CHAPTER 13

DESIGN OF DAY TANK

Design and Operating Conditions

Method of fabrication Single- Butt Welded

Structural Material Steel

Geometry Cylindrical

Orientation in Space Vertical

Allowable Stress 19,869.5 psi = 137,000 kPa

Design Pressure 15 psi = 103.425 kPa

Note:

1.) A good weld requires a highly ductile material. In order to prevent loss durability

in the welded region, low-carbon steels with less 0.35 percent carbon content are

used as construction materials (Shigley et al., 2004, p39.17)

2.) The allowable stress for low-carbon steel is 137MPa (Shigley et al., 2004, p39.6)

3.) The minimum design pressure for a code non-vacuum vessel is 15psi (Shigley et

al., 2004, p39.3)

Design Calculation:

Compute the vessel capacity

V= raw water for ice production + make-up water to the cooling tower + make-up water

for condenser

91
For Ice production:

ton 2200lb 0.455kg m3

V1 2.5 1.0032 x10 3
day 1ton 1lb kg
3
V1 2.51 m
day

For make-up water for cooling tower:

kg 3 m 3600 sec
3
24hr
V2 0.018 1.0032 x10
sec kg 1hr 1day
3
V2 1.6 m
day

Make-up water for condenser:

V3 = 5 m3/day from condenser catalogue

Therefore;

V = 1.51 + 1.6 + 5 m3/day

V = 9.11 m3/day

Compute the day tank dimension

Use; H=1.5D

V D2H
4

9.11m 3 D 2 1 .5 D
4
9.11m 3 1.178 D 3
9.11m 3
D 3
1.178

D 2m

H 1.5 2m

H 3m

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Compute the required thickness

TABLE 6-36 VESSEL DESIGN FORMULA FOR INTERNAL PRESSURE

Description Formula Note

Cylindrical PR Circumferential stress (Longitudinal joints)
t
SE 0.6 P
Shell when t does not exceed 0.5R
From: PERRY, R. H. and C. H. CHILTON. 1973. Chemical Engineers Handbook. 5th ed. Tokyo:

McGraw-Hill Kagakusha, LTD. P 6-93

PR
t
SE 0.6 P
Where:

t
= shell thickness, in.

P
= internal pressure, psi

R
= inside radius, in.

S
= allowable stress, psi

E
= joint efficiency

TABLE 6-60 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE JOINT EFFICIENCY FOR ARC- AND-GAS

WELDED JOINTS

Degree of Examination
Fully Radio Spot- Not Spot-
Figure Joint
graphed examined examined
Single-welded

butt joint 0.90 0.80 0.65

made with

bracing strip

93
From: PERRY, R. H. and C. H. CHILTON. 1973. Chemical Engineers Handbook. 5th ed. Tokyo:

McGraw-Hill Kagakusha, LTD. P 6-98

For allowable stress

1000 kPa 14.696 psi

S 137 MPa
1 MPa 101 . 325 kPa
S 19.870 psi

Substituting,

78.74 in.
15 psi
2
t
19,870 psi 0.65 0.615 psi
t 0.05in. or 1.27 mm

Select the nominal sheet gage thickness

TABLE 5 WIRE AND SHEET GAGES

Gage Number U. S. Standard Sheet Gage Thickness, in.

12 0.1094
From: Kents Mechanical Engineers Handbook: Design and Production Volume. P 6-06

Use: Gage No. 12 with a 0.1094 in.( 2.8 mm) thickness

94
 Day Tank Specifications

Geometry Cylindrical

Orientation in Space Vertical

Number Required 1 UNIT

Materials Handled Water (H2O)

Dimension:

Diameter 2m

Height 3m

Method of Fabrication Single Welded-Butt

Allowable Stress 137 MPa

Design Pressure 15 psi

Recommended Materials STELL; #14; 2.8 MM

Vessel Capacity (For Ice Production) 2.51 m3/day

(For Make-up Water) 1.6 m3/day

Vessel Capacity

Vessel Capacity (For Condenser) 5 m3/day

Total Vessel Capacity 9.11 m3/day

Allowable Stress 19870 psi

Shell Thickness 2.8 mm

Gage No. 12 with a 0.1094 inch (2.8 mm) thickness

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