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JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations Question Bank Geometry of complex numbers

If a and b are real numbers between 0 and 1 such that the points z 1 = a + i, z 2 = 1 + bi and z3 = 0 form an equilateral
triangle, then [IIT 1989]
A) a = b = 2 + 3

B) a = b = 2 3

C) a = 2 3 , b = 2 + 3

D) None of these

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Correct Answer: B

Solution :

Since the triangle with vertices z1 = a + i, z2 = 1 + bi and z3 = 0 is equilateral, we have

2 2
z
1
2
+ z
2
2
+ z
3
2
= z1 z2 + z2 z3 + z3 z1 ? (a + i) + (1 + ib) + 0 = (a + i)(1 + ib) + 0 + 0 ?
Equating real and imaginary parts, ??(i) and
2 2 2 2
a b + 2i(a + b) = a b + i(1 + ab) a b = a b

2(a + b) = 1 + ab ..... (ii) From (i), (a b)[(a + b) 1] = 0 ? either a = b or a + b = 1 Taking a = b, we get from (ii)

4 16 4
or Since and we have
2 2
4a = 1 + a a 4a + 1 = 0 a = = 2 3 0 < a < 1 0 < b < 1,
2

Taking or we get from (ii) or , which gives

2
a = b = 2 3 a + b = 1 b = 1 a, 2 = 1 + a(1 a) a a + 1 = 0

imaginary values of a . Hence a = b = 2 3 is the required value of a and b.

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