ICD-10

ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Statistical 2.2 Canada

Classication of Diseases and Related Health Problems
(ICD), a medical classication list by the World Health Canada introduced ICD-10-CA in 2000.[11] Canada im-
Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs plemented ICD-10 in a staggered fashion across nine of
and symptoms, abnormal ndings, complaints, social cir- the 10 provinces between the years of 2001 and 2004.
cumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases.[1] As data was returned, comparison was undertaken of in-
formation classied by ICD-9 and ICD-10, beginning
The code set allows more than 14,400 dierent codes and
with volumes and length of stay within major diagnostic
permits the tracking of many new diagnoses. The codes
groups.
can be expanded to over 16,000 codes by using optional
[2] The large scale realignment of individual diagnostic and
sub-classications.
procedural codes demanded close analysis of the im-
The WHO provides detailed information about ICD on-
pacts to existing indicators of healthcare delivery. Using
line, and makes available a set of materials online, such as
[3] data reported in 2001 and 2002,the Canadian Institute
an ICD-10 online browser, ICD-10 Training, ICD-10
[4] [5] for Health Information, an independent organization that
online training, ICD-10 online training support, and
works with the federal government, tabulated the input.
study guide materials for download.
Rigorous statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the
The International version of ICD should not be confused comparability of ICD-9 codes to ICD-10 codes as they
with national modications of ICD that frequently in- pertained to the Canadian version of diagnostic groups,
clude much more detail, and sometimes have separate Case Mix Groups (CMGs), which are used in the patient
sections for procedures. The US ICD-10 Clinical Mod- classication system to group together patients with sim-
ication (ICD-10-CM), for instance, has some 68,000 ilar characteristics.
codes.[6] The US also has the ICD-10 Procedure Coding
System (ICD-10-PCS),[7] a coding system that contains
76,000 procedure codes that is not used by other coun- 2.3 China
tries.
China adopted ICD-10 in 2002.[12]
Work on ICD-10 began in 1983 and was completed in
1992.[1]
2.4 Czech Republic
1 List The Czech Republic adopted ICD-10 in 1994, one year
after ocial release from WHO.[13] The Czech Republic
The following is a list of ICD-10 codes.[8] uses the international version without any local modi-
cations. The Czech Republic adopted all updates to the
international version (namely in 2004,2010,2011,2012).
2 National adoption for clinical use
2.5 France
Some 27[9][10] countries use ICD-10 for reimbursement
and resource allocation in their health system. A few of France introduced a clinical addendum to ICD-10 in
them have made modications to ICD to better accom- 2005. See also website of the ATIH.
modate this use of ICD-10. The article below makes ref-
erence to some of these modications. The unchanged in-
ternational version of ICD-10 is used in about 110 coun- 2.6 Germany
tries for performing cause of death reporting and statis-
tics. Germany: ICD-10-GM (German Modication)[14]

2.1 Brazil 2.7 Korea

Brazil introduced ICD-10 in 1996. A Korean modication has existed since 2008.[15]

1
2 2 NATIONAL ADOPTION FOR CLINICAL USE

2.8 Netherlands Edition became the mandated diagnostic classication in

the UK from 1 April 2016.[22]
The Dutch translation of ICD-10 is ICD10-nl, which was
created by the WHO-FIC Network in 1994.[16] There is
an online dictionary. 2.14 United States
The US has used ICD-10-CM since October 1, 2015.[23]
2.9 Russia This national variant of ICD-10 was provided by the
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and
The ministry of health of Russia ordered in 1997 to trans- the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), and
fer all health organizations to ICD-10.[17] the use of ICD-10-CM codes are now mandated for
all inpatient medical reporting requirements. There are
over 70,000 ICD-10-CM codes, which is up from around
2.10 South Africa 14,000 ICD-9-CM codes.[23]
The use of ICD-10 for coding of death certicates and
ICD-10 was implemented in July 2005 under the aus- mortality data was mandated in the United States begin-
pice of the National ICD-10 Implementation Task Team ning in 1999.[24]
which is a joint task team between the National Depart-
ment of Health and the Council for Medical Schemes.[18] The deadline for the United States to begin using Clinical
Modication ICD-10-CM for diagnosis coding and Pro-
cedure Coding System ICD-10-PCS for inpatient hospi-
2.11 Sweden tal procedure coding was set at October 1, 2015,[25][26]
which is a year later than a previous 2014 deadline.[27]
The current Swedish translation of ICD-10 was created in Before that 2014 deadline, the previous[28][29]
deadline has been
1997. A clinical modication has added more detail and a year before that on October 1, 2013. All HIPAA
omits codes of the international version in the context of covered entities must make the change; a pre-requisite
clinical use of ICD: to ICD-10-CM is the adoption of EDI Version 5010 by
January 1, 2012.[30] Enforcement of 5010 transition by
The codes F64.1 (Dual-role transvestism), F64.2 (Gender the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS),
identity disorder of childhood), F65.0 (Fetishism), F65.1 however, was postponed by CMS until March 31, 2012,
(Fetishistic transvestism), F65.5 (Sadomasochism), with the federal agency citing numerous factors, including
F65.6 (Multiple disorders of sexual preference) are not slow software upgrades.[31] The implementation of ICD-
used in Sweden since 1 January 2009 according to a 10-CM has been subject to previous delays. In January
decision by the present Director General of The National 2009, the date was pushed back by two years, to Octo-
Board of Health and Welfare, Sweden. The code O60.0 ber 1, 2013, rather than an earlier proposal of October 1,
(Preterm labor without delivery) is not used in Sweden; 2011.[32]
instead, since 1 January 2009, the Swedish extension
codes to O47 (False labor) are recommended for use. The most recent pushback of the implementation date
has inspired a mixed reaction from the healthcare
community.[33] Even though the deadline for ICD-10 was
2.12 Thailand pushed back repeatedly, CMS recommended that med-
ical practices take several years to prepare for imple-
[34]
A Thai modication has existed since 2007; the Ministry mentation of the new code set. The basic structure
of Public Health has ICD 10 TM. and 1 of 3 rst used of the ICD-10-CM code is the following: Characters 1
ICD-10 Code with Czechoslovakia and Denmark in 1994 3 (the category of disease); 4 (etiology of disease); 5
(body part aected); 6 (severity of illness); and 7 (place-
holder for extension of the code to increase specicity).
2.13 United Kingdom Not only must new software be installed and tested, but
medical practices must provide training for physicians,
ICD-10 was rst mandated for use in the UK in 1995. [19] sta members, and administrators. They will also need
In 2010 the UK Government made a commitment to up- to develop new practice policies and guidelines, and up-
date the UK mandated version of ICD-10 every three date paperwork and forms. For convenience, practices
years.[20] In line with this, the ICD-10 4th Edition was may also create crosswalks that will convert their most
approved for NHS implementation on 1 April 2012 by frequently used [35]
ICD-9-CM codes to the ICD-10-CM
the Information Standards Board for Health and Social equivalents.
Care.[21] Due to the World Health Organization announc- Two of the most common reasons for pushback are 1) the
ing a major update to the 2016 version of ICD-10; the long list of potentially relevant codes for a given condition
planned release and use of ICD-10 5th Edition was post- (such as rheumatoid arthritis) which can be confusing and
poned from 2015 until 2016.[20] As such, ICD-10 5th reduce eciency and 2) the seemingly absurd conditions

assigned codes (such as W55.22XA: Struck by cow, ini- [19] http://systems.hscic.gov.uk/data/clinicalcoding/
tial encounter and V91.07XA: Burn due to water-skis on codingstandards/icd10
re, initial encounter) [36]
3 References
[1] International Classication of Diseases (ICD)". World
Health Organization. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
[2] ICD-10 Second Edition Volume 2 World Health Orga-
nization, p15
[3] ICD-10 online browser
[4] ICD-10 training tool
[5] ICD 10 Online Support
[6] ICD ICD-10-CM International Classication of Dis-
eases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modication. www.cdc.
gov. Retrieved 2015-12-02.
[7] CMS Oce of Public Aairs (August 15, 2008). HHS
Proposes Adoption of ICD-10 Code Sets and Updated
Electronic Transaction Standards (Press release). U.S.
Department of Health & Human Services. Archived from
the original on September 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-
22.
[8] International Classication of Diseases 10th Revision.
World Health Organization. 2010. Retrieved February
26, 2010.
[9] 3M Health Information Services: ICD-10 Overview
(PDF). Eastern Ohio Health Information Management As-
sociation. 2009. Retrieved Dec 2, 2015.
[10] France, Francis H. Roger (2001). Case Mix: Global
Views, Local Actions : Evolution in Twenty Countries.
Amsterdam: IOS Press. ISBN 1 58603 217 8.
[11] ICD10-CA
[12] Deloitte Center for Health Solutions
[13] Czech Translation of ICD 10
[14] DIMDI ICD-10-GM.
[15] Kim, Sukil (July 18, 2013). Use of Classications in Ko-
rea. Retrieved Dec 2, 2015.
[16] WHO FIC Homepage
[17] " 27.05.97 170 (.
12.01.98) " [33] http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/icd/icd10.htm
, X
"". zakonbase.ru (in Russian). Retrieved
2017-02-11.
[18] Council for Medical Schemes (March 2009), South
African ICD-10 Coding Standards (PDF), Republic of
South Africa Department of Health, Version 3, retrieved
2016-01-24
3
[20] SCCI0021: ICD-10 5th Edition: Change Paper (PDF).
Health & Social Care Information Centre. Retrieved 17
January 2016.
[21] http://systems.hscic.gov.uk/data/clinicalcoding/
codingstandards/icd10/icd104thedition
[22] ICD-10 Updates. Health and Social Care Information
Centre. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
[23] What is ICD | ICD.Codes. ICD.Codes. Retrieved 2015-
12-16.
[24] A guide to state implementation of icd-10 for mortality..
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
[25] Senate Approves ICD-10 Delay, 'Doc Fix'".March 31,
2014
[26] H.R. 4302 (Protecting Access to Medicare Act of
2014)". U.S. Senate. March 31, 2014, 06:31pm.
[27] Administrative Simplication: Adoption of a Standard
for a Unique Health Plan Identier; Addition to the Na-
tional Provider Identier Requirements; and a Change to
the Compliance Date for the International Classication
of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD10CM and ICD10
PCS) Medical Data Code Sets. Centers for Medicare
and Medicaid Services{{inconsistent citations}}. 77 FR
54664 of 5 September 2012. 77 FR 60629 of 4 October
2012.
[28] International Classication of Diseases, Tenth Revision,
Clinical Modication (ICD-10-CM)". National Center
for Health Statistics. Centers for Disease Control and Pre-
vention (CDC). December 20, 2010.
[29] Overview ICD-10. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid
Services.
[30] Noblis ICD-10 F.A.Q.
[31] Physicians Get Grace Period from CMS on HIPAA 5010
Enforcement.Physicians Practice.November 18, 2011
[32] Feds Delay ICD-10 for Two Years. The Wall Street
Journal. January 15, 2009.
[34] "CMS.gov/ICD-10/Provider Resources. Retrieved
on 2012-08-01 from http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/
Coding/ICD10/ProviderResources.html.
[35] CMS ICD-10 website.
[36] ICD-10: An Ode to Code http://www.
the-rheumatologist.org/article/icd-10-an-ode-to-code/
4 4 EXTERNAL LINKS

4 External links
Ocial website at World Health Organization
(WHO)
ICD-10 online browser (WHO)

ICD-10 online training direct access (WHO)

ICD-10-CM (USA modication) at Centers for

Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
 5

5 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

5.1 Text
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