sites having special cultural or physical significance. The list
is maintained by international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World
Heritage Committee. The committee comprises of 21 UNESCO member states which are elected by
the General Assembly. Each World Heritage Site included in the list remains part of the legal
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territory of the state where it is located. But inclusion of sites in the list by UNESCO is in the interest
of the international community to preserve each site. Presently, Italy with 50 sites is home to the
greatest number of World Heritage Sites.
Brexit word added in Oxford English Dictionary
December 16, 2016
The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) has officially added word Brexit in it. It is among 1,500 new
words added to the OED.
The OED has defined word Brexit as the (proposed) withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the
European Union, and the political process associated with it.
Another popular new coinage is the word YouTubers was also added in OED. It has been defined as
frequent user of the video-sharing website YouTube, especially someone who produces and appears
in videos on the site.
Background
The word Brexit was used first after then Prime Minister David Cameron announced in 2013 that
UK will hold a referendum on its EU membership. But it entered common parlance as campaigning
Brexit intensified before citizen of Britain vote to leave EU in June 2016. The word Brexit has been
developed from Grexit which describs a similar process in which Greece might leave the Eurozone.
Grexit was added in OED, calling politics a fruitful area for new words.
IAF personnel cannot keep beard: SC
December 16, 2016
The Supreme Court ordered that Indian Airforce (IAF) personnel cannot keep beard. It held that
Central Governments decision to ban beards in the IAF does not infringe upon fundamental rights.
The court had pronounced the judgment on an appeal by Mohammed Zubair, who was recruited as
Airman in the IAF and was sacked for growing beard even after being denied permission.
What is the issue?
The appellant had claimed that keeping beard is his fundamental right to freedom of religion.
However, IAF had countered it saying that keeping a beard was not an essential practice of their faith
unlike in the Sikh religion.
What Supreme Court order says?
Upheld the decision of the IAF to dismiss a Muslim airman for growing beard citing religious
grounds.
The Armed Forces Regulation, 1964 allows growing hair or to retain a beard is where there
is a religious command which prohibits either the hair being cut or a beard being shaved.
Article 33 of the Constitution has the authority to impose restriction on the fundamental
rights of Armed Forces personnel.
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Defence Ministrys 2003 notification allows only those Muslim personnel who sported a
beard along with moustache at time of commissioning (prior to January 1, 2002) to retain it.
These regulations are meant for uniformity and discipline and have nothing to do with
religious rights.
Majuli set to become countrys first ever carbon neutral district
December 16, 2016
Assam government has launched Sustainable Action for Climate Resilient Development in
Majuli (SACReD, Majuli) to make river island Majuli countrys first ever Carbon Neutral district
by 2020.
The project has been initiated by Assams department of Environment and Forest to combat climate
change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It presents a vision and roadap for a carbon netural
Majuli.
Key Facts
SACReD, Majuli project is part of the French Development Agency assisted Assam Project on
Forest and Biodiversity Conservation (APFBC).
Under it, mitigation through forestry activities and biodiversity conservation will be the
starting points for carbon neutral agenda followed by other interventions over the next three
years.
The project will be designed and implemented in partnership with other departments of
island district for which a district level committee under chairmanship of Deputy
Commissioner has been constituted.
About Majuli
December 17, 2016
NTPC, NALCO ink MoU to establish a 2.4 GW power project at Gajmara, Odisha
December 17, 2016
State-owned power producer National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) and aluminium
producer National Aluminium Co. Ltd (NALCO) have signed MoU to establish a 2.4 giga watt (GW)
Coal based power project at Gajmara, Odisha.
The MoU will facilitate setting up of a Joint Venture (JV) Company between NTPC and NALCO. It
also seeks to set up one million tonne aluminium production facility in Odisha.
Key Facts
The proposed 2.4GW power plant at Gajmara will comprise three units of 800 megawatts
(MW) each. It will source coal from the mines operated by NALCO.
The power from plant will be provided to NAlCOs factory at Angul which is aluminium
smelter project (that converts raw material alumina into aluminium) and also Greenfield
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project at Kamakhyanagar in Dhenkanal district of Odisha.

This JV project will act as a catalyst for industrial growth in the region creating direct and
indirect employment for engineers, supervisors and skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled
workers.
It will strive to keep the cost of power generation to a minimum so as to benefit aluminium
production for automobile and aerospace industries to improve energy efficiency.
About National Thermal Power Corporation Limited
NTPC limited is a Central Public Sector Undertaking (CPSU), operational under the aegis of
Union Ministry of Power. It is engaged in the business of generation of electricity and allied
activities.
It is Indias largest power generator company and accounts for 25% of total electricity
generated in the country.
Established: 1975.
Union Government now holds 70% of its equity shares as of May 2015 (after divestment of its
stake in 2004, 2010, 2013, and 2015).
Devendra Fadnavis, AS Kiran Kumar and John Ralston Marr selected for SIES- National
Eminence Award
December 17, 2016
Maharashtra CM Devendra Fadnavis, ISRO chairman A S Kiran Kumar , UK-based scholar John
Ralston Marr and Hari Katha exponent Kamala Murthy have been selected for SIES-Sri
Chandrasekarendra Saraswati National Eminence Award. They will be presented awards in different
categories.
Key Facts
ISRO chairman A S Kiran Kumar will be presented award for Science & Technology category.
Mahrashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis will be presented award for Public Leadership.
Hari Katha exponent Kamala Murthy presented in with this award in Social Thinkers,
Philosophers and Pravachana Karthas category.
John Marr will be felicitated for his work in the International category. He is a scholar in
Sanskrit, Tamil and Telugu. He has been teaching Carnatic music theory for 30 years in
England.
About SIES-Sri Chandrasekarendra Saraswati National Eminence Award
The awards were instituted by South Indian Education Society (SIES) in 1998 in memory of
the late Seer of Kanchi Sri Chandrasekarendra Saraswati who passed away at the age of 100 in
1994.
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It is presented in four different categories viz. Science & Technology category, Public
Leadership, Social Thinkers, Philosophers and Pravachana Karthas category and the
International category.
Each award carries a cash prize of Rs 2.5 lakh, a citation, a shawl and an ornamental lamp.
Some of previous recipients are Shankar Dayal Sharma, A P J Abdul Kalam, R Chidambaram,
Jayant Narlikar, Anil Kakodkar, Somnath Chatterjee, M S Subbulakshmi, Verghese Kurien,
Dilip Kumar and Amitabh Bachchan.
Rajasthan Government launches Annapurna Rasoi Scheme
December 17, 2016
Rajasthan Government has launched Annapurna Rasoi Scheme to provide quality meal at cheap
price to poor and needy on lines with Tamil Nadu Governments Amma canteens.
It was launched by Chief Minister Vasundhara Raje at Jaipur Municipal Corporation campus. The
tagline for the scheme is: Sabke liye bhojan, sabke liye sammaan (Food for all, respect for all).
Key Facts
The food under this scheme will be provided at subsidized rates, breakfast at Rs 5 per plate
and lunch/dinner at Rs 8 per plate.
Local Self Government department of Rajasthan is the nodal agency for the scheme. The
meals will be cooked and served by staff trained in hospitality.
It will be distributed by 80 mobile vans at locations decided by local self-help agencies in
districts.
The main beneficiary of the scheme will be rickshaw pullers, labourers, auto drivers, students,
working women, elders and other weaker section.
In the first phase the scheme will be started in 12 districts. They are Jaipur, Udaipur, Jodhpur,
Ajmer, Bharatpur, Bikaner, Pratapgarh, Kota, Banswara, Dungarpur, Baran and Jhalawar.
The remaining 21 districts of state will be covered in second phase.
Indian Navys eight landing craft utility L-58 launched by GRSE
December 17, 2016
Indian Navys eight landing craft utility (LCU) L-58 was launched by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and
Engineers Ltd (GRSE) in Kolkata, West Bengal.
It is the last vessel in a series of eight ships of LCU MK-IV project designed and built by GRSE for
the Indian Navy. It was launched by Neelam Pratap Singh Rudy, wife of Union minister Rajiv Pratap
Rudy.
Key Facts
LCU L-58 is fully designed in-house by GRSE. It has displacement of 830 tonnes.
It can attain a maximum speed of 15 knots with an endurance of more than 1,500 nautical
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miles.
It can be deployed for multiple activities like operations for landing troops ashore, disaster
relief operations and humanitarian aid operations and evacuation of personnel from distant
islands.
It is capable of carrying two tanks or four special vehicles and 160 troops for landing at
remote beach heads.
It is armed with two CRN 91 naval guns, two heavy machine guns, four medium machine
guns and portable air defence system.
All 8 LCU vessels have almost 90% of their components indigenous. They are deployed for maritime
security of Lakshadweep Islands in Arabian Sea and Andaman and Nicobar Islands in Bay of Bengal.
Union Government issues Notification of Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Pet Shop) Rules,
2016
December 17, 2016
The Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has issued the draft
notification for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Pet Shop) Rules, 2016 to regulate pet shops
The objective of these proposed new rules is to make pet shops accountable and to prevent cruelty
inflicted on animals kept in such pet shops.
New Rules
Mandatory for all pet shop owners to register themselves with the State Animal Welfare
Board (AWB).
Pet shops will be registered only after inspection by the representatives of AWB, a veterinary
practitioner and a representative of Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
Pet shops must ensure that animals are kept in comfortable surroundings and as per define
space requirement for birds, cats, dogs, rabbits, guinea pig, hamster, rats and mice in the pet
shops.
Pet shops must have basic amenities, general care, veterinary care, power back-up and other
operational requirement for animals in it.
Mandatory for pet shops to maintain proper records of sale, purchase, death of animals and
sick animals etc. in the shop.
Pet shop owner must submit yearly report to State AWB regarding animals, sold, traded,
given away, boarded or exhibited during previous year or any other information asked for by
the State AWB.
Non-compliance of the proposed rules will lead to cancellation of registration of pet shop and
pet animals in the shop will be confiscated shall be handed over to a rescue centre recognised
by the Board or Animal Welfare Organisation.
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Background
MoEFCC has the mandate to implement the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (PCA) Act, 1960, to
prevent infliction of unnecessary pain or suffering on animals. The provisions of the PCA Act are
general in nature, and rules dealing with specific situations have to be notified by MoEFCC from
time to time.
Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana comes into effect
December 17, 2016
The Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY) notified along with other provisions of
Taxation Laws (Second Amendment) Act, 2016 came into effect from 17 December 2016. It will
remain open until March 31, 2017.
PMGKY is Union Governments second income disclosure scheme (IDS) to allow tax evaders to
come clean with unaccounted wealth. It provides for 50 per cent tax and surcharge on declarations of
unaccounted cash deposited in banks.
Salient features of Scheme
Declaration under it can be made by any person in respect of undisclosed income in the form
of cash or deposits in an account with bank or post office or specified entity.
Declarant of undisclosed income needs to pay 30% tax, 10% penalty and 33% Pradhan
Mantri Garib Kalyan
Cess on the tax, all of which add up to around 50%.

Besides, declarant must make mandatory deposit of 25% of undisclosed income in the zero-
interest Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Deposit Scheme, 2016 with lock-in period of 4
years.
The income declared under it will not be included in the total income of the declarant under
the Income-tax (IT) Act for any assessment year.
Besides, declarations made under it will be kept confidential and shall not be admissible as
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evidence under any Act (ex. Wealth-tax Act, Central Excise Act, Companies Act etc.).
However, declarant will have no immunity under Criminal Acts mentioned in section 199-O
of the Scheme.
Non declaration of undisclosed cash or deposit in accounts under this Scheme will render tax,
surcharge and cess totalling to 77.25% of such income, if declared in the return of income.
In case the same is not shown in the return of income a further penalty @10% of tax shall also
be levied followed by prosecution.
Comment
The money or revenue generated from disclosure of unaccounted cash will be used for welfare
schemes for the poor. It will be mainly used for projects in irrigation, infrastructure, primary
education, primary health, housing, toilets and livelihood so that there is justice and equality.
Asia Pacific nations adopt New Delhi Declaration for Urban Plus approach
December 17, 2016
(APMCHUD) held in New Delhi has adopted New Delhi declaration to adopt Urban Plus
approach.
This was the first such meeting held to discuss ways of realising the New Urban Agenda that was
finalised during the UN Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (also known as
Habitat III conference) held in Quito, Ecuador in October 2016. Its theme of conference was
Emerging Urban Forms-Policy Reforms and Governance Structures in the Context of New Urban Agenda. It
was attained by representatives of Asia Pacific countries that account for over 55% of global urban
population. It adopted Implementation Plan and New Delhi Declaration. The next biennial
APMCHUD Conference will be hosted by Iran in 2018.
New Delhi Declaration
Strongly advocated planning for urban and adjoining rural areas in an integrated manner
instead of looking at them as independent entities.
Called for thorough review of existing policies and formulation of new policies to promote
New Urban Agenda adopted at UN Habitat III Conference in Quito, Eucador in October
2016.
It stressed on the need for effective governance structures in urban areas noting that
governance as the key to sustainable development.
Implementation Plan Recommends
Formulation of National Human Settlement Policies to promote inclusive, safe, resilient and
sustainable city and human settlements.
Land regulation policy mechanisms such as land pooling to ensure inclusive and participatory
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planning, integration of land use and transportation planning across defined boundaries of
cities.
Enforcement and incentivasation of timely execution of infrastructure projects, formulation
of comprehensive urban parking policies and community participation in urban planning.
Adopt urban resilience as criteria for investment to withstand and absorb disasters and shocks
and maintain normal services and quickly return to normalcy.
For background: 2016 APMCHUD
RBI opposes proposal to set up separate payments regulator
December 17, 2016
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has opposed a move to establish a separate entity to regulate
payments and settlements as recommended by Ratan Watal Committee for Digital Payments.
The 11-member committee was notified in September 2016 by the Union Finance Ministry to
review existing payment systems in country and recommend appropriate measures for encouraging
Digital Payments.
What is the issue?
One of the committees terms of reference was to study and recommend changes in the regulatory
mechanism under various acts such as the RBI Act, Payments and Settlement Act, and the
Information Technology Act among others. Based on it, the committee had recommended making
regulation of retail payments independent from the function of RBI to give digital payments boost. It
had called for establishing separate Payments Regulatory Board (PRB) as an independent body for
retail payments and suggested that RBIs regulation must be kept only for SIPS (systemically
important payment system).
What RBI says?
According to the global practice both the SIPS and retail payment systems are under the central bank
for a variety of reasons including issues of inter-connectivity between the systems and the role of the
central bank as the lender of last resort (LOLR). RBI has mooted a monetary-policy-committee-style
structure for the PRB, where outcomes are decided independently, but implementation remains with
the banking regulator.
December 18, 2016
Air Marshal BS Dhanoa appointed Air Chief of IAF
December 18, 2016
The Union Government has appointed Air Marshal Birender Singh Dhanoa as the next Chief of the
Air Staff of the Indian Air Force (IAF). He succeeds Arup Raha who retires on December 31, 2016.
Prior to this appointment he was Vice-Chief of IAF. He is the third person from Sikh community to
head the IAF after Arjan Singh and Dilbag Singh.
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About Air Marshal B.S. Dhanoa

He is an alumnus of Rashtriya Indian Military College (RIMC) and National Defence
Academy (NDA). He was commissioned into the IAF in June 1978 as a fighter pilot.
Before being appointed as Vice Chief he was the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief of the
South Western Air Command.
Earlier, he had served as Chief Instructor (Air) at the Defence Services Staff College,
Wellington in Tamil Nadu, Assistant Chief of the Air Staff (Intelligence) at Air Headquarters
and Senior Air Staff Officer of two operational Commands.
He had commanded a fighter squadron and had flown numerous night-strike missions during
the Kargil operations in the mountainous terrain.
He is recipient of Presidential awards Ati Vishisht Seva Medal, Yudh Seva Medal and
Vayusena Medal for his distinguished services.
Rajiv Jain appointed as new chief of Intelligence Bureau
December 18, 2016
The Union government has appointed senior IPS officer Rajiv Jain as the new chief of Intelligence
Bureau (IB). He succeeds Dineshwar Sharma and shall have two years term.
He is IPS officer of the 1980-batch of Jharkhand-cadre. He had joined the IB in 1989 as assistant
director. Since then he has worked in different capacities including the sensitive Kashmir desk. He
had handled various assignments as chief of Subsidiary Intelligence Bureau (SIB), name given to IB
units in state capitals.
He had headed the Ahmedabad SIB (from 2005 to 2008) and later in Delhi SIB (from 2008 to 2012)
which is considered politically sensitive. He was advisor to previous NDA governments interlocutor
on Kashmir K C Pant when talks were held with separatist leaders. He is recipient of Presidents
Police Medal.
About Intelligence Bureau (IB)
IB is Indias internal intelligence agency.
It was recasted as the Central Intelligence Bureau in 1947 under the Ministry of Home
Affairs.
Established: 1887 by British India Government.
Motto: (English : Always Alert).
China opens first fully-owned satellite ground station near North Pole
December 18, 2016
China has launched its first fully-owned overseas satellite ground station near the North Pole
enabling it to collect satellite data anywhere on the Earth at fastest speed in the world.
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It is formally known as China Remote Sensing Satellite North Pole Ground Station. It is located
about 200 kms north of the Arctic Circle in Sweden.
Key Facts
The Artic ground station is built and run by Chinese Academy of Sciences. It will allow China
to collect satellite data anywhere on Earth at speeds that were more than twice as fast as
before.
It will use best and most sensitive signal receiving devices ever built by China. It includes one
with higher bandwidth, covering frequencies from 26.5 to 40 GHz. It has download speed of
6 Gigabits (billions of bits) per second, fastest in the world.
It will also play an important role in Chinas Gaofen project, a network of observation
satellites orbiting Earth to provide global surveillance capabilities which is due to be
completed in 2020.
Advantages of this facility
This facility in Sweden can download data from satellites orbiting Earth in less than 3.5
hours, compared to domestic ground stations located in other part of world which require 7
hours.
The shorter time is because satellites orbiting North Pole are able to pass about 12 times each
day around Earth while those satellites flying over China can orbit Earth only about 5 times
each day.
Why this facility is important for China?
Previously, China had built ground satellite facilities in numerous foreign countries, mostly in Africa
and South America, which all were joint ventures. But the fully owned overseas ground station in
Sweden (in North Pole) will give China much greater freedom and security to operate its space
projects, some of have military purposes.
Lt Gen Bipin Rawat appointed Chief of Indian Army Chief
December 18, 2016
The Union Government has appointed Lt. Gen. Bipin Rawat as new Chief of Army Staff (CoAS). He
succeeds Army Chief General Dalbir Singh who retires on December 31, 2016.
His appointment goes against the long-held tradition of appointing the senior-most eligible officer to
the topmost post. With this criterion, he has superseded two seniormost commanders Eastern Army
Commander Lt Gen Praveen Bakshi and Southern Army Commander Lt Gen PM Hariz.
About Lt. Gen. Bipin Rawat
Prior to this appointment, he was the Vice Chief of the Army. He is from the 5/11 Gorkha
Rifles. Prior to taking
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over as the Vice Chief, he was the Southern Army Commander.

He hails from Uttarakhand and had received the sword of honour when he passed out from
the Indian Military Academy in 1978.
He has vast experience in high-altitude warfare and counter-insurgency operations. He has
handled various operational responsibilities in many areas, including along the LoC with
Pakistan, LAC with China and North-East.
He also had commanded an Infantry battalion at Kibithoo along the Line of Actual Control
(LAC) in the eastern-most corner of Arunachal Pradesh and also the Dimapur-based 3
Corps.
Note
The last time the senior-most eligible army officer was not appointed was in 1983 when then Prime
Minister Indira Gandhi chose to appoint Lt. Gen. A.S. Vaidya as the Chief, contrary to appointment
of his senior Lt. Gen. S.K. Sinha. In protest, his senior Lt Gen SK Sinha had resigned.
Anil Dhasmana appointed as new chief of Research and Analysis Wing
December 18, 2016
The Union Government has appointed senior IPS officer Anil Dhasmana as new chief of Research
and Analysis Wing (RAW), Indias external intelligence agency.
He succeeds Rajinder Khanna who completes his two year tenure on 31 December 2016. He will
have tenure of 2 years.
About Anil Dhasmana
He is a 1981-batch IPS officer of the Madhya Pradesh cadre. Prior to this appointment he was
Special Secretary in the agency.
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He has been with RAW for the last 23 years during which he has served on important desks
including Pakistan. He had also served in key foreign capitals such as London and Frankfurt.
His domain of expertise is considered to be Balochistan, counter-terrorism and Islamic affairs.
He also has experience in handling Pakistan, Afghanistan, Europe and SAARC desks.
About Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)
RAW is the primary foreign intelligence agency of India. It was established in 1968 following
the intelligence failures of the Sino-Indian and Indo-Pakistani wars.
It is under the direct command of Prime Minister and reports on an administrative basis to
the Cabinet Secretary of India, who reports to the Prime Minister.
Its primary function is gathering foreign intelligence, engaging in counter-terrorism, advising
Indian policymakers, promoting counter-proliferation and advancing Indias foreign strategic
interests.
Motto: : (English: The law protects when it is protected.)
India, Tajikistan ink four agreements
December 18, 2016
India and Tajikistan have signed four agreements in areas including on double taxation avoidance,
money laundering and counter-terrorism.
These agreements were signed following delegation level talks between Prime Minister Narendra
Modi and visiting President of Tajikistan Emomali Rahmon in New Delhi.
Signed agreements are
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Broadcasting in Exchange of Audio Visual
Programs
MoU for cooperation in the exchange of financial intelligence related to money laundering,
related crimes and financing of terrorism.
Protocol amending the Agreement for the avoidance of double taxation and prevention of
fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income.
Announcement of initiation of Bilateral investment treaty between both countries.
Other highlights of bilateral delegation level talks
Terrorism: Both countries agreed to deepen their engagement to deal with the threat of
terrorism and radicalism in the neighbourhood especially in Afghanistan. Called to end
sponsorship, support and provision of safe havens and sanctuaries to terrorists.
CCIT: Both countries affirmed to resolve to work for early adoption of the Comprehensive
Convention on International Terrorism by the UN General Assembly.
Security and Afghanistan: They called for an Afghan-led and Afghan-owned peace process
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and national reconciliation for Afghan peace and prosperity.

Agreed to intensify defence and counter-terror cooperation to stabilise Afghanistan
UNSC: Tajikistan support Indias bid for permanent membership of the United Nations
Security Council.
Energy business: Tajikistan invited India to invest in four free economic zones that have
come up in the country and thanked it for the modernisation of the Varzob-1 Hydropower
Station. It also sought investment in the upcoming small and medium hydroelectricity
projects.
Connectivity: Need for exploring the possibility of increasing flight operations between the
two countries. Appreciated signing of the trilateral Chahbahar port agreement between India,
Iran and Afghanistan as the project will provide connectivity to Tajikistan.
People to people contact: Agreed to explore ways for easier business, medical and tourist
and other visas to promote people to people exchanges.
NASA successfully launches 8 mini-satellites for hurricane forecasting
December 18, 2016
The NASA has successfully launched constellation of eight mini-satellites as part Cyclone Global
Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) into space to improve hurricane forecasting.
These satellites were air launched by aerospace company Orbital ATK onboard of Pegasus rocket
fired from plane at height of 12km. NASA had opted for air launch rather than traditional rocket
liftoff from the ground, to cut costs.
Key Facts
Each of the micro-satellite of CYGNSS weighs just 64 pounds (32kg) and has 5-foot
wingspan. They will be placed into the orbit 500km above earths surface.
They have GPS navigation receivers to frequently measure the surface roughness of oceans. It
will allow scientists to calculate wind speed and storm intensity.
Unlike weather satellites already in orbit, these satellites can peer through rain swirling in a
hurricane, all the way into the core or eye.
Jammu and Kashmir has no sovereignty: SC
December 18, 2016
The Supreme Court in a landmark verdict held that Jammu and Kashmir is an integral part of India
and did not enjoy sovereign status, either under its constitution or that of India.
The apex court made this observation while hearing on appeal filed by State Bank of India (SBI) and
other banks over the issue of recovery of loans under Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial
Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (SARFAESI) Act, 2002. It affirmed that J&Ks
constitution was subordinate to the Indian Constitution and its permanent residents were Indian
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citizens.
What is the issue?
The SBI and other banks had appealed against Jammu and Kashmir High Court verdict given in July
2015. The J&K HC had held that the SARFAESI Act, 2002 enacted by the Parliament was not valid in
respect of the permanent residents of the state as it collides with the Transfer of Property Act of
Jammu & Kashmir, 1920. It had held that law made by Parliament which affects the laws made by a
State legislature cannot be extended to J&K. In its judgment, the HC had repeatedly referred to the
sovereignty of the state and held that Section 5 of the Constitution of J&K gives absolute sovereign
power to state to legislate in respect of laws touching the rights of its permanent residents qua their
immovable properties.
Supreme Court Verdict set aside HC verdict and held that
Section 3 of the constitution of J&K, states that the state of J&K is and shall be an integral part
of the Union of India. This provision is beyond the pale of amendment.
Thus, it is clear that J&K has no vestige of sovereignty outside the Constitution of India and
its own constitution, which is subordinate to the Constitution of India.
Preamble to the J&Ks constitution also does not talk about sovereignty of citizens of the
state. Thus, J&K HC has gone out of its way to refer to a sovereignty which does not exist.
Permanent residents of J&K are citizens of India and there is no dual citizenship as is
contemplated by some other federal Constitutions in other parts of the world.
Therefore, it is wholly incorrect to describe it as being sovereign in the sense of its residents
constituting a separate and distinct class in themselves.
The provisions of the SARFAESI Act, 2002, are within the legislative competence of
Parliament and can be enforced in J&K.
Note: SARFAESI Acts provision entitles banks to auction properties to recover loans.
December 19, 2016
towers
December 19, 2016
The Department of Telecom (DoT) will soon launch Tarang Sanchar portal that will let users check
radiation compliance status of mobile towers and transmitters across country.
Using this portal user can also request to get a particular BTS tested by DoT to assess its electro-
magnetic frequency (EMF) compliance level.
Key Facts
The portal has data from 12.5 lakh base transceiver stations (BTS). It will enable users to view
tower-specific details such as the operator, the supporting technology (2G/3G/4G).
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It will also help user to check with mobile tower meets electro-magnetic frequency (EMF) by
putting in a specific request to DoT.
DoT will test mobile towers for free if the prescribed ceiling in a particular service area for
testing of BTS has already been reached.
It may also charge user fee of Rs. 5000 to get the radiation level checked of mobile towers in
case the tests are not undertaken earlier.
Union Power Ministry to launch GARV-II Mobile App to monitor rural electrification
programme
December 19, 2016
The Union Power Ministry is going to launch new mobile application GARV-II to provide real time
data of all six lakh villages of the country.
The purpose of the mobile application is to ensure transparency in implementation of rural
electrification programme.
Key Facts
GARV-II mobile app has incorporated village-wise; habitation-wise base line data on
household electrification for all states.
It also has mapped village-wise works sanctioned under Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti
Yojana (DDUGJY) to monitor progress of works in each village.
It also incorporates the status of release of funds to the states for electrification projects
sanctioned under DDUGJY.
GARV-II allows peoples participation for rural electrification work. It opens rural
electrification work to public scrutiny and input about rural electrification programme
It also has a citizen engagement window SAMVAD to enhance participation. It
automatically forwards feedback and suggestions of people to the concerned authorities
through SMS & Email.
It aims to ensure electricity access to all households as government has already electrified over
11,000 villages out of 18,452 un-electrified villages.
Comment
The earlier version of GARV mobile application was only providing data about rural electrification
regarding 18,452 un-electrified villages. The GARV-II will provide real time data of all six lakh
villages of the country in real time.
Worlds first Goat with superfine wool cloned in China
December 19, 2016
The worlds first cloned goat bearing superfine Cashmere wool was born in north Chinas Inner
Mongolia Autonomous Region.
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The goat will be raised in a base for animal husbandry research conducted by experts from
agricultural universities in southwest Chinas Yunnan Province and Inner Mongolia.
Cashmere wool is obtained from Cashmere goats and few other types of goat. The wool fibre
obtained from clonned goat is less than 13.8 micrometres thick. It is much finer than the average of
15.8 micrometres of the famous Erlang Mountain goats in Inner Mongolia.
Cloning: It is scientific process of creating genetically identical copies of biological matter. It may
include genetically identical copies of genes, cells, tissues or entire organisms.
AYUSH Ministry launches Swasthya Raksha Programme
December 19, 2016
The Union AYUSH Ministry has launched Swasthya Raksha Programme to promote health and
health education in villages.
The programme was initiated through Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences
(CCRAS), Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy (CCRH), Central Council for Research in
Unani Medicine (CCRUM) and Central Council for Research in Siddha (CCRS). It was launched by
AYUSH Ministry in October 2015.
Aims and objectives of Swasthya Raksha Programme
Organize Swasthya Parikshan Camps, Swasthya Rakshan OPDs and Health and Hygiene
awareness programme
Create awareness about cleanliness of domestic surroundings and environment.
Provide medical aid and incidental support in the adopted villages and colonies.
Document demographic information, hygiene conditions, food habits, seasons, lifestyle etc.,
incidence and prevalence of disease and their relation to the incidence of disease.
Assess health status and propagation of Ayurvedic concept of pathya-apathya and extension
of health care services.
Union Government forms high-level task force on Indus Water Treaty
December 19, 2016
The Union government has formed a high-level inter-ministerial task force to look into all the
strategic aspects of Indus Water Treaty (IWT) with Pakistan.
Mandate of Task force is to take all important strategic and policy decisions. Thus, it will be an all-
powerful body which will take decisions regarding the treaty.
It will be headed by Prime Ministers Principal Secretary Nripendra Mishra. Besides, other members
of it include NSA Ajit Doval, foreign secretary S Jaishankar and secretaries in ministries of finance,
power, water resource and environment. Besides, chief secretaries of Punjab and Jammu and
Kashmir are invitees in the task force.
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Background
The high-level inter-ministerial task force has been formed after Prime Minister Narendra Modi had
held a review meeting on the 56-year-old Indus Water Treaty (IWT) with Pakistan in the aftermath
of series of cross-border terror strikes including Uri attack. In that meeting, it was also decided that
India will exploit to the maximum water of Pakistan-controlled Rivers including Jhelum.
For more details: Indus Water Treaty (IWT)
Government to set up single tribunal to arbitrate inter-State water disputes
December 19, 2016
The Union Government has decided to set up a single permanent Tribunal to adjudicate all inter-
State river water disputes.
This single body will subsume all existing tribunals for resolving grievances of inter-State water
disputes in a speedy manner. It will be headed by a retired Supreme Court judge.
The Tribunal will also have more teeth as whenever it gives order, the verdict gets notified
automatically. Until now, the Union Government was required to notify the awards, causing delay in
its implementation.
Newly proposed mechanisms
Benches for adjudicating inter-State river water disputes
Besides the tribunal, the Union Government has also proposed to float some Benches by
amending the Inter-State Water Disputes Act, 1956 to look into disputes as and when
required.
Unlike the tribunal, these benches will cease to exist once the disputes are resolved.
Earlier water tribunals took decades to deliver final awards into disputes, whereas the
proposed Tribunal is expected to deliver its verdict during a span of three years.
Dispute Resolution Committee (DRC)
Along with the tribunal, the amendment also has been proposed to set up Dispute Resolution
Committee (DRC).
The DRC will be comprising experts and policy-makers. It is proposed to handle disputes
prior to the tribunal.
The Union Government will set up a DRC whenever a state will request. Most of the
disputes will be resolved at the DRCs level itself. But if a State is not satisfied, it can approach
the tribunal.
About Interstate River Water Disputes Act
Inter-state River Water Disputes Act, 1956 (IRWD Act) was enacted by the parliament of India
under Article 262 of Constitution. Its purpose is to resolve the water disputes that would arise in the
use, control and distribution of an interstate river or river valley.
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December 20, 2016

African nations developing lifestyle diseases: WHO
December 20, 2016
According to recent World Health Organization (WHO) survey of 33 countries has shown that
African nations developing lifestyle diseases.
It is mainly due city life and its modern trappings which have brought bad habits to developing
African nations such as smoking, harmful use of alcohol, a poor diet and low levels of physical
activity.
What are lifestyle diseases?
Lifestyle diseases are defined as diseases linked unhealthy lifestyle of people. These diseases appear in
countries which are on path of becoming more industrialized and people live longer life. These
diseased are commonly caused by alcohol, drug and smoking abuse as well as lack of physical activity
and unhealthy eating. Some of the diseases that impact lifestyle are heart disease, stroke, obesity and
type II diabetes.
Key highlights of the study
Developing African nations will see more die of chronic lifestyle diseases such as heart
disease, cancer and diabetes than infectious diseases by 2030.
There is rise in non-communicable diseases to changes in developing societies. It is estimated
that 46% of Africans suffer high blood pressure, the highest worldwide.
Due to legislation and policy weaknesses daily tobacco use ranges from 5 to 26% in Africa and
is growing. Cigarettes are often a fraction of the price in Africa than in Europe.
Most people in Africa were not eating enough vegetables and fruits. The rise of junk food and
unhealthy diets has led to under nutrition and obesity.
Averages of 35% of people were overweight and that the average time spent in moderate or
high intensity physical activity is less. Women were more likely to be inactive and
overweight.
Governments in African countries should raise domestic financing mechanisms so they can
accommodate this growing burden. Besides there is urgent need for reorganisation or
reorientation of whole health system in Africa.
Union Government revises North East Industrial and Investment Promotion Policy
December 20, 2016
The Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion (DIPP) has revised North East Industrial and
Investment Promotion Policy (NEIIP), 2007.
The revision of policy stipulates mandatory disbursal of subsidies payable to all industrial units in
northeast through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) mechanism by Chief Controller of Accounts
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(Industry).
Key Facts
Industrial units which had commenced production on or after December 1, 2014 and on or
before March 31, 2017 will be eligible for incentives as per the revised norms of subsidy.
It will also include existing units which go in for substantial expansion and commence
commercial production on or before March 2017.
For this purpose, the industrial units need to get themselves registered on the e-payment
portal by providing required bank details.
The subsidy for the existing and new industrial units going for substantial expansion will be
limited Rs 3 crore per industrial unit operating in services sector and Rs 5 crore per industrial
unit operating in manufacturing sector.
The limit for automatic approval of subsidy at the rate of 30% of the investment in plant and
machinery will continue to be upto Rs 1.5 crore per unit.
In case for grant of capital investment subsidy higher than Rs 1.5 crore and upto a maximum
of Rs 5 crore will be approved by empowered committee chaired by Secretary, DIPP.
Madras High Court bans unauthorised Sharia courts in Tamil Nadu
December 20, 2016
The Madras High Court has banned all unauthorised Sharia courts in mosques across Tamil Nadu,
saying centres of worship were only to be used for religious purposes.
The courts pronouncement came in response to a PIL filed by a non-resident Indian mentioning
that such sharia courts are operating as a court of law from mosques and dealt largely with
matrimonial disputes, even going to the extent of passing divorce orders.
Madras High Court Judgement
Complete ban on all unauthorised Sharia courts functioning in premises of mosques.
Religious places and other places of worships are meant only for religious purposes.
Tamil Nadu State government to ensure that such unauthorised courts do not function.
Background
Earlier in 2014, Supreme Court had refused to ban Sharia courts saying the interpretations made by
Islamic judges and are not legally binding. It even held that these courts could pass verdicts only
when individuals submit to them voluntarily.
Scientists discover 163 new species in ecologically diverse Greater Mekong region
December 20, 2016
Scientists have discovered as many as 163 new species in the ecologically diverse Greater Mekong
region of the Southeast Asia. It includes 3 mammals species, 9 amphibians, 11 fish, 14 reptiles and
143 plants.
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These species were discovered in Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Myanmar and Thailand. It was
revealed by World Wildlife Fund (WWF) report.
Key Facts
The new species include lizard with dragon-like horns Acanthosaura phuketensis. It was
discovered at the Thai tourist island of Phuket.
New frog species Leptolalax isos which can fit on a fingertip was discovered in Cambodia and
Vietnam.
It also includes eye-catching Parafimbrios lao, a snake with rainbow-like scale colours around
its head. It was found in the limestone karsts region of northern Laos.
A new newt species Tylototriton anguliceps with dazzling red and black markings was also
discovered.
About Greater Mekong region
The Greater Mekong region is one of the most diverse regions and biodiversity hotspot on
the planet. It is a magnet for the worlds conservation because of the incredible diversity of
species.
It includes southwestern China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Myanmar. Mekong
river helps this diverse region to sustain.
The region has a diverse geographic landscape including massifs, plateaus, and limestone
karsts, lowlands, deltas, fertile floodplains, forests and grasslands.
It is habitats for an estimated 20,000 plant species, 1,300 fish species, 1,200 bird species, 800
reptile and amphibian species and 430 mammal species.
However, it is under intense pressure from dam and road building as well as a thriving illegal
wildlife trade and climate change.
PM lays foundation stone of countrys first Indian Institute of Skills in Kanpur
December 20, 2016
Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid foundation stone of the countrys first Indian Institute of Skills
(IIS) in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh to make India the Skill Capital of the World.
He also inaugurated the Kaushal Pradarshini (Skill Exhibition) for the youth of Uttar Pradesh to
portray major skill development initiatives of the Union Skill Development and Entrepreneurship
Ministry.
About Indian Institute of Skills (IIS)
The IIS is being opened by the Union Skill Development Ministry in partnership with the
Institute of Technical Education, Singapore.
The idea of IIS was conceptualised by PM Modi during his visit to Singapores Institute of
Technical Education.
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Its primary objective is to empower Indias youth to be more employable and self-sustainable.
The Union Skill Development Ministry is also set up six such institutes across country in
coming years.
Kaushal Pradarshini is a skill exhibition for the youth of Uttar Pradesh to showcases state-of-the-
art vocational training practices across different sectors.
Huge dead zone discovered in Bay of Bengal
December 20, 2016
Scientists including those from India have found a huge dead zone of an estimated 60,000 square
kilometres in Bay of Bengal.
This area is said to supports microbial processes that remove vast amount of nitrogen from the
ocean. The study published in Nature Geosciences.
What is Dead zone?
Dead Zone is an area in water body that contains little or no oxygen (or they are hypoxic) in bottom
and near-bottom water. Mostly they occur naturally but it can be caused by excessive nutrient
pollution from human activities coupled with other factors. They are well-known off western coasts
of North and South America, off coast of Namibia and off west coast of India in Arabian Sea. In
recent times, warming of the atmosphere through climate change is predicted to lead expansion of
dead zones in the ocean.
Key Findings
Researchers, including those from CSIRs National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) in Goa,
demonstrated that some oxygen does exists in the Bay of Bengal waters.
But the concentration of oxygen is much less than standard techniques could detect and some
10,000 times less than that found in the air-saturated surface waters.
The researchers also discovered that the Bay of Bengal hosts microbial communities that can
remove nitrogen but at really slow rates.
Removing more nitrogen from the oceans could affect the marine nitrogen balance and rates
of marine productivity.
Renowned Tamil poet Thiruvalluvars statue unveiled in Haridwar
December 20, 2016
The 12-foot-tall stone statue of renowned Tamil poet and philosopher-saint Thiruvalluvar was
inaugurated at Mela Bhawan in Haridwar, Uttarakhand by Chief minister Harish Rawat.
The process introducing Thiruvalluvar statue in Uttarakhand was initiated by former Bharatiya
Janata Party (BJP) MP from Uttarakhand Tarun Vijay.
Initially the statue was planned for installation on the banks of Ganga River at Har ki Pauri in
Haridwar in June 2016 but it was delayed after it faced opposition from priests and saints.
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About Thiruvalluvar
Thiruvalluvar is renowned Tamil poet and philosopher-saint believed to have lived between
3rd Century BC and 1st Century BC.
This estimate is based on linguistic analysis of his writings, as there is no historical evidence
for when and where he lived
It is believed that he was born either in ThirunainarKuruchi, a village in Kanyakumari
District of Tamil Nadu or in Thiru Mylai (Mylapore) Chennai in Tamil Nadu.
He is the author of the book Tirukkural (also known as the Kural), a work on ethics. It is
one of the most revered ancient literally work in Tamil Language.
Tirukkural is a classic Tamil sangam literature consisting of 1330 couplets or Kurals. The
book is also called as the fifth Veda or Bible of the Tamil Land.
The Tamil poet Mamulanar of Sangam period has mentioned that Thiruvalluvar was the
greatest Tamil scholar.
Other Statues of Thiruvalluvar
His 133 foot tall statute at Kanyakumari (Tamil Nadu), at southern tip of Indian Peninsula.
There is also his statue outside the School of Oriental and African studies in Russell Square,
London (United Kingdom).
India and Kyrgyzstan sign 6 agreements in various fields
December 20, 2016
India and Kyrgyzstan have signed six Memoranda of Understanding (MoU)/ Agreements including
in the fields of tourism, agriculture and food industry etc.
These agreements were signed after delegation level talks between Prime Minister Narendra Modi
and visiting President of Kyrgyzstan Almazbek Sharshenovich Atambayev in New Delhi. Besides,
both leaders also issued joint statement.
Signed Agreements are
MoU on cooperation in the field of Tourism
MoU in the field of cooperation in youth exchange.
MoU on cooperation in the field of Youth development
MoU on exchange of information on training programmes of diplomats.
Agreement on cooperation in the field of Agriculture and Food Industry.
MoU on cooperation in the field of Broadcasting and exchange of audiovisual programmes.
Besides, both countries initiated talks to conclude a Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) in order to
augment investments flowing between the two countries as it will protect the interest of investors.
India considers Kyrgyzstan as a valuable partner in common pursuit of making Central Asia a region
of sustainable peace, stability and prosperity.
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Highlights of Joint statement issued

Both countries have agreed on the need to coordinate and work closely in addressing and
overcoming these challenges for the common benefit. They also reviewed cooperative engagement
in the field of defence and sought to expand joint military exercises including the Khanjar series of
military exercises which has become an annual event. They also decided to build on the development
cooperation including in capacity building and training. On economic ties both sides agreed to
encourage engagement in healthcare, tourism, IT, agriculture, mining and energy.
December 21, 2016
India ranks 4th in 2016 Global Wind Power Installed Capacity Index
December 21, 2016
India ranked 4th in the Global Wind Power Installed Capacity index with cumulative installed wind
power generation capacity of 25,088 MW in 2015.
The index was released was released as part Global Wind Report: Annual Market, flagship
publication of the Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC).
Key facts
The index was topped by China, followed by US and Germany with cumulative installed
wind power
generation capacity of 145362 MW, 74471 MW and 44947 MW respectively.

Both Europe and the US markets performed better than expected and the European offshore
sector set a new record, installing just over 3 GW. Canada, Mexico and Brazil all had strong
years.
South Africa was the first market in Africa to pass the 1,000 MW in 2015 and alongside
Egypt, Morocco, Ethiopia and Kenya were also leading development in that market.
Brazil continues to lead in Latin America, followed by Chile and Uruguay and a potentially
very large market is just now opening up in Argentina.
India has achieved the largest-ever wind power capacity addition of 3,423 MW in 2015-16,
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exceeding the target by 44%.
Researchers develop first Chikungunya Vaccine

December 21, 2016
Researchers from United States have developed the first vaccine for Chikungunya fever made from
an insect-specific Eilat virus.
The newly-developed vaccine does not have any effect on people, which makes it safe and effective
for humans. Its clinical trials on mice and non-human primates show that it quickly produces a
strong immune defence and completely protects them from disease when exposed to the
chikungunya virus.
Key Facts
Researchers had used live-attenuated Eilat virus clone to design this hybrid virus-based
vaccine containing Chikungunya structural proteins.
The Eilat/Chikungunya vaccine was found to be structurally identical to natural chikungunya
virus. Its single dose can produce neutralising antibodies that lasted for more than 290 days.
The antibodies provided complete protection against chikungunya in two different mouse
models. In non-human primates, the vaccine elicited rapid and robust immunity.
The vaccines trials also showed that there was neither evidence of virus in the blood nor signs
of illness such as fever after chikungunya virus infection in primates.
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About Chikungunya
Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne virus that causes a disease. It is transmitted by Aedes aegypti and
Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Its symptoms are characterised by abrupt fever and severe joint pain,
often in hands and feet, and may include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling or rash. There is no
specific antiviral drug treatment for chikungunya. There is no commercial chikungunya vaccine.
Chikungunya treatment is directed primarily at relieving the symptoms, including the joint pain
using anti-pyretics, optimal analgesics and fluids.
Molten Jet Stream discovered deep inside Earths core
December 21, 2016
Scientists for the first time have discovered the so-called molten jet stream within the Earths molten
iron core using latest data obtained from three European satellites called Swarm.
The three satellites were launched in 2013 with the goal of studying Earths magnetic field. The
latest satellite data that helps create an sharpest x-ray view of the planet.
Key Facts
The molten jet stream is an accelerating band of molten iron circling the North Pole. It just
like the jet stream in the atmosphere
It moves about 40 km per year, currently in a westward direction. This speed is three times
faster than normal outer-core speeds and hundreds of thousands of times faster than rate at
which Earths tectonic plates move.
It is located along a boundary between two different regions in the core. This movement is
caused when liquid in core flows toward the boundary from both sides and then is squeezed
out sideways.
Significance: The satellite data has helped clarify Earths inner workings and magnetic field.
It showed that changes in the magnetic field are actually being caused by the molten jet
stream.
The discovery can also add light in changing magnetic field of earth and may relate it with
switch in direction of the jet stream.
India surpasses Britain to become worlds sixth-largest economy: Forbes magazine
December 21, 2016
According to report published in Forbes magazine, India has surpassed its colonial masters United
Kingdom to become worlds sixth-largest economy in GDP terms for first time after nearly 150
years.
Following the change in the rankings, Indias economy now stands behind the United States,
China, Japan, Germany and France.
Key Facts
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India has managed to overtake UK owing to Britains recent Brexit-related problems and its
rapid economic growth followed by downslide in the value of the pound.
UKs economy is expected to grow by 1.8% in 2016 and slow down to 1.1% in 2017. Its
economy and currency are struggling since it voted to leave lucrative common market of
European Union.
Whereas, Indias economy maintained its growth around 7% primarily due to price slump in
global commodities, good rainfall, lower-than-expected inflation, reforms undertaken by
Government to spur growth.
Furthermore, this gap is expected to widen as India grows at 6 to 8% per annum as compared
to UKs growth of 1 to 2% until 2020, and likely beyond.
Even if the currencies fluctuate that modify these growth figures to rough equality, Indias
economy will be ahead of UK based on future growth prospects.
Union Cabinet approves creation of Indian Enterprise Development Services
December 21, 2016
The Union Cabinet gave its approval to the Cadre review and formation of a new service in the
name of Indian Enterprise Development Services (IEDS).
Decision in this regard was taken by the Union Cabinet meeting presided by Prime Minister
Narendra Modi in New Delhi.
Key Facts
The IEDS will be created in the Office of Development Commissioner (MSME), Ministry of
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME).
Its creation will help to strengthen the organization and to achieve the vision of Startup
India, Stand-up India and Make in India.
It will also enhance the capacity and efficiency of the organization and help in achieving
growth in MSME sector through a focused and dedicated cadre of technical officers.
Long range nuclear-capable subsonic cruise missile Nirbhay testfired
December 21, 2016
Long range nuclear-capable subsonic cruise missile Nirbhay was testfired from the launch complex 3
of the Integrated Missile Test Range in Balasore, Odisha.
The test was conducted by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). After
blasting off from launch pad, the missile took a unique trajectory in its entire path to the target.
However the test was an utter failure.
It was fourth test of Nirbhay missile so far and out of four, three have ended in failure. The maiden
launch was conducted in March 2013 but it was failure, the second test was conducted in October
2014 was a big success as it had travelled 1,010 km instead of the targeted 800 km. The third mission
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on October 16, 2015 was again a failure.

About Nirbhay Missile
Nirbhay is a long range surface-to-surface nuclear-capable subsonic cruise missile developed
indigenously by the DRDO.
It has blended missile and aeronautical technologies which allows it to take off vertically
like a missile and cruise horizontally like an aircraft.
It is a two stage missile. In its first stage, it tilts horizontally. In the second stage it will
cruise horizontally like an aircraft with a turbo-jet engine at a subsonic speed of 0.7 Mach.
It is capable of carrying multiple payloads including nuclear warheads. It is capable to
engage several targets in a single flight.
It can be launched from various kind of platforms, ranging from surface lorry to a ship, from
air and even from underwater vessels.
It is a terrain hugging missile which keeps on encircling the area of its target for several
minutes and then hits bulls eye on an opportune time. It is difficult to detect by enemys
radars.
It has strike range of 700 km to 1000km, giving India the capability to strike deep into
enemy territory. It is considered as Indias answer to USs Tomahawk and Pakistans Babur
missile.
It is expected to supplement the India-Russian joint venture BrahMos supersonic cruise
missile which can carry warheads up to 290 km.
Scientists witness the birth of an ice cloud for the first time
December 21, 2016
US based researchers for the first time have observed the creation of ice crystals on individual
atmospheric particles in the laboratory.
This observation gives an unprecedented glimpse at most critical but least understood parts of the
process of cold clouds formation.
Key Facts
Researchers had replicated heterogeneous ice nucleation process in which particle attracts
water vapour and forms ice crystals.
For this, they replicated suitable conditions found high above Earths surface at an altitude of
about 6 kilometres where cirrus clouds form in the sky due to ice crystals.
They witnessed formation of ice crystals in highly confined climate-controlled chamber in
which atmospheric temperature, pressure and humidity conditions were maintained similar
in atmosphere.
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For recreation of ice nucleation, researchers also used extremely small particles of a clay
mineral called kaolinite. These particles were just 23 microns in size, or less than one-tenth
width of a human hair.
The kaolinite was then placed in a highly confined climate-controlled chamber of very small
size, which was photographed by an environmental scanning electron microscope.
It was found that nucleation occurred at temperatures as low as minus 68 degrees Celsius
with relative humidity from about 70 to 80%.
Natural process of heterogeneous ice nucleation
At an altitude of about 6 kilometres, relative humidity is high and temperatures are very low. It
forces water vapour to collect on any small particles floating in the atmosphere, before freezing in
place as an ice deposit. In the atmosphere, such airborne particles could be almost anything,
including volcanic ash, aircraft emissions, or even microbes.
December 22, 2016
Kaisa Matomaki, Maksym Radziwill win 2016 SASTRA Ramanujan award
December 22, 2016
Kaisa Matomaki and Maksym Radziwill have been jointly won the 2016 SASTRA-Ramanujan award
for mathematics for their revolutionary collaborative work on short intervals in number theory.
Their mathematical work dwells on properties of numbers in short intervals. The two
mathematicians worked with Fields medallist Terence Tao in making a breakthrough on the Chowla
conjecture.
They were presented with this prestigious award at inauguration of International Conference on
Number Theory at SASTRA University at Kumbakonam.
Kaisa Matomaki from Finlands University of Turku is first woman to receive this prize since it
was instituted in 2005. Maksym Radziwill is Assistant professor at McGill University, Canada.
About SASTRA Ramanujan Prize
It is an annual award bestowed on young mathematicians for his outstanding contributions to
areas of mathematics influenced by the Srinivasa Ramanujan.
It was established in 2005 by Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy
(SASTRA) University. It is named after great Indian Mathematician autodidact Srinivasa
Ramanujan.
Criteria: The age limit for the prize is 32 because Ramanujan had achieved so much in his
brief life of 32 years. The prize is given annually to recipient at Kumbakonam which is
Ramanujans hometown.
Parliamentary committee report highlights alarming rise in forest fires
December 22, 2016
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According to report submitted by Parliamentary Standing Committee on Science and Technology,

there is alarming rise in forest fires across India.
It says that the number of forest fires have touched 24,817 in 2016 from 15,937 fires in 2015. It
shows alarming rise 55% in the past year.
The report primarily focuses on the prevention and containing of fires in the Himalayan forests
spread across Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Jammu and Kashmir.
Findings of Committee
There increase in forest fires is seen even though 2015 was considered a drought year. But
there is decline in frequency of forest fires by around 16%.
The three central States of Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha contribute a third of
the forest fires.
Madhya Pradesh has seen a nearly ten-fold increase in forest fires, from just 294 in 2015 to
more than 2,600 in 2016.
In Himachal and Uttarakhand, over 17,502 acres have been ravaged in 2016 due to forest
fires, a rise of over 171%.
Large number of posts of front line forest staff were lying vacant, while fire-fighting
equipment is rudimentary in many cases.
Recommendations
National policy on managing forest fires must be framed.
Replacing pine reserve forests areas with broad-leaf plants.
Procurement of sweeping machines to clear roadsides of Chir pine needles.
Advocating large-scale incentives and programmes (including under MNREGA) to collect
pines for use as fuel, and other incineration.
Background
The committee was formed after a series of devastating forest fires earlier in the year 2016 including
the prolonged one that had charred 4,000 hectares of forest land across 13 districts of Uttarakhand in
May 2016. The committee was headed by Rajya Sabha MP Renuka Choudhary.
Union Cabinet approves ordinance to pay salaries by cheques
December 22, 2016
The Union Cabinet has approved a draft ordinance to empower states and allow industries to pay
workers wages digitally, through a direct bank transfer to accounts or by cheque in a bid to
encourage cashless transactions.
The draft ordinance proposes changes to the Section 6 of the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 to
encourage cashless transactions. It will need the Presidents assent to become law as per article 123 of
the Constitution.
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Key Facts
It will allow industries to pay wages to workers earning up to Rs. 18,000/ month, without
taking their explicit
consent as required under present Act.

However, wage payment through the banking system will only be optional, until State
governments or Union Government come up with a notification for specific industries since
Labour is in the concurrent list.
The present law (1936 Act) states that all payment of wages should be in cash. Under it has
mandatory provision asking employers to obtain written permission of the worker to pay
either by cheque or by crediting wages to his or her bank account.
Comment
The payment of wages through cheque or DBT of employed persons has twin motives i.e. it will
reduce complaints regarding non-payment or less payment of minimum wages and serve purpose of
digital and less cash economy. The move is significant in view of the Union Government is
promoting cashless transactions after its decision to scrap the old high value Rs. 500 and Rs. 1,000
currency notes. Earlier Payment of Wages (Amendment) Bill, 2016 introduced in the Lok Sabha
during 2016 winter session but was not cleared owing to the impasse in Parliament.
Hong Kong revokes visa-free entry to Indians
December 22, 2016
Hong Kong, a China-administered special territory has decided to withdraw visa-free facility for
Indians from January 23, 2017.
This decision was taken on the ground to prevent illegal immigration as number of Indian asylum
seekers was on the rise. Over half a million Indians visit Hong Kong for business, trade and holidays.
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Under the new rules, Indian travellers will have to complete a pre-arrival registration. Such pre-
registration would not
be necessary for those transiting through the Hong Kong airport without leaving
the airport transit area.
Background
Earlier, Hong Kong used to be part of a block of countries that gave Indians unconditional visa-free
entry. Indians were permitted to enter Hong Kong with a valid passport for a period up to 14 days
without a visa. However in recent times, it was found that Indian nationals were overstaying in
Hong Kong by violating visa norms.
Comment
Hong Kongs unilateral decision came a year after its government had sent a delegation headed by the
Assistant Director of Immigration from the Immigration Department and Hong Kong Police in
December 2015 to India. It had informed concerns about illegal employment and human
trafficking involving Indians in Hong Kong to Indias External Affairs Ministry. They even had
expressed concern that many Indians taking up jobs even though Hong Kong does not allow visitors
to work.
2016 Sahitya Akademi Award winners
December 22, 2016
The Sahitya Academy has announced the names of 24 poets and authors who will be conferred the
prestigious 2016 Sahitya Akademi Award.
This award has recognised premier works in 24 Indian languages that includes 8 books of poetry, 7
books of short stories, 5 books of novels, 2 books of criticism and 1 book each of essays and play.
Winners are
Play: Swarajbir (Punjabi).
Essay: Nrisinghaprasad Bhaduri (Bengali).
Criticism: Aziz Hajini (Kashmiri) and Nizam Siddiqui (Urdu).
Short stories: Chahatrapal (Dogri), Shyan Darihare (Maithili), Moirangthem Rajen
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(Manipuri), Asaram Lomate (Marathi), Paramita Satpathy (Odia), Bulaki Sharma (Rajasthani)
Vannadhasan (Tamil).
Poetry: Jnan Pujari (Assamese), Anju (Bodo), Kamal Vora (Gujarati), Prabha Varma
(Malayalam), Sitanath Acharya (Sanskrit), Gobinda Chandra Majhi (Santhali), Nand Javeri
(Sindhi) and Papineni Sivasankar (Telugu).
Background
All 24 awardees were chosen by a distinguished jury representing 24 Indian languages. The final
approval was given by the Executive Board of the Sahitya Akademi chaired by its President Dr.
Vishwanath Prasad Tiwari. They will be presented with awards at a special function to be held on 22
February 2016 during the Festival of Letters the annual function of the Akademi.
About Sahitya Akademi Award
Sahitya Akademi Award is conferred annually on writers of outstanding works in one of the
twenty-four major Indian languages (22 Scheduled Languages+ English and Rajasthani)
The award consists of a casket containing an engraved copper-plaque, a shawl and a cheque
of 1 Lakh rupees.
December 22: National Mathematics Day
December 22, 2016
The National Mathematics Day is observed every year on 22nd December to celebrate birth
anniversary of great Indian autodidact Mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan. This year, it is 129th
birth anniversary of Srinivasa Ramanujan.
About Srinivasa Ramanujan
Srinivasa Ramanujan was born on 22nd December, 1887 in Erode district of Tamil Nadu. He
died at young age of 32 on 26 April 1920.
He was considered as doyen of number theory, infinite series, mathematical analysis, and
making formulas and equations without any formal training in pure mathematics.He in the
same league as great mathematicians such as Euler and Gauss.
He was deeply religious person and had credited his mathematical capacities to divinity. He
had once said An equation for me has no meaning, unless it expresses a thought of God.
Key contributions: As a mathematical genius, he had compiled more than 3900
mathematical results and equations.
His Ramanujan Prime and Ramanujan theta discoveries have inspired further research
on this mathematical subject.
Along with British Mathematician Godfrey Harold Hardy, Ramanujan had discovered the
smallest number represented as sum of two cubes 1729 which is known as Hardy-
Ramanujan number.
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Autobiography and Movie: The feature film The Man Who Knew Infinity was based
on his life. It was based on his biography The Man Who Knew Infinity: A Life of the Genius
Ramanujan written in 1991 by Robert Kanigel.
Background
The National Mathematics Day was instituted in 2011 by the Union Government to celebrate
Ramanujans 125th birth anniversary. Besides, the year 2012 was also declared National Mathematics
Year.
Japan approves biggest defence budget
December 22, 2016
Prime Minister Shinzo Abes cabinet approved approved 5.13 trillion yen ($43.6 billion) in defence
spending for the fiscal year starting in April 2017.
It is Japans highest annual defence budget announced so far. It is up by 1.4% from the initial budget
for the current fiscal year. Now it will be sent to Parliament (Diet) for debate and approval.
Key facts
Under the new budget, Japan aims to beef up its ballistic missile defences, allocating funds for
a new interceptor missile under joint development with the United States.
It also earmarks funds to dispatch extra personnel to the Philippines and Vietnam to increase
gathering and sharing of information.
The funds have been increased monitoring operations and to maintain mastery of air and sea
to counter attacks against island areas which are disputed territory.
Separately, Japanese Coast Guard will increase security around the islands by allocating a
record 210 billion yen, which includes two new patrol ships and the hiring of 200 more
personnel.
Comment
It marks the fifth straight annual increase in annual defence budget in the face of North Koreas
nuclear and missile threats and a territorial row with China. Japan is on constant alert against
neighbouring North Korea, a rouge nuclear state which has conducted two underground nuclear
tests and more than 20 missile launches in the year 2016. The defence budget rise also reflects the
hawkish Prime Minister Shinzo Abes attempt to build up Japans military, which since World War
II has been constitutionally limited to self defence. PM Abe is also pushing revisions to the pacifist
constitution of Japan, strongly backed new security laws for making it possible for Japanese troops
fight abroad for the first time since the end of the war.
China launches TanSat satellite to monitor global carbon emissions
December 22, 2016
China successfully launched TanSat, a global carbon dioxide (CO2) monitoring satellite to
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understand the effects of climate change.

It was launched on board of Long March-2D rocket from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre in
northwest Chinas Gobi Desert. It was the 243rd mission of the Long March series rockets.
With this, China became third country after Japan and United States to have its own satellite to
monitor greenhouse gases (GHGs).
About TanSat satellite
TanSat will thoroughly examine global CO2 levels every 16 days, accurate to at least 4 ppm
(parts per million).
It weighs 620-kg and will be located in sun synchronous orbit about 700 kms above the earth.
It has three-year mission life.
It will thoroughly monitor the concentration, distribution and flow of CO2 levels every 16
days, accurate to at least 4 ppm (parts per million) in the atmosphere.
The satellite will help understanding of climate change and provide Chinas policy makers
with independent emissions data in first-hand and share it with researchers worldwide.
It will give China a louder voice on climate change, carbon reduction negotiation and bigger
say on carbon trading.
December 23, 2016
Union Government launches Coal Mitra portal to facilitate flexibility in utilization of
domestic coal
December 23, 2016
The Union Ministry of Coal has launched Coal Mitra, a web portal for allowing flexibility in
utilization of domestic Coal.
It was launched by Union Minister of State (IC) for Power, Coal, New & Renewable Energy and
Mines Piyush Goyal in New Delhi.
Key Facts
The Coal Mitra Web Portal aims at optimum utilisation by private as well as public power
companies of the coal.
It facilitates transfer of the coal reserves to more cost efficient State/Centre owned or Private
sector generating stations.
The portal allows coal swapping between PSUs and the Private Sector in transparent manner
and also helps to reduce operational and logistic costs, bringing power tariffs down for the
consumers.
It facilitates state/Central Gencos to display information about normative fixed and variable
charges of electricity for the previous month.
They can also display margin available for additional generation so as to enable the utilities
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identify stations for transfer of coal.

It will host data on Quantity and source of supply coal to the power plant, Operational and
Financial parameters of each coal based station and Distance of Power plant form the Coal
mine.
NGT bans open waste burning across the country
December 23, 2016
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) imposed a complete ban on burning of waste in open places
across the country and announced a fine of Rs. 25,000 on each incident of bulk waste burning.
The green panels judgement was given on the petition seeking directions to local bodies in states
and Centre for improving solid waste management methods.
NGT Judgement
Complete prohibition on open burning of waste on lands, including at landfill sites.
For each such incident, violators will pay environmental compensation of Rs. 5,000 in case of
simple burning and Rs. 25,000 in case of bulk waste burning,
States and UTs to enforce and implement Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 in a time-
bound manner.
Union Environment Ministry and all States must pass appropriate directions in relation to
the ban on short-life Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and chlorinated plastics within a period of six
months.
Establish and operationalise of plants for processing and disposal of the waste and selection
and specifications of landfill sites
Non-biodegradable waste and non-recyclable plastic should be segregated from the landfill
sites. It must be used for construction of roads and embankments in all road projects all over
country.
About National Green Tribunal (NGT)
NGT is a statutory body established by a Government Notification using the powers of Section 3 of
the NGT Act 2010. It is a special fast-track court to handle the expeditious disposal of the cases
pertaining to environmental issues. It has been established to assure the right to a healthy
environment to the citizens of India as enshrined in Article 21 of Constitution.
India suffers from huge gender pay gap: ILO Report
December 23, 2016
Recently released Global Wage Report 2016-17 released by the International Labour
Organisation (ILO) has found that India suffers from huge gender pay gap.
It shows that India has among the worst levels of gender wage disparity (men earning more than
women in similar jobs) with the gap exceeding 30%.
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Key Facts
Singapore has among the lowest gender wage disparity at 3%. Among major economies,
South Korea only fared worse than India, with a gap of 37%.
Indias position: In India, women formed 60% of the lowest paid wage labour, but only 15%
of the highest wage-earners.
It means that women are not only poorly represented in the top bracket of wage-earners but
also gender pay gap at the bottom is also very wide in India. In other words, not only were
women paid less, there were fewer women in highly paid occupations.
Regional wage disparity: The share of women among wage earners was among the lowest
in South Asia. Compared to a global average of 40%, and an Asia-Pacific average of 38%, in
South Asia (whose dominant economy is India), only 20% of wage earners were women.
Reasons for wage gap: Womens educational choices produced occupational segregation.
Care work mostly undertaken by women is undervalued because it may be seen as a natural
female attribute rather than a skill to be acquired. Thus, there is higher representation of
women in sectors where their work is undervalued results in a gender pay gap.
Way Forward: Strong labour market institutions and policies such as collective bargaining
and minimum wages will help to lower the pay gap. It is found that the gender pay gap is
smallest (around 8%) in the group of countries where the collective bargaining rate is at least
80%, and widest in countries with weak collective bargaining and very low or no minimum
wages.
Income inequality: The report also highlighted income inequality. In India, the top 1%
earns 33 times what the bottom 10% did. The top 10% also earned 43% of all wages. Since
2006, average wages rose by 60% in India, while they more than doubled in China.
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About International Labour Organisation (ILO)

The ILO is a United Nations agency dealing with labour issues, particularly international labour
standards, social protection, and work opportunities for all. It was established in 1919 as an agency of
the League of Nations and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
Union Government reconstitutes committee helping Krishna River Board
December 23, 2016
The Union Water Resources Ministry has reconstituted a committee that was tasked with assisting
the Krishna River Management Board (KRMB).
The new committee will be headed by A.K. Bajaj, former chairman of the Central Water
Commission (CWC). Besides, Gopala Krishnan, R.P. Pandey, Pradeep Kumar Shukla and N.N. Rai
will be its members.
Terms and reference of Committee
Assist KRMB to prepare a manual on how projects, common to Andhra Pradesh and
Telangana, ought to be handled.
Decide how the Godavari waters ought to be transferred to the Krishna Basin in accordance
with the Godavari Water Disputes Tribunal Award.
Background
The committee was reconstituted based on the demand of Telangana government after it had
opposed the earlier Mohile committees recommendation considering it as one-sided and biased
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against Telangana. The earlier committee was constituted in September 2016 to suggest a
mechanism for facilitating the effective functioning of the KRMB as per the provisions of the
Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014.
Japan successfully launches solid fuel rocket
December 23, 2016
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has successfully launched a solid fuel rocket named
Epsilon-2 from the Uchinoura Space Center in southern Japan.
The 26-metre-long rocket released Exploration of energization and Radiation in Geospace (ERG)
satellite for studying radiation belts around the earth soon after the lift-off.
Key Facts
ERG satellite will orbit in a highly elliptical orbit, getting as close to Earth as 350 kilometers
and as far away as 30,000 km.
This path will take the satellite through the Van Allen radiation belts, where the earths
magnetic field traps huge numbers of fast-moving electrons and other particles.
These particles mainly damage the computer systems aboard satellites and pose a radiation
danger to astronauts.
The satellite will use nine different instruments for studying radiation belts over the course of
a mission designed to last at least one year.
Comment
Epsilon-2 rocket is part of a new generation of solid propellant rockets which can reduce launch
costs up to one-third. The reduction in cost can allow it to put more communication and weather
satellites in space. Thus, it can give JAXA a competitive edge in space launch industry which has
robust growth potential and strong security implications.
PM launches National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme in Kanpur
December 23, 2016
Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently launched National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme
(NAPS) during his recent visit to Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.
The scheme aims to provide apprenticeship training to over 50 lakh youngsters in order to create
more jobs. It has budgetary outlay of Rs 10000 crore.
About National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS)
NAPS is implemented by Director General of Training (DGT) under the aegis of Union
Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE).
Under it, Central Government for the first time will provide financial incentives to the
employers to engage actively in apprenticeship training.
Central Government will also directly share 25% of the total stipend (maximum of 1,500
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rupees per month per apprentice) payable to an apprentice with employers.

In addition, it will support basic training which is considered an essential component of
apprenticeship training.
The Central Government will bear the 50% of the total expenditure incurred on providing
basic training to an apprentice.
All transactions including registration by employers, apprentices, registration of contract and
payment to employers will be made in online mode.
Scientists use pregnancy fluid to strengthen weak bones
December 23, 2016
UK-based researchers have found that stem cells harvested from pregnant womans amniotic fluid
can be used to strengthen weak bones.
Amniotic fluid is the protective fluid that surrounds baby in the uterus and helps it to develop inside
the mothers womb. It also contains stem cells that are the building blocks of other tissues.
Key Facts
Bones are constantly formed in body with cells called osteoclasts which break down old bone
and form new bones.
However, incase due to brittle bone disease, osteoporosis process becomes lazy leading to
fracture bones.
The researchers collected the amniotic stem cells from material left over from screening tests
during pregnancy.
Then they injected these cells into diseased mice having fractured bones due to brittle bone
disease (a genetic disorder that results in fragile bones that break easily).
It was found that mice injected with these cells have 78% fewer fractures. Thus, the amniotic
stem cells can be used to improve strength, plasticity, and structure of bones.
Potential Application: This discovery can help treat astronauts who lose bone mass in
space. It is said that astronauts can lose 2.5% of their bone density for every month in space. It
can also help babies with genetic diseases and elderly people.
December 24, 2016
Ministry of Textiles to set up Bunkar Mitra Handloom Helpline Centre
December 24, 2016
The Union Ministry of Textiles has decided to establish a Bunkar Mitra-Handloom Helpline Centre
where experts in the field of textiles will answer professional queries of weavers.
This helpline initially will be provided in 7 languages viz., English, Hindi and 5 other regional
languages Tamil, Telugu, Kannada Bengali and Assamese.
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Key Facts
This helpline aims to overcome the problem of unavailability of single point of contact where
weavers can seek solutions for their technical issues/problems.
Currently there 28 Weavers Service Centres (WSCs) functioning across the country to
provide technical assistance to handloom weavers in improving their skills.
But for seeking assistance, weavers have to personally visit the WSCs.
Urban planning kept peace in Harappa: Experts
December 24, 2016
According to Indus Valley Civilisation expert Jonathan Mark Kenoyer, Harappa was peaceful in
comparison with all other first civilisations cities because of its urban planning.
The efficient water supply, proper sewage treatment and good drainage systems in Harappa were
main reason for conflict avoidance.
Experts believe that this strategy is an important lesson to be learnt from the Harappans. Thus, it
suggests that Harappan concept of cleanliness and wells and drains is not so much about hygiene but
also conflict avoidance.
About Harappa
Harappa was an Indus Valley civilizations urban centre. It lies on an old bank/bed of the
River Ravi in Punjab Province of Pakistan.
It was the first site of the civilization to be excavated in 1921 led by team led by Daya Ram
Sahni. The civilization had diversified social and economic system.
Its main feature was town planning were it had well grid locked pattern planned straight
roads and a system of drainage. It also significant as there was use of baked as well as sundried
bricks.
It had a fortified citadel. Houses with kitchens and wells, tanks or water reservoirs were also
found. Presence of wheel made pottery and practice of burying the dead is also seen.
New Ebola vaccine may be up to 100% effective: WHO
December 24, 2016
The World Health Organization (WHO) has expressed confidence that a prototype vaccine for Ebola
may be 100% effective in protecting against the deadly virus.
The vaccine was initially developed in Canada by public health authorities before being taken over by
pharmaceutical giant Merck.
Key Facts
Earlier in a major experimental human clinical trial of this vaccine conducted on nearly 6,000
people in Guinea in 2015 was found to successfully.
It was observed that no one from the 6,000 people contracted again to the lethal disease. The
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test results of the trial were released in The Lancet magazine.

This new vaccine has not yet been approved by any regulatory authority. But it is said that the
vaccine could become available in 2018 under a fast-track approval process.
However, this new vaccine has some flaws as it appears to work against only one of the two
most common strains of the Ebola virus.
Thus, it may not give long-lasting protection and some of patients who were given this
vaccine have reported side effects like joint pain and headaches.
About Ebola virus
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a severe, often fatal illness in humans. It was first identified in 1976 in
the Democratic Republic of Congo in a village near the Ebola River, from which it takes its name. It
is transmitted to people from wild animals and spreads in the human population through human-to-
human transmission. Fruit bats are natural host of this virus. It spreads through contact with body
fluids of inflected persons such as blood, urine and saliva. Symptoms faced by people who have
contracted the Ebola virus include high fever, bleeding and central nervous system damage. In 2014,
Ebola virus had erupted periodically mainly across west and east Africa mainly in Guinea, Liberia and
Sierra Leone. It was the deadly outbreak of the virus in the history that had killed 11,000 people.
ICICI Bank launches EazyPay app for Merchants
December 24, 2016
ICICI Bank, Indias largest private sector bank has launched EazyPay mobile application for
merchants that allows all-in-one acceptance payments platform.
This app consolidates all digital wallets, QR code, Unified Payments Interface (UPI), and credit &
debit cards modes of payments. With this, ICICI Bank became first bank in the country to roll out
all-in-one payments platform.
Key Facts
Eazypay app is sustainable payment mode compared to current peer-to-peer digital
applications.
It has open architecture which makes it distinct from other digital payments that are
actually closed-loop prepaid instruments.
Using it customer can make payments through any bank account using UPI or internet
banking or using credit or debit card details on smartphone on a link forwarded by the
merchant.
It has no issue of hitting the limit as the money flows directly into the bank account of
merchant. It also has its in-built billing application for merchants.
It also allows merchants to receive payments from ICICI Banks own e-wallet Pockets.
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GST Council approves Draft Central, State GST laws

December 24, 2016
The Goods and Services Tax (GST) Council has approved the draft Central GST (CGST) and State
GST (SGST) laws along with Compensation Bill to bring the GST into implementation, countrys
biggest indirect tax reform.
The CGST and SGST laws contains total of 197 provisions and five schedules. They were approved
at the seventh GST Council meeting presided by Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley in New Delhi.
GST Council agreed upon
The draft CGST and SGST laws do not include division of administrative turf between states and the
centre. The
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Compensation Bill will have 2015-16 as base year and compensation to States for
the loss of revenue from the GST rollout will be paid every two months. It
provides legal backing to the centres promise to compensate states if their
revenue growth rate were to fall below 14% in the first five years of GST.
However few issues were left to be settled, such as source of compensation fund.
Next meeting
The next meeting of the Council scheduled early January 2017 will try to resolve the issue of dividing
the administrative powers between the Centre and states. It will also take up the Integrated GST
(IGST) Bill. It will also discuss the most contentious issue of dual control or cross empowerment.
About GST Council
As per Article 279A of the Constitution, GST Council is joint forum of the Centre and the
States.
Composition: Union Finance Minister (Chairperson), Union Minister of State (MoS) in-
charge of Revenue of finance (Member) and Minister In-charge of taxation or finance or any
other Minister nominated by each State Government (Members).
Functions: They are mention in Article 279A (4) of the Constitution. It will make
recommendations on important issues related to GST, like (i) Goods and services that may be
subjected or exempted from GST. (ii) Model GST Laws. (iii) Principles that govern Place of
Supply, threshold limits, GST rates. (iv) GST rates will including the floor rates with bands
and (v) Special rates for raising additional resources during natural disasters/ calamities,
special provisions for certain States, etc.
Odisha Government launches Biju Sishu Surakshya Yojana to nurture HIV positive orphan
kids
December 24, 2016
The Odisha Government launched the Biju Sishu Surakshya Yojana, a scheme to nurture the orphan
and HIV-infected children residing in different child care institutions and orphanages.
The main aim of the scheme is to facilitate care and protection towards orphans and HIV infected
children of the state. It will act and supplement for providing additional resources and
complementary modalities to the existing centrally sponsored schemes.
Under this scheme
Financial support will be given to promote the primary, higher education and for the
securing of the future and rehabilitation of HIV-infected children.
State government will bear the educational expense of these children and provide them
scholarship for higher education among other benefits.
The scholarship will be provider to top three meritorious students of the each district of the
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state and each student who passes the HSC examination will get Rs. 20000.
State government will deposit Rs. 1000 in the Sukayana Samridhi accounts of the girl
children till they attain the age of 18 years.
December 24: National Consumer Day
December 24, 2016
The National Consumer Day is observed every year in India on 24th December. On this day the
Consumer Protection Act, 1986 had received the assent of the President.
Observance of this day provides an opportunity for individuals to highlight the importance of the
consumer movement and promote the basic rights and responsibilities of all consumers
The Department of Consumer Affairs under the Union Ministry of Consumer Affairs Food and
Public Distribution is celebrating this day this year with the theme Alternate Consumer Disputes
Redressal.
Consumer Protection Act, 1986
The enactment of this Act was considered as a historic milestone in the consumer movement in the
country. This Act aims to provide consumers with effective safeguards against different types of
exploitation such as defective goods, unsatisfactory services and unfair trade practices.
It provides consumers with speedy and inexpensive redressal grievances mechanism and specific
relief or award of compensation. It recognizes six of the eight rights of the consumer as provided in
the UN charter. It envisages following rights of consumers (i) Right to Protection. (ii) Right of
Information. (iii) Right of Choice. (iv) Right of Hearing. (v) Right of Redressal. (vi) Right of
Education.
Note: The World Consumer Rights Day is observed on 15th March.
MEA announces new rules to ease process of getting passport
December 24, 2016
The Union Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) has announced new passport rules by changing
Passport Rules, 1980 in order to streamline, liberalize and ease the process of issue of passport.
The new rules aim to speed up and simplify the passport delivery process and will help single
mothers, orphaned children, and sadhus obtain passports with ease. It will also eliminate the role of
non-government agents and touts. Besides, passport-related grievances will now be handled on the
social media platform of Twitter.
Under new rules
Birth certificate is no longer mandatory for getting passport. Applicants can submit PAN
Card, birth certificate, voter id, Aadhaar, driving licence.
Henceforth, applicant of online passport application will only need to provide the name of
only one parent and not both or of legal guardian.
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This will enable single parents to apply for passports for their children. Besides, married
applicants will not be required to provide any marriage certificate.
The application form does not require the applicants to provide the name of their spouse in
case of separated or divorced persons.
Married applicants can apply for passport without attaching their marriage certificate.
Holy men can now apply for a passport with the name of their spiritual guru, instead of
biological parents.
However, they have to provide a document such as voter ID, which records the name of the
guru against the column for parents name.
NITI Aayog rolls out Performance on Health Outcomes index

December 24, 2016
The NITI (National Institution for Transforming India) Aayoga along with Union Ministry of
Health and Family Welfare has rolled out Performance on Health Outcomes index to rank States
on the basis of their performance on measurable health indicators.
The index was developed with inputs from domestic and international experts, including
academicians and development partners as well as feedback from States.
Key features of the index
Capture the annual incremental improvements of the states, rather than focusing on
historical achievements.
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Includes indicators in the domains of health outcomes governance and information and a few
key inputs and processes.
Envisioned to bring about the much required improvements in social sector outcomes, which
have not so far kept pace with the economic growth of the country.
Mainly will be used to propel actions of states to improve health outcomes and improve data
collection systems.
Includes monitorable indicators that form part of Sustainable Development Goal in Health.
Serve as an input for providing performance-based incentives, assist in State-level
monitoring of performance and improvement in health outcomes.
Involves the participation of several partners including technical assistance from the World
Bank, mentor agencies to hand-hold states and third party organisations to validate the data
submitted prior to calculation of the index.
Bengali poet Shankha Ghosh chosen for 2016 Jnanpith Award
December 24, 2016
Eminent modern Bengali poet Shankha Ghosh was chosen for the prestigious Jnanpith Award for
the year 2016. He is the 52nd recipient of Jnanpith Award.
He is sixth Bengali litterateur to bag this prestigious literary award after Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay
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(1966), Bishnu Dey (1971), Ashapoorna Devi (1976), Subhash Mukhopadhyay (1991) and
Mahasweta Devi (1966).
About Shankha Ghosh
Born on 6 February 1932 in Chandpur now in Bangladesh. He is prolific poet, critic and
academician.
He is regarded a leading authority on Rabindranath in addition to being one of the most
prolific writers in Bengali.
He is considered as a poet with an eye to social milieu and his poems record both his time and
space in a rare poetic style. His poems are often laden with messages, but are free from
polemics.
Some of his famous poems are Adim lata-gulmomay, Kabir abhipray, Murkha baro, samajik
nay, Mukh dheke jay bigyapane, Babarer prarthana, Dinguli Raatguli and Nihita Patalchaya
His works have also been translated widely into several Indian languages including Hindi,
Marathi, Punjabi, Assamese and Malayalam, as well as into some foreign languages.
He also been awarded Sahitya Akademi Award, Saraswati Samman, Narsingh Das Puraskar
and Rabindra Puraskar among others.
About Jnanpith Award
Jnanpith Award is Indias highest literary honour. Its name has been taken from Sanskrit
words Jnana and Pitha which means knowledge-seat.
It was instituted in 1961 by Bharatiya Jnanpith trust founded by the Sahu Shanti Prasad Jain
family that owns the Times of India newspaper group.
It is bestowed upon any Indian citizen who writes in any 22 official languages of India
mentioned in VIII Schedule of Constitution of India and English.
Prior to 1982, the award was only given for a single work by a writer. But after 1982, the
award is given for lifetime contribution to Indian literature.
The award carries cash prize of 11 lakh rupees, a citation plaque and a bronze replica of
Saraswati, the Hindu goddess of knowledge and wisdom
Note: Bengali novelist Ashapoorna Devi was the first woman to win this award in 1976. She
was honoured for her 1965 novel Pratham Pratisruti (The First Promise), the first in a
trilogy.
December 25, 26, 2016
December 26, 2016
Google India has partnered with the Union Ministry of Consumer Affairs to launch nationwide
Digitally Safe Consumer campaign to raise awareness among consumers about online safety and
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better protect consumer interest online.

The campaign is expected to be rolled out in January 2017. It will reach out with training materials
to over 1,200 consumer organisations as well as consumer affairs department of every state/UT.
Key Facts
It will be yearlong campaign focused on building capacities of consumer organisations,
personnel of consumer affairs department and counsellors of National Consumer Helpline on
Internet safety.
Under it, Google with the help of partner agencies will work towards advocating digital
security and privacy needs through Digital Literacy, Safety & Security workshops.
It will be through a Train the Trainer model for approximately 500 people including 250
consumer organisations across the country.
These trainers will further engage with the local community to spread awareness around the
need for Internet safety.
Union Government launches Smart Consumer mobile App & OCMC for speedy redressal of
consumer grievances
December 26, 2016
The Union Government has launched Smart Consumer mobile App and an Online Consumer
Mediation Centre (OCMC) to provide speedy redressal of consumer grievances.
Apart from this, a helpline 14404 was also launched for consumer related grievances on the occasion
of National Consumer Day (24th December).
Key facts
The OCMC has been launched in association with Bengaluru based National Law School of
India University (NLSIU) to provide speedy redressal of consumer grievances in New Delhi.
The basic purpose of this Centre is to encourage consumers and companies to go for pre-
litigation and provide them with an option to settle disputes amicably.
Initially, the OCMC deal with only deal with cases related to e-commerce companies. It will
also facilitate online and even physical mediation between consumers and companies.
Besides, microsite based on the theme Digitally Safe Consumer Campaign was also launched. It will
help consumers for being vigilant and not falling prey to cyber frauds.
Ministry of External Affairs launches Twitter Seva
December 26, 2016
The Union Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) has launched Twitter Seva to directly engage with
citizens in country and abroad, tourists and business travellers for speedy resolution of their visa and
passport queries.
Twitter Seva will enable the MEA, through its Twitter handle (@MEAIndia) to strengthen its
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primary relationship with Indian citizens by providing fast, efficient and real-time public services.
Key facts
The Twitter Seva service will be supported by 198 Twitter accounts of Missions and High
Commissions across the world and 29 Regional Passport Offices (RPOs) in India.
Both Indians and non-Indians register their relevant query simply with their tweet with MEA
Twitter account.
The request will activate the concerned office nationally or across the world and address a
various range of issues under the MEA.
The global roll-out of Twitter Seva will enable timely, transparent and large scale response to
citizen Tweets in real-time.
It will enhance scalability and expedite the process dealing with requests by Indian and global
citizens.
6,117 Kuchipudi dancers set new Guinness World Record
December 26, 2016
As many as 6,117 Kuchipudi dancers set a new Guinness World Record by performing together in a
single event in Vijayawada district of Andhra Pradesh.
The Guinness World Record adjudicated for the 12-minute Jayamu Jayamu item as the Largest
Kuchipudi dance performance.
Key Facts
Kuchipudi dancers from various age groups (as young as 5 to more than 60 years) from across
the world, including from US, UAE, UK, Russia, Hong Kong and Mauritius took part in
performance.
The record event was organised by SiliconAndhra, a cultural non-profit organisation in
association with the Andhra Pradesh Government at IGMC Stadium.
Jayamu Jayamu was choreographed by the legendary Vempati China Satyam and it was
chosen for the record attempt Mahabrinda Natyam.
The Mahabrinda Natyam was part of the 5th International Kuchipudi Dance Convention
hosted by the Andhra Pradesh Governments Department of Language and Culture.
About Kuchipudi dance
Kuchipudi is one of the ten major Indian classical dances. It originated in a village of Krishna
district in modern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It derives its name from this village.
It is a dance-drama performance art, with its roots in the ancient Hindu Sanskrit text of
Natya Shastra.
Like all major classical dances of India, it was also developed as a religious art linked to
traveling bards, temples and spiritual beliefs.
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The Kuchipudi style was conceived by Siddhendra Yogi, a talented Vaishnava poet of 17th
century.
It begins with an invocation to Lord Ganesha followed by nritta (non-narrative and abstract
dancing); shabdam (narrative dancing) and natya.
The dance is accompanied by song which is typically Carnatic music. The singer is
accompanied by musical instruments like mridangam, violin, flute and tambura.
Like other classical dances, Kuchipudi also comprises pure dance, mime and histrionics but it
is the use of speech that distinguishes Kuchipudis presentation as dance drama.
Indias first 2G Ethanol Bio-refinery to be set up in Punjab
December 26, 2016
The foundation stone of Indias first 2G (Second Generation) Ethanol Bio-refinery was laid at
Tarkhanwala village in Bathinda, Punjab.
Central Government Public Sector Undertaking (CPSU) Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited
(HPCL) is setting up this project at a cost of 600 crore Rupees.
Key Facts
HPCLs bio-refinery will produce 100 kilolitres of ethanol per day i.e. 3.20 crore litres per
annum from agricultural residues.
It will be sufficient to meet the 26% of the ethanol blending requirement of Punjab. It will
also produce about 30,000 tonnes of bio-fertiliser per annum to enhance soil nutrients.
It will also produce more than 1 lakh kilograms of Bio-CNG per annum which can cater to
transport and clean cooking requirements.
It will generate employment for about 1,200-1,300 persons in the biomass supply chain. It
will also generate an additional income of approximately 20 crore Rupees per annum for
farmers through purchase of their agriculture residues.
The project will also significantly help in reducing CO2 emissions from the paddy straw
which currently is being burnt after harvesting.
Background
HPCL and other state-run oil firms are planning to set up 12 2G ethanol bio-refineries across 11
states at an estimated cost of 10,000 crore Rupees. These Bio-refineries will be significantly
contributing towards the Ethanol Blending Programme (EBP) for achieving 10% Ethanol Blending in
Petrol from current 5% by producing around 35-40 crore litres of ethanol annually. Read more
About 2nd generation ethanol
2nd generation ethanol is a fuel that can be manufactured from various types of biomass. Whereas
1st generation ethanol is made from the sugars and vegetable oils found in arable crops, which can be
easily extracted using conventional technology. In comparison, 2nd generation ethanol is made from
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lignocellulosic biomass or woody crops, agricultural residues or waste, which makes it harder to
extract the required fuel using conventional technology.
DRDO successfully flight tests Smart Anti-Airfield Weapon
December 26, 2016
The Defence and Research Development Organization (DRDO) successfully flight tested Smart
Anti-Airfield Weapon (SAAW) from Indian Air Force (IAF) aircraft at integrated test range in
Chandipur, Odisha.
During the test, the captive and release trials were tracked by Radar and Telemetry ground stations
at Interim Test Range during the entire duration of the flight. Besides, the performances of all
systems of SAAW were satisfactory meet and all the mission objectives were achieved.
About Smart Anti-Airfield Weapon (SAAW)
SAAW is an indigenously designed and developed 120 kilogram class smart weapon. It has
been developed by DRDO.
It is capable of engaging ground targets with high precision up to a range of 100 kms. Thus, it
gives IAF edge to hit adversary airfields with high precision from a safe distance.
The light weight high precision guided bomb. It is one of the world class weapons systems
that can be used to destroy runways, aircraft hangers, bunkers and other reinforced
structures.
Background
The Union Government had sanctioned the 56.58 crore Rupees for the SAAW project in September
2013. The first test on the weapon system was conducted by DRDO in May 2016 from the IAF
Jaguar DARIN-II aircraft in Bengaluru, Karnataka. The test was carried out by IAFs Aircraft and
Systems Testing Establishment (ASTE). Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) had manufactured
the trial mode mounting of the SAAW on Jaguar DARIN-II aircrafts.
Scientists identify worlds most heat resistant materials
December 26, 2016
A team of UK-based researchers have identified Hafnium carbide (HfC) as the worlds most heat
resistant material.
It can withstand record melting point temperatures up to 3958C (approx 4000C). New Laser-
heating techniques were used to find the temperature at which Tantalum carbide (TaC) and HfC
melted, both separately and in mixed compositions.
Key Facts
Hafnium carbide (HfC) and Tantalum carbide (TaC) are refractory ceramicse. they are
extraordinarily resistant to heat.
Researchers found TaC melted at 3,768 degrees Celsius, and HfC melted at 3,958 degrees
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Celsius. Besides, the mixed compound (Ta0.8Hf0.20C) exceeded its previous recorded
melting point.
These materials at present are mainly used in thermal protection systems on high-speed
vehicles and as fuel cladding in the super-heated environments of nuclear reactors.
This discovery may pave the way for improved heat resistant shielding for the faster-than-
ever hypersonic space vehicles. It means that future spacecraft could become more faster than
ever.
Currently hypersonic aircraft travelling above Mach 5 (5 times speed of sound) speed creates
very high temperatures as friction is involved when travelling this speed limit.
This means that these materials will enable spacecraft to withstand the extreme heat
generated from leaving and re-entering the atmosphere.
Scientists develops first Biological Pacemaker using Human Stem Cells
December 26, 2016
Scientists from Canada have developed the first functional pacemaker cells using human
pluripotent stem cells.
The cells can regulate heart beats with electrical impulses. It paves the way for alternate biological
pacemaker therapy.
Key Facts
Pluripotent stem cells have the potential to differentiate into more than 200 different cell
types that make up every tissue and organ in the body.
These cells can be coaxed in 21 days to develop into pacemaker cells. For this purpose
researchers had used developmental-biology approach to establish a specific protocol for
generating pacemaker cells.
These human pacemaker cells were tested in rat hearts and have shown to function as a
biological pacemaker, by activating the electrical impulses that trigger the contraction of the
heart.
Significance of this research
Learning how to generate pacemaker cells could help in understanding disorders in
pacemaker cells, and provide a cell source for developing a biological pacemaker.
Biological pacemakers offers promising alternative to electronic pacemakers and overcome
their drawbacks as a lack of hormonal responsiveness and t inability to adapt to changes in
heart size in pediatric patients.
Comment
In general Sinoatrial node pacemaker cells are the primary pacemaker of the heart that controls
the heartbeat throughout life. Defects in these pacemaker cells can lead to heart rhythm disorders
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that are commonly treated by implantation of electronic pacemaker devices. A pacemaker is a device
which is placed in the chest or abdomen to help control abnormal heartbeats using low-energy electrical
impulses.
Scientists build bacteria-powered battery on a paper sheet
December 26, 2016
US-based scientists have developed a bacteria-powered battery (bio-battery) on a single sheet of
paper, which is capable of powering disposable electronics.
The paper-based bacteria-powered battery design is part of a new field of research called
papertronics, which is a fusion of paper and electronics.
How this bio-battery works?
In this battery researchers had laid ribbon of silver nitrate on a piece of chromatography
paper. On top of this, they had placed thin layer of wax to create a cathode (positive
electrode).
On the other side of the paper, reservoir out of a conductive polymer was made which acts an
anode (negative electrode) filled with a few drops of the bacteria-containing wastewater
liquid.
When the paper is folded so that the cathode and anode come into contact, it is powered by
the bacterial metabolism. This process is also known as cellular respiration.
Significance
This bio-battery is cheap and can be easily manufactured as power source for medical sensors
in remote and developing areas.
In this case, the power is generated by common bacteria found in wastewater. Thus it store
power generated by organic compounds.
The simple components are needed to make these kinds of paper-based batteries. This makes
them a reliable backup in places where grid electricity or conventional batteries arent
available.
India successfully test-fires nuclear capable ballistic missile Agni-5
December 26, 2016
India successfully test-fired its home-grown long range intercontinental surface-to-surface nuclear
capable ballistic missile Agni-5.
The state-of-the-art surface-to-surface missile was test fired successfully from the launch complex 4
of the Integrated Test Range from the Abdul Kalam Wheeler Island off Odisha coast. It was the
fourth developmental and second canisterised trial of the missile.
About Agni-5 missile
Agni 5 is three-stage solid propellant ICBM indigenously developed by the Defence
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Research and
Development Organisation (DRDO).

Unlike other missiles of Agni series, Agni-5 is the most advanced having new technologies
incorporated with it in terms of navigation and guidance, warhead and engine.
It is about 17 metre long, 2 metre wide and has launch weight of around 50 tonnes. It is
capable of striking a target more than 5,000 kilometres with nuclear warhead carrying
capacity of more than 1 tonne.
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Thus, it can hit most northern parts of China and other parts of Asia, Europe and Africa. It
has not yet inducted into the Services.
It carries Multiple Independently Targetable Re-entry Vehicles (MIRV) payloads. A single
MIRV equipped missile that can deliver multiple warheads at different targets.
It is also incorporates advanced technologies involving ring laser gyroscope and
accelerometer for navigation and guidance.
Comment
Once this missile is inducted in Services, India will join the super exclusive club of countries having
ICBMs (missiles with a range of over 5,000-5,500km) alongside the US, Russia, China, France and
the United Kingdom. The missile will enhance Indias strategic and deterrence capabilities. At
present India in its armoury of Agni missile series, possesses Agni-I (700 km range), Agni-II (2000
km range), Agni-3 (2,500 km range) and Agni-4 ( more than 3,500 range).
December 27, 2016
China passes law to levy environment tax to fight pollution
December 27, 2016
Chinas top legislature has passed Environment Tax to levy environment tax on polluters, especially
on heavy industries. It will enter into force on January 1, 2018.
The law aims to improve taxpayers environmental awareness, force companies to upgrade
technology and shift to cleaner production.
Key Facts
Under the new law, companies will pay environment taxes ranging from 350 yuan ($60) to
11,200 yuan ($1870) per month for noise.
It set rates of 1.4 yuan on water pollutants, 1.2 yuan on stipulated quantities of air pollutants
and a range of 5 to 1,000 yuan for each ton of solid waste.
It allows provincial-level governments to raise rates for air and water pollution by up to 10
times after approval by local legislatures.
Under it, lower rates can also be applicable if emissions are less than national standards. It
only targets enterprises and public institutions that discharge listed pollutants directly into
environment.
Punishments for evasion or fraud have not been specified, but it says that offenders will be
held liable in line with the law on administration of taxation and the environmental law.
Greenhouse gas Carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the major contributors to global warming, is
not included in the levying list.
Background
China is the worlds largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GHGs), due to its heavy reliance on coal to
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provide electricity to its population of 1.37 billion (worlds largest). Since 1979, China has collected a
pollutant discharge fee which not enforced by any law. In 2015, it collected 17.3 billion yuan (about
2.5 billion dollars) from some 280,000 businesses. However, it was found that some local
governments were exploiting loopholes and exempting pollution enterprises.
China tests 5th-generation fighter jet FC-31 Gyrfalcon
December 27, 2016
China has successfully tested the latest version of its fifth-generation stealth fighter jet J-31 (now
renamed the FC-31 Gyrfalcon).
The newest version of twin-engine FC-31 took to the air for the first time recently. It is considered
as Chinas answer to the US F-35, the worlds most technically advanced fighter.
Key Facts
The newest FC-31 has better stealth capabilities, improved electronic equipment and a larger
payload capacity than the previous version which debuted in October 2012
It is manufactured by Shenyang Aircraft Corp., a subsidiary of the Aviation Industry Corp of
China (AVIC).
FC-31 has a maximum take-off weight of 28 metric tons, flight radius of 1,250 km, and top
speed of Mach 1.8 (i.e. 1.8 times the speed of sound).
It can easily carry 8 tons of weapons, hold six missiles in its internal weapons bay, plus
another six under its wings.
It also has been equipped with an electro-optical targeting system and helmet-mounted
display. Some analysts say the FC-31 bears a close resemblance to the USs F-35.
Comment
China by introducing this fighter jet is trying to end the Wests monopoly on the worlds most
advanced warplanes especially 5th generation fighter jet. When completed, the FC-31 will become
the Chinas second 5th-generation fighter after the J-20, which was put on its first public
performance at the Zhuhai Air Show in November 2016.
Assam Government launches Health Insurance Scheme Atal-Amrit Abhiyan
December 27, 2016
Assam Government rolled out Atal-Amrit Abhiyan, a health insurance scheme to provide coverage
against several critical illnesses.
Atal-Amrit Abhiyan aims to make quality health care affordable to every individual member of a
family in the state. This scheme is claimed to be the biggest health care initiative undertaken by any
State Government in the country. It has financial outlay of the scheme is around Rs 200 crore.
Under the scheme
Both Below Poverty Line (BPL) and Above Poverty Line (APL) families with annual income
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below Rs 5 lakh are eligible to avail benefit.

Cashless cards will be provided to eligible individuals to avail treatment for as many as 437
diseases under six categories at most major hospitals across the country.
The six categories are cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, cancer, neo-natal diseases,
neurological conditions and burns.
Sagarmala Development Companys office inaugurated in New Delhi
December 27, 2016
Union Road Transport and Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari inaugurated Sagarmala Development
Companys (SDC) office in New Delhi to promote port-led development in the country.
The SDC has been incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013. The Union Cabinet in July 2016
had approved formation of the SDC under the administrative control of the Union Ministry of
Shipping.
Key Facts
The main objective SDC is to identify port-led development projects under the ambitious
Sagarmala programme.
It will provide equity support for project Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) set up by the
Ports, State, Central Ministries and funding window.
It will implement only those residual projects which cannot be funded by any other means
mode.
It will mainly help in structuring activities, bidding out projects for private sector
participation, identifying suitable risk management measures for strategic projects across
multiple States, regions and obtaining requisite approvals and clearances.
For more information: Sagarmala Development Company
PM Narendra Modi lays foundation stone of Char Dham highway development project
December 27, 2016
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has laid the foundation stone of Char Dham highway development
project or Chardham Mahamarg Vikas Pariyojna in Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
The Chardham Mahamarg Vikas Pariyojna is an ambitious initiative to improve connectivity to the
Char Dham pilgrimage centres in the Himalayas.
Key Facts
The projects main objective is to develop around 900 km of national highways. These
highways will be built at an approximate cost of Rs 12,000 crore.
It will allow uninterrupted access for pilgrims to the four Himalayan shrines of Kedarnath,
Badrinath, Gangotri and Yamunotri in Uttarakhand.
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The all-weather roads will have tunnels, bridges and fly-overs to enhance road safety and
uninterrupted access.
It will have proper slope stabilisation to ensure protection against landslides. It will benefit
people visiting holy shrines in Uttarakhand.
It will generate additional employment for the local population and will change the economy
of the State as it will give strong boost to connectivity and tourism.
December 28, 2016

Gujarat government announces Biotechnology Policy 2016
December 28, 2016
Gujarat Government announced its Biotechnology Policy-2016 to establish state as a preferred
destination for manufacturing of biotechnology products.
The policy has provisions for various incentives for investors who are keen to set up their units in
the state. It aims to take annual turnover of biotechnology products to Rs 15,000 crore from current
f Rs 4,500 crore turn over within next 3-4 years and make Gujarat top state in this sector in the
country.
Under the policy
State government will provide capital subsidy up to Rs 25 crore on the total investment for
developing a Biotechnology (BT) Park.
In addition, the developer of such park will be eligible for 100% reimbursement of stamp duty
paid on lease or sale of the land for setting such park.
BT Park developer will also be given 100% reimbursement for electricity duty paid for a
period of five years.
Capital subsidy up to Rs 10 per cent of the gross fixed capital investment(GFCI) with a ceiling
of Rs 5 crore will be given to individual BT manufacturing units having GFCI up to Rs 50
crore.
Further, BT units borrowings up to Rs 50 crore will be entitled to an interest subsidy at the
rate of 5% with a ceiling of 2.5 crore per annum.
Government would give 100% reimbursement of stamp duty paid on sale or lease of the land
o encourage new start-ups in this sector.
Astronomers discover universes biggest Galaxy Supercluster near Milky Way
December 28, 2016
A team of international astronomers has discovered Vela super cluster, one of the biggest super
galaxy clusters near the Milky Way.
It was spotted by a research team of astronomers from South Africa, Australia and Europe with help
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slew of telescopes including the Anglo-Australian Telescope (Sydney) and South African Large
Telescope (Cape Town).
Key Facts
Vela super cluster is massive and it is estimated to carry 100,000 galaxies with trillions of
stars. It is one of the biggest concentrations of galaxies found in the Universe.
It is possibly biggest galaxy in neighborhood of our Milky Galaxy and is at a distance of 840
million light-years from Earth. Our galaxy Milky Way, part of Laniakea supercluster is puny
when compared to Vela.
This new discovery may help astronomers to answer the retardation on the speed of Milky
Way, which has mass of 400 billion suns and is containing 100 billion or more stars.
Vela can also offer hints on how Milky Way got to the current location in the universe and
gravity of the supercluster can explain the variations in Milky Ways measured motion in
space.
What are Galaxy clusters?
They are among the largest structures in the universe consisting of hundreds of galaxies spread in a
not so vast area, usually it is limited to a few million light-years across. These clusters are big
population of elliptical yet massive galaxies at the core. It is believed that these clusters formed stars a
long time ago but not making stars anymore.
Rajasthani writer Satya Narayan chosen for 2016 Bihari Puraskar
December 28, 2016
Eminent Rajasthani litterateur Dr Satya Narayan was chosen for the 26th Bihari Puraskar 2016 by
the K K Birla Foundation. He was been chosen for his Hindi book titled Yeh Ek Dunia published in
2010.
His Yeh Ek Dunia is a meticulous depiction of various circumstances of life in contemporary world.
In it he has built a model of new creativity and attempts to enter unseen aspects or dimensions,
where human experiences and conscience are more important than life situations of contemporary
time zone.
About Dr Satya Narayan
He also has penned Ret Ki Kokh Mein, Phati Jeb Se Ek Din, Yahin Kahin Neend Thi
among others. He has also written for various newspapers and magazines including, Yayavar
Ki Diary.
He has been the recipient of several awards like Acharya Niranjannath Samman by
Sambodhan, Kankroli, Kanhaiyaa Laal Sahal Award from Rajasthan Sahitya Akademi among
others.
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About Bihari Puraskar

The award was instituted in 1991 by the K K Foundation. It is named after famous Hindi poet
Bihari. It carries cash prize of Rs 2 lakhs, besides a citation and a plaque.
It recognises outstanding work in Hindi or Rajasthani, published during the last ten years by a
Rajasthani writer.
The 2015 Bihari Puraskar was awarded to writer Bhagwati Lal Vyas for his Rajasthani poetry
collection titled, Katha Sun Aawe Hai Sabad.
NBWL gives nod to Ken-Betwa Inter-Linking of Rivers Project
December 28, 2016
The National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) has given its clearance for the Ken-Betwa inter-linking
of rivers (ILR) project, paving the way to begin work for linking two rivers.
The clearance of NBWL was required since the project requires diversion of forest land from core
area of Panna Tiger Reserve. However NBWL has set some conditions. They are
Integration of nearby sanctuaries including Ranipur and Rani Durgavati with the Panna
Tiger Reserve to compensate loss of tiger habitat and complete ban of fresh mining lease in
the area.
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) will take care of the landscape plan for
the area with the help of Wildlife Institute of India (WII) and state forest departments.
Background
The Ken-Betwa ILR project had received clearance of the Union Cabinet in July 2014 but the work
could not begin as the mandatory clearance from the NBWL got stuck due to objections raised from
wildlife conservationists and environmentalists. Nearly 8,650 hectares of forest land including part of
Panna National Park in Madhya Pradesh will be submerged due to implementation of this project.
The conservationists and environmentalists have been mainly opposing the project, flagging its
impact on tiger reserve and wildlife sanctuaries.
About Ken-Betwa ILR project
The Ken-Betwa ILR project aims to transfer surplus water from the Ken River to the Betwa
basin through
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concrete canal to irrigate Indias worst drought-prone Bundelkhand region.

The project will benefit Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh in terms of meeting irrigation,
drinking water and electricity needs of people across 6 districts in the two states.
The 221-km concrete canal will pass through Jhansi, Banda and Mahoba districts of Uttar
Pradesh and Chhatarpur, Panna and Tikamgarh districts of Madhya Pradesh.
The project also had received green signal from the Supreme Court following the tripartite
MoU involving UP, MP and Centre.
The apex court in February 2012 had directed Centre to implement this project in a time-
bound manner and also had appointed a high-powered committee for its planning and
implementation.
Union Government gives nod for apex corridor development body
December 28, 2016
The Union Government has approved the re-designation of the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor
Project Implementation Trust Fund (DMICPTF) as National Industrial Corridor Development
& Implementation Trust (NICDIT).
NICDIT will be the apex body to oversee integrated development of all industrial corridors across
the country. It will implement all the five proposed industrial corridors, together covering 15 States.
Key Facts
NICDIT will function under the administrative control of Department of Industrial Policy
and Promotion (DIPP) i.e. Ministry of Commerce & Industry.
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It will also coordinate all efforts of Union Government for the development of industrial
corridor projects and will monitor their implementation.
It will help in bringing in holistic planning and development approach and sharing the
learning from development of industrial corridors.
It has is given permission to utilise financial assistance already sanctioned and an additional
sanctioned amount of Rs 1,584 crore within the extended period up to 31 March, 2022.
Besides, an Apex Monitoring Authority will be constituted under the chairpersonship of the
Finance Minister to periodically review the activities of NICDIT and progress of the projects.
It will consist of Minister of Commerce & Industry, Minister of Railways, Minister of Road
Transport & Highways, Minister of Shipping, Vice-Chairman of NITI Aayog and Chief
Ministers of states concerned as members.
NICDIT will implement all the five proposed industrial corridors, together covering 15 States.
The Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor, the first of the planned corridors, is under development.
Other four corridors Bengaluru-Mumbai Economic Corridor, Chennai-Bengaluru Industrial
Corridor, Amritsar-Kolkata Industrial Corridor and Vishakapatnam-Cheenai Industrial
Corridor are in various stages of planning.
Kerala to seek Union governments approval for using deer antlers in Ayurveda medicines
December 28, 2016
The Kerala Government has approached the Union Government for allowing use of antlers of
spotted deer and sambar of Ayurveda medicines.
In this regard, Kerala State Board for Wildlife (SBWL) under chairmanship of CM Pinarayi Vijayan
has forwarded proposal to National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) and Ministry of Environment and
Forests.
SBWL is seeking suitable amendments to the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 for using the antlers
for medicinal purposes.
What are Antlers?
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Antlers are the extensions of the deers skull. There are three deer varieties deer, sambar, and barking
deer having
antlers and are found in Kerala. They shed their antlers annually. It is believed that antlers have
medicinal values and are mainly used for invigorating spleen, strengthening bones/muscles and
boosting blood flow.
What is the issue?
The Kerala SBWL had approved a request from the state-run Oushadhi to collect and use antlers
shed by spotted deer and sambars in zoos for preparing ayurvedic medicines. However, the Wildlife
Protection Act, 1972 prohibits (bans) sale and use of antlers in India. Tonnes of antlers are kept in
the stores of Department of Museums and Zoos as the sale and use of antlers are banned. SBWL is
seeking suitable amendments to the Wildlife Protection Act for using the antlers for medicinal
purposes.
What Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 says?
The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, has included antler in the definition of wildlife trophy that
may be whole or any part of any captive animal or wild animal. Section 39 of the Act prohibits
person from acquiring or keeping trophies in his possession without the previous permission of
Chief Wildlife Warden or the authorised officer. Wildlife and wildlife trophies are considered to be
owned by the government. The Act prescribes imprisonment up to 3 years and a fine of Rs. 25,000
for offences involving wildlife trophies.
Tribal development remains poor: Tribal Ministry report
December 28, 2016
According to recently released annual report of the Union Ministry of Tribal Affairs, the tribal
population in India lags behind other social groups on various social parameters.
The tribal population lags in parameters such as child mortality and infant mortality and womens
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health, education, poverty etc.

Key Highlights of report
Vast majority of tribal population is engaged in agricultural labour. It has the largest number
of anaemic women.
Mortality rates: The community also has registered the highest child mortality and infant
mortality rates compared to other social groups.
Education: The gross enrolment ratio (GER) among tribal students in the primary school
level has declined from 113.2 in 2013-14 to 109.4 in 2015-16. Besides, dropout rate among
tribal students is alarming.
Poverty: The overall poverty rates among the tribal population have fallen compared to
previous years. They remain relatively poor when weighed against other social groups.
Health infrastructure: It has also been found wanting in tribal areas. There is a shortfall of
6,796 sub-centres, 1,267 primary health centres (PHCs) and 309 community health centres
(CHCs) in the tribal areas at an all-India level as on March 31, 2015.
Gaps in rehabilitation: There are gaps in the rehabilitation of the tribal community
members displaced by development projects.
Only 21 lakh tribal community members have been rehabilitated so far of the estimated 85
lakh persons displaced due to development projects and natural calamities.
Viral V Acharya appointed as RBI Deputy Governor
December 28, 2016
The Union Government has appointed Viral V Acharya (42) as new Deputy Governor at the
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Reserve Bank of India (RBI). He will have regular three-year tenure.

His appointment was cleared by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) chaired by
Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi.
He will fill the post that fell vacant after Urjit Patel after he was made RBI Governor to succeed Rajan
with effect from September 2016. The existing three Deputy Governors of RBI are S S Mundra, R
Gandhi and N S Vishwanathan.
About Viral V Acharya
He is an alumnus of IIT, Mumbai, with a degree of BTech in Computer Science and
Engineering in 1995 and PhD in Finance from NYU-Stern in 2001.
He was with London Business School (2001-08) and served as the Academic Director of
Coller Institute of Private Equity (2007-09) and Senior Houblon-Normal Research Fellow at
Bank of England (2008).
He also has served as Director, NSE-NYU Stern Initiative on the Study of Indian Capital
Markets. He also was member of SEBIs International Advisory Board.
Prior this appointment, he was serving as the C V Starr Professor of Economics in the
Department of Finance at the New York University Stern School of Business (NYU-Stern).
He is known for his research in theoretical and empirical analysis of systemic risks of the
financial sector, its regulation and genesis in government-induced distortions.
His research areas also span across agency-theoretic foundations, credit and liquidity risks as
well as their general equilibrium consequences.
He also has co-authored in the past at least three papers with the former RBI governor
Raghuram Rajan. He had once called himself poor mans Raghuram Rajan.
December 29, 2016
Anil Baijal appointed as Lt Governor of Delhi
December 29, 2016
President Pranab Mukherjee has appointed former bureaucrat Anil Baijal (70) as the 21st Lieutenant
Governor of Delhi.
He will succeed Najeeb Jung who had resigned before completion of his term and is returning to
teaching profession.
About Anil Baijal
He is retired IAS officer of 1969 batch of the Union Territory cadre.
He had served as Union Home Secretary under the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government besides
holding key positions in other ministries.
He retired in 2006 as the Secretary, Urban Development Ministry. He also had served as the
vice chairman of the Delhi Development Authority (DDA).
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He was associated with the designing and roll-out of the then UPA Governments flagship
programme the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM).
Currently, he was associated with the Vivekananda International Foundation (VIF), a New
Delhi-based think tank. He was also on the executive council of VIF.
Lieutenant Governor of Delhi
According to Article 239AA President administer UT of NCT Delhi through Lt Governor. The 69th
Constitutional Amendment Act, 1991 (amended article 239AA) which provided special status to UT
of Delhi also designated administrator of Delhi as Lt Governor. He is appointment by President and
holds office till pleasure of President. Lt Governor of Delhi is also empowered to promulgate
ordinances during the recess of assembly.
Union Cabinet approves ratification of International Solar Alliance
December 29, 2016
The Union Cabinet gave its approval to the proposal of Union Ministry of New & Renewable Energy
(MNRE) for ratification of International Solar Alliance (ISA) Framework Agreement by India.
The Agreement was opened for signature on the sidelines of 22nd Conference of Parties (CoP)
meeting United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) at Marrakesh,
Morocco.
The Agreement invokes the Paris Declaration on ISA and encapsulates the vision of the member
nations. Till now, 25 nations have signed the Framework Agreement. World Bank and UNDP also
have announced their partnership with the ISA.
About International Solar Alliance (ISA)
ISA was launched jointly by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President of France Franois
Hollande in November, 2015 at Paris on the side-lines of the 21st CoP meeting of UNFCCC.
It is brainchild of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. It is also Indias first international and
inter-governmental organization comprising 121 Countries.
ISA strives to bring together more than 121 solar resource rich tropical nations lying fully or
partially between two tropics for coordinated research, low cost financing and rapid
deployment.
Its headquarters are located in Gwal Pahari, Guragaon in Haryana. The institutional structure
consists of an Assembly, a Council and a Secretariat (to be located in India).
Its members will take coordinated actions through programmes and activities that will
aggregate demands for solar finance, solar technologies, innovation, R&D and capacity
building.
India has already committed the required support of operationalization of ISA. It will put
India globally in a leadership role in climate and renewable energy issues.
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For more details: International Solar Alliance (ISA)

CCEA approves Road Connectivity Project for Left Wing Extremism affected areas
December 29, 2016
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) has approved Road Connectivity Project for
Left Wing Extremism (LWE) Affected Areas to improve rural road connectivity in worst LWE
affected districts critical from security and communication point of view.
The project will be implemented under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) to provide all
weather road connectivity in 44 worst affected LWE districts and adjoining districts.
Key Facts
The Union Ministry of Rural Development will be the implementing Ministry as well as
sponsoring Ministry of this project during implementation period four years from 2016-17 to
2019-20.
The fund sharing pattern of LWE road project will be same as that of PMGSY i.e. in the ratio
of 60:40 between the Centre and States for all States.
However the ration will be 90:10 for eight North Eastern and three Himalayan States
(Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir & Uttarakhand).
About Road Connectivity Project for LWE Affected Areas
This project is envisaged in LWE States including the 35 worst affected LWE districts which
account for 90% of total LWE violence in the country.
The all-weather roads taken up under this scheme includes Other District Roads (ODRs),
Village Roads (VRs) and upgradation of existing Major District Roads (MDRs) that are
critical from security point of view.
Besides, bridges up to a span of 100 meters which are critical from security angle will also be
funded on these roads. The National Highways and the State Highways are excluded from this
project.
The roads to be constructed under this project have been identified by Union Ministry of
Home Affairs in close consultation with the State Governments and the security agencies.
About Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY)
PMGSY is Centrally Sponsored Scheme launched in 2000 with the objective to provide all-weather
road connectivity to all eligible unconnected habitations in rural areas of the country. The
programme envisages connecting all eligible unconnected habitations with a population of 500
persons and above (as per 2001 Census) in plain areas and 250 persons and above (as per 2001
Census) in Special Category States, Desert Areas (as identified in Desert Development Programme),
Tribal (Schedule-V) areas and in Select Tribal and Backward Districts (as identified by the Union
Ministry of Home Affairs/Planning Commission).
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China launches 2 high resolution remote sensing satellites

December 29, 2016
China has successfully launched pair two high-resolution remote sensing satellites SuperView-1 01
and 02 to get commercial images.
These satellites were launched on-board of Long March 2D rocket from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch
Centre in Shanxi Province. They will provide commercial images at 0.5-meter resolution.
The satellites launch followed release of a white paper which said
China plans to form a BeiDou network consisting of constellation of 35 satellites for global
navigation services by 2020. It is expected to compete with USs Global Positioning system
(GPS).
China plans to start providing basic navigation services to countries along the Silk Route One
Belt One Road Economic route and 21st-century Maritime Silk Road in 2018.
China will launch a lunar probe in 2018 to achieve worlds first soft landing on the far side of
the Moon to show case its ambitious space programme including manned missions, building
permanent space station and reaching to Mars.
Union Cabinet approves ordinance to make possession of old notes penal offence
December 29, 2016
The Union Cabinet approved promulgation of Specified Bank Notes Cessation of Liabilities
Ordinance to penalise persons holding banned 500 and 1,000 rupee notes.
It will come into force once it gets Presidential assent as per Article 123 of the Constitution. It will
make possession of a large number of demonetised 1,000 and 500 rupee notes beyond threshold
amount a penal offence.
Key Facts
The ordinance amends Reserve Bank of India Act to provide legislative support for scrapping
the demonetised banknotes that are not returned.
It removes the liability of the government and the central bank on the demonetised high-
denomination notes to prevent future litigations.
It provides a limited window for depositing the cancelled notes at select RBI branches until
March 31, 2017.
The possession demonetised notes will attract a monetary fine of 10,000 rupees or five times
the cash held, whichever is higher.
The penalty for holding old high value currency in excess of 10 notes may include financial
fines and no jail term.
However, the old demonetised notes will be allowed only for the purpose of research and
numismatics.
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Note: In 1978, a similar ordinance was issued by then Morarji Desai-led government to end the
governments liability after Rs 1,000, Rs 5,000 and Rs 10,000 notes were demonetised.
Government launches IVRS platform to tackle call drops
December 29, 2016
The Union Government has launched Integrated Voice Response System (IVRS) system in a bid to
tackle the call drop menace.
The system was launched at multiple locations including Delhi and Mumbai to obtain direct feedback
from subscribers on call quality on the issue of frequent call drops.
It is now available in Delhi, Mumbai, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Maharashtra and Goa and
soon will be extended to the entire country.
How it works?
Subscribers will receive an IVRS call from a short code 1955 and will be asked a few questions
such as whether they are facing call drops in their area or not.
Mobile users can also send a toll-free SMS to the short code, containing their location where
they are facing the problem.
The feedback received will be shared with operators so they can take corrective steps in the
problem areas and address the issue of call drops.
Initially, it will be utilised obtaining feedback for call drops and subsequently it will extended
to capture consumer feedback in other areas as well.
What is Call drop?
Call drop occurs after voice call is interrupted or disconnected before it is completed after being
successfully established. Thus, it can be said that it represents telecom operators inability to maintain
a successfully established call prior to their normal completion.
Reasons: Call drop may occur if signal strength of mobile tower of telecom operator goes below the
minimum acceptable single to make a call. It may also even occur due to interference created by bad
environmental conditions and because of improper hard handoff if user is moving from one cell to
another cell.
Government invites comments for creating new Financial Redressal Agency
December 29, 2016
The Union Government has invited public comments on a report for the creation of a Financial
Redressal Agency (FRA).
The report also calls for a new financial consumer protection and redressal legislation and also
recommends an initial budget of Rs. 100 crore for the setting up of the FRA.
Key Facts
The objective of FRA will be to address the grievances of retail consumers against all financial
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service providers in an easy, transparent and cost-effective manner.

It will offer a simplified resolution process to allow retail consumers in distant and remote
locations to pursue effective remedies without imposing significant costs on them.
FRA will try to resolve all complaints through mediation. Cases where parties are unable to
reach a settlement will be resolved through a light-touch adjudication process.
It will establish a front-end presence in diverse locations for consumers to submit complaints
and discourage court-like processes.
Why there is need for FRA?
There are substantial inadequacies in the current redressal system. The average consumer is put
under unnecessary stress as he has to approach different redress agencies based on nature of product.
This stress is further amplified due to varying levels of consumer protection across regulators. In
some instances, regulated financial service providers (FSPs) are not covered within the scope of the
concerned regulators redress functions. Further, there is a lack of powers to award compensation in
some cases, pushes consumers to courts or consumer forums. Even the present systems do not have a
specialised cadre of redress professionals and there is possibility of a conflict of roles between the
various redressal agencies.
Background
Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley in his 2015-16 budget speech had announced creation of a
sector-neutral FRA, following the recommendations of the Financial Sector Legislative Reforms
Commission (FSLRC). The FSLRC in 2013 had recommended an FRA as part of the regulatory
framework aimed at fostering customer protection and regulator independence and accountability.
27th meeting of Southern Zonal Council held at Thiruvananthapuram
December 29, 2016
The 27th meeting of the Southern Zonal Council held at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala was chaired
by Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh.
The Southern Zonal Council consists of Kerala, Karnataka, Telangana, Tamil Nadu,
Puducherry (UT) and Andhra Pradesh.
Key Facts
Many important issues were discussed during the meeting and resolved 16 out of 22 items on
agenda.
The Council reviewed progress of implementation of various recommendations made in last
meeting relating to Extension of High Speed Rail Corridor between Thiruvananthapuram up
to Mangalore and Udupi, Peninsular Region Industrial Development Corridor, issues of
fishermen, introduction of peninsular tourism trains in zone and Amendments to New Road
Transport & Road Safety Bill.
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It also took up issues which relate to uniformity in allocation of funds for scholarships in
proportion of population of SC/ST for all courses, revision of ceiling on profession tax by
Central Government, prevention of communicable diseases, Naxalism, promotion of oilseeds
and oil palm cultivation and development of Puducherry Airport.
About Zonal Councils
Zonal Councils were set up under the States Reorganization Act, 1956 (so it is not
constitutional body) to foster Inter-State co-operation and co-ordination among the States.
Currently, there are total five zonal councils viz. Northern, Western, Eastern, Central and
Southern.
They are regional fora of cooperative endeavour for States linked with each other
geographically, economically and culturally.
Zonal Councils provide a common meeting ground for the States to promote and facilitate
coordinated efforts for fostering economic and social development.
They are mandated to discuss and make recommendations on matters of common interest in
field of economic and social planning, linguistic minorities, border disputes and inter-State
transport etc.
Note: The north eastern states are not included in these five zonal Councils. Their special
problems are looked after by North Eastern Council, set up under the North Eastern
Council Act, 1972. It is also headed by Union Home Minister.
Government launches Swachh Swasth Sarvatra initiative
December 29, 2016
Union Government launched Swachh Swasth Sarvatra initiative to strengthen health centres in open
defecation-free (ODF) blocks.
The objective of this initiative is to strengthen community health centres in 708 ODF blocks across
the country to enable them to achieve higher levels of cleanliness and hygiene.
Key Facts
The Swachh Swasth Sarvatra is a part of the Union Governments flagship Swachh Bharat
Mission and is focused on the twin objectives of constructing toilets and enabling behavioural
change.
It is joint initiative of Ministry of Health and Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation to
achieve better health outcomes through improved sanitation and increase awareness on
healthy lifestyles.
Its objective is to build on and leverage achievements of two complementary programmes
Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) and Kayakalp.
Under it, financial assistance of 10 lakh rupees will be given to the community health centres
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so that they can be strengthened to meet the standards of sanitation, hygiene and infection
control.
Along with this, Union Health Minister J P Nadda and Union HRD Minister Prakash Javadekar also
jointly launched a booklet- Healthy Children Healthy India. The booklet contains tips on leading
a healthy life for children.
December30, 31, 2016
CBDT inks 2 unilateral APAs with taxpayers
December 30, 2016
The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) signed two unilateral Advance Pricing Agreements
(APAs) with Indian taxpayers pertain to the Information Technology and automobile sectors.
The international transactions covered in these two agreements include software development
services, IT enabled services (ITES), manufacturing and business support services.
With this, the total number of APAs signed by the CBDT has reached 117. This includes 110
Unilateral APAs and 7 bilateral APAs. In the current 2016-17 financial year, total of 53 APAs (4
bilateral and 49 unilateral) were signed.
About Advance Pricing Agreements (APAs)
The APA Scheme was introduced in the Income-tax Act in 2012 to provide a predictable and non-
adversarial tax regime and to reduce litigation in case of transfer pricing. The Rollback provisions
were introduced in 2014. The scheme aims to provide certainty to taxpayers in the domain of
transfer pricing by specifying the methods of pricing and setting the prices of international
transactions in advance.
Benefits
Boost to economy and ease of doing business.
Strengthen Governments mission of fostering a non-adversarial tax regime.
Introduces certainty in tax law by reducing compliance costs and make tax regime investment
friendly.
Provides certainty to taxpayers regarding transfer pricing to avoid disputes between taxpayer
and tax regulator.
FIPB clears 6 FDI proposals worth Rs 1,200 crore
December 30, 2016
The Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB) has approved six Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
proposals worth Rs 1,200 crore. Decision in this regard was taken by FIPB meeting headed by
Economic Affairs Secretary Shaktikanta Das.
It has approved the proposals of, Star Den Media Services, Sanofi Synthelabo India, Idea Cellular
Infrastructure Services, Menarini India, Boehringer Ingelheim India and Recipharm Participation.
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Background
India allows FDI in most sectors through the automatic route, but in certain segments considered
sensitive for the economy and security, then those proposals first have to be cleared by FIPB. The
Union Government has taken a slew of measures in the recent past to boost foreign direct
investment into the country. The FDI in the country has grown to $40 billion in the financial year
2015-16 as against $30.94 billion in the previous FY 2014-15.
About Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB)
The FIPB is inter-ministerial body that offers a single window clearance for applications on Foreign
Direct Investment (FDI) that are under the approval route. The finance secretary is the chairman of
the FIPB. It is housed in the Department of Economic Affairs, Union Ministry of Finance. Presently,
FDI proposals up to 3,000 crore rupees are cleared by the FIPB. However, those proposals involving
FDI of more than 3,000 crore rupees are given final clearance by the Cabinet Committee on
Economic Affairs (CCEA).
Colombia passes FARC amnesty law
December 30, 2016
Colombias Congress passed a law granting amnesty to Marxist FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces
of Colombia) rebels as part of historic peace deal reached between rebels and Government.
The Senate passed the bill 69-0 votes after the House of Representatives approved it by 121-0 votes.
This is another step to formally end to 52 years of Columbian civil war (Latin Americas longest
conflict).
The law grants special legal treatment, amnesty and pardons to members of the FARC accused of
political and related crimes. It does not apply to FARC rebels accused of offenses such as war crimes,
rape, torture and extrajudicial killings.
Background
The amnesty bill was part of a renegotiated peace pact signed between Government and rebels on
November 24, 2016 to end the conflict after nearly four years of negotiations. They had renegotiated
the peace deal after voters rejected an earlier peace deal (signed in September 2016) by a narrow
margin in the referendum held in October 2016. The Colombian Government had decided to ratify
the amnesty bill in Congress rather than risk a second referendum.
About Colombian Civil War
Colombia civil war is one of the longest civil wars in modern times and was the sole remaining
armed conflict in the South (Latin) America. The five decade long civil war has killed more than
2,60,000 people and internally displaced close to seven million people. It was started in the 1960s as a
rural uprising for land rights by FARC as communist-inspired guerrilla movement inspired by
Cuban Revolution. The main aim of FARC was to reduce the gulf dividing rich and poor and land
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reform for equality in the Andean country. Over the decades, the conflict has drawn in various leftist
rebel groups, drug gangs and right-wing paramilitaries. However in recent times, the FARC had
shifted from their original ideology and were active in illegal drug trade, kidnapping and extortion
activities.
President gives assent to Payment of Wages (Amendment) Ordinance, 2016
December 30, 2016
President Pranab Mukherjee has given assent to Payment of Wages (Amendment) Ordinance, 2016,
to enable industries to pay wages by cheque or credit into the bank accounts of workers.
The ordinance amends the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 to encourage cashless transactions. With
this assent the ordinance becomes law as per article 123 of the Constitution.
Key Provisions of Ordinance
Allows industries to pay wages to workers earning up to Rs. 18,000 per month, without
taking their explicit consent as required under present Act.
Empowers the Union and State governments to specify industries or establishments where
wage payments can be made mandatory through banks.
However, it is not mandatory for employers to make wage payments through the banking
system and they can still pay in cash.
Background
The Union Government had decided to take the ordinance route because after demonetisation of the
Rs. 500 and Rs. 1,000 banknotes in November 2016 had led to a cash crunch, and employers were
finding it tough to pay workers in cash. The Payment of Wages (Amendment) Bill, 2016, introduced
in Parliament was also not able get passed during winter session of the Parliament.
Article 123 of Constitution: It gives legislative power to President. He can issue ordinances when
Parliament is not in session (i.e. recess) if there is urgent need to have a law on some urgent public
matter. The promulgated ordinance has similar effect to an act of parliament. However, every
ordinance must be laid and approved by both houses of the parliament within 6 weeks from the
reassembling. If not placed and approved by both houses of the parliament after reassembling it
lapses or becomes invalid.
Government proposes setting up Financial Data Management Centre
December 30, 2016
The Union Government has proposed setting up Financial Data Management Centre (FDMC) based
on recommendation of a committee set up under the Department of Economic Affairs (DEC).
The Committee was headed by Ajay Tyagi, Additional Secretary in Union Finance Ministry and has
submitted its report and a draft bill titled The Financial Data Management Centre Bill, 2016.
Functions of FDMC
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Standardise data from all financial sector regulators in a single database and provide analytical
insights based on the data to ensure stability in the economy.
Take measures to standardise data from regulators, enable financial service providers to
submit data in a standardised electronic format, analyse data and maintain a financial system
database.
Establish, operate and maintain the financial system database along with collecting financial
regulatory data and providing access to it.
Provide analytical support to the Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC) on
issues relating to financial stability.
Background
In 2015, FSDC first had suggested the creation of such a body, after Reserve Bank of India (RBI) had
objected to share company-specific data with FSDC. RBI had given reason that FSDC is not a
statutory bod in nature, and sharing such data would be a breach of confidentiality. To resolve this
issue, Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley in his 2016-17 Budget Speech announced setting up of
statutory FDMC under the aegis of the FSDC to facilitate integrated data aggregation and analysis in
the financial sector.
Government meets PMUY target of 1.5 crore LPG connections
December 30, 2016
The Union Ministry for Petroleum & Natural Gas has met the 1.5-crore target for LPG connections
that were to be added under the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) in the 2016-17
financial year.
This Target was achieved within a span of less than eight months since the launch of the scheme
which is implemented across 35 States/UTs.
Key Facts
Since the launch of the PMUY, the LPG coverage across the country has increased to 70% as
of December 1, 2016 from earlier 61% as of January 1, 2016.
Top five States with highest number of LPG connections are: Uttar Pradesh (46 lakh),
West Bengal (19 lakh), Bihar (19 lakh), Madhya Pradesh (17 lakh) and Rajasthan (14 lakh).
These states constitute nearly 75% of the total connections released.
14 States/UTs with LPG coverage less than the national average. They are J&K,
Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and all North-East States. They have been identified as
priority States for implementing PMUY.
The households belonging to SC/ST constitute the large chunk of beneficiaries of this scheme
with 35% of the connections being released to them.
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About Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY)

The scheme provides free LPG connection with financial assistance of Rs. 1600/- per
connection to an adult woman member of BPL family identified through Socio-Economic
Caste Census (SECC) data.
It was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in May 2016 from Balia, Uttar Pradesh.
PMUY is the first welfare scheme being implemented by the Union Ministry of Petroleum and
Natural Gas.
The tagline of scheme is Swachh Indhan, Behtar Jeevan. It seeks to empower women and
protect their health by shifting them from traditional cooking based on unclean cooking fuels
or fossil fuels to clean cooking gas.
It is being implemented over three years time frame i.e. in the FY 2016-17, 2017-18 and
2018-19 with budgetary allocation of allocated Rs, 8,000 crore announced in the Union
Budget 2016.
Government constitutes committee to review institutionalisation of arbitration mechanism
in India
December 30, 2016
The Union Ministry of Law and Justice has constituted a High Level Committee (HLC) to review
institutionalisation of arbitration mechanism in India.
The committee will be headed by Justice B N Srikrishna, the retired Judge of Supreme Court. It
will look into various factors to accelerate arbitration mechanism and strengthen the arbitration
ecosystem in the country.
It will also examine specific issues and prepare roadmap required to make India a robust centre for
international and domestic arbitration.
Terms of reference of HLC
Analyze and review effectiveness of present arbitration mechanism in the country.
Review facilities, funding, resources and manpower of existing Alternative Dispute
Resolution (ADR) institutions.
Review working of the institutions funded by the Central Government for arbitration
purposes.
Assess skill gaps in ADR and allied institutions for both national and international
arbitration.
Evaluate efficacy and information outreach of existing legal framework for arbitration.
Identify amendments in laws that are needed to encourage International Commercial
Arbitration (ICA).
Devise an action plan for implementation of the law to ensure speedier arbitrations.
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Advise empanelment of national and international arbitrators for time bound arbitral
proceedings.
Suggest road map for further strengthening of R&D impacting the domain.
Enlist requisite steps for augmenting skill sets and professional manpower buildup for the
sector.
Recommend measures to make arbitration more widely available in curricula and study
materials.
Present Status
The Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Act, 2015 envisages quick enforcement of contracts,
easy recovery of monetary claims, reduce pendency of cases in courts. It also seeks to hasten process
of dispute resolution through arbitration, encourage foreign investment by projecting India as an
investor friendly country having a sound legal framework and ease of doing business in India.
PM Narendra Modi launches UPI based mobile payment app called BHIM
December 30, 2016
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched UPI based mobile payment application called BHIM
(Bharat Interface for Money) at the Digi Dhan Mela held in Talkatora stadium, New Delhi,
The app is rebranded version of UPI (Unified Payment Interface) and USSD (Unstructured
Supplementary Service Data) for simpler digital payments without cash.
Key Facts
BHIM is Aadhaar-based payments app developed by the National Payment Corporation of
India (NPCI).
The app allows easily transferring money or making a payment from your bank account using
only phone number. It can work even on basic phones as it supports USSD payments.
It has mobile wallet facility in which money can be loaded. Using it anyone can directly
connect their phone to bank account like a debit card.
The app also allows user to scan a QR code. The merchant can also generate his QR code
through the app. Payment can be done through scanning QR code.
Merchants can also use the BHIM app to receive money from a smartphone or Aadhaar Pay if
customer has linked a bank account and Aadhaar ID.
Payments through this app are happening directly from and to bank accounts, so merchants
dont have to worry about transferring wallet earnings to the bank account.
All major UPI connected Indian banks accepts money through BHIM app. Even banks not
connected to UPI can receive money through BHIM through IFSC assigned to banks.
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RBI extends period of enhanced Prepaid Payment Instruments limit

December 31, 2016
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has extended the period of enhanced Prepaid Payment Instruments
(PPI) limit of Rs 20,000 as part of efforts to promote digital payments. The limit has been extended
till the completion of review of the PPI guidelines.
However, the balance in such PPIs cannot exceed Rs 20,000 at any point of time and the merchants
can transfer funds from such PPIs to their own linked bank accounts up to Rs 50,000 per month,
without any limit per transaction.
About PPI
PPIs are methods that facilitate purchase of goods and services against the value stored on such
prepaid instruments. These instruments can be issued as online wallets, mobile accounts, mobile
wallets, smart cards, magnetic stripe cards, internet accounts, paper vouchers and any such
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instruments used to access the prepaid amount. The value stored on such instruments represents the
value paid for by the holder, by debit, by cash to a bank account or by credit card.At present, 47 non-
bank entities and 45 banks are operating payment systems for PPI.
CBDT extends deadline of Direct Tax Dispute Resolution Scheme
December 31, 2016
The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has extended the last date for availing the Direct Tax
Dispute Resolution Scheme to January 31, 2017 from the earlier deadline of December 31, 2016.
This extension aims to give companies one more month to accept its offer to settle retro tax disputes
with Government. It comes against the backdrop of tepid response from companies to the scheme.
About Direct Tax Dispute Resolution Scheme
The scheme was announced by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley in the 2016-17 Budget and
came into force on June 1, 2016.
It provides for waiving interest and penalties if the principal amount involved in
retrospective tax cases is paid. It aims at releasing about Rs. 5.16 lakh crore, which is locked in
about 2.6 lakh pending direct tax cases.
Under it, a disputed tax amount of up to Rs 10 lakh and the penalty will be forgone. However,
in cases where the disputed tax amount is above Rs 10 lakh, a penalty of 25% will be levied.
It waives of the interest and penalty for retrospective tax cases only if the company in
question withdraws all appeals against the government at all judicial forums.
Through the scheme, the government hopes to settle major retrospective tax cases facing
Cairn Energy of UK and Vodafone Group. It also expects a third of the other tax disputes to
be settled.
CSL completes delivery of 20 FPVs to India Coast Guard
December 31, 2016
The Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) has delivered ICGS AYUSH, the 20th Fast Patrol Vessel (FPV)
to the Indian Coast Guard. With this, CSL has completed construction of 20 FPVs for the Indian
Coast Guard.
ICGS Ayush will be operated from the Coast Guard Station at Krishnapatanam. It is last in the series
(CSL Yard No BY 520) and was delivered three months ahead of schedule.
Background
Cochin Shipyard Limited was awarded the contract of constructing 20 FPVs in October 2010. CSL
had delivered the first vessel in September 2013 and subsequently delivered vessels at about two
months interval. CSL started delivering vessels ahead of schedule from the 13th vessel onwards.
These vessels are 50 metre length and 7.6 metre beam. They are small in size compared to the large
vessels that CSL had been building.
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Fast Patrol Vessels (FPVs)

The FPVs will help to secure Indian waters by patrolling within Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ),
coastal patrol. They will be used to carry out anti-smuggling, anti-piracy, search and rescue
operations and for fisheries protection and monitoring. They will also play a secondary role of
providing a communication link and escort coastal convoys in times of hostilities and war.
India and Singapore ink 3rd Protocol for amending DTAA
December 31, 2016
India and Singapore have signed a Third Protocol to amend DTAA (Double Taxation Avoidance
Agreement) for the avoidance of double taxation and prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to
taxes on income.
It was signed in line with Indias treaty policy to prevent double non-taxation, curb revenue loss and
check the menace of black money through automatic exchange of information.
Key Facts
The Third Protocol amends DTAA to provide for source based taxation of capital gains
arising on transfer of shares in a company.
It will come into effect from April 1, 2017 to provide for source based taxation of capital gains
arising on transfer of shares in a company.
It also inserts provisions to facilitate relieving of economic double taxation in transfer pricing
cases. It also enables application of domestic law and measures concerning prevention of tax
avoidance or tax evasion.
This is a taxpayer friendly measure and is in line with Indias commitments under Base
Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Action Plan to meet minimum standard of providing
MAP access in transfer pricing cases.
Two year transition period from April 1, 2017 to March 31, 2019 has been provided during
which capital gains on shares will be taxed in source country at half of normal tax rate.
Compendium of Multiple Choice Questions
Below 240 Questions were published in GKTodays Current Aairs Quiz Section from December 1
to December 31, 2016.
1. Which portal has been launched by Ministry of Women and Child Development to register online
complaints of child sexual abuse?
[A]POCSO e-BOX
[B]POCSO m-BOX
[C]POCSO c-BOX
[D]POCSO m-BOX
Answer:POCSO e-BOX
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Explanation:
The Union government launched a Protection of Children from Sexual Oences (POCSO) e-box
BOX in August 2016 for easy and condential registration of complaints regarding sexual
oence against children. This information has recently given by the Minister of State in the
Ministry of Women and Child Development, Krishna Raj in the Rajya Sabha.
2. What is the Indias rank in the 2016 Enabling Trade Index (ETI) of World Economic Forum
(WEF)?
[A]112th
[B]102nd
[C]93rd
[D]116th
Answer:102nd
Explanation:
India has been ranked 102nd among 136 nations in the 2016 Enabling Trade Index (ETI), as per
recently published Global Enabling Trade Report 2016 of World Economic Forum (WEF) and the
Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation. The list is topped by Singapore followed by the Netherlands,
Hong Kong SAR, Luxembourg and Sweden. The index assesses the extent to which economies
have in place the factors facilitating the free ow of goods over borders and to their destinations.
It takes into consideration various factors, including domestic and foreign market access, border
administration, transport and digital infrastructure and operating environment.
3. India has recently signed deal for 145 M777 ultra-light howitzers guns with which country?
[A]Russia
[B]Japan
[C]Brazil
[D]United States
Answer:United States
Explanation:
India has recently signed Rs. 5,000 crore deal for 145 M777 ultra-light howitzers guns with the
United States, which will be deployed in high-altitude areas in Arunachal Pradesh and Ladakh,
bordering China. The purchase of guns will be Indias rst deal for artillery guns since the Bofors
scandal in 1980s. The deal was inked at the 2-day meeting of the 15th India-US Military
Cooperation Group (MCG) held in New Delhi.
4. Who has become the first woman President of the All India Tennis Association (AITA)?
[A]Hironmoy Chatterjee
[B]Chintan Parikh
[C]Aneil Mahajan
[D]Praveen Mahajan
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Answer:Praveen Mahajan
Explanation:
Praveen Mahajan, a former IRS ocer, has became the rst woman President of the All India
Tennis Association (AITA). She succeeded Anil Khanna. Prior to this appointment, Mahajan was
the rst woman chief of the Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC) and was posted in
Jodhpur as administrative member of the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT).
5. The Raising Day of Border Security Force (BSF) is celebrated on which day in India?
[A]December 3
[B]December 2
[C]December 1
[D]December 4
Answer:December 1
Explanation:
The Border Security Force (BSF) has recently celebrated its 51st anniversary of Raising Day on
December 1, 2016. In 2016 (till date), BSF troops of Punjab Frontier have maintained excellent
alertness and have seized over 219 Kgs heroin, 12 weapons, interdicted six Pak smugglers, two
Indian smugglers and apprehended one Pak National and ve Bangladeshi Nationals. BSF, the
biggest border guarding force in the world, came into existence on December 1, 1965. It is
deployed on Indo-Pakistan International Border, Indo-Bangladesh International Border, Line of
Control along with Indian Army and in Anti-Naxal Operations.
6. Which international organisation has inscribed Yoga in the representative list of Intangible
Cultural Heritage of Humanity?
[A]UNIDO
[B]UNICEF
[C]UNISDR
[D]UNESCO
Answer:UNESCO
Explanation:
Indias one of the ancient practices Yoga has been inscribed as an element in the UNESCOs list
of Intangible Cultural Heritage of humanity during the 11th session of the Intergovernmental
Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
With this, Yoga has become the 13th intangible cultural heritage that has been listed from India
so far with UNESCO. Previous ones includes Chhau dance,Buddhist chanting of Ladakh,
Sankirtana-the ritual singing, drumming, and dancing of Manipur, the traditional brass and
copper craft of utensil making among the Thatheras of Jandiala Guru, Punjab and Ramlila- the
traditional performance of the Ramayana.
7. Where is the headquarters of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)?

[A]Pune
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[B]New Delhi
[C]Kolkata
[D]Bangaluru
Answer:New Delhi
Explanation:
The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) is the apex body in India for the formulation,
coordination and promotion of biomedical research. It is in news because ICMR has recently
signed a MoU with Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) for cooperation in the area of
zoonoses, anti-microbial resistance, nutrition and pesticide residues. This MoU will strengthen
the ties between the two organizations and energize environment of mutual cooperation and
collaboration. The headquarters of ICMR is located in New Delhi.
8. The 2016 India International Science Festival (IISF) will be held in which city?
[A]Bangaluru
[B]New Delhi
[C]Kochi
[D]Pune
Answer:New Delhi
Explanation:
The 2016 India International Science festival (IISF) will be held in New Delhi from December 7 to
11, 2016. The festival is being organized by ministries of Science and Technology and Earth
Sciences in collaboration with Vijnana Bharati (VIBHA). The theme of the science festival is
Science for the masses. Approx 5000 young Indian scientists will showcase their scientic work
to the public during the festival.
9. The 2016 Tripitak Sutrapath Mahotasava has started in which state of India?
[A]Assam
[B]Nagaland
[C]Bihar
[D]Odisha
Answer:Bihar
Explanation:
The 10-days Tripitak Sutrapath Mahotasava has started at Bodhgaya in Bihar. Over three
thousand monks of various Buddhist countries are participating in this mahotasava. In this fest,
monks would pay special oer to Lord Buddha. There will be special prayer for world peace.
10. Makkal Pavalar Inkulab, who passed away recently, was the legendary poet of which language?
[A]Telugu
[B]Odia
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[C]Tamil
[D]Malayalam
Answer:Tamil
Explanation:
Makkal Pavalar Inkulab, the legendary Tamil poet and activist, has recently passed away at
Urappakkam in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. He was known for his poems like Naanga Manushangada,
Kanmani Rajam, etc. His drama Avvai is considered to be the rst modern Tamil drama and a
prescribed textbook for many colleges.
11. Who has won the 2016 International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) male Athlete
of the Year award?
[A]Usain Bolt
[B]Wayde van Niekerk
[C]Mo Farah
[D]Elaine Thompson
Answer:Usain Bolt
Explanation:
A 9-time Olympic gold medallist, Usain Bolt from Jamaica has won the International Association
of Athletics Federations (IAAF) male Athlete of the Year award for a record sixth time. Beside
him, Ethiopias Almaz Ayana, who broke the 10,000m world record by over 14 seconds in winning
Olympic gold in 2016 Rio Olympics, won the 2016 IAAF female Athlete of the Year award.The
awards were handed out by IAAF at a gala ceremony in Monaco.
12. The National Pollution Control Day (NPCD) is observed on which date in India?
[A]December 3
[B]December 4
[C]December 2
[D]December 5
Answer:December 2
Explanation:
The National Pollution Control Day (NPCD) is celebrated every year on December 2 in India with
an aim to make aware the people and industries about the need of Pollution Control Acts. This
day is observed in the memory of those who lost their lives in 1984 due to the Bhopal gas
tragedy and who were left severely aected due to leakage of poisonous gas Methyl Isocyanate
(MIC) from Union Carbide plant in Bhopal. This catastrophe was the worst in the worlds
industrial history and people there still continue to witness physical and mental disabilities.
13. Phulel Singh Sujlana, who passed away recently, was the former international umpire of which
sports?
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[A]Cricket
[B]Boxing
[C]Hockey
[D]Badminton
Answer:Hockey
Explanation:
Phulel Singh Sujlana, the former international hockey umpire and veteran administrator, has
recently passed away, according to Mumbai Hockey Association Limited. Sujlana was the
chairman of the Indian Hockey Federation (IHF) Umpires Board from 1985 to 1993 and chairman
of its Technical Committee in 1985.
14. Who has been appointed as the interim Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the National Stock
Exchange of India (NSE)?
[A]T P Paul
[B]J Ravichandran
[C]L S Khan
[D]S S Nadkarni
Answer:J Ravichandran
Explanation:
J Ravichandran has been appointed as the interim Chief Executive Ocer (CEO) of the National
Stock Exchange of India (NSE). He will be in charge till the NSE board appoints a new CEO.
Ravichandran succeeded Chitra Ramkrishna, who quit the post due to personal reasons.
15. Which Indian city has bagged the C40 Award for best solid waste management improvement
project of 2016?
[A]New Delhi
[B]Kolkata
[C]Mumbai
[D]Chennai
Answer:Kolkata
Explanation:
Kolkata has been bagged the C40 Award for best solid waste management improvement project
of 2016 during the C40 Mayors Summit held in Mexico City. The Kolkata Solid Waste
Management Improvement Project has achieved 60-80% segregation of waste at its source. The
project aims to eradicate open dumping and burning of waste and to limit the concentration of
methane gas generated in landll sites. Kolkata is the only Indian city to receive the prestigious
award. The C40 Cities Awards recognise the best and boldest work being done by mayors to ght
climate change and protect people from risks.
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16. What is the theme of the 2016 International Day of Persons with Disabilities?
[A]Achieving 17 goals for the future we want
[B]E-accessibility
[C]Nothing about us without us
[D]Decent work for persons with disabilities
Answer:Achieving 17 goals for the future we want
Explanation:
The International Day of Persons with Disabilities is observed every year on December 3 to
promote an understanding of disability issues and mobilize support for the dignity, rights and
well-being of persons with disabilities since 1992. It also seeks to increase awareness of gains to
be derived from the integration of persons with disabilities inevery aspect of political, social,
economic and cultural life. The 2016 theme is Achieving 17 Goals for the Future We Want. This
theme notes the recent adoption of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the role
of these goals in building a more inclusive and equitable world for persons with disabilities. It has
been celebrated with varying degrees of success around the planet.
17. Who has won the 2016 International Childrens Peace Prize?
[A]Om Prakash Gurjar
[B]Kehkashan Basu
[C]Neha Gupta
[D]Abraham M Keita
Answer:Kehkashan Basu
Explanation:
Kehkashan Basu, a UAE-based Indian environmental activist, has won the 2016 prestigious
International Childrens Peace Prize for her ght for climate justice and combating environmental
degradation. Kehkashan, based in the UAE was presented the award by Bangladeshs Nobel
peace laureate Mohammad Yunus at a ceremony in The Hague, Netherlands. The International
Childrens Peace Prize is an initiative of Marc Dullaert, Chairman and Founder of the Dutch Kids
Rights Foundation, and is awarded annually to a child, anywhere in the world, for his or her
dedication to childrens rights.
18. What is the theme of 2016 Heart of Asia (HoA) ministerial conference?
[A]Addressing challenges, achieving prosperity
[B]E-connectivity for prosperity
[C]Peace: Priority for all
[D]Connect world with harmony
Answer:Addressing challenges, achieving prosperity
Explanation:
The 6th Heart of Asia (HoA) ministerial conference has started at Amritsar in Punjab on
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December 42016 with focus on tackling terror in region. The conference will discuss peace,
cooperation and economic development in Afghanistan. The main conference has been
inaugurated jointly by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Afghan President Ashraf Ghani.The
Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley will lead the Indian delegation. The delegates from nearly 40
countries will participate in the conference including India, China, Russia, Iran and Pakistan and
representatives of 17 supporting nations were deliberating on a vast range of issues facing the
region.The theme of the conference is Addressing Challenges, Achieving Prosperity.
19. Who has been appointed as the new interim director of Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)?
[A]R K Raghavan
[B]R K Dutta
[C]Rakesh Asthana
[D]Anil Sinha
Answer:Rakesh Asthana
Explanation:
Rakesh Asthana, the 1984 batch IPS ocer of Gujarat-cadre, has been appointed as the interim
Director of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). He succeeded Anil Kumar Sinha. It is the
rst time in last 10 years that no new CBI chief has been named to succeed the current chief.
The CBI chief is selected through a collegium comprising the Prime Minister, the Leader of
Opposition or largest party in opposition in Lok Sabha and the Chief Justice of India. The
collegium has not been able to meet.
20. Bekal Utsahi, who passed away recently, was the renowned Urdu poet of which state?
[A]Uttar Pradesh
[B]Telangana
[C]Andhra Pradesh
[D]Madhya Pradesh
Answer:Uttar Pradesh
Explanation:
Bekal Utsahi, the renowned Urdu poet and former Rajya Sabha MP, has recently passed away in
New Delhi. He was native of Balrampur, Uttar Pradesh. Utsahi was best known for his soulful and
patriotic Geet, a form of poetic rendition popular both in Hindi and Urdu.
21. Which country team has won the 2016 Womens Twenty20 Asia Cup cricket tournament?
[A]Pakistan
[B]India
[C]Nepal
[D]Bangladesh
Answer:India
Explanation:
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The Indian Womens cricket team has won the 2016 Womens Twenty20 Asia Cup cricket
tournament by defeating arch-rivals Pakistan by 17 runs in the nal at Bangkok, Thailand. With
this win, India won their 6th Asia Cup crown.
22. The 2016 World Ayurveda Congress has held in which city of India?
[A]Bengaluru
[B]Kolkata
[C]Jaipur
[D]Bhopal
Answer:Kolkata
Explanation:
The 7th World Ayurveda Congress (WAC) has been held at Science City in Kolkata, West Bengal
from December 1, 2016, The mega event is organized by the World Ayurveda Foundation with
support of Ministry of AYUSH and the State Government of West Bengal. The focus of WAC is
Strengthening the Ayurveda Ecosystem. The major components of the program are public
outreach session comprising of the Ayurveda Expo, the Ayurveda clinics for the general public
and public lectures. To facilitate development and growth of AYUSH system of medicine, the
Ministry of AYUSH has also organized AROGYA Expo from 1st-4th December, 2016 at Science
City, Kolkata to coincide with the 7th WAC.
23. Who has won the 2016 Miss Supranational crown?

[A]Ornella Mariam
[B]Korinna Kocsis
[C]Srinidhi Shetty
[D]Valeria Vespoli
Answer:Srinidhi Shetty
Explanation:
Srinidhi Shetty of India has won the 8th edition of Miss Supranational 2016 at the beauty pageant
held at the Municipal Sports and Recreation Center of Krynica-Zdroj in Poland.
24. The first-ever International Gita Mahotsav will be held in which state of India?
[A]Assam
[B]Uttar Pradesh
[C]Punjab
[D]Haryana
Answer:Haryana
Explanation:
The rst-ever International Gita Mahotsav will be held in Kurukshetra, Haryana on December 6,
2016. President Pranab Mukherjee will inaugurate the Mahotsav and will also lay the foundation
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stone of Krishna circuit on the occasion. In a 5-day mega event, many spiritual leaders from
dierent religions, scholars and artists from various countries will participate. The Mahotsav will
set a world record with the recitation of Ashtadash Shaloki Gita by as many as 18 thousand
students at one go. During Mahotsav, youths from 574 districts of the country will reach
Kurukshetra, showcasing one Shloka each scripted on their traditional dresses.
25. Which famous personality has won the online readers poll for TIME magazines Person of the
Year 2016?
[A]Narendra Modi
[B]Vladimir Putin
[C]Barack Obama
[D]Donald Trump
Answer:Narendra Modi
Explanation:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has won the online readers poll for TIME magazines Person of the
Year 2016 with 18% of the vote. Though, TIME Magazines Person Of The Year will be announced
on December 7 and is selected by TIME Magazine editors.
26. How much amount per district will be provided by NITI Aayog to encourage digital payment
system?
[A]Rs. 10 lakh
[B]Rs. 8 lakh
[C]Rs. 5 lakh
[D]Rs. 12 lakh
Answer:Rs. 5 lakh
Explanation:
NITI Aayog will provide Rs. 5 lakh for every district in India to encourage digital payment system.
For availing the incentive, the district collector, commissioner or magistrates would have ensure
that individuals transiting to digital payment mode should do at least two successful transactions
by any of the ve methods. These ve modes are unied payment interface (UPI), Unstructured
Supplementary Service Data (USSD), Aadhaar Enabled Payments, e-wallets and Rupay
debit/credit/prepaid cards. The top ten best performing districts of India will be awarded the
Digital Payment Champions of India Award by NITI Aayog/Government of India. Similarly, the 50
Panchayats which go cashless will be awarded Digital Payament Award of Honour.
27. Stanpan Suraksha app has been launched by which union ministry to promote breastfeeding?
[A]Ministry of Home Affairs
[B]Ministry of Panchayati Raj
[C]Ministry of Tribal Affairs
[D]Ministry of Women and Child Development
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Answer:Ministry of Tribal Affairs

Explanation:
The rst-of-its-kind app, Stanpan Suraksha has been launched by Union Tribal Aairs Minister
Jual Oram to promote breastfeeding. The mobile app has been developed by the Breastfeeding
Promotion Network of India (BPNI). The app has a baby food promotion reporting mechanism
where any person can click a photograph of inappropriate promotion around them of baby food
and related equipment and send it to BPNI. The BPNI will document and analyse the reports and
follow up with required action. This feature will empower people to keep check on the baby food
industry.
28. The book The Walking Dead: A Continuing Story of Survival Horror has been authored by
whom?
[A]Tim Moon
[B]Robert Kirkman
[C]Bobby Adair
[D]Jim Demonakos
Answer:Robert Kirkman
Explanation:
The black & white comic book The Walking Dead: A Continuing Story of Survival Horror has
been authored by Robert Kirkman. It is a compilation of stories that expand on the story that is
well known to any zombie movie fan.
29. Exercise Konkan 16 the annual bilateral maritime exercise between Indian Navy and the Royal
Navy has started in which city?
[A]Guwahati
[B]Kochi
[C]Mumbai
[D]Ahmedabad
Answer:Mumbai
Explanation:
The annual bilateral maritime exercise KONKAN 16 has started between the Indian Navy and
the Royal Navy from Dec 05, 2016 at Mumbai and will continue till December 16, 2016. The
exercise will be conducted in two phases at Mumbai and Goa. The rst phase, to be held from 05
09 Dec 16, would be a Command Planning exercise involving the two navies, where planners
from both sides will undertake planning for combined maritime operations. The second phase is
a LIVE EXERCISE (LIVEX), to be held from 12-16 Dec 2016 at Goa, which involves interaction
between the IN Marine Commandos (MARCOs) and the Royal Marines.
30. What is theme of International Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition Petrotech-2016?
[A]Hydrocarbons to fuel the future Preferences and Challenges
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[B]Hydrocarbons to fuel the future Choices and Challenges

[C]Hydrocarbons to fuel the future Prediction and Challenges
[D]Hydrocarbons to fuel the future Options and Challenges
Answer:Hydrocarbons to fuel the future Choices and Challenges
Explanation:
The 12th edition of International Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition Petrotech-2016 has
started at Pragati Maidan in New Delhi on December 5. The 2016 theme is Hydrocarbons to fuel
the future Choices and Challenges. The purpose of the global event is to bring Energy
Ministers, industry leaders, professionals, academicians and domain experts from the energy
sector on a common platform. It is a biennial platform for national and international experts in
the oil & gas industry to exchange views and share knowledge, expertise and experiences. The
3-day mega event will see participation of six thousand delegates from 68 countries, including
technologists, scientists, planners and policy-makers, management experts and service-
providers.
31. Who is the newly elected President of the Uzbekistan?

[A]Shavkat Mirziyoyev
[B]Narimon Umarov
[C]Khotamjon Ketmonov
[D]Islam Karimov
Answer:Shavkat Mirziyoyev
Explanation:
Shavkat Mirziyoyev, the acting President of Uzbekistan, has become the new President of
Uzbekistan after winning the rst presidential election since the death of authoritarian leader
and President Islam Karimov in September 2016. Mirziyoyev worked as prime minister under
President Karimov since 2003 until the leaders death in September 2016.
32. What is the theme of 2016 United Nations (UN) International Volunteer Day (IVD)?
[A]Zero Hunger
[B]Global Applause give volunteers a hand
[C]Global active volunteers for peace
[D]Your world is changing
Answer:Global Applause give volunteers a hand
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN) International Volunteer Day (IVD) is observed every year on December
5 to recognise the volunteers worldwide and their eorts in making peace and sustainable
development a reality. The 2016 theme is Global Applause give volunteers a hand.
33. Mukesh Kumar is associated with which sports?

[A]Chess
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[B]Swimming
[C]Wushu
[D]Golf
Answer:Golf
Explanation:
Indian Golfer Mukesh Kumar has won the 2016 Panasonic Open India golf title at Delhi Golf Club
(DGC). With this win, he became the oldest golfer to win an Asian Tour title at the age of 51
years and 126 days.
34. Who has been named as the Asian of the Year 2016?
[A]Sachin Bansal
[B]Ratan Tata
[C]Mukesh Ambani
[D]Sunil Mittal
Answer:Sachin Bansal
Explanation:
Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal, founders of Flipkart, have been jointly named as the Asian of
the Year 2016 by Singapore-based newspaper The Straits Times as part of a group called the
The Disruptors. The Asian of the Year 2016 award recognises entrepreneurs operating at the
frontiers of technologys interface with business who have launched companies that have
disrupted traditional business model for the benet of end consumers.
35. The 5th edition of International Energy Forum (IEF)-IGU Ministerial Forum has been started in
which city?
[A]New Delhi
[B]Pune
[C]Chennai
[D]Bangaluru
Answer:New Delhi
Explanation:
The 5th edition of International Energy Forum (IEF)- International Gas Union (IGU) Ministerial
Forum has been inaugurated by Dharmendra Pradhan, the Minister of State (I/C) for Petroleum
and Natural Gas, in New Delhi. The Ministerial forum is being held as a parallel event to the 3-day
Petrotech-2016.
36. The Winter Fog Experiment (WIFEX) 2016-17 campaign has been launched by which union
ministry?
[A]Ministry of Urban Development
[B]Ministry of Earth Sciences
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[C]Ministry of Road Transport and Highways

[D]Ministry of Science and Technology
Answer:Ministry of Earth Sciences
Explanation:
The Winter Fog Experiment (WIFEX) 2016-17 has been inaugurated by the Ministry of Earth
Sciences (MoES) at the Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA), New Delhi.The forecast of the
fog from the WIFEX model will be made operational for winter 2017-18. The aim of the
observational campaign is to achieve the better understanding of the fog life cycle and improve
capability in fog prediction.
37. What is the theme of 2016 World Soil Day?

[A]Soils, crystallizes life
[B]Soils, a solid ground for life
[C]Soils and pulses, a symbiosis for life
[D]Soil day for future life
Answer:Soils and pulses, a symbiosis for life
Explanation:
The World Soil Day 2016 is observed every year on December 5 to connect people with soils and
raise awareness on their critical importance in our lives. The 2016 theme is Soils and pulses, a
symbiosis for life, which focuses on the positive contributions of pulses to soil properties, such
as xing the atmosphere nitrogen and improving its biodiversity, fertility and structure.
38. Who has been named as the new Prime Minister of France?
[A]Edith Cresson
[B]Laurent Fabius
[C]Bernard Cazeneuve
[D]Manuel Valls
Answer:Bernard Cazeneuve
Explanation:
Bernard Cazeneuve has been named as the new Prime Minister of France. He succeeded Manuel
Valls, who resigned in order to make a bid for the Presidency 2017. Cazeneuve will be in charge
of the Socialist government until Junes Parliamentary elections. He has played a key role in
managing Frances security since the terror attacks in Paris in 2015.
39. 2016 Indra NAVY naval exercise will be held between India and which country?
[A]Russia
[B]United States
[C]Japan
[D]China
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Answer:Russia
Explanation:
The 2016 Indra NAVY joint naval exercise will be held between India and Russia from December
14 to 21 in the south-eastern Indian coastal city of Visakhapatnam and in the Bay of Bengal. The
joint naval exercise will consist of two stages coastal and naval. The coastal part will be held on
December 14-18 in the city of Visakhapatnam, while the naval will take place in the Bay of
Bengal on December 19-21.
40. Who has been appointed as the new chief of the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA)?
[A]P V Ramesh Babu
[B]B S Bhullar
[C]Malini Shankar
[D]Vaduvendra Mathur
Answer:B S Bhullar
Explanation:
B.S. Bhullar, a 1986-batch IAS ocer of UP cadre, has been appointed chief of the Directorate
General of Civil Aviation (DGCA). Presently, Bhullar is posted as Additional Secretary in Civil
Aviation ministry. The post was lying vacant for the past over 4 months after M Sathiyavathy, the
rst woman chief of the aviation regulator, was named as new Union Labour Secretary in July
2016. The DGCA is responsible for implementing, controlling, and supervising airworthiness
standards, safety operations, crew training in India.
41. The Armed Forces Flag Day is celebrated on which day in India?
[A]December 7
[B]December 6
[C]December 8
[D]December 9
Answer:December 7
Explanation:
The Armed Forces Flag Day is celebrated annually in India on December 7 to honour the
sacrices of brave soldiers, airmen and sailors of India. The day is dedicated towards collection
of funds from people for the welfare of the Armed Forces personnel.
42. The 2016 India International Science festival (IISF) has started in which city?
[A]Pune
[B]New Delhi
[C]Kolkata
[D]Bengaluru
Answer:New Delhi
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Explanation:
The 2016 India International Science festival (IISF) has started at CSIR-National Physical
Laboratory (NPL) Campus in New Delhi from December 7 and will continue till 11th of this month.
The Ministry of Science and Technology and Earth Sciences has been organising India
International Science Festival in association with Vijnana Bharati (VIBHA) to promote the science
and technology developed by the Indian research labs and to inculcate the scientic temper
among masses. The theme of the science festival is Science for the masses. IISF-2016 is
expecting a large number of visitors (more than 5 lakh) from all walks of life to experience the
festival of science and to interact with Indian scientic community.
43. The Center of Excellence in Information Technology will be established by the Government of
India (GoI) in which country?
[A]Bhutan
[B]Morocco
[C]Egypt
[D]Greece
Answer:Egypt
Explanation:
The Government of India (GoI) will establish a Center of Excellence in Information Technology at
Egypts oldest and most prestigious Al-Azhar University. This was announced by Indian
Ambassador to Cairo, Sanjay Bhattacharyya, after meeting Grand Sheikh of Al-Azhar Ahmed el-
Tayeb in Cairo. The centre will be set up in the engineering department of the university early
next year, as part of an eort to enhance cooperation in education between the two countries.
44. Which is the most powerful language according to the 2016 World Power Language Index (PLI)?
[A]Mandarin
[B]English
[C]French
[D]Spanish
Answer:English
Explanation:
English has been ranked rst in the top 10 most powerful languages in the world according to
the 2016 World Power Language Index (PLI) published by World Economic Forum (WEF). It is the
dominant language of three G7 nations (USA, UK and Canada). The list is followed by Mandarin,
French and Spanish. An Indian language Hindi has been ranked 10th in the 2016 PLI. The index
measures the usefulness of a language to a representative human being and is not meant to
apply to any particular person with their own set of conditions, preferences and geography.
45. Which of the following has become the Indias first parliamentary constituency to have health
insurance for all?
[A]Warangal
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[B]Aurangabad
[C]Vijayawada
[D]Ratlam
Answer:Vijayawada
Explanation:
The Vijayawada Parliamentary constituency has become the Indias rst parliamentary
constituency to have health insurance for all from a new born to senior citizens. The constituency
consists of 265 villages in Andhra Pradesh.The Swastha Kutambham health insurance scheme
launched by Andhra Pradesh Government in association with Tata Trusts covers health for all in
the rural areas and was introduced recently in the villages under Vijayawada MP Constituency.
The health insurance will cover all the villagers for a year from December 1, 2016 to November
30, 2017.
46. Which Indian bank has been adjudged the Best Bank for SME Lending by Assocham?
[A]Punjab National Bank
[B]State Bank of India
[C]Vijaya Bank
[D]Bank of Baroda
Answer:Vijaya Bank
Explanation:
Vijaya Bank has been adjudged Best Bank for SME Lending by The Associate Chambers of
Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM) at the 4th SMEs Excellence Award function in New
Delhi.The Vijaya Bank oers a wide range of personalized and online banking services including
savings and current accounts, credit cards, debit cards, loans, mortgages, etc.
47. Srinivasa Iyer Ramaswamy, who recently passed away, was related to which field?
[A]Journalism
[B]Sports
[C]Marine Science
[D]Film Industry
Answer:Journalism
Explanation:
Srinivasa Iyer Ramaswamy (81), the noted political satirist and founder editor of Thuglak
magazine, has recently passed away in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. He was popularly known as Cho
Ramaswamy and was an advisor to former Tamil Nadu Chief Minister J Jayalalithaa.
48. Resourcesat-2A remote sensing satellite has been launched by which launch vehicle?
[A]PSLV-C33
[B]PSLV-C36
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[C]PSLV-C35
[D]PSLV-C37
Answer:PSLV-C36
Explanation:
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully launched the remote sensing
satellite Resource sat-2A into orbit by the PSLV C-36 launch vehicle at the Satish Dhawan
Space Centre (SDSC), Andhra Pradesh. The mission life of Resourcesat-2A is 5 years. The satellite
carries two Solid State Recorders with a capacity of 200 Giga Bits each to store the images taken
by its cameras which can be read out later to ground stations. These cameras will send clear and
specic pictures of areas where exactly the various resources are located at an in depth level.
The new satellite Resourcesat-2A is a follow on mission to Resourcesat-1 and 2. The
Resourcesat-2A intends to continue the remote sensing data services to global users provided by
the earlier two.
49. AP Purse mobile app has been launched by which state government to promote digital
transactions?
[A]Arunachal Pradesh
[B]Uttar Pradesh
[C]Andhra Pradesh
[D]Karnataka
Answer:Andhra Pradesh
Explanation:
The Andhra Pradesh Government has recently launched AP Purse mobile application to promote
digital transactions among the people in Vijayawada. The mobile app features 13 mobile banking
and 10 mobile wallet options. By using this application, people can pay their bills and carry out
their cashless transactions to solve the cash crunch problem in the state following demonitisaton
of high value old currency notes.
50. Who has been appointed as the new Chief Justice of India (CJI)?
[A]Jasti Chelameswar
[B]Dipak Misra
[C]Madan B Lokur
[D]Jagdish Singh Khehar
Answer:Jagdish Singh Khehar
Explanation:
Justice Jagdish Singh Khehar has been appointed as the 44th Chief Justice of India. He will be
sworn-in as the CJI on January 4, 2017. The current Chief Justice TS Thakur will hold on to the
oce till 3rd January, 2017. Justice Khehar will be the rst Sikh to hold the post of CJI and would
remain in oce from January 4, 2017 till August 4, 2017 i.e. till he attains the age of 65.
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51. Who has been named as the Time magazines Person of the Year 2016?
[A]Donald Trump
[B]Mark Zuckerberg
[C]Narendra Modi
[D]Hillary Clinton
Answer:Donald Trump
Explanation:
US President-elect Donald Trump has named by Time magazine as its Person of the Year 2016
for his stunning victory in the US Presidential election.
52. The 2016 India-Arab Partnership Conference will be held in which country?
[A]India
[B]Oman
[C]Turkey
[D]Iran
Answer:Oman
Explanation:
The 5th India-Arab Partnership Conference will be held in Muscat, Oman on December 14, 2016
with an objective to enhance the economic relations between India and Arab countries and
Oman. The 2-day conference is jointly organised by the Oman Foreign Ministry, Arab League
Secretariat and the Ministry of External Aairs of India. The theme of the conference is
Partnership towards innovation and cooperation in Information Technology. The conference will
have ministerial representation both from the Indian and Arab side. About 500 Arab and Indian
government ocials, academicians, businessmen and investors are likely to participate in the
conference.
53. The India-UK Conference on Ease of Doing Business has started in which of the following cities?
[A]Manchester
[B]Birmingham
[C]New Delhi
[D]London
Answer:New Delhi
Explanation:
The India-UK Conference on Ease of Doing Business has been jointly inaugurated by Secretary,
Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Ramesh Abhishek and British High Commissioner Dominic
Asquith in New Delhi. The 2-day conference will act as an opportunity to enhance the strategic
bilateral partnership between the two countries to the next level. The conference will bring
together ocials from state and central Government in India with UK experts. It will include
discussion on regulatory reform, inspection reform, tax administration and trade facilitation.
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54. Which city will host 2016 Laureates and Leaders summit for children?
[A]Pune
[B]Lucknow
[C]Bhopal
[D]New Delhi
Answer:New Delhi
Explanation:
The Laureates and Leaders Summit for Children will be hosted by President Pranab Mukherjee
at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi from December 10 to 11, 2016. The purpose of the summit is
to advance the ght against Child Labour, child slavery and violence against Children. The
summit being organized by the Kailash Satyarthi Childrens Foundation will deliberate on the way
forward in building a strong moral platform for protecting children from violence, and ensuring a
world where children are free to be just children. The aim is to channelize in support of the above
cause the collective leadership and moral authority of Nobel laureates, world leaders, thinkers,
representatives of United Nations Agencies, award winning child/youth leaders and eminent
persons from academia, business, cinema, sports and civil society.
55. Which high court of India has termed the practice of triple talaq (Talaq-e-bidat) among Muslims
as unconstitutional?
[A]Allahabad High Court
[B]Delhi High Court
[C]Calcutta High Court
[D]Mumbai High Court
Answer:Allahabad High Court
Explanation:
The Allahabad High Court has termed the Islamic practice of divorcing a woman by uttering the
word talaq (Talaq-e-bidat) thrice as unconstitutional. The order was passed by single judge
bench of Justice Suneet Kumar while deciding two separate writ petitions that the triple talaq
practice, sanctioned under Muslim personal law that governs marriage, property and divorce
violated the rights of Muslim women. The High Court held that this form of instant divorce is
cruel and most demeaning which impedes and drags India from becoming a nation.
56. Which android app dedicated to Army Veterans and Veer Naris has been launched by Indian
Army?
[A]Veterans Outreach App
[B]Veterans Outroute App
[C]Veterans Outbunch App
[D]Veterans Outrail App
Answer:Veterans Outreach App
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Explanation:
The Indian Army has launched a Veterans Outreach App i.e. dedicated to Army Veterans and
Veer Naris. The app was launched by the Chief of the Army Sta (COAS) General Dalbir Singh
Suhag and was prepared under the Directorate of Indian Army Veterans (DIAV). The app has
specic features like Ask a question and Locator Services that enable locating Ex-Serviceman
Cells, ECHS Polyclinics, Station Canteens and Sainik Aram Garhs all across the country. The app
also facilitates route guidance on a google map to any chosen service facility. A link has also
been provided to a Pension Calculator on the PCDA (P) web site called Suvigyai which enables
a veteran to check his/her pension entitlements.
57. Who is the newly appointed Director General of the National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA)?
[A]Ahmad Ngma
[B]Adwaita Gadanayak
[C]Rajeev Lochan
[D]Sabeena Gadihoke
Answer:Adwaita Gadanayak
Explanation:
Internationally acclaimed sculptor Adwaita Gadanayak is the newly appointed Director General of
National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA). He succeeded Rajeev Lochan. Prior to this appointment,
Gadanayak was the head of the School of Sculpture at Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology
in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.
58. What is the theme of 2016 United Nations (UN) International Anti-Corruption Day (IACD)?
[A]Zero Corruption, 100% Development
[B]Your No Counts
[C]United against corruption for development, peace and security
[D]Break the Corruption chain
Answer:United against corruption for development, peace and security
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN) International Anti-Corruption Day (IACD) is observed every year on
December 9 to promote and strengthen measures to prevent and combat corruption more
eciently and eectively. The day highlights the role of the United Nations Convention against
Corruption in combating and preventing it. The 2016 theme is United against corruption for
development, peace and security.
59. The first elite mens senior national boxing tournament has started in which state of India?
[A]Pune
[B]Guwahati
[C]Gangtok
[D]Shimla
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Answer:Guwahati
Explanation:
The rst elite mens senior national boxing tournament has started at the Indira Gandhi Athletic
Stadium in Sarusajai, Guwahati. The Assam Chief Minister Sarbanand Sonowal has inaugurated
the tournament.The elite boxing championship would immensely help the upcoming boxers of
the state and motivate the young generation to take up boxing as a career. Around 350 players
have participated and would be competing in 10 weight categories. The sporting tournament will
conclude on December 13,2016.
60. The tropical cyclone Vardah is expected to hit which country?

[A]India
[B]China
[C]Japan
[D]South Africa
Answer:India
Explanation:
The tropical cyclone Vardah is expected to hit the Andhra Pradesh coast between Nellore and
Kakinada with the speed of 10 km/hr. The cyclonic storm over southeast Bay of Bengal has
moved north- northwestwards and lies centered over southeast Bay of Bengal. Fishermen have
been advised not to venture to the sea along and o Andaman Islands and adjoining sea areas
during the next 12 hrs.
61. The worlds largest seating capacity cricket stadium will come up in which state of India ?
[A]Gujarat
[B]West Bengal
[C]Karnataka
[D]Tamil Nadu
Answer:Gujarat
Explanation:
The Sardar Patel Cricket Stadium in Ahmedabad, popularly known as Motera Stadium, is set to
become the worlds largest seating capacity cricket stadium. The Gujarat Cricket Association
(GCA) has handed the stadiums renovation project to Larsen and Turbo (L&T). Presently, the
stadium can house 54,000 people, but with the new plans, it is projected to seat about 1,10,000
people. This will almost double its seating capacity and will surpass the Melbourne Cricket
Ground, which has a capacity of 1,00,024 people.
62. What is the theme of 2016 Human Rights Day (HRD)?

[A]Our Rights, Our Freedoms, Always
[B]Stand up for someones rights today
[C]My Voice Counts
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[D]Human Rights 365

Answer:Stand up for someones rights today
Explanation:
The Human Rights Day (HRD) is observed every year on December 10 to commemorate the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The declaration was adopted and proclaimed by the
General Assembly of the United Nations in 1948 as the shared standard benchmark to protect
human rights across the world. The 2016 theme is Stand up for someones rights today!, which
emphasises on peace and harmony with respect for each others rights.
63. Which union minister has launched Digidhan campaign to promote digital transactions?
[A]Narendra Modi
[B]Rajnath Singh
[C]Ravi Shankar Prasad
[D]Venkaiah Naidu
Answer:Ravi Shankar Prasad
Explanation:
The Union IT Minister Ravishankar Prasad has recently launched Digidhan Abhiyan to enable
every citizen, small traders and merchants to adopt digital payments in their everyday nancial
transactions. During the campaign, citizens will be informed about various modes of digital
payments by educating them to download, install and transact digital payments. Beside this, the
IT Minister has also launched Digishala TV Channel. It is a free-to-air channel which will educate
people about digital payment and is available on DTH service. The channel will encourage people
for digital payment in their everyday life. The channel will be airing shows targeted at the rural
and suburban population to inform them of various aspects of going digital like e-wallet, UPI,
USSD, AADHAAR and usage of cards through talk shows and demonstrations. The services will
initially be available in Hindi and English and later in local languages as well.
64. Who has won the 2016 Presidential election of the Republic of Ghana?
[A]Paa Kwesi Nduom
[B]Ivor Greenstreet
[C]John Dramani Mahama
[D]Nana Akufo-Addo
Answer:Nana Akufo-Addo
Explanation:
Nana Akufo-Addo has won the presidential election of the Republic of Ghana with an absolute
majority over President John Mahama by 53.8% votes. He will be sworn in as President of Ghana
on January 7, 2017. Earlier, Akufo-Addo served as attorney general and then as foreign minister
in the New Patriotic Party (NPP) government, which held power in 2001.
65. Who has become the acting president of South Korea?

[A]Hwang Kyo-ahn
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[B]Park Jong-sun
[C]Kim So-yeon
[D]Moon Jae-in
Answer:Hwang Kyo-ahn
Explanation:
Hwang Kyo-ahn, who is the South Korean Prime Minister, has become the acting President after
Parliament voted to impeach President Park Geun-hye on December 9, 2016 over a corruption
scandal. Due to the ratication of Park impeachment proposal, Hwang Kyo-ahn has assumed the
presidential powers and duties as acting president.
66. What is the Indias rank in the 2016 Global Terrorism Index (GTI)?
[A]9th
[B]7th
[C]11th
[D]13th
Answer:7th
Explanation:
India has been ranked 7th in the list of 163 countries most impacted by terrorism in 2015,
according to the Global Terrorism Index (GTI) 2016 released by Sydney-based think-tank
Institute for Economics & Peace. The list is topped by Iraq, followed by Afghanistan, Nigeria,
Pakistan and Syria. The GTI score for a country is based on weightage assigned to the total
number of terrorism-related incidents, fatalities, injuries and property damage sustained in the
year in question. The index also takes into consideration attacks that took place in the 4 previous
years.
67. The book Dipa Karmakar: The Small Wonder has been authored by whom?
[A]Vimal Chauhan
[B]Dipa Karmakar
[C]Bishweshwar Nandi
[D]Shikha Sabharwal
Answer:Bishweshwar Nandi
Explanation:
The book Dipa Karmakar: The Small Wonder has been authored by sports journalists Vimal
Mohan, Digvijay Singh Deo and Dipa Karmakars coach Bishweshwar Nandi. The book will have
many untold stories of struggle and triumph besides rare archival photos from the Karmakars
private album as well as competition photos from the Olympics and Commonwealth Games. The
book is set to release on August 2017.
68. The 2016 Serendipity Arts Festival (SAF) will be held in which state?
[A]Maharashtra
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[B]Uttar Pradesh
[C]Rajasthan
[D]Goa
Answer:Goa
Explanation:
The rst edition of Serendipity Arts Festival (SAF) will be held on the banks of river Mandovi in
Panaji, Goa from December 16-23, 2016 to promote patronage of arts. The 8-day long festival
will focus on performing, visual and culinary arts through a hundred events from the elds of
music, theatre, dance, photography and food.
69. Which committee has been constituted by Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) to
fight against the menace of online piracy?
[A]D B Shekatkar committee
[B]Ratan Watal committee
[C]Nagana Gowda committee
[D]Ajit Mohan committee
Answer:Ajit Mohan committee
Explanation:
The Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) has recently constituted committee to ght
against the menace of online piracy.The committee will be chaired by Ajit Mohan of Hotstar and
co-chaired by Uday Sodhi of SET India and Salil Kapoor of HOOQ. The mandate of the committee
is to safeguard the interest of the digital entertainment businesses. The purpose of the
committee is to create a self regulatory code of conduct, create drafts for standards and good
business practices, create public awareness measures to minimise online piracy and help with
regulatory and legal interventions as and when required.
70. Which committee has recently submitted its final report on digital payments to Union
Government?
[A]H R Khan committee
[B]Ratan Watal committee
[C]Indrajeet Sarkar committee
[D]Salil Kapoor committee
Answer:Ratan Watal committee
Explanation:
The Committee on Digital Payments headed by Ratan P. Watal has submitted its nal report to
the Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley in his oce in New Delhi.The committee has
recommended a medium term strategy for accelerating growth of Digital Payments in India with
a regulatory regime which is conducive to bridging the digital divide by promoting competition,
open access & interoperability in payments. The Watal committee has also recommended
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inclusion of nancially and socially excluded groups and assimilation of emerging technologies in
the market, while safeguarding security of digital transactions and providing level playing to all
stakeholders and new players who will enter this new transaction space.
71. 100 Million for 100 Million campaign for child rights has been launched by whom?
[A]Pranab Mukherjee
[B]Narendra Modi
[C]Maneka Gandhi
[D]Raj Nath Singh
Answer:Pranab Mukherjee
Explanation:
President Pranab Mukherjee has launched a 100 Million for 100 Million campaign organized by
the Kailash Satyarthi Childrens Foundation at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi. The campaign is
a global initiative that seeks to support 100 million youth to be the voice of the 100 million
children and youth across the world who have been denied basic rights and freedom. The
campaign is with the objective to mobilise 100 million youth and children for the upliftment of
100 million underprivileged children across the world.
72. The Narmada Seva Yatra has been launched by which of the following states?
[A]Chhattisgarh
[B]Madhya Pradesh
[C]Gujarat
[D]Maharashtra
Answer:Madhya Pradesh
Explanation:
The chief minister of Madhya Pradesh, Shivraj Singh Chouhan has recently launched Narmada
Seva Yatra at Amarkantak. The purpose of the 5-months long Yatra is to turn the Narmada river
pollution free and unceasing river. The Narmada Sewa Yatra will create awareness about the
conservation of the river. It will cover more than 1900 km in 16 districts. All the villages along
the river will have Narmada Sewa Samiti to take follow up action on measures to be undertaken
for its preservation. The trees will be planted along the banks of the Narmada and sewage water
will be treated before it ows into the river.
73. Who has been bestowed with the Golden Jubilee Lifetime Achievement Award by the Sports
Journalists Association of Mumbai (SJAM)?
[A]Kapil Dev
[B]Madhav Apte
[C]Sunil Gavaskar
[D]Ajit Wadekar
Answer:Sunil Gavaskar
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Explanation:
Sunil Gavaskar has been bestowed with the Golden Jubilee Lifetime Achievement Award by the
Sports Journalists Association of Mumbai (SJAM) at the Cricket Club of India in Mumbai,
Maharashtra. Gavaskar was presented with a citation and a certicate which has details of all his
34 centuries.
74. Who has been elected new President of 90th Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelan?
[A]Vasant Abaji Dahake
[B]Nagnath Kottapalle
[C]F M Shinde
[D]Akshay kumar M Kale
Answer:Akshay kumar M Kale
Explanation:
Dr. Akshay kumar M Kale, who is well-known writer and scholar, has been elected as the
President of the 90th Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelan, which is scheduled to be held
from February 3 to 5, 2017. The 3-day annual conference is expected to be attended by Marathi
litterateurs from Maharashtra and other parts of the country. In the eld of criticism of modern
Marathi poetry, Kales contributions have attracted the attention of scholars of Marathi language
and literature throughout the state. The rst Marathi Sahitya Sammelan was held in Pune in 1878
under the chairmanship of Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade.
75. Who has been named as the new Prime Minister of Italy?
[A]Enrico Letta
[B]Paolo Gentiloni
[C]Matteo Renzi
[D]Sergio Mattarella
Answer:Paolo Gentiloni
Explanation:
Paolo Gentiloni has been appointed as the new Prime Minister of Italy by President Sergio
Mattarella, after Matteo Renzis resignation due to the results of the 2016 Italian constitutional
referendum, in which voters rejected constitutional reform. Previously, Gentiloni was Minister of
Communications from 2006 to 2008, during the second government of Romano Prodi.
76. Who has become the first Indian to win medal at the Mr. Olympia Amateur Asia 2016s Classic
Bodybuilding category?
[A]Akram Sayah
[B]Sayeed Ahmed
[C]Iqbal Sayed
[D]Aamir Khan
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Answer:Iqbal Sayed
Explanation:
Iqbal Sayed from Mumbai, who works as a civil engineer with Reliance Infrastructure and Mumbai
Metro, has become the rst Indian to win a medal at the Mr. Olympia Amateur Asia 2016s classic
bodybuilding category in Hong Kong. He won silver medal in the event after beating participants
from 20 countries in the classic bodybuilding category.
77. Which state has become the first Indian state to launch crop insurance claim distribution
programme?
[A]Haryana
[B]Rajasthan
[C]Uttar Pradesh
[D]Madhya Pradesh
Explanation:
The Madhya Pradesh government has become the rst Indian state to launch the biggest and
rst-ever crop insurance claim distribution programme worth Rs 4,416 crore in Ujjain. With this,
Madhya Pradesh has become the rst Indian state where the claims under Prime Ministers Crop
Insurance schemes are being disbursed. Under the Crop Insurance Scheme, the farmers who lost
Kharif Crop in the year 2015 due to natural calamities will be beneted. The insurance claim
amount will be provided to the farmers in their bank accounts through online procedure.
78. The first India-China think tank forum has been held in which of the following cities?
[A]Guangzhou
[B]Shanghai
[C]New Delhi
[D]Beijing
Answer:New Delhi
Explanation:
The rst India-China think-tank forum has been held in New Delhi on December 9-10, 2016. The
forum was jointly organized by the Institute of Chinese Studies, the Indian Council of World
Aairs, and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The theme of the forum was Towards a
Closer India-China Developmental Partnership in which in-depth discussion on various issues
such as country relations between India and China, strengthening India-China strategic
communication, promoting economic ties, deepening people-to-people cooperation, and regional
economic and security architecture took place. The 2nd India-China think-tanks forum will be
held in Beijing in 2017.
79. What is the theme of 2016 International Mountain Day (IMD)?

[A]Mountain cultures: Celebrating diversity and strengthening identity
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[B]Mountain minorities and indigenous peoples

[C]Managing mountain biodiversity for better lives
[D]Mountain biodiversity for better lives
Answer:Mountain cultures: Celebrating diversity and strengthening identity
Explanation:
The International Mountain Day (IMD) is observed every year on December 11 to create
awareness about the importance of mountains to life, to highlight the opportunities and
constraints in mountain development and to build alliances that will bring positive change to
mountain peoples and environments around the world. The 2016 theme is Mountain cultures:
Celebrating diversity and strengthening identity.
80. Which technological giant has tied up with union government for online River Water and Air
Quality Monitoring (WAQM) systems?
[A]Infosys
[B]Wipro
[C]Intel
[D]Reliance
Answer:Intel
Explanation:
The Government of India (GoI) has tied up with Intel to form a public-private partnership to
conduct research on water and air pollution monitoring. The Department of Science and
Technology (DST)- Intel collaborative research for real-time river Water and Air Quality
Monitoring (WAQM) initiative would consider proposals from academic and research institutions
in the area of such online monitoring systems and provide grant-in-aid support to the selected
projects. The aim of the initiative is to develop key technologies for sensing, communication and
analysis of large-scale data collected from autonomous networks of perpetual/long-lived sensor
nodes, followed by integration and deployment for water and air quality monitoring in real-time.
81. Antonio Guterres, who has been sworn-in as the new Secretary General of the United Nations, is
the former Prime Minister of which country?
[A]Portugal
[B]Singapore
[C]Malaysia
[D]New Zealand
Answer:Portugal
Explanation:
Antonio Guterres, the former Prime Minister of Portugal, has been sworn-in as the 9th Secretary
General of the United Nations. Guterres, who led the UN refugee agency for 10 years, will
succeed Ban Ki-moon on January 1, 2017.
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82. Who has won the World Billiards (150-Up format) Championships title?
[A]Dhruv Sitwala
[B]Pankaj Advani
[C]Saurav Kothari
[D]Peter Gilchrist
Answer:Pankaj Advani
Explanation:
Ace Indian cueist Pankaj Advani has won his 11th World Billiards (150-Up format) Championships
title in the summit clash in Bengaluru, Karnataka. Advani defeated Peter Gilchrist of Singapore.
He beats multiple world champion Gilchrist by six games to three in a gripping nal contest, to
wrap up his 16th world title overall.
83. Indias first amphibious bus project has been launched by which state government?
[A]Haryana
[B]Andhra Pradesh
[C]Punjab
[D]Uttar Pradesh
Answer:Punjab
Explanation:
The Punjab Government has launched Indias rst amphibious bus project Harike Cruise at the
Harike wetland near Amritsar. The amphibious bus project has cost the state government over
Rs 11 crore. The bus will travel on land and in water. The bus will be run by the Punjab Tourism
department has a seating capacity of 34 people and is equipped with life-jackets for everyone.
The current route of the bus includes a 13-km ride from Amritsar to the Harike wetlands, which
the bus is expected to traverse over 45 minutes. It will then traverse 4km on water.
84. Who is the newly elected Prime Minister of New Zealand?

[A]Kemal Dervis
[B]Helen Clark
[C]Paula Bennett
[D]Bill English
Answer:Bill English
Explanation:
Bill English, the leader of the National Party, has been sworn-in as the 39th Prime Minister of New
Zealand at Government House in Wellington. He succeeded John Key, who had resigned due to
personal reasons. Prior to this appointment, English was the Deputy Prime Minister from 2008 to
2016.
85. Which state government has tied up with Tata Trust to strengthen Public Distribution System
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(PDS)?
[A]Uttar Pradesh
[B]Tamil Nadu
[C]Kerala
[D]Andhra Pradesh
Explanation:
The Uttar Pradesh government has tied up with Tata Trusts to leverage digital platforms to
strengthen the public distribution system (PDS) in the state. As part of the initiative, Tata Trusts
have installed electronic Point of Sale devices (ePOS) to ensure operation of an Aadhaar-enabled
Public Distribution System (AePDS) at fair price shops of the entire urban region of Lucknow.
86. Fengyun-4 an advance weather satellite has been successfully launched into orbit by which
country?
[A]Russia
[B]China
[C]Japan
[D]Malaysia
Answer:China
Explanation:
China has successfully launched Feng-Yun-4 a new generation weather satellite into
geostationary orbit from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in southwest Chinas Sichuan
Province by a Long March-3B carrier rocket. The launch marked the 242nd mission of Chinas
Long March series of rockets. The FY-4 series is an improved generation of geosynchronous
meteorological satellites. The satellite will make high time, spatial and spectral resolution
observations of the atmosphere, clouds and space environment of China and surrounding
regions, signicantly improving capabilities of weather and climate forecasts.
87. Gotthard Base Tunnel(GBT), the worlds longest and deepest traffic tunnel,is located in which
country?
[A]France
[B]Japan
[C]Switzerland
[D]China
Answer:Switzerland
Explanation:
The worlds longest and deepest rail tunnel Gotthard Base Tunnel (GBT) has ocially begin its
regular rail service on December 11, 2016 in Switzerland. The 57 km twin-bore Gotthard base
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tunnel (GBT) will provide a high-speed rail link under the Swiss Alps between northern and
southern Europe. The tunnel has overtaken Japans 53.9 km Seikan rail tunnel as the longest in
the world and pushed the 50.5km Channel Tunnel linking the UK and France into third place.
88. Which of the following footballers has won the 2016 FIFA Ballon Dor Award ?
[A]Neymar
[B]Cristiano Ronaldo
[C]Lionel Messi
[D]Antoine Griezmann
Answer:Cristiano Ronaldo
Explanation:
Cristiano Ronaldo, a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for Spanish club Real Madrid
and the Portugal national team, has won the prestigious 2016 Ballon dOr award at an awards
ceremony in Paris, France. With this, he won the 4th Ballon dOr title in his career.
89. Vanjeevan the National Resource Centre for Tribal Livelihood will be launch in which state?
[A]Odisha
[B]Assam
[C]Manipur
[D]Sikkim
Answer:Odisha
Explanation:
The Union Ministry of Tribal Aairs in collaboration with United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP) and National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation (NSTFDC) will
launch Vanjeevan the National Resource Centre for Tribal Livelihood issues at Bhubaneswar,
Odisha on December 22, 2016. Vanjeevan will be a programme to identify the problems in
livelihood issues in select districts of six states having low HDI of tribal people in the rst phase.
The states are Assam, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Odisha and Telangana. The
programme will focus on the identication of local resources, keeping in view the existing skill
level.
90. The book The Other One Percent: Indians in America has been authored by whom?
[A]Mohana krishnan
[B]Sanjoy Chakravorty
[C]Joe Harris
[D]Balaji Vittal
Answer:Sanjoy Chakravorty
Explanation:
The book The Other One Percent: Indians in America has been authored by Sanjoy Chakravorty
and Devesh Kapur. The book is the rst comprehensive and data-driven account of the selection,
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assimilation and entrepreneurship of Indians in America. The author explain the contours of the
study, the political and social attitudes of Indian Americans and what their future could be in
their host country.
91. Which Bollywood personality has been appointed as the UNICEFs newest Global Goodwill
Ambassador?
[A]Priyanka Chopra
[B]Deepika Padukone
[C]Ranveer Singh
[D]Amitabh Bachchan
Answer:Priyanka Chopra
Explanation:
The Bollywood actress Priyanka Chopra has been appointed as the UNICEFs newest Global
Goodwill Ambassador at the UNICEFs 70th anniversary event in New York. As the Global
Goodwill Ambassador, she has the responsibility to urge people from across nations to become
the collective voice of oppressed children in the world and join forces to leave a better future for
the coming generations.
92. Indias largest indoor sports arena will come up in which of the following states?
[A]Assam
[B]West Bengal
[C]Kerala
[D]Andhra Pradesh
Answer:West Bengal
Explanation:
Indias largest indoor sports arena will come up in New Town area of Kolkata, West Bengal with a
capacity to accommodate upto 15,400 people at one time. The proposed stadium will have solar
power and will come up on 10 acres of land near the Deer Park in Eco Park. The facility will have
lawn tennis, khokho khokho, kabaddi, badminton, basket ball and table tennis courts.
93. What is the Indias position in the vacation deprived country ranking, as per recently released
2016 Expedia vacation deprivation report?
[A]3rd
[B]5th
[C]4th
[D]1st
Answer:4th
Explanation:
India has been ranked as the 4th most vacation deprived country in the world, as per recently
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released Expedia Vacation Deprivation report 2016. The survey was conducted online between
September 12-29, 2016, across 28 countries by Expedia an online travel company. The report
revealed that 40% Indians dont use all vacation days as work schedule does not allow for
vacation or dont have enough sta to cover and 32% are not able to take vacation days due to
personal schedule. The list is topped by Spain and UAE, followed by Malaysia and South-Korea.
94. The Asia Pacific Ministerial Conference on Housing and Urban Development (APMCHUD) has
started in which city?
[A]Pune
[B]Chennai
[C]Kolkata
[D]New Delhi
Answer:New Delhi
Explanation:
The 6th edition of Asia Pacic Ministerial Conference on Housing and Urban Development
(APMCHUD) has inaugurated by Union Minister of Urban Development Venkaiah Naidu in New
Delhi on December 14, 2016. The 3-day conference seeks to address issues ranging from
crowded city centres to peripheral expansion, metropolitan based urban population growth,
megacities and urban corridors, among others. During the conference, ministers and senior
ocials from 68 countries in the region are expected to deliberate on challenges of urban
planning and management. In it, the ve working groups will deliberate on dierent sub-themes
like Integrated Planning, Management and Governance Structures and on ensuring sustainable
and natural disaster resilient urban development including climate change.
95. What is the current Indias economic growth forecast for FY 17, as per updated report Asian
Development Outlook 2016 of Asian Development Bank (ADB)?
[A]7.4%
[B]7.2%
[C]6.9%
[D]7.0%
Answer:7.0%
Explanation:
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has cut Indias economic growth forecast to 7.0% from 7.4%
for the nancial year 2016-17 in the updated report of Asian Development Outlook 2016 due to
weak investments, a slowdown in the countrys agriculture sector and the lack of available cash
due to the governments decision to ban high-denomination bank notes. Prior to this, the
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) cut Indias growth forecast to 7.1% from 7.6% for FY 17 after the
governments decision to ban high denomination bank notes. Beside this, Global rating agency
Fitch has downgraded Indias growth forecast to 6.9% from 7.4 % and rating agency Morgan
Stanley has also cut the estimates to 7.3% from 7.6% for FY 17.
96. What is the Indias rank in the defence spending, according to the recently published 2016 IHS
219
Janes Defense Budgets Report?

[A]5th
[B]4th
[C]9th
[D]7th
Answer:4th
Explanation:
India is at 4th position in the list of top 10 defence spenders in the world, according to the
recently published annual Janes Defense Budgets Report by research rm IHS Markit. As per the
report, Indias defence budget was $50.7 billion in 2016, up from $46.6 billion in 2015. The
worldwide outlook shows that global defense spending rose by 1% to $1.6 trillion in 2016,
against 0.6% in 2015. The report has also estimated that India will surpass the UK in defence
spending by 2018.
97. Which Indian airport has become the second airport in the Asia-Pacific region to achieve carbon
neutral status?
[A]Kempegowda International Airport, Bangalore
[B]Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport, Ahmedabad
[C]Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport, New Delhi
[D]Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (RGIA), Hyderabad
Answer:Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (RGIA), Hyderabad
Explanation:
The Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (RGIA) in Hyderabad has become the 2nd airport in the
Asia-Pacic region among all categories to achieve carbon neutral status. The airport has also
declared the rst in the Asia-Pacic region in the 5-15 million passengers per annum category to
attain carbon neutral status. The Airports Council International (ACI) has certied Hyderabad
International Airport with Level 3+, Neutrality under its Airport Carbon Accreditation
programme. It is the industry standard for assessment of airports eorts to manage and reduce
carbon emissions and a signicant achievement. The carbon neutrality status is granted if the
net carbon emission over an entire year is zero. This means the airport absorbs or osets the
same amount of emission that is generated.Prior to this, the Indira Gandhi International (IGI)
Airport in New Delhi has become the rst airport in the Asia-Pacic region to achieve carbon
neutral status.
98. The book Many Everests: An Inspiring Journey of Transforming Dream into Reality has been
authored by whom?
[A]Ravindra Kumar
[B]Kailash Satyarthi
[C]Manav Kumar
[D]Nitish Bharadwaj
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Answer:Ravindra Kumar
Explanation:
The book Many Everests: An Inspiring Journey of Transforming Dream into Reality has been
authored by Ravindra Kumar, who is an ex-seafarer, IAS ocer & mountaineer. The book gives
you a new approach to life, a new way to make and live a happy, successful and peaceful life. It
has been written with the aim to spread the key to success amongst the common people and to
ignite the minds of thousands of hopeless people especially youth and students.
99. Which badminton player has won the 2016 Most Improved Player award by the Badminton
World Federation (BWF)?
[A]Lee Chong Wei
[B]PV Sindhu
[C]Woon Khe Wei
[D]Carolina Marin
Answer:PV Sindhu
Explanation:
PV Sindhu, an Indian female badminton player and Rio Olympics silver medallist, has been
named as the Most improved player of the year 2016 by the Badminton World Federation (BWF)
at the Players Reception and Gala Dinner in Dubai.
100. Which Indian personality has been named as the 2016 Foreign Policy Global Thinker for novel
Twitter diplomacy?
[A]Narendra Modi
[B]Akhilesh Yadav
[C]Mamata Banerjee
[D]Sushma Swaraj
Answer:Sushma Swaraj
Explanation:
The Union External Aairs Minister Sushma Swaraj has been named as the Global Thinker 2016
for novel brand of Twitter diplomacy, compiled by the international Foreign Policy magazine.
Swaraj was named in the Decision-makers category of 14 other notable thinkers including
Hillary Clinton, Angela Merkel and Justin Trudeau.
101. Which international personality has topped the 2016 Worlds Most Powerful People list of
Forbes?
[A]Vladimir Putin
[B]Donald Trump
[C]Narendra Modi
[D]Angela Merkel
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Answer:Vladimir Putin
Explanation:
Russian President Vladimir Putin has been ranked rst among the 2016 Worlds Most Powerful
People annual list of Forbes for a fourth straight year. In the list of 74 international personalities,
US President-elect Donald Trump has stood at second position, followed by Angela Merkel, Xi
Jinping and Pope Francis. Apart from this, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has been ranked 9th
among the top 10 most powerful people in the world by Forbes. Forbees stated that Modi has
emerged as a key gure in the international eort to tackle climate change. It also took note of
Prime Minister Modis demonetisation decision.
102. The Economic Times Asian Business Leaders Conclave 2016 has been held in which country?
[A]India
[B]Malaysia
[C]Singapore
[D]Indonesia
Answer:Malaysia
Explanation:
The Economic Times Asian Business Leaders Conclave 2016 has been held in Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia on December 14-15, 2016. The purpose of the annual event was to deliberate the
course businesses need to take to make Asia the most thriving region for trade in the world.
Over 400 C-level executives from all across Asia and around the globe gathered to discuss
trending leadership topics such as diversity and inclusion, disruptive technologies and
innovation, talent management, corporate governance, etc.
103. Which state has become the first Indian state to launch Mahila Police Volunteer (MPV)
initiative?
[A]Uttar Pradesh
[B]Assam
[C]Haryana
[D]Kerala
Answer:Haryana
Explanation:
The Haryana government has recently launched the Mahila Police Volunteer (MPV) initiative in
Karnal and Mahendragarh districts of Haryana to bridge the gap between Police and Civil society.
With this, Haryana has become the rst Indian state to adopt this scheme. Mahila Police
Volunteer is a joint initiative with the Union Ministry of Home Aairs. The MPV initiative will
create a link between the police authorities and the local communities in villages through police
volunteers who will be women specially trained for this purpose.
104. 2016 EKUVERIN the joint military exercise has started between India and which country?
[A]Japan
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[B]Morocco
[C]South Africa
[D]Maldives
Answer:Maldives
Explanation:
The 7th edition of India-Maldives joint military exercise EKUVERIN 2016 has started at
Kadhdhoo, Laamu Atoll, Maldives. The purpose of the 14 day joint exercise is to acquaint both
forces with each others operating procedures in the backdrop of amphibious and counter
insurgency/ Counter terrorism environment and also to increase the existing military relationship
between the Indian Army and the Maldivian National Defence Force.
105. Who has been appointed as the new Chief Executive of the Indian Banks Association (IBA)?
[A]V G Kannan
[B]Mythili Bhusnurmath
[C]P S Jayakumar
[D]M V Tanksale
Answer:V G Kannan
Explanation:
V G Kannan, a former MD of State Bank of India (SBI), has took charge as the new Chief
Executive Ocer (CEO) of the Indian Banks Association (IBA). He succeeded M V Tanksale, who
demitted oce as Chief Executive on August 9, 2016 after being at the helm for three years. IBA
is a self-regulatory organisation of banks. The purpose of IBA is to promote and develop in India
sound and progressive banking principles, practices and conventions and to contribute to the
development of creative banking.
106. The 2016 International Civil Aviation Negotiations (ICAN) was recently held in which city?
[A]Nassau
[B]New Delhi
[C]Berlin
[D]New York
Answer:Nassau
Explanation:
The 2016 International Civil Aviation Negotiations (ICAN) was recently held in Nassau, Bahamas
from 5th to 9th December, 2016. During ICAN 2016, India signed Open Skies agreement with 6
countries viz. Jamaica, Guyana, Czech Republic, Finland, Spain and Sri Lanka.With this
agreement, India will allow unlimited number of ights to 6 metro airports namely Delhi,
Mumbai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Bengaluru and Chennai. The new arrangement will encourage
connectivity and passenger travel between India and these countries.
107. Indias first transgender school will come up in which of the following cities?
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[A]Chennai
[B]Jaipur
[C]Kochi
[D]Bhopal
Answer:Kochi
Explanation:
Indias rst transgender school will be inaugurated by transgender rights activist and artist Kalki
Subramaniam at Sahaj International School in Kochi, Kerala on December 30, 2016. The school
will be led by six transgenders working with the TransIndia Foundation and will initially
accommodate 10 transgender children, who will study under the National Open School system.
The purpose of Transgender School is to provide transgenders security, salvation and
sustainability. The school will provide education and examination equivalent to Class X and XII.
The students have been selected from dierent sections of the transgender community itself,
which includes a disabled person and a migrant.
108. Which Indian batswoman has been named in the ICC Womens team of the year 2016?
[A]Vellaswamy Vanitha
[B]Veda Krishnamurthy
[C]Smriti Mandhana
[D]Mithali Raj
Answer:Smriti Mandhana
Explanation:
Indian batswoman Smriti Mandhana has been named in the ICC Womens Team of the Year 2016,
which will be captained by Stafanie Taylor, a West Indies player . This is the rst time that the
International Cricket Council (ICC) has named a womens team of the year. Beside this, Suzie
Bates of New Zealand has become the rst cricketer to clinch both the ICC Womens ODI and
T20I Player of the Year awards.
109. Who has been appointed as the new director general of the Indian Institute of Corporate
Affairs(IICA)?
[A]Nilesh Mittal
[B]K C Ahuja
[C]Sunil Arora
[D]Vijay Singh
Answer:Sunil Arora
Explanation:
Sunil Arora, an IAS ocer of 1980-batch Rajasthan cadre, has been appointed as the new
Director General (DG) and Chief Executive Ocer (CEO) of the Indian Institute of Corporate
Aairs, a think tank that comes under the Corporate Aairs Ministry. He will serve for a period of
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5 years or till attaining 65 years of age or until further orders, whichever is the earliest. Arora is
the former Information and Broadcasting Secretary and was also serving as an advisor at Prasar
Bharati. IICA focuses on matters impacting functioning of corporates and work towards capacity
building with various stakeholders including regulators and professionals, among other activities.
110. How much India will contribute to UN Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) for
2016-17?
[A]$300,000
[B]$500,000
[C]$450,000
[D]$400,000
Answer:$500,000
Explanation:
The Government of India (GoI) will contribute $500,000 to United Nations Central Emergency
Response Fund (CERF) for the year 2016-17. The CERF is a humanitarian fund to promote early
and coordinated action and response to save lives, to increase response to time-crucial
requirements based on demonstrable needs and to strength the core elements of humanitarian
response in under-funded crises.
111. Who has been conferred with the ICFAs 2016 Global Agriculture Leadership Award?
[A]Narendra Modi
[B]Mukesh Ambani
[C]Venkaiah Naidu
[D]Ratan Tata
Answer:Ratan Tata
Explanation:
The Indian Council of Food and Agriculture (ICFA) has conferred the 2016 Global Agriculture
Leadership Award to Tata Sons interim Chairman Ratan Tata in Mumbai, Maharashtra for his
transformational role in scaling Tata Group as the globally admired group during his stint of two
decades as Chairman. The ICFA is an apex body of India that act as think tank, policy research,
trade facilitation, development catalyst and monitor centre for food and agriculture sector and
serve as global platform for partnerships.
112. Amina Mohammed, who has been named as the UNs Deputy Secretary-General, is belonged to
which country?
[A]Nigeria
[B]Israel
[C]Brazil
[D]Bangladesh
Answer:Nigeria
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Explanation:
Amina Mohammed, the environment minister of Nigeria, has been named as the new UNs
Deputy Secretary-General. She has been appointed on this post by Antonio Guterres, who is
newly elected Secretary General of the United Nations and will succeed Ban Ki-moon in 2017.
113. Immunization Incentives and Information Programme has been launched by which state
government of India?
[A]Uttar Pradesh
[B]Haryana
[C]Kerala
[D]Odisha
Answer:Haryana
Explanation:
The Haryana government has launched Haryana Immunization Incentives and Information
Programme to increase immunization rates of children between the age group of 0-12 months.
The programme would be implemented in 7 districts viz. Bhiwani, Jhajjar, Mewat, Palwal, Panipat,
Rewari and Sonipat covering 140 Primary Health Centres (PHCs). The purpose of the programme
is to signicantly improve immunization coverage in lower performing districts, especially for
girls, who in all 7 districts have lower immunization rates than boys.
114. Which state government has launched the Annapurna Rasoi scheme for underprivileged
people?
[A]Assam
[B]Punjab
[C]Rajasthan
[D]Karnataka
Answer:Rajasthan
Explanation:
The Rajasthan government has recently launched a subsidized meal scheme Annapurna Rasoi
at the Jaipur Municipal Corporation campus for underprivileged people under which food will be
provided at nominal rates. Initially, the scheme is introduced for 12 cities and in future will cover
the state. As per the scheme, the poor and the needy will get breakfast for Rs 5 and lunch or
dinner for Rs 8. The breakfast will include Poha, Upma, Sevaiyan, Idli Sambhar, Jwar Khichda,
Bazra Khichada etc. while one can have Dal-chawal, Churma, Dal-dhokli and other items for
lunch or dinner.
115. Which of the following districts will become the Indias first carbon neutral district?
[A]Shimla
[B]Mysuru
[C]Bijapur
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[D]Majuli
Answer:Majuli
Explanation:
The world famous river island and seat of Vaishnavite culture Majuli district will soon become
the Indias rst-ever carbon neutral district by 2020. To achieve this goal, the Assam government
has launched a project Sustainable Action for Climate Resilient Development in Majuli (
SACReD Majuli) to combat climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
116. The 2016 World Confluence of Humanity, Power and Spirituality has started in which country?
[A]India
[B]South Africa
[C]Nigeria
[D]Egypt
Answer:India
Explanation:
The 9th World Conuence of Humanity, Power and Spirituality has started in New Delhi on
December 16, 2016 to spread the message of inter-faith peace and harmony, to ignite the
human spirit and to harness the potential of human beings towards seless service. The annual
convention is organized by ASSOCHAM, Srei Foundation and the Times Group. The theme of the
convention is Sach Bharat: Spirituality at Work.
117. Swasthya Raksha Programme has been launched by which union ministry?
[A]Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
[B]Ministry of AYUSH
[C]Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
[D]Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Answer:Ministry of AYUSH
Explanation:
The Swasthya Raksha Programme has been launched by the Ministry of AYUSH to promote
health and health education in villages. The purpose of the programme is to organize Swasthya
Rakshan OPDs, Swasthya Parikshan Camps and Health/Hygiene awareness programme and to
create awareness about cleanliness of domestic surroundings and environment. The programme
will also provide medical aid/incidental support in the adopted Colonies/villages.
118. The 6th BRICS Health Ministers Meet has been held in which of the following cities?
[A]Beijing
[B]Pretoria
[C]New Delhi
[D]Braslia
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Answer:New Delhi
Explanation:
The 6th BRICS Health Ministers Meet has been held in New Delhi to strengthen intra-BRICS
cooperation to promote health and acknowledge the renewed commitment to health by the
BRICS leaders as expressed in the Goa Declaration of October 2016. The 7thBRICS Health
Ministers meeting and Meeting of Senior Health Ocials will be held in China in 2017.
119. The Thal Favang Kut festival has started in which state of India?
[A]Tripura
[B]Nagaland
[C]Mizoram
[D]Arunachal Pradesh
Answer:Mizoram
Explanation:
The Thal Favang Kut festival has started at Aizawl in In Mizoram with enthusiasm and fervour.
The 3-day long festival is being organised by Department of Tourism, Government of Mizoram.
Thal Favang Kut is a post harvest festival which is celebrated after harvesting the paddy. It is
celebrated every year in Mizoram to thank the Almighty as well as to promote tourism in the
state.
120. Who has become the new chairman of Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC)?
[A]Usha Sangwan
[B]V K Sharma
[C]Anita Bhavsar
[D]M K Roy
Answer:V K Sharma
Explanation:
V K Sharma has become the new chairman of Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) for 5
years. Sharma, who is the managing director of LIC, was acting as chairman since September
2016 when the then chairman S K Roy resigned from the post due to personal reasons.
121. Who has been named as the new director of Intelligence Bureau (IB)?
[A]Rajiv Jain
[B]Miland Singh
[C]M S Dhanoa
[D]Nishant Sharma
Answer:Rajiv Jain
Explanation:
Rajiv Jain, an IPS ocer of 1980 batch of Jharkhand cadre, has been appointed as the new
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Director of Intelligence Bureau (IB) for a period of two years. Currently, he is working as Special
Director in the IB. He will take over the post from Dineshwar Sharma on January 2017, who
completes his two-year tenure on December 31, 2016. The Intelligence Bureau (IB) is the internal
intelligence agency of India and reports to Ministry of Home Aairs.
122. Who has been appointed as the new chief of the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)?
[A]K C Pant
[B]Anil Dhasmana
[C]Alok Joshi
[D]Arvind Saxena
Answer:Anil Dhasmana
Explanation:
Anil Kumar Dhasmana, an IPS ocer of 1981-batch Madhya Pradesh cadre, has been appointed
as the new chief of the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) for a period of two years. Dhasmanas
domain of expertise is considered to be Balochistan, counter-terrorism and Islamic aairs. He will
succeed Rajinder Khanna, who completes his two-year tenure on January 31, 2017. RAW is the
external intelligence agency of India and the head of RAW is designated Secretary (Research)
in the Cabinet Secretariat and is under the direct command of the Prime Minister and reports on
an administrative basis to the Cabinet Secretary of India, who reports to the Prime Minister.
123. Who will be the new chief of the Chief of the Army Staff (COAS) of the Indian Army?
[A]Balbir Singh Sandhu
[B]Velu Nair
[C]Bipin Rawat
[D]Amit Sarin
Answer:Bipin Rawat
Explanation:
The Vice Chief of Army Sta (COAS), Lt General Bipin Rawat will be the new Chief of the Army
Sta (COAS) of the Indian Army. Lt. Gen Rawat is known for his balanced approach towards
soldiering, compassion, and connect with civil society. He will succeed General Dalbir Singh
Suhag, who will retire on December 31, 2016. The primary mission of the Indian Army is to
ensure national security and unity, defending the nation from external aggression and threats,
and maintaining peace and security within its borders. The President of India serves as the
Supreme Commander of the Indian Army.
124. Who will be the new chief of the Chief of the Air Staff (COAS) of the Indian Air Force (IAF)?
[A]H S Arora
[B]P P Khandekar
[C]M K Malik
[D]B S Dhanoa
Answer:B S Dhanoa
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Explanation:
The Vice Chief of Air Sta (VCAS), Air Marshal Birender Singh Dhanoa will be the new chief of Air
Sta (CAS) of the Indian Air Force (IAF). He will assume the post of Air Chief on January 1, 2017
after Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha retires. The primary responsibility of IAF is to secure Indian
airspace and to conduct aerial warfare during a conict. The President of India serves as
Supreme Commander of the IAF.
125. Which of the following states has attained 100% Aadhaar saturation in India?
[A]Himachal Pradesh
[B]Uttar Pradesh
[C]Kerala
[D]Tamil Nadu
Answer:Himachal Pradesh
Explanation:
The Himachal Pradesh has recently achieved 100% Aadhar saturation on the basis of population
of year 2015. With this, Himachal Pradesh has become the 6th State/UT in India to achieve this
mile stone. The other states which achieved 100% Aadhaar coverage are Delhi, Telangana,
Haryana, Punjab and Chandigarh. Apart from this, Himachal Pradesh has recently opened its rst
Cyber Crime Police Station at state police headquarter in Shimla. The main purpose of this police
station is to deal with increasing crime based on misuse of information technology by the High
tech criminals. The cyber oences like hacking of government web sites and its data, prevention
and detection of cyber terrorism & nancing all types of cyber fraud cases would be investigate
by this police station. The police station ocials will also create general awareness among the
masses to prevent them from falling victim to high-tech and cyber criminals. To tackle cyber-
crimes in this hill state this kind of police station was the need of hour which has been now
fullled.
126. State Bank MobiCash digital wallet has been launched by State Bank of India (SBI) in
partnership with which telecom company?
[A]Bharti Airtel
[B]BSNL
[C]Idea Cellular
[D]Reliance Jio
Answer:BSNL
Explanation:
The State Bank of India (SBI) has recently launched its mobile wallet application State Bank
MobiCash in partnership with Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL). MobiCash will allow users to
deposit cash through BSNL retail outlets and withdraw funds from their account. Initially, the new
wallet services will be available in Punjab, Rajasthan, Haryana and Bihar and will expanded pan-
India by the end of December 2016.
127. The first-ever Indian Institute of Skills will come up in which state of India?
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[A] Andhra Pradesh

[B] Karnataka
[C] Madhya Pradesh
[D]Uttar Pradesh
Explanation:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has recently laid the foundation stone of the rst-ever Indian
Institute of Skills at Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. The Institute has been conceptualized by Prime
Minister Modi during his visit to Singapores Institute of technical education. The rst-ever of its
kind institute will be open by the Skill Development Ministry in partnership with the Institute of
Technical Education, Singapore. Beside this, Prime Minister will also inaugurate the Kaushal
Pradarshini (Skill Exhibition) for the youth. The Exhibition will showcase state-of-the-art
vocational training practices of various sectors. He will also launch a number of skill development
initiatives including Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendras and Drivers Training Institutes.
128. Who of the following has won the Miss World 2016 competition ?
[A]Mireia Lalaguna
[B]Stephanie del Valle
[C]Natasha Mannuela
[D]Yaritza Miguelina
Answer:Stephanie del Valle
Explanation:
Stephanie Del Valle, a Puerto Rican musician and model, has won the 66th edition of the Miss
World pageant Miss World 2016 in Washington, United States on December 18, 2016. The
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico is an unincorporated territory of the United States and its capital
is San Juan.
129. Which countrys team has won the 2016 Mens Junior Hockey World Cup tournament?
[A]Malaysia
[B]India
[C]Australia
[D]Belgium
Answer:India
Explanation:
Indian Junior Mens hockey team has won the 2016 Mens Junior Hockey World Cup tournament
by defeating Belgium in the nal match by 2-1 in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. From India, Gurjant
Singh and Simranjeet Singh scored the goals against Belgium in the game. This is Indias 2nd
world cup title. Earlier, India won the Junior World Cup trophy in 2001 in Hobart, Australia.
130. The International Migrants Day (IMD) is observed on which date?

231
[A]December 19
[B]December 18
[C]December 20
[D]December 17
Answer:December 18
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN) International Migrants Day (IMD) is observed every year on December
18 to protect the rights of migrant workers and members of their families.This year, 2016, marks
the 26th anniversary of the UNs International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All
Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families.
131. Which union ministry has launched GARV-II mobile app to monitor rural electrification data?
[A]Ministry of Power
[B]Ministry of Rural Development
[C]Ministry of Panchayati Raj
[D]Ministry of Tribal Affairs
Answer:Ministry of Power
Explanation:
The Union Minister of State (IC) for Power, Coal, New & Renewable Energy and Mines, Piyush
Goyal has recently launched Grameen Vidyutikaran mobile application GARV-II App in New Delhi
to track rural household electrication and citizen engagement window SAMVAD. GARV-II is an
upgraded version of its earlier version, which hosts village-wise, habitation wise baseline data on
household electrication on all states.
132. Indias first cashless bazaar has come up in which of the following states?
[A]Rajasthan
[B]Chhattisgarh
[C]Uttar Pradesh
[D]Madhya Pradesh
Answer:Chhattisgarh
Explanation:
Indias rst cashless bazaar has come up in Raipur, Chhattisgarh. Now, over 900 shops of this
Smart bazaar are providing customers the facilities of cashless payments using POS, UPI and
other digital systems. Currently, Chhattisgarh is leading in the nation in training its people in
digital transactions. According to data on a central government website, Chhattisgarh has
trained over 5 lakh people in cashless payments in rst 10 days of training.
133. Karun Nair is associated with which sports?

[A]Hockey
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[B]Badminton
[C]Cricket
[D]Chess
Answer:Cricket
Explanation:
Karun Kaladharan Nair, an Indian cricketer from Karnataka, has recently hit the triple century in
the fth and nal Cricket Test against England at the M. A. Chidambaram Stadium in Chennai,
Tamil Nadu. With this, Nair became only the 2nd Indian batsman to hit a triple-hundred in
international cricket history after Virender Sehwag and the 3rd player after Bob Simpson and Sir
Gareld Sobers to convert their maiden Test centuries into triple centuries.
134. Which union ministry has won gold medal in the Web Ratna category of 2016 Digital India
Awards?
[A]Ministry of Human Resource Development
[B]Ministry of Tourism
[C]Ministry of Power
[D]Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Answer:Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Explanation:
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare won gold in the Web Ratna category at the 2016
Digital India awards. The 2016 Digital India awards have been conferred by the Ministry of
Electronics & IT to promote more innovative e-governance initiatives by the government entities.
Web Ratna award felicitates a Ministry or Department of the Government of India (GoI) which has
a comprehensive web presence and display the level of accountability in terms of quantity,
quality, spectrum of coverage and innovation ascertaining user satisfaction. Level of
convenience provided to the citizen for availing the services, usability and accessibility are also
assessed.
135. Anupam Mishra, who passed away recently, was the noted personality of which field?
[A]Water conservation
[B]Environment
[C]Journalism
[D]All of the above
Answer:All of the above
Explanation:
Anupam Mishra (68), who recently passed away in New Delhi, was the noted environmentalist,
Gandhian ideologue, a journalist, an author and an authoritative voice in the eld of water
conservation in India. He was well known for his written books such as Aaj Bhi Khare Hain
Taalab and Rajasthan Ki Rajat Boondein, the landmark works in the eld of water
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conservation.
136. Saanjhi Saanjh the national newspaper for senior citizen has been launched by which union
ministry?
[A]Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
[B]Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
[C]Ministry of Human Resource Development
[D]Ministry of Rural Development
Answer:Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
Explanation:
The Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment, Thaawarchand Gehlot has released the
rst issue of a National Newspaper Saanjhi Saanjh for senior citizen in New Delhi. This
newspaper for senior citizen is edited by J.V Manisha Bajaj, Secretary of Harikrit, an NGO for
elderly people. The bilingual newspaper has 8 pages which will be published from Delhi by
Harikrit publishers. The newspaper will carry important and useful news pertaining to elderly
persons besides inspirational stories. It will serve as a bridge between old and new generations.
137. What is the current interest rate on Employees Provident Fund (EPF) for FY 17?
[A]8.65%
[B]8.55%
[C]8.75%
[D]8.45%
Answer:8.65%
Explanation:
The Employees Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) has recently lowered the interest rate on
Employees Provident Fund (EPF) deposits to 8.65% for the current scal FY 17 (2016-17) from
8.8% in 2015-16. The decision was taken by the Employees Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO)s
central board of trustees i.e. chaired by Bandaru Dattatreya, the Union Minister of Labour and
Employment. As per EPFO, interest income from PF investments for 2016-17 has been estimated
mainly on the basis of interest income received or receivable in this nancial year, including
surplus from previous year of Rs. 410 crore.
138. Who will be the head of newly constituted high-level task force on Indus Water Treaty (IWT)?
[A]Shaktikanta Das
[B]Nripendra Mishra
[C]Ajit Doval
[D]Aditya Mehta
Answer:Nripendra Mishra
Explanation:
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The Union Government has recently formed an inter-ministerial task force on Indus Water Treaty
(IWT), which will be headed by Prime Minister Narendra Modis Principal Secretary Nripendra
Mishra. Mishra will look into all the strategic aspects of Indus Water Treaty (IWT) with Pakistan.
The other members of the team include NSA Ajit Doval, Foreign Secretary S Jaishankar and
Secretaries in ministries of Finance, Environment, Power and Water Resource.
139. Which famous personality has become the brand ambassador of Assam tourism?
[A]Sachin Tendulkar
[B]Priyanka Chopra
[C]Aamir Khan
[D]Lata Mangeshkar
Answer:Priyanka Chopra
Explanation:
The Assam government has appointed Bollywood actress Priyanka Chopra as the states tourism
brand ambassador for two years to promote the new brand entity Awesome Assam. The
actress will not charge a fee for the brand ambassador assignment. She will charge professional
charges for the work she will do in photoshoots and television commercials.
140. Saumitra Chaudhuri, who passed away recently, was the famous personality of which field?
[A]Sports
[B]Film Industry
[C]Economics
[D]Science
Answer:Economics
Explanation:
Dr. Saumitra Chaudhuri (62), an eminent economist and a former member of the erstwhile
Planning Commission, has recently passed away in New Delhi. He was one of the longest serving
members of the Planning Commission of India. Before being part of Planning Commission, Dr.
Chaudhuri worked as Economic Advisor and Research Co-ordinator with ICRA Limited, a full
service credit rating agency, for 16 years (1993-2009) and was executive editor of the research
publication Money and Finance. Dr.Chaudhuri had over 25 monographs and papers spanning
issues of industry, the nancial sector, regional development and scal policy.
141. Who of the following has won the BBC sports personality of the Year 2016?
[A]Andy Murray
[B]Alistair Brownlee
[C]Kate Richardson
[D]Nick Skelton
Answer:Andy Murray
Explanation:
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Andy Murray, a Scottish professional tennis player, has won the BBC sports personality of the
Year 2016 at the Genting Arena in Birmingham, England. With this, he became the rst person to
win award 3 times.
142. The India-Nepal folk crafts festival (INCF-2016) has started in which city?
[A]New Delhi
[B]Kathmandu
[C]Nepalgunj
[D]Pune
Answer:Kathmandu
Explanation:
The India-Nepal Folk Crafts Festival (INCF-2016) has started in Kathmandu, Nepal on December
19, 2016 to promote cultural exchanges between the two neighbours. The festival is an initiative
of South Asia Foundation (SAF) and aims to promote crafts based bilateral relations and enhance
cultural exchanges between the artisans of India and Nepal. The 5-day festival will highlight
more than 70 theme based pavilion with focus on folk crafts of India and Nepal, cultural events,
live demonstration by crafts-persons, design workshops to be conducted by qualied designers,
trade facilitation and exclusive buyer-seller meet among others. The SAF, set up in 1991, has
been working to enhance the livelihood of the artisans of the region and contributing towards
strengthening the crafts sector of both the countries.
143. The International Human Solidarity Day is observed on which date?

[A]December 19
[B]December 22
[C]December 20
[D]December 21
Answer:December 20
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN) International Human Solidarity Day is observed every year on
December 20 to celebrate unity in diversity. The day reminds people on the importance of
solidarity in working towards eradicating poverty. Its purpose is to eradicate poverty and
promote human and social development in developing countries, in particular among the poorest
segments of their populations.
144. The 2016 Hero Indian Super League (ISL) has been won by which football team?
[A]Mumbai City
[B]Delhi Dynamos
[C]Kerala Blasters
[D]Atletico de Kolkata
Answer:Atletico de Kolkata
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Explanation:
Atletico de Kolkata has won the 2016 Hero Indian Super League (ISL) by defeating the Kerala
Blasters in a penalty shootout by 43 in the nal at Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in Kochi, Kerala.
145. Which state will become the first Indian state to have 247 helpline for forests?
[A]Maharashtra
[B]Uttar Pradesh
[C]Rajasthan
[D]Madhya Pradesh
Answer:Maharashtra
Explanation:
The Maharashtra forest department will launch a state-wide call centre facility from January 6,
2017 for registering complaints or getting information about issues related to forests and wildlife.
The facility would enable citizens to complain about illegal wildlife trade, poaching, forest res
and encroachments on reserved land, among others. With this facility, Maharashtra will become
the rst Indian state to have 247 helpline for forests.
146. Who has been honoured with Legends Award by the International Boxing Association
(AIBA)?
[A]Shiv Thapa
[B]Mary Kom
[C]Akhil Kumar
[D]Vikas Krishan
Answer:Mary Kom
Explanation:
M C Mary Kom , an Olympic bronze-medallist and a ve-time world champion, has been
honoured with the Legends Award by the International Boxing Association (AIBA) for her
trailblazing boxing career in Montreux, Switzerland. Beside her, Vikas Krishan has also won the
AIBA Pro Boxing (APB) Best Boxer trophy at the AIBAs 70th anniversary event.
147. Consider the following statements: a. The 2017 Global Conference on Cyber Space (GCSS) will
be hosted by United Kingdom. b. The GCSS conference is to promote practical cooperation in
cyberspace. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
[A]Only a
[B]Only b
[C]Both a & b
[D]Neither a nor b
Answer:Only b
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Explanation:
India will host the 5th edition of the Global Conference on Cyber Space (GCSS) in 2017 in which
over 100 countries are expected to participate. GCCS will deliberate on issues related to
promotion of cooperation in cyberspace, norms for responsible behaviours in cyberspace and to
enhance cyber capacity building. The purpose of the GCSS conference is to promote practical
cooperation in cyberspace, to enhance cyber capacity building and to discuss norms for
responsible behaviour in cyberspace.
148. Consider the following statements: a. The headquarters of Artificial Limbs Manufacturing
Corporation of India (ALIMCO) is located at Kanpur. b. ALIMCO has recently signed MoU with
UK firm to produce affordable wheel chairs. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
[A]Only a
[B]Only b
[C]Both a & b
[D]None of the above
Answer:Both a & b
Explanation:
The Articial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation of India (ALIMCO) has recently signed MoU with
UK-based Motivation Charitable trust to manufacture aordable state-of-art wheel chairs
according to WHO guidelines in India. The ALIMCO is a non-prot making organisation, working
under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment to manufacture articial limb components
and rehabilitation aids for the benet of the physically handicapped. The headquarters of
Articial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation of India (ALIMCO) is located at Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.
149. The 2016 Sahitya Akademi award has been won by which author?
[A]Joe D Cruz
[B]Vannadasan
[C]A. Madhavan
[D]D Selvaraj
Answer:Vannadasan
Explanation:
Tamil writer Vannadasan has been selected for 2016 Sahitya Akademi award for his book Oru
Siru Isai, a collection of short stories. He has been active in the modern Tamil literary eld for
more than 30 years and contributing immensely to the literature, particularly in the eld of short
story and poetry.
150. The book Asura: Tale of the Vanquished: The Story of Ravana and His People has been
authored by whom?
[A]Anand Neelakantan
[B]Gayathri Susheel
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[C]Deepa Parmar
[D]Aishwarya Dhanush
Answer:Anand Neelakantan
Explanation:
The book Asura: Tale of the Vanquished: The Story of Ravana and His People has been
authored by Anand Neelakantan. The author depicts the Ramayana focusing on the Ravana and
Bhadras characters and their view points. This tale has attempted to escape from the dullness of
recounting stories from the point of view of a victor.This narrative is a blend of history, religion
and mythology. The book has aimed to demystify the blunders done by the Deva clan, which is
represented as conventional and prejudiced. Also, it throws light on the liberation enjoyed by the
Asuras.
151. Consider the following statements: a) Virat Kohli has declared the ICC Cricketer of the Year
2016. b) Ravichandran Ashwin has been named the ICC?Test cricketer of the Year 2016. Which of
the following statements is/are true?
[A]Only a
[B]Only b
[C]Both a & b
Answer:Only b
Explanation:
Indian o-spinner Ravichandran Ashwin has bagged the prestigious Sir Gareld Sobers Trophy,
after he has been named the ICC Cricketer of the Year at ICC Awards 2016 in Dubai.
Additionally, he also won the ICC?Test cricketer of the Year 2016 award. With this, he became
the 2nd Indian player after Rahul Dravid to bag the two coveted prizes in the same year. In 2016,
Ashwin picked up 72 wickets in 12 test matches at an outstanding average of 23.90 and scored
612 runs at an average of 43.17. He is the only Indian in ICCs Test Team of the Year. Apart from
this, Virat Kohli has been named captain of the ICC?ODI?Team of the Year, while Ravindra Jadeja
and Rohit Sharma also featured in the ODI?Team of the Year.
152. The National Mathematics Day (NMD) is celebrated on which date in India?
[A]December 22
[B]December 21
[C]December 23
[D]December 20
Answer:December 22
Explanation:
The National Mathematics Day (NMD) is celebrated every year on December 22 to commemorate
the birth anniversary of great mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan and to recognize his
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contribution to mathematics.
153. Jagannatha Verma, who passed away recently, was the famous actor of which language?
[A]Tamil
[B]Telugu
[C]Malayalam
[D]Odia
Answer:Malayalam
Explanation:
K N Jagannatha Varma (77), the famous Malayalam actor, has recently passed away in
Thiruvanathapuram, Kerala. He is known for his hit lms like New Delhi, Pathram and Lelam.
154. What is the Indias rank in the 2016 Global Wind Power Installed Capacity Index?
[A]4th
[B]9th
[C]11th
[D]21st
Answer:4th
Explanation:
India has been ranked 4th in 2016 Global Wind Power Installed Capacity Index with cumulative
installed wind power generation capacity of India is 25,088 MW. The index was released as part
of Global Wind Report: Annual Market, the agship publication of the Global Wind Energy Council
(GWEC). The list is topped by China, followed by United States and Germany with cumulative
installed wind power generation capacity of the USA is 1,45,362 MW, 74,471 MW and that of
Germany is 44,947 MW.
155. Which of the following has launched worlds first chat operating system?
[A]Flock
[B]Microsoft
[C]Infosys
[D]Reliance
Answer:Flock
Explanation:
The worlds rst chat operating system Flock OS has been launched by Flock, a free instant
messaging service for work and business environments. The FlockOS is an ultra-powerful
platform which enables developers to build apps, bots and integrations on top of Flock.
Developers have also the provision to use customized apps within their organizations or can also
publish them on the Flock App Store so that it will be available for all Flock users.
156. Consider the following statements: a) Epsilon-2 a solid-fuel rocket has successfully launched
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by Japan. b) The Arase satellite launched into orbit by Epsilon-2 to study the Van Allen belts. Wich
among the following statements is/are true?
[A]Only a
[B]Only b
[C]Both a & b
Answer:Both a & b
Explanation:
The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has recently successfully launched solid fuel
rocket Epsilon-2 from the Uchinoura Space Center in the southern prefecture of Kagoshima.
Through Epsilon-2, the Arase satellite has successfully launched into orbit to study the Van Allen
belts around the earth. The former name of Arase satellite was Exploration of energization and
Radiation in Geospace (ERG).
157. Who has won the 2016 Kids Golf World Championship?
[A]Methu Denish
[B]Arjun Bhati
[C]Anant Pal
[D]Monish Bindra
Answer:Arjun Bhati
Explanation:
Arjun Bhati from India has won the Kids Golf World Championship 2016 by defeating South
Africas Methu Denish during the three-level nal match in Malaysia. The Kids Golf World
Championship is a special opportunity for boys and girls between ages 5 to 18 years to play in a
world competition organized by US Kids Golf Foundation. The competition is the international
version of US Kids Golf tournament and provides good opportunity for young people to compete
and earn world amateur ranking points.
158. Who is the newly appointed chief secretary of Tamil Nadu?

[A]Girija Vaidyanathan
[B]Rama Mohana Rao
[C]T S Malviya
[D]L M Vaidya
Answer:Girija Vaidyanathan
Explanation:
Girija Vaidyanathan, an additional chief secretary and commissioner of land administration, has
been appointed the new Chief Secretary of Tamil Nadu. She succeeded P.Rama Mohana Rao,
whose properties were raided by the Income Tax authorities.
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159. Who of the following has won the 2016 Sastra Ramanujan award for mathematics?
[A]Maksym Radziwill
[B]James Maynard
[C]Peter Scholze
[D]Zhiwei Yun
Answer:Maksym Radziwill
Explanation:
The 2016 SASTRA-Ramanujan award for mathematics has been jointly awarded to Dr. Kaisa
Matomaki of the University of Turku, Finland and Dr.Maksym Radziwill of McGill University,
Canada at the International Conference on Number Theory at SASTRA University at
Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu for their recent revolutionary collaborative work on multiplicative
functions in short intervals. The award citation and the shared prize money of $5,000 were
presented by Prof. Steven Weintraub from Lehigh University who is also the Associate Secretary
of the American Mathematical Society.
160. The book Parijat has been authored by whom?

[A]Mridula Garg
[B]Ramdarash Mishra
[C]Nilotpal Mrinal
[D]Nasira Sharma
Answer:Nasira Sharma
Explanation:
Hindi author Nasira Sharma has recently won the 2016 Sahitya Academi Award 2016 for his
novel Parijat. He is among the 24 authors named for the Sahitya Akademi Award 2016. The
awards comprising a casket containing an engraved copper plaque, a shawl and a Cheque of Rs.
1 lakh will be presented to the authors on February 22, 2016.
161. Which famous personality has topped the 2016 Forbes India celebrity 100 List?
[A]Virat Kohli
[B]Chetan Bhagat
[C]Salman Khan
[D]Priyanka Chopra
Answer:Salman Khan
Explanation:
Bollywood superstar Salman Khan has been ranked rst on the 2016 Forbes India Celebrity 100
List with an estimated income of Rs 270.33 crore. The Forbes ranking is based on two
parameters: estimates of entertainment-related earnings and estimates of fame during the
period October 2015 to September 2016. Beside him, Shah Rukh Khan has been ranked second,
followed by Virat Kohli, actor Akshay Kumar and MS Dhoni.
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162. What is the theme of 2016 National Consumer Day (NCD)?

[A]Healthy environment & healthy food
[B]Safe & healthy food
[C]Combat food adulteration
[D]Alternate consumer disputes redressal
Answer:Alternate consumer disputes redressal
Explanation:
The National Consumer Day (NCD) is observed every year in India on December 24 to promote
the basic rights of all consumers. On this day, the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 had received
the assent of the President. This year, in 2016, the Ministry of Consumer Aairs will celebrate the
NCD with the theme Alternate Consumer Disputes Redressal at Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi.
163. The first 2G (Second Generation) ethanol bio-refinery will be set up in which state of India?
[A]Haryana
[B]Punjab
[C]Uttar Pradesh
[D]Odisha
Answer:Punjab
Explanation:
The rst 2G (Second Generation) ethanol bio-renery will be set up at village Tarkhanwala in
Bathinda, Punjab with an approximate investment of Rs 600 crores. The Hindustan Petroleum
Corporation Limited (HPCL), a Central Government Public Sector Undertaking, will set up the
project. The foundation stone laying ceremony for the project will held on December 25, 2016.
The purpose of the bio-renery is to encourage production of Second Generation (2G) Ethanol
from agricultural residues to provide additional sources of remuneration to farmers, address the
growing environmental concerns and support the Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) programme for
achieving 10% Ethanol Blending in Petrol.
164. Consider the following statements regarding to 2016 Womens Under-18 Asia Cup hockey
tournament: a) India bagged bronze in the tournament. B) China and Japan has acquired first &
second position in the tournament. Which of the following statements is/are true?
[A]Only a
[B]Only b
[C]Both a & b
Answer:Both a & b
Explanation:
Indian Womens Under-18 team has clinched the bronze medal in the 2016 Womens Under-18
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Asia Cup hockey tournament at the National Hockey Training Centre in Bangkok, Thailand by
defeating Republic of Korea by 3-0. For their creditable bronze-winning performance, Hockey
India announced cash rewards of Rs. 1 lakh for each player and Rs. 50,000 for each of the
support sta. Beside this, China has clinched gold where as Japan won silver medal in the 2016
Womens Under-18 Asia Cup hockey tournament.
165. Which countrys football team has won the 2016 FIFA Team of the year title?
[A]France
[B]Germany
[C]Argentina
[D]Brazil
Answer:Argentina
Explanation:
The Argentina national football team has won the 2016 FIFA Team of the year title.
166. Shiva Keshavan is associated with which sports?

[A]Wushu
[B]Luge
[C]Swimming
[D]Table Tennis
Answer:Luge
Explanation:
Shiva Keshavan from India has recently won gold at the 2016 Asian Luge Championship in
Nagano, Japan. He dominated the event and nished the 2 heat race with a time of with a time of
1 minute, 39.962 seconds and top speed of 130.4 km/h to clinch the title. Shiva will take part in
the 2017 World Championship in Innsbruck, Austria and will compete in the World Cup circuit in
the lead up to the qualication process for the 2018 Olympic Winter Games in Korea.
167. Pratikar-I the first-ever joint military exercise will be held between Nepal and which of the
following countries?
[A]China
[B]Japan
[C]United States
[D]Pakistan
Answer:China
Explanation:
The rst-ever joint military exercise Pratikar-I will be held between Nepal and China on
February 10, 2017. The focus of the military exercise will be on training Nepali forces in dealing
with hostage scenarios involving international terror groups.
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168. Which famous personality has launched book series Tactabet for visually impaired children?
[A]Maneka Gandhi
[B]Hrithik Roshan
[C]Sachin Tendulkar
[D]Narendra Modi
Answer:Hrithik Roshan
Explanation:
The Bollywood actor Hrithik Roshan has recently launched a one of its kind Braille-Tactile
childrens book series Tactabet in Mumbai, Maharashtra. The alphabets books available in both
Hindi and English are created to enable integrated and fun learning for visually impaired and kids
with low vision. The child is not only able to learn his alphabets but instantly feel the shape of
the word associated with each one of them. Tactabet is the brainchild of the team behind White
Print, Indias rst English lifestyle magazine in Braille.
169. Google toilet locator has been launched by which union minister?
[A]Narendra Modi
[B]Rajnath Singh
[C]Venkaiah Naidu
[D]Maneka Gandhi
Answer:Venkaiah Naidu
Explanation:
The Union minister of Urban Development, Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation and
Information & Broadcasting (I&B), M. Venkaiah Naidu has recently launched Google toilet
locator mobile app in partnership with Google. The app will integrate data on all public
toiletseven those in private buildingswith Google maps. The app will have additional features
such as cleanliness ratings, whether the toilet is of western or Indian style, or if it is free or paid.
The app will have listings covering Delhi NCR, including Ghaziabad, Gurugram, Noida and
Faridabad and Bhopal and Indore in Madhya Pradesh. Toilets can be located not just through the
app, but on the desktop as well. The service will be accessible to users both in English and Hindi
language.
170. Consider the following statements: a) Praful Patel is the president of All India Football
Federation (AIFF). B) The headquarters of All India Football Federation (AIFF) is at Pune. Which of
the following statements is/are true?
[A]Only a
[B]Only b
[C]Both a & b
Answer:Only a
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Explanation:
Praful Patel,an Indian politician and businessman, has been re-elected as the president of All
India Football Federation (AIFF) for the term 2017-2020. The AIFF is the organisation which
manages the game of association football in India. The headquarters of AIFF is located at New
Delhi.
171. Which of the following islands in India was once named New Denmark?
[A]Salsatte Island
[B]Elephanta Island
[C]Lakshadweep
[D]Andaman & Nicobar Island
Answer:Andaman & Nicobar Island
Explanation:
In 1759, the Nicobar Islands were made a Danish colony, rst named New Denmark and later as
Fredericks Islands.
172. Which of the following communities has become the first Scheduled Tribe of Puducherry?
[A]Eravallan
[B]Kammara
[C]Irular
[D]Kattunayakan
Answer:Irular
Explanation:
On 23 December 2016, the president has given his assent to declaration of Irular community
(including Villi and Vettaikaran) in the Scheduled Tribes list. With this decision, Puducherry has
got its rst Scheduled Tribes.
173. National Index for Performance on Health Outcomes has been launched recently by NITI
Aayog to __?
[A]Map the incremental improvement in health by states of India
[B]Map and index the outcomes of schemes run by Ministry of Health
[C]Rank the states as per public expenditure on health
[D]Provide inputs to finance commission for including health as a criterion for grants-in-aid
Answer:Map the incremental improvement in health by states of India
Explanation:
The Performance on Health Outcomes index has been launched by NITI Aayog to capture the
annual incremental improvements by States, rather than focus on historical achievements.
174. With which of the following, the BliSS scheme is related to __?
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[A]Travel & Tourism Promotion

[B]Mother and Child Health
[C]Biotechnology Education
[D]Business & Economy Transactions
Answer:Biotechnology Education
Explanation:
Biotech Labs in Senior Secondary Schools (BliSS) is a scheme to encourage students to consider
careers in biotechnology. This scheme envisages to establish labs in North-Eastern States viz.
Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura, Nagaland, Sikkim and Manipur.
175. Vittiya Saksharata Abhiyan (VISAKA) is an initiative of which of the following ministries?
[A]Ministry of Finance
[B]Ministry of Human Resource Development
[C]Ministry of Commerce
[D]Ministry of Textiles
Answer:Ministry of Human Resource Development
Explanation:
Vittiya Saksharata Abhiyan (VISAKA) was launched by the Union Ministry for Human Resource
Development (HRD) to make people aware about cashless economic system.
176. The China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) links the Pakistani port of Gwadar with
Kashgar in China. In which of the following provinces, Kashgar is located in China?
[A]Xinjiang
[B]Qinghai
[C]Shaanxi
[D]Ningxia
Answer:Xinjiang
Explanation:
CPEC is an important part of Chinas Belt and Road initiative and links the Pakistani port of
Gwadar with Kashgar in Chinas Xinjiang province.
177. The agreement to buy or sell a debt instrument at a specified future date at a pre-determined
price is called?
[A]Interest Rate Future
[B]Hedge
[C]Option
[D]Interest Rate Derivative
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Answer:Interest Rate Future

Explanation:
An IRF contract is an agreement to buy or sell a debt instrument at a specied future date at a
pre-determined price. The cash-settled IRFs provide market participants an option to hedge risks
arising from uctuations in interest rates, which depend on various factors, including RBI policy,
demand for liquidity and ow of overseas funds.
178. Which country recently won the Asian Cricket Council Under-19 Asia Cup title?
[A]India
[B]Sri Lanka
[C]West Indies
[D]Bangladesh
Answer:India
Explanation:
India dished out a clinical performance to beat hosts Sri Lanka by 34 runs and lift the Asian
Cricket Council Under-19 Asia Cup title on December 23, 2016.
179. Which is the first country in the world to use drones for national mail service?
[A]UK
[B]France
[C]Sweden
[D]China
Answer:France
Explanation:
France became the rst country in the world to use drones for national mail service. French
postal service announced a drone delivery program to deliver parcels on a 14-kilometre route
once a week to reach mountainous regions. These mail drones will have a range of 19 km and a
top speed of 30.5 kmph. They also have parachutes for safe emergency landing.
180. Which of the following is an OPEC country?

[A]Russia
[B]Kazakhstan
[C]Brazil
[D]Nigeria
Answer:Nigeria
Explanation:
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an intergovernmental organization
of twelve oil-producing countries made up of Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya,
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Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela.
181. Who has been selected for the prestigious 2016 Jnanpith Award?
[A]Kedarnath Singh
[B]Ravuri Bharadhwaja
[C]Chandrashekhara Kambara
[D]Shankha Ghosh
Answer:Shankha Ghosh
Explanation:
Shankha Ghosh, the well-known Bengali poet, critic and academician, has been selected for the
prestigious 52nd edition of the Jnanpith Award (2016) by the Government of India (GoI) for his
poetic idiom and experiments with various poetic forms mark his greatness as a creative talent.
With this, Ghosh has become the 6th Bengali author to win Indias highest literary award after
Mahasweta Devi, Tarashankar Bandopadhyay, Ashapurna Devi, Subhash Mukhopadhyay and
Bishnu Dey. The Jnanpith Award is presented every year to a literary gure for their outstanding
contribution in literature. The award carries a citation, prize money of Rs. 12 lakh and a bronze
replica of Goddess Saraswati.
182. Which of the following transactions are eligible through Digi-Dhan Vyapar Yojana for
merchants?
[A]Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD)
[B]Aadhaar Enabled Payment System (AEPS)
[C]Unified Payment Interface (UPI)
[D]All of the above
Answer:All of the above
Explanation:
The Union government will launched the Digi-Dhan Vyapar Yojana for Merchants and Lucky
Grahak Yojana for Consumers in New Delhi. The purpose of the schemes is to encourage people
to move towards signicantly higher usage of digital transactions through the oer of incentives.
Both the schemes will be implemented by National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI). For
these schemes, only those transactions that take place through RuPay Cards, Unstructured
Supplementary Service Data (USSD), Unied Payment Interface (UPI) and Aadhaar Enabled
Payment System (AEPS) are eligible. The schemes will be launched with the rst draw by the
Minister for Electronics and Information Technology Ravi Shankar Prasad and Finance Minister
Arun Jaitley on December 25, 2016. Winners will be selected on a daily and weekly basis under
the Lucky Grahak Yojana and weekly basis under the Digi-Dhan Vyapar Yojana, leading up to
April 14, 2014, when the schemes will culminate with a mega draw. The draws for these events
will be taken out in 100 dierent cities around the country, in a ceremony accompanied by a
digital payments adoption fair DigiDhan Mela.
183. The Union Ministry of Consumer Affairs has recently launched OCMC to provide speedy
redressal of consumer grievances. What does OCMC stands for?
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[A]Online Consumer Media Centre (OCMC)

[B]Online Consumer Mediator Centre (OCMC)
[C]Online Consumer Mediacy Centre (OCMC)
[D]Online Consumer Mediation Centre (OCMC)
Answer:Online Consumer Mediation Centre (OCMC)
Explanation:
The Union Minister of Consumer Aairs, Ram Vilas Paswan has recently launched an Online
Consumer Mediation Centre (OCMC) in association with the Bengalurus National Law School of
India University (NLSIU) to provide speedy redressal of consumer grievances in New Delhi.
Initially, the OCMC deal with only cases related to e-commerce companies and will facilitate
online and even physical mediation between consumers and companies. Apart from this, ministry
has also launched Smart Consumer mobile App and helpline no. 14404 for consumer related
grievances and also launched Microsite based on the theme Digitally Safe Consumer Campaign
to help consumers for being vigilant and not falling prey to cyber frauds.The basic purpose of the
Centre is to encourage consumers and companies to go for pre-litigation and provide them with
an option to settle disputes amicably.
184. Who has won the 2016 All India Football Federation (AIFF) Player of the Year?
[A]Jeje Lalpekhlua
[B]Rowllin Borges
[C]Uvena Fernandes
[D]Gurpreet Singh Sandhu
Answer:Jeje Lalpekhlua
Explanation:
Jeje Lalpekhlua, the Mohun Bagan and Chennaiyin FC striker, has been named the 2016 All India
Football Federation (AIFF) Player of the Year. He will be presented a prize of Rs. 2.5 lakh along
with the glittering Trophy. Beside this, AIFF inducts two 2016 AIFF Award for Special Recognition
awards for Gurpreet Singh Sandhu and Uvena Fernandes. They will be bestowed with Rs. 1 lakh
and a trophy piece.
185. EazyPay a mobile-based application for merchants has been launched by which of the
following banks?
[A]State Bank of India
[B]ICICI Bank
[C]HDFC Bank
[D]Punjab National Bank
Answer:ICICI Bank
Explanation:
The ICICI bank has recently launched EazyPay a mobile-based application for merchants that
250
allow consolidation of all modes of payments, including digital wallets, Unied Payments
Interface (UPI), QR code, and credit & debit cards. The app is a one-stop solution for all
merchants to collect payments from their customers, allows multiple users to connect to the
same account. This makes it possible to be used for cash-on-delivery payments.
186. Chetan Ramarao, who passed recently, was the noted film actor of which language?
[A]Telugu
[B]Malayalam
[C]Kannada
[D]Tamil
Answer:Kannada
Explanation:
The veteran Kannada lm actor, Chetan Ramarao (76) has recently passed away in Mysuru,
Karnataka. Ramarao had acted in more than 350 lms in his career spanning almost ve
decades.
187. The Good Governance Day (GGD) is observed on which day in India?
[A]December 23
[B]December 24
[C]December 26
[D]December 25
Answer:December 25
Explanation:
The Good Governance Day (GGD) is observed every year in India to mark the birth anniversary of
former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. The day was established to honor Prime Minister
Vajpayee by fostering awareness among the Indian people of accountability in government. From
December 25, 2016, the Good Governance campaign will be undertaken for 100 days during
which Ministers and Members of Parliament (MoP) will travel across the country and attend
programmes highlighting the governments key initiatives. The eort of the government is to
improve delivery systems, to promote digital transformation and take forward the connectivity
revolution in all sectors.
188. The book On the Front Line: The Collected Journalism has been authored by whom?
[A]Martha Gellhorn
[B]Lynsey Addario
[C]Marie Colvin
[D]Paul Conroy
Answer:Marie Colvin
Explanation:
The book On the Front Line: The Collected Journalism has been authored by noted journalist
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Marie Colvin. It is a collection of authors nest work that includes her various interviews with
Yasser Arafat and Colonel Gada, reports from East Timor in 1999 where she shamed the UN
into protecting its refugees, accounts of her terrifying escape from the Russian army in Chechnya
and reports from the strongholds of the Sri Lankan Tamil Tigers where she was hit by shrapnel,
leaving her blind in one eye and many more.
189. The 2018 Womens Hockey World Cup will be held in which country?
[A]India
[B]England
[C]Sri Lanka
[D]New Zealand
Answer:England
Explanation:
The 2018 Womens Hockey World Cup will be held between July 721, 2018 in London, England.
Recently, the International Hockey Federation (FIH) has adopted some changes regarding to
2018 Hockey World Cup viz. a 16-team competition per gender, 4 pools of 4 teams each, winners
of each pool qualies for Quarter Finals, last placed team in each Pool eliminated, ranking of
eliminated teams based on their performance at the time of elimination, etc. It was also decided
that the 2022 Hockey World Cup would also be a 16-team competition, per gender. The 2018
Mens Hockey World Cup will held from 28 November to 16 December 2018 in Odisha, India.
190. The 2016 ACC Under-19 Asia Cup cricket tournament has been won by which country?
[A]India
[B]New Zealand
[C]England
[D]Australia
Answer:India
Explanation:
India has won the 2016 Asian Cricket Council Under-19 Asia Cup title by defeating Sri Lanka by
34 runs in the nal at R. Premadasa Stadium in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The international
tournament was the part of the qualication process for the 2018 ICC Under-19 Cricket World
Cup, which will be held in New Zealand from January 12 to February 4, 2018.
191. Aadhaar Pay an aadhaar-linked cashless merchant solution has been launched by which bank?
[A]State Bank of India
[B]IDFC Bank
[C]ICICI Bank
[D]HDFC Bank
Answer:IDFC Bank
Explanation:
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IDFC Bank has recently launched the aadhaar-linked cashless merchant solution Aadhaar Pay
that uses a retailers smartphone to enable digital payments. It has been developed by IDFC
Bank in association with Unique Identication Authority of India (UIDAI) and the National
Payments Corporation of India (NPCI). There are no transaction fees for both merchants and
customers. The IDFC Aadhaar Pay will enable millions of merchants across the country to
facilitate cashless purchases for customers in a cost-eective and scalable way.
192. The book India-US relations in the age of uncertainity has been authored by whom?
[A]Ian Hall
[B]B M Jain
[C]Pratap Bhanu Mehta
[D]T V Paul
Answer:B M Jain
Explanation:
The book India-US Relations in the Age of Uncertainty: An uneasy courtship has been authored
by BM Jain. It oers a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of US-India relations from
estranged democracies to strategic partners.
193. Which of the following will launched Digitally Safe Consumer campaign in India?
[A]Facebook
[B]Twitter
[C]Microsoft
[D]Google
Answer:Google
Explanation:
The Google India will launch Digitally Safe Consumer campaign with the Ministry of Consumer
Aairs in 2017 to raise awareness and protect consumer interest on the internet. As part of the
campaign, Google will work on educating consumer organisations in India, help in training
members of the Consumer Aairs department and also work with ocials in the National
Consumer Helpline.
194. George Michael, who passed away recently, was the famous singer of which country?
[A]England
[B]Germany
[C]United States
[D]France
Answer:England
Explanation:
George Michael (53), the British pop superstar and founding member of Wham!, has recently
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passed away at Goring, England. He sold more than 100 million albums in his career.
195. Who has been appointed as the special secretary in the internal security department of the
Ministry of Home Affairs?
[A]R K Dutta
[B]P S Kharge
[C]Anil Sinha
[D]Rakesh Asthana
Answer:R K Dutta
Explanation:
Rupak Kumar Dutta, the senior IPS ocer, has been appointed as the new special secretary in
the internal security department of the Ministry of Home Aairs and will be at the post till
October 31, 2017 i.e. the date of his superannuation. Dutta served for nearly 14 years in Central
Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and was special director in CBI since 2014 and had handled two
important Supreme Court-monitored cases such as the 2G spectrum allocation and coal block
allocation cases, in which several politicians and businessmen are facing trial. Besides Dutta, M K
Singla is already working as Special Secretary (Internal Security). Thus,it is for the rst time that
two Special Secretaries would work in the Home Ministry for the crucial internal security division.
196. Dinanath Bhargava, who sketched national emblem Lion Capital of Ashoka, was belonged to
which state of India?
[A]Uttar Pradesh
[B]Himachal Pradesh
[C]Odisha
[D]Madhya Pradesh
Explanation:
Dinanath Bhargava (89), an international fame painter, has recently passed away in Indore,
Madhya Pradesh. He was the co-artist in the team that sketched the national emblem Lion
Capital of Ashoka and decorated the pages of the Constitutions manuscript. The wash paintings
made by him are unique in the world.
197. DAMAN a new malaria control programme will be launch by which state government of
India?
[A]Punjab
[B]Karnataka
[C]Uttar Pradesh
[D]Odisha
Answer:Odisha
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Explanation:
The Odisha Government will launch a new malaria control programme Durgama Anchalare
Malaria Nirakaran (DAMAN) for 5 years with a total spending of Rs. 120 crore. The programme
will be implemented in 8,000 villages of all 79 blocks of eight high malaria endemic southern
districts: Koraput, Malkangiri, Nabarangapur, Kalahandi, Rayagada, Gajapati, Nuapada and
Kandhamal. This programme includes mass screening for malaria with treatment of positive
cases along with intensied surveillance, mosquito control measures and regular health
education activities throughout the year.
198. Nock-Ten typhoon has recently hit which country?

[A]Malaysia
[B]Philippines
[C]Indonesia
[D]Maldives
Answer:Philippines
Explanation:
The powerful typhoon Nock-Ten has recently hit the coast near Catanduanes Island in
Philippines with winds up to 140 km/ hour. The typhoon, locally known as Nina in the Philippines,
damaged homes, uprooting trees and knocked down communications. The typhoon is expected
to pass across the main island of Luzon, before heading into the South China Sea.
199. Which bollywood personality has been conferred honorary doctorate by the Maulana Azad
National Urdu University?
[A]Aamir Khan
[B]Nawazuddin Siddiqui
[C]Shahrukh Khan
[D]Salman Khan
Answer:Shahrukh Khan
Explanation:
Bollywood actor Shahrukh Khan has been conferred honorary doctorate at the 6th convocation of
the Maulana Azad National Urdu University in Hyderabad for extraordinary contribution towards
promotion of Urdu language and culture. Beside him, Rekhta Foundation founder Sanjiv Saraf has
also conferred the honorius causa (doctor of letters) at the convocation.
200. Nagar Uday Abhiyan has been launched by which state government of India?
[A]Chhattisgarh
[B]Madhya Pradesh
[C]Assam
[D]Himachal Pradesh
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Explanation:
The Madhya Pradesh government has recently launched Nagar Uday Abhiyan on December 25,
2016 in all 378 urban bodies in the state. The main aim of the Nagar Uday Abhiyan is to assess
services provided to citizens and bring them at standard live, inform lower income class people
residing in slums in urban areas about public welfare schemes and provide benet of Antodaya,
also inform them about works carried out for urban development and ensure contribution of
citizens and other agencies in urban development schemes. The rst phase will be held between
December 25 and 28; the 2nd phase will be conducted between January 3 and 15 and the 3rd
phase will take place between January 20 and February 5, 2017.
201. Atal Amrit Abhiyan a health insurance scheme has been launched by which state government
of India?
[A]Assam
[B]Haryana
[C]Andhra Pradesh
[D]Punjab
Answer:Assam
Explanation:
The Assam Government has recently launched a health insurance scheme Atal-Amrit Abhiyan
to provide coverage against several critical illnesses. The scheme will oer coverage against 437
illnesses in six disease groups viz. cardiovascular, cancer, kidney, neo-natal, neurological
conditions and burns. Both Below Poverty Line (BPL) and Above Poverty Line (APL) families, with
annual income below Rs 5 lakh, are eligible for the scheme.
202. Which country has successfully tested its 5th generation stealth fighter jet FC-31 Gyrfalcon?
[A]India
[B]China
[C]Pakistan
[D]South Korea
Answer:China
Explanation:
China has successfully tested the newest version of the J-31stealth ghter FC-31 Gyrfalcon, the
5th generation ghter jet. The twin-engine jet is manufactured by Shenyang Aircraft Corp., a
subsidiary of the Aviation Industry Corp of China (AVIC). The new FC-31 has better stealth
capabilities, improved electronic equipment and a larger payload capacity.
203. Vera Rubin, who passed away recently, was the noted astronomer of which country?
[A]Germany
[B]United Kingdom
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[C]United States
[D]France
Explanation:
Vera Rubin (88), an American astronomer who pioneered work on galaxy rotation rates, has
recently passed away in Princeton, New Jersey. In 1974, Rubin discovered that the stars at the
edges of galaxies moved faster than expected. She uncovered the discrepancy between the
predicted angular motion of galaxies and the observed motion, by studying galactic rotation
curves. To reconcile her observations with the law of gravity, scientists proposed there was
matter we cannot see and called it dark matter. Dark matter is an unidentied type of matter
comprising approximately 27% of the mass and energy in the observable universe.
204. Bank Sakhi scheme has been launched by which grameen bank of India?
[A]Madhyanchal Gramin Bank (MGB)
[B]Narmada Jhabua Gramin Bank (NJGB)
[C]Prathama Bank
[D]Karnataka Vikas Grameen Bank (KVGB)
Answer:Karnataka Vikas Grameen Bank (KVGB)
Explanation:
The Karnataka Vikas Grameen Bank (KVGB) has recently launched Bank Sakhi innovative
scheme for employing women in villages to promote and improve the cashless transactions in
rural areas at a programme held at Adavi Somapura village in Gadag district, Karnataka. A Bank
Sakhi is someone who has been a member of a self-help group involved in conducting banking
and book-keeping activities of the group. As a Bank Sakhi, she will provide a range of nancial
services on behalf of the bank to her community. The local self-groups which provide capacity
enhancement, training and nancial awareness in the community, will support her. The Bank
Sakhi is paid a commission by the bank for dierent services, which covers her costs and
provides her with an income.
205. The book Emperor Chandragupta has been authored by whom?

[A]Adity Kay
[B]Kavita Kane
[C]Krishna Udayasankar
[D]Shatrujeet Nath
Answer:Adity Kay
Explanation:
The book Emperor Chandragupta has been authored by Adity Kay. This is the story of a youth
who fought against all odds within and without to become one of the greatest emperors ever
known. This is the story of Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the Maurya Empire in India.
206. Ratnasiri Wickremanayake, who passed away recently, was the former Prime Minister of which
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country?
[A]Maldivies
[B]Sri Lanka
[C]Myanmar
[D]Malaysia
Answer:Sri Lanka
Explanation:
Ratnasiri Wickremanayake (83), the former Prime Minister of Sri Lanka, has recently passed
away Colombo, Sri Lanka. He was the Prime Minister of Sri Lanka from 2000 to 2001 and again
from 2005 to 2010.
207. The Chardham highway project will come up in which state of India?
[A]Jharkhand
[B]Sikkim
[C]Bihar
[D]Uttarakhand
Answer:Uttarakhand
Explanation:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has laid the foundation stone for the Chardham highway
development project (or the Chardham Mahamarg Vikas Pariyojna) at Parade Ground in
Dehradun, Uttarakhand to improve connectivity to the Char Dham pilgrimage centres (Gangotri,
Yamunotri, Kedarnath and Badrinath) in the Himalayas. The purpose of the project is to develop
around 900 km of national highways. These highways will be built in Uttarakhand at an
approximate cost of Rs.12,000 crore.
208. Samit Gohel is associated with which sports?

[A]Cricket
[B]Badminton
[C]Boxing
[D]Wrestling
Answer:Cricket
Explanation:
Samit Gohel, the opening batsman of Gujarat, has broke a 117-year-old record in the rst-class
cricket by notching up the highest score while carrying his bat through the innings of 359 not out
during his teams Ranji Trophy quarter-nal against Odisha at Jaipur, Rajasthan. Gohel broke the
record of Surreys Bobby Abel, who had scored 357 for Surrey against Somerset at the Oval in
1899 to register the highest score by an opener carrying his bat in rst-class cricket.
209. Who is the newly appointed Director General of National Cadet Corps (NCC)?
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[A]L L Maldev
[B]Vikram Aggarwal
[C]Vinod Vashisht
[D]A Chakravarty
Answer:Vinod Vashisht
Explanation:
Lt Gen Vinod Vashisht is the newly appointed Director General of National Cadet Corps (NCC).
Prior to this appointment, he was the Commandant at Ocers Training Academy at Gaya, Bihar.
He succeeded Lt Gen A Chakravarty, who retired on August 31, 2016.
210. The registration fees for Indian citizenship of which neighboring countries Hindus have been
reduced to Rs. 100?
[A]Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh
[B]Pakistan, Myanmar and Bhutan
[C]Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh
[D]Pakistan, China and Sri Lanka
Answer:Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh
Explanation:
The registration fees for Hindus and other minority community people from three neighbouring
countries namely Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh, as Indian citizens have been reduced to
as low as Rs.100 from Rs.15,000. The new rules will be applicable to minority communities-
Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians-from these nations and living in India on
Long Term Visa. Though, for minority community people from countries other than the three, the
fees will be Rs 10,000 for registration in India and Rs 15,000 if registered elsewhere. The
changes have been made after amending various provisions of the Citizenship Rules 2009. The
new rules also allow the minority members from the neighbouring countries to take oath of
allegiance as an Indian citizen in front of Sub-Divisional Magistrate, in case of absence of
Collector, Deputy Commissioner or District Magistrate.
211. Nedumkayam, which has become the Indias first cashless and digital tribal colony, is in which
state/union territory?
[A]Kerala
[B]Tamil Nadu
[C]Puducherry
[D]Andhra Pradesh
Answer:Nedumkayam
Explanation:
Nedumkayam, Nilambur in Malapuram District of Kerala has become the Indias rst cashless
and digital tribal colony. The people of this colony, in spite of threats from the Maoists, are all set
259
for digital transactions. The declaration was made after adequate training for the entire tribal
people of the colony in cashless transaction and digital literacy. The training was completed with
the support of National Service Scheme, volunteers of an Arts and Science College at Kondotty
and Jan Sikshan Sansthan, of Malappuram district.
212. Sunderlal Patwa, who passed away recently, was the former chief minister of which state of
India?
[A]Uttar Pradesh
[B]Madhya Pradesh
[C]Rajasthan
[D]Haryana
Explanation:
Sunderlal Patwa (92), the former chief minister of Madhya Pradesh and senior BJP leader, has
recently passed away in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Patwa was the chief minister of Madhya
Pradesh twice from January 20, 1980 to February 17, 1980 when he was in the Janata Party and
then from March 5, 1990 to December 15, 1992 when he led the Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP).
213. Which of the following states will host the 2022 National Games?
[A]Uttarakhand
[B]Andhra Pradesh
[C]Meghalaya
[D]Chhattisgarh
Answer:Meghalaya
Explanation:
Meghalaya will host the 2022 National Games, which is coinciding with its 50 years of statehood.
The Meghalaya State Olympic Association president John F Kharshiing has stated that the Indian
Olympic Association (IOA) has accepted Meghalayas bid to host the prestigious games following
the successful South Asian Games, which was co-hosted by Shillong and Guwahati in 2016.
Meghalaya had pledged Rs. 5 crore as the bid amount for the game. Till date, only two states in
the North-East have hosted the National Games Manipur in 1999 and Assam in 2007.
214. The 2016 National Children Science Congress (NCSC) programme has started in which of the
following cities?
[A]New Delhi
[B]Chennai
[C]Ahmedabad
[D]Pune
Answer:Pune
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Explanation:
The 24th edition of National Childrens and Science Congress (NCSC) has started at
Vidyapratisthans Institute of Information Technology (VIIT) in Baramati, Pune on December 27,
2016. The focal theme of 5-day NCSC programme is Science, Technology and Innovation for
Sustainable Development: With special emphasis on Accessibility for Persons with Disability. The
NCSC is an ideal and innovative programme for children to inspire, empower and expand their
minds to world. It is a agship programme of department of Science & Technology, Ministry of
Science and Technology.
215. Which state government will create new ministry for Vimukta Jati and Nomadic Tribes
(VJNT), OBCs and SBCs?
[A]Maharashtra
[B]Andhra Pradesh
[C]Kerala
[D]Uttar Pradesh
Answer:Maharashtra
Explanation:
The Maharashtra government will create a new ministry for welfare of Vimukta Jati and Nomadic
Tribes (VJNT), OBCs and Special Backward classes (SBCs) and will be headed by an independent
minister.
216. Who has been appointed as the new deputy governor of Reserve Bank of India (RBI)?
[A]Abhay Kumar
[B]Viral Acharya
[C]Suresh Jaiswal
[D]Anirudh Jain
Answer:Viral Acharya
Explanation:
Prof. Viral Acharya, an economics professor of the United States University, has been appointed
as the new deputy governor of Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for a term of 3 years. The post was
vacant after elevation of Urjit Patel as the Governor of RBI in September 2016.
217. Who has won gold in the Women Elites 500m individual time trial event in the 2016 Senior
National Track Cycling?
[A]Sonali Chanu
[B]Kezia Varghese
[C]Deborah Herold
[D]Anu Chutia
Answer:Deborah Herold
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Explanation:
Deborah Herold of Andaman and Nicobar Islands has won gold in the Women Elites 500m
individual time trial event in the 69th Senior National Track Cycling at LNCPE velodrome in
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. In it, Kezia Varghese of Kerala bagged the silver while Anu Chutia
of Assam has won bronze.
218. Who has been chosen for 2016 Bihari Puraskar?

[A]Hemant Shesh
[B]Om Thanvi
[C]Satya Narayan
[D]Bhagwati Lal Vyas
Answer:Satya Narayan
Explanation:
Dr. Satya Narayan, the well-known Rajasthani litterateur, has been chosen for the 26th edition of
Bihari Puraskar for 2016 for his Hindi book titled, Yeh Ek Dunia. The book is a meticulous
depiction of various circumstances of life in the contemporary world. The award consists of a
cash prize of Rs. 2 lakhs, a citation and a plaque. The Bihari Puraskar is a literary award
instituted by K. K. Birla Foundation . It is named after the famous Hindi poet Bihari Lal Chaube
and is awarded to an outstanding work published in Hindi or Rajasthani by a Rajasthani writer.
219. The book I am a troll has been authored by whom?

[A]Swati Chaturvedi
[B]Ruskin Bond
[C]Chetan Bhagat
[D]Pritam Dubey
Answer:Swati Chaturvedi
Explanation:
The book I am a troll has been authored by journalist Swati Chaturvedi. The author targets the
trolling aair of ruling government in the social media. The book pointed that when the ruling
government of a democracy carefully constructs, contrives and calibrates a social media culture
where dissent towards a leader or an ideology or even a party is reciprocated in the worst
possible manner, it is a matter of extreme worry and it becomes obligatory to initiate a dialogue
and debate and especially when it becomes part of our daily existence. This very evil has been
questioned in the new book of the author.
220. The 2017 Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit will take place in which city?
[A]Rajkot
[B]Surat
[C]Gandhinagar
[D]Ahmedabad
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Answer:Gandhinagar
Explanation:
The 8th edition of Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit will be held at Mahatma mandir, Gandhinagar
from January 10th to 13th, 2017. The central focus of the 2017 Global Summit is Sustainable
Economic and Social Development. The Summit will bring together Heads of States and
Governments, Ministers, Leaders from the Corporate World, Senior Policy Makers, Heads of
International Institutions and Academia from around the world to further the cause of
development and promote cooperation.
221. Swachh Swasth Sarvatra initiative has been launched by the Union Health Ministry in
collaboration with which union ministry?
[A]Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
[B]Ministry of Finance
[C]Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation
[D]Ministry of AYUSH
Answer:Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
Explanation:
The Swachh Swasth Sarvatra is a joint initiative of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and
the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation to achieve better health outcomes through
improved sanitation and increased awareness and healthy lifestyles. It has been launched to
strengthen Community Health Centres (CHCs) in 708 Open Defecation Free (ODF) blocks in India
to enable them achieve higher levels of cleanliness and hygiene. Under it, Rs. 10 lakh of nancial
assistance will be given to the CHCs so that they can be strengthened to meet the standards of
sanitation, hygiene and infection control. The initiative is a part of the Swachh Bharat Mission,
under the National Health Mission. It is focused on the twin objectives of constructing toilets and
enabling behavioural change, with the goal of making India Open Defecation free by 2nd
October, 2019.
222. The 77th session of Indian History Congress (IHC) has started in which state of India?
[A]Tamil Nadu
[B]Kerala
[C]Karnataka
[D]Andhra Pradesh
Answer:Kerala
Explanation:
President Pranab Mukherjee has inaugurated the 77th session of Indian History Congress (IHC) at
University of Kerala in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala on December 29, 2016. Over 3,000 historians
and research scholars will attend the 3-day session of Congress. The IHC is the largest
professional and academic body of Indian historians with over 10,000 members. Its current
President is Radha Champakalakshmi of Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU).
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223. Indias first Digi Dhan mela has been held in which state to promote cashless transactions?
[A]Jharkhand
[B]Uttar Pradesh
[C]Haryana
[D]Odisha
Answer:Haryana
Explanation:
Indias rst Digi Dhan mela has been held in Gurugram, Haryana on December 26, 2016 to
promote digital and cashless transactions. In it, a customer can purchase any item meant for
sale by paying digitally only. All daily use items ranging from vegetables to general store,
handicrafts, horticulture products, seed & fertilizers for farmers, etc., were available in this fair
and the customers had to make payment through digital mode. The Village Level Entrepreneurs
(VLE) working at the Common Service Centres educated the masses about how to use digital
mode for making payments, instead of hard cash. The next Digi Dhan Mela will be organized in
Dehradun on December 29, 2016 to promote plastic money.
224. Who has been appointed as the new Lt Governor of Delhi?

[A]Vishnu Sahay
[B]Pradeep Sinha
[C]K M Chandrasekhar
[D]Anil Baijal
Answer:Anil Baijal
Explanation:
Anil Baijal, a 1969 batch IAS ocer, has been appointed as the new Lt Governor of Delhi. He
succeeded Najeeb Jung, who recently resigned from the post. Baijal had served as Union Home
Secretary under the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government besides holding key positions in other
ministries.
225. Prafulla Haldankar, who passed away recently, was the famous player of which sports?
[A]Table Tennis
[B]Badminton
[C]Wrestling
[D]Boxing
Answer:Table Tennis
Explanation:
Prafulla Haldankar (79), the former international table tennis player, has recently passed away in
Mumbai, Maharashtra. He was ranked rst in India in 1961-62 season and also represented the
country in two Asian Championships and two World Championships. After retiring from the game
he was the coach of Indian Railways for many years. He worked for Western Railway and retired
264
in 1995 as Chief Welfare Inspector from DRM oce, Bombay Central.
226. Which High Level Committee (HLC) will be constituted by Union Government to review
institutionalization of arbitration mechanism in India?
[A]B N Srikrishna
[B]Araghya Sengupta
[C]Ravindra Bhat
[D]Indu Malhotra
Answer:B N Srikrishna
Explanation:
The Government of India (GoI) will constitute a High Level Committee (HLC) to review
institutionalization of arbitration mechanism in India. The committee will be headed by Justice B
N Srikrishna, the retired Judge of Supreme Court. The terms of reference for the HLC are such as
to analyze & review eectiveness of present arbitration mechanism, to review the facilities,
resources, funding and manpower of existing ADR institutions and to review working of the
institutions funded by the Government of India (GoI) for arbitration purposes.
227. Debbie Reynolds, who passed away recently, was the legendary actress of which country?
[A]Brazil
[B]Germany
[C]France
[D]California
Answer:California
Explanation:
Debbie Reynolds (84), the legendary actress of Hollywood, has recently passed away in Los
Angeles, California on December 28, 2016. She is known for role in The Aairs of Dobie Gillis,
Bundle of Joy, The Catered Aair, etc. Reynolds died one day after her daughter Carrie Fisher
passed away. Carrie Fisher was the well-known actress, author and screenwriter who brought a
rare combination of nerve, grit and hopefulness to her most indelible role, as Princess Leia in the
Star Wars movie franchise.
228. Indian Army has partnered with which Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) for critical
technology requirements?
[A]IIT Bombay
[B]IIT Roorkee
[C]IIT Kanpur
[D]IIT Gandhinagar
Answer:IIT Gandhinagar
Explanation:
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Indian Army has partnered with Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar to set up a
Research and Development (R&D) cell at the IIT campus. The research cell will work with the
faculty and research students to identify problems and possible solutions for the Indian Army.
The agreement will also enable the IIT and Indian Army to collaborate in areas including critical
technology requirements of Indian Army, sharing of professional and technical knowledge.
229. The book Watership Sown was authored by whom?

[A]Richard Adams
[B]Lilian Rosa
[C]George Beadon
[D]Dal Carnegie
Answer:Richard Adams
Explanation:
The book Watership Sown was authored by Richard Adams, who died recently in England,
United Kingdom. It is a classic adventure novel that have tale of suspense, hot pursuit and
derring-do.
230. Prithviraj Ayachi is associated with which sports?

[A]Boxing
[B]Wrestling
[C]Badminton
[D]Shooting
Answer:Shooting
Explanation:
Pruthviraj Ayachi (16), who hails from Gujarat, has won the gold medal in the junior mens 50M
Rie Prone event at the National Shooting Championship in Pune, Maharashtra. He shot 209.5 in
the nals and equals the score of the Rio Olympics gold medalist.
231. Which committee has submitted report on promoting digital payments to the Union
Government?
[A]Vinod Rai committee
[B]Ajit Seth committee
[C]H R Khan committee
[D]Ratan Watal committee
Answer:Ratan Watal committee
Explanation:
The Ratan Watal committee has recently submitted report on promoting digital payments to the
Union Government. The committee has suggested a separate regulator to deal with issues
concerning payment, among others. The report suggested a host of scal incentives to promote
266
digital transactions. It suggested withdrawal of all charges levied by government departments

and utilities on digital payments and making it mandatory for government departments and
agencies to provide option to consumers to pay digitally. The report also suggested putting a
special emphasis on digital payments for recurring low value transactions and reducing custom
duties on payments acceptance equipment. The committee has also suggested instituting
awards to promote digital transaction.
232. Indias first centre for digital investigation and training has been set up by which state police?
[A]Kerala
[B]Haryana
[C]Karnataka
[D]Tamil Nadu
Answer:Haryana
Explanation:
Indias rst centre for digital investigation and training has been set up by the Haryana police in
collaboration with National Technical Research Organisation (NTRO) in Gurgaon to increase cyber
policing and monitor social media content. The centre will keep a tab on sensitive and
provocative content on social media besides imparting short-term and long-term training to
selected police ocials. The centre also has a social media monitoring lab to increase
technological capabilities of the Haryana police. The technical experts from NTRO and the
Government of India (GoI) will also extend support in trainings.
233. Indias first caterpillar train will be set up by which state government of India?
[A]Assam
[B]Uttar Pradesh
[C]Haryana
[D]Rajasthan
Answer:Haryana
Explanation:
The Haryana Government will set up a pilot corridor for an innovative concept of Caterpillar
Train (or C-Train) that will y over citys trac, in Gurgaon city. The C-train includes a citywide
network of lightweight, elevated train coaches running at about 100 kmph on a track supported
by poles bent into arches. The cost is about $3 million for a pilot system and approx $20 million
for full-edged automated system.The concept of C-Train was co-developed by an Indian
Railways engineer Ashwani Kumar Upadhyaya along with Emil Jacob for which they won a global
award at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the United States in 2016 for this
innovative idea.
234. BHIM mobile app has been launched by Union Government to make digital payments easier.
What does BHIM stands for?
[A]Build Interface for Money
[B]Built-up Interface for Money
267
[C]Bi-aural Interface for Money

[D]Bharat Interface for Money
Answer:Bharat Interface for Money
Explanation:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has recently launched an Aadhaar-based mobile app Bharat
Interface for Money (BHIM) to promote easier digital payments and transactions at Digi Dhan
Mela at talkatora stadium in New Delhi. The Bhim app is named after Dr B R Ambedkar and will
empower small traders, tribals and farmers. The app is inter-operable with Unied Payments
Interface (UPI) and it connects directly to your bank account. The application is developed by the
National Payment Corporation of India (NPCI). The application allows users to check the bank
balance directly from the app. There is a limit of Rs 10,000 per transaction and a 24-hour limit of
Rs 20,000.
235. The 2016 World Bhojpuri Conference has started in which of the following cities?
[A]Jaipur
[B]Ahmedabad
[C]Varanasi
[D]Bhopal
Answer:Varanasi
Explanation:
The 2016 World Bhojpuri Conference has started in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh on December 29 to
strengthen the links of people of Indian-origin, who once belonged to the Bhojpuri-speaking belt
in India and had migrated to dierent parts of the world. The 4-day conference will deliberate on
culture, religion, language and business among other issues, in which over 18 countries will
participate. During the conference, a Bhojpuri Ratna award and World Bhojpuri Karmayogi
award will be conferred on over 25 people
236. How much loan amount has been approved by the World Bank for rural road projects in Bihar?
[A]$245 million
[B]$235 million
[C]$255 million
[D]$265 million
Answer:$235 million
Explanation:
The World Bank (WB) has recently approved a $235 million credit for the Bihar Rural Roads
Project to improve and eectively manage rural road network of the state. The project will
support the construction of about 2,500 km of rural roads under the Mukhiya Mantri Gram
Sampark Yojana (MMGSY). The roads will be constructed using cost-eective designs and will
incorporate engineering measures that ensure road safety. The project will also suggest better
contract management practices to avoid time and cost over-runs. The credit is from the
International Development Association (IDA) the World Banks concessionary lending arm with
268
a maturity of 25 years, including a 5-year grace period.
237. The book That thing called love has been authored by whom?
[A]Ashwin Sanghi
[B]Aravind Adiga
[C]Vikram Seth
[D]Tuhin Sinha
Answer:Tuhin Sinha
Explanation:
The book That thing called love has been authored by Tuhin A. Sinha, the best-selling author
and commentator. The book explores the trivialization of relationships in the current urban
society in India. Recently, the author is in news because he has been appointed as the new
spokesperson of the Mumbai unit of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
238. Barbara Tarbuck, who passed away recently, was the noted actress of which country?
[A]China
[B]France
[C]United States
[D]Germany
Explanation:
Barbara Tarbuck (74), who was best known for her role as Lady Jane Jacks in General Hospital,
has recently passed away in Los Angeles, United States.
239. Beipanjiang Bridge the worlds highest bridge is in which country?

[A]China
[B]France
[C]Japan
[D]Germany
Answer:China
Explanation:
The worlds highest bridge Beipanjiang Bridge has been opened to trac in China. The bridge
soars 565 metres (1,854 feet) above a river and connects the two mountainous provinces of
Yunnan and Guizhou and is expected to reduce road travel times from Liupanshui to Xuianwei
from 4 hours to 2 hrs. The bridge overtook the Si Du River Bridge in the central province of Hubei
to become the worlds highest bridge.
240. The National Trust Foundation Day (NTFD) is observed on which date in India?
[A]December 28
269
[B]December 31
[C]December 29
[D]December 30
Answer:December 30
Explanation:
The Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment, Thaawarchand Gehlot has recently
launched the Mobile App and Facebook Page of the National Trust on December 30 to mark the
2016 National Trust Foundation Day (NTFD) on the theme Celebrating Inclusion to create
support network for persons with disabilities by sensitizing unreached section of society. The
National Trust is a statutory body of the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment,
Government of India, set up under the National Trust for the Welfare of Persons with Autism,
Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act (Act 44 of 1999), which was
passed in the Parliament on December 30, 1999. Thus, the NTFD is observed every year on
December 30 in India to create awareness for the welfare of persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy,
Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities.
270

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General Knowledge Today

Current Affairs: December 2016 [Date-

Published Date: January 6, 2017

2017 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | www.gktoday.in

About Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) ..................................................................................... 36

MoES launches Winter Fog Experiment 2016-17 ............................................................................. 53

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About Global Terrorism Index (GTI) .................................................................................................. 73

December 24: National Consumer Day ............................................................................................. 150

Viral V Acharya appointed as RBI Deputy Governor ...................................................................... 170

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Month Highlights: December, 2016

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and roadap for a carbon netural Majuli.

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The 12-foot-tall stone statue of renowned Tamil poet and philosopher-

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Events & Observances

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Indian Army launches Veterans Outreach App to reach out to veterans

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Minister Chandrababu Naidu. Chief Ministers of Odisha, Madhya Pradesh,

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Government to set up single tribunal to arbitrate inter-State water disputes

budgetary outlay of Rs 10000 crore.

Ministry of External Affairs launches Twitter Seva

PM Narendra Modi launches BHIM, UPI based mobile payment app

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It was unanimously supported by all the 24 members of inter-governmental Committee.

Parliament passes Rights of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2016

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Union Cabinet approves Indias negotiating position adopted at Kigali conference to

the agreed solutions on finance.

the Indra Sawhney case (1992).

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Traditional brass and copper craft of utensil of Thatheras: Punjab.

Israeli scientists create worlds first water-wave laser

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Educational institutions for digital econmy.

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SC approves Centres Graded Response System to tackle air pollution in Delhi-NCR

pellet powder placed in.

Pre-historic camping site found in Ladakh

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4 December: Navy Day

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firmly established its credentials as a safe investment destination in the world.

including 25 Indian startups.

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manufacture and sales of drugs.

building of stakeholders, code of conduct, voter inclusion and registration etc.

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/ Departments and State Governments.

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