Document 4

Massacre, Cremation of 3,000 in Bosnia

Detailed : Balkans: Serbs at 2 camps killed
up to 50 Muslims at a time and burned
the bodies, State Dept. now believes.
September 27, 1992|JIM MANN | TIMES STAFF WRITER

WASHINGTON Ultranationalist Serbs were killing Muslims in Bosnia at

the rate of up to 50 at a time, then secretly cremating their bodies at night
and disposing of them in a rendering plant, according to eyewitness reports
that the State Department now accepts as credible.
Senior U.S. officials confirmed Saturday that the State Department last
week for the first time obtained graphic, first-person accounts
corroborating a massacre of about 3,000 people last May in two Serbian
detention camps operated at a brick factory and a pig farm near the
Bosnian town of Brcko, about 75 miles north of Sarajevo.

"This could have been happening in other places too," one State
Department official said Saturday. He said he doubts that such massacres
are continuing today, "given the exposure that has taken place since
August."
The State Department's reports, obtained by American diplomats,
essentially corroborate and give further details to a story first reported in
early August, when the Long Island newspaper Newsday published
eyewitness accounts of prisoners who had been released from Serbian
detention camps at Brcko and Omarska in Bosnia-Herzegovina.
The Brcko killings were carried out under the direction of ultranationalist
Serb leaders known as Vojislav Seselj and as Arkan (who uses only one
name), a senior State Department official said. These new reports provided
the basis under which acting Secretary of State Lawrence S. Eagleburger
urged the United Nations last week to set up a commission to investigate
war crimes in Bosnia.
"We want to move it as fast as we can," Eagleburger said of the war-crimes
resolution.
Although the Bush Administration has supported the use of force to deliver
humanitarian aid in Bosnia, it has so far avoided calling for military
intervention to try to bring about peace or to safeguard Bosnian Muslims.
The United States is now talking with its allies about the possibility of
setting up a "no-fly" zone that would prevent Serb forces or those of the
Serbian-dominated rump Yugoslav federation from staging air strikes in
Bosnia.
After the initial press reports of a Brcko massacre, a 53-year-old man from
there named Alija Luginovic came to Washington and gave his account
before a closed session of the Senate Armed Services Committee. He
described how more than 1,000 captives of a detention camp had been
slaughtered by Serb guards.
A State Department official said that last week, American diplomats
interviewed a number of former prisoners of the camps at Brcko. On the
basis of those interviews, he said, it is apparent that the number of people
killed was higher than Luginovic had estimated.
"Many people were killed, in groups of up to 50 at a time," the State
Department official said. "A total of about 3,000 people--men, women and
children--were killed in the camps at Brcko." He said at least some of the
prisoners were beaten and tortured before they were killed.
One of the former prisoners at the camp told U.S. officials that "he several
times had to transfer dead people to an animal rendering plant, where they
secretly cremated bodies at night to evade detection," according to a senior
State Department official.
The two worst detention camps were said to have been at a brick factory
and a pig farm in the Brcko area. It was here that the State Department
believes most of the killing took place.
Last August, soon after the initial reports of a massacre, Serbian officials in
Bosnia denied any wrongdoing. At one point, they conducted Western
reporters on a trip to Brcko, insisting that there were no detention camps in
or around the city.
However, some Serbian officials later acknowledged that thousands of
prisoners were shuttled from one place in Bosnia to another in an effort to
prevent Western human rights officials and journalists from finding
detention camps.
In Sarajevo on Saturday, peace envoys Cyrus R. Vance, representing the
United Nations, and Lord Owen, representing the European Community,
said that they have gathered clear evidence that Bosnian Muslims have
been forced from their homes by Serbs and attacked as they fled.
Owen said that he and Vance heard eyewitness accounts of "systematic
shelling" of 3,000 to 4,000 Muslim refugees who were driven from the
northern Bosnian town of Banja Luka after being stripped of money and
possessions, according to the Associated Press.
"There were casualties, and some people lost their lives," Owen said. "There
is no question that this sort of thing cannot be allowed to go on." He did not
give a specific casualty figure.
Owen is a former British foreign secretary, and Vance is a former U.S.
secretary of state. Together they are chairing peace talks in Geneva on what
used to be Yugoslavia.
The massacre at Brcko was apparently part of a policy of so-called "ethnic
cleansing," the practice of forcing one ethnic group from an area to
strengthen another group's claims to it.
All sides in Bosnia's civil war have been accused of the practice, but foreign
officials put most of the blame on the Serbs, who have captured two-thirds
of the republic since its Muslim-Croat majority voted for independence
from Serb-dominated Yugoslavia on Feb. 29.
More than 10,000 have died in the fighting. The Health Ministry said
Saturday that the casualty toll in the past 24 hours was 54 killed and 285
wounded throughout Bosnia, including 21 killed and 104 wounded in the
capital.