Review Outline: Chapter 10

Biotechnology
Artificial methods to modify genetic material

Cloning and Genetic Engineering

Review of DNA structure and function (complementary base pairing)
Isolation of nucleic acids
Gel Electrophoresis
Polymerase Chain Reaction

Molecular Cloning
Restriction enzymes
Complementary base pairing/hybridization/Annealing
Ligase (paste)
Cloning vectors (Plasmids)
Process
Obtain DNA fragments (restriction enzymes, cDNA, PCR)
Insert into plasmid (matching sticky ends)
Transform and culture bacteria
Select for clones
Genetically modified organisms

Reproductive Cloning

Biotechnology in Medicine and Agriculture (Chapter 10.2)

Genetic Diagnosis and Gene Therapy
Production of Vaccines, Antibiotics, and Hormones
Transgenic Animals
Transgenic Plants

Genomics and Proteomics (Chapter 10.3)

Mapping Genomes
Whole Genome Sequencing
Applying Genomics