in situ K0 in clays." Res.

Record 1278, Transportation Research Board, Washing-

ton, D.C., 141-163.
Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul on 05/03/16. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved.

Mayne, P. W., Kulhawy, F. H., and Trautmann, C. H. (1992). "Experimental study

of undrained lateral and moment behavior of drilled shafts during static and cyclic
loading. Report TR-100221, Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), Palo Alto,
Calif.
McManus, K. J. and Kulhawy, F. H. (1991). "A cohesive soil for large-size laboratory
deposits." Geotech. Testing J., 14(1), 26-34.

Closure by J. P. Sully5 and R. G. Campanella,6 Member, ASCE

The discussion by Mayne and Kulhawy provides some additional data for
the K0-PPSV relationship presented by the writers. The correlation is based
mainly on field data, with the exception of two results from a calibration
chamber. Mayne and Kulhawy's laboratory data agree remarkably well with
the average trend of the field data, represented by the relationship

K0 = 0.5 + 0.11 (^7^) (8)

Eq. (8) provides a rapid form of estimating preliminary i^0-values in clay

from measurements of pore pressures on the face (ut) and behind the tip
(w2) of the cone penetrometer.
The data from the additional two sites suggested by the Mayne and Kul-
hawy were also examined for inclusion in the data base. The Taranto clay
results, however, were not included in Fig. 1. Taranto clay is heavily ce-
mented, and it is likely that both OCR and K0 are not simply related to the
effects of stress history as for other uncemented deposits. In this sense, the
writers agree with Mayne and Kulhawy that for the pore pressure idea to
apply, the stress history of a soil should result from simple mechanical
processes. Consequently, the data were not included in Fig. 1.
Furthermore, in fissured clays, the measured pore pressures may not be
representative of the intact material response, but, rather, that the pene-
tration process may be partially drained. This would provide inconsistent
results and would depend on the extent and size of the fissures and on the
level of effective stress. At shallow depths the fissures are likely to be more
closely spaced and open; at high stress levels the fissures become wider
spaced and tighter. The trend in the Taranto clay data is in accordance with
these general comments. It is interesting to note that for the surficial, very
highly overconsolidated fissured Taranto clay, the data do not plot on the
proposed relationship, but plot on the trend line suggested by the Brent
Cross data. The soil at Brent Cross (London clay) is also heavily overcon-
solidated and fissured. The results from the deeper clay at Taranto fall close
to the proposed relationship biven by (8).
The data from the second site (NRCC soft clay) suggested by Mayne and
Kulhawy were also not included in Fig. 1. The references for this site given
in the discussion do not provide specific values on K0, but, rather, give an
5
Grad. Student, Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver,
British
6
Columbia, Canada V6T 1W5.
Prof. of Civ. Engrg., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver,
British Columbia, V6T 1W5.
1660

J. Geotech. Engrg., 1992, 118(10): 1660-1661

 overall value for the site. The global data from the NRCC site, however,
Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul on 05/03/16. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved.

plot close to the St. Alban results, which were already included.
In closing, the writers would like to make a comment related to nomen-
clature. Initial work by Baligh and his coworkers used a suffix numbering
system to denote the location of the pore-pressure filter. In our first paper
on pore pressure and stress history (Sully et al. 1988a), we used a suffix
lettering system similar to that now being used by Mayne and Kulhawy.
However, so as to standardize our research with the earlier results presented
by Baligh's group, we adopted their suffix numbering system (Sully et al.
1988b; Sully and Campanella 1990; Robertson et al. in press, 1992). It would
be useful for future comparisons if results could be standardized by con-
sistent terminology. Accordingly, the definition of PPSV is as given in (6)
and Fig. 1

PPSV = ^ - = r ^ (6)

where ux = pore pressure measured on face of piezocone; u2 = pore pres-

sure measured behind the tip at the shoulder; and <J'V effective vertical
stress at the depth of pore pressure measurements.
Mayne and Kulhawy are thanked for providing the data comparison and
for their interest in the paper.

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J. Geotech. Engrg., 1992, 118(10): 1660-1661