Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Geographical Setting
Two Parts of Egypt:
Upper Egypt
-Lower Egypt
North- Mediterranean Sea
West- Red Sea
East- Libyan Desert
South- Nubian Desert
Ancient Egypt
MENES
Amenembet I
Amenembet III
The greatest monarch of the Middle Kingdom.
He dug a canal to link the Nile River to the Red Sea.
Promoted mining operations at Sinai, and constructed hydraulic
works in Fayum Lake.
O Hyksos(men of desert)
From the Syrian desert they invaded Delta, with their war chariots and
superior iron weapons, they conquered the Egyptians, plundered the
riches of the land, and burned the temples and works of art.
O Ahmose I
Egyptian prince who led a revolt and drove out the cruel Hyksos.
He founded the Eighteenth Dynasty, and reestablished the capital in
Thebes.
He marked the beginning of the New Kingdom
O Queen Hatshepsut
one of the colorful monarchs of the new kingdom
history hails her as the first woman ruler in world history
Her husband was Thutmose III
O Pharaoh Thutmose III
O Pharaoh Amenhotep IV
O Tutankhamen
Rameses II
O 1200 B.C
O 332 B.C
O Cleopatra
Economic Livelihood
O Farming
Religion
O Egyptians goddesses:
Amon
Burial Customs
O Mummification
O Hieroglyphics
Education
O In ancient Egypt, the temple schools of the priests were open only
to the sons of rich families. Subjects taught were reading, writing,
religion, arithmetic, and astronomy.
Literature
Pyramid Texts
- oldest known egyptian literature which were prayers and hymns
found in the pyramid.
O The Egyptian pyramids are the most famous of all the ancient
monuments, the only remaining wonder of the seven wonders of the
ancient world.
The Sphinx
O The sphinx
Sciences
O Ahmes Papyrus
- Oldest mathematical treatise in history written by an Egyptian
mathematician.
- They have their knowledge of the laws of the inclined plane and the
pulley also enabled them to construct huge structures like the pyramids.
- Calendar was one of the achievement of the Egyptian.
- They devised the first calendar in the history.
- The calendar was based on the appearance of the Dog Star (Sirius).
- The calendar had a total of 365 days a year.
- Ancient Egyptians know medicine and surgery.
Smith Papyrus
O They also invented the sundial and water clock to measure time.
O The first known water clock in history was made during the reign of
Thutmose III.
1. It gave the world the pyramids, the oldest man made stone
monuments that still exist to the present time.
3. Egypt devised the first 365 day calendar which divided the year into
112 months of 30 days each. In addition, there were five feast days
in a year.