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Let s explore the derivative of the natural log
function, ln x
1
f ( x) = e ... then.... f ( x) = ln x
x
1
f ( x ) = e ... then.... f ( x ) = ln x
x
d 1
[ln x ] = 1
dx f '( f ( x ))
f '( f 1 ( x )) = f '(ln x )
and .....
f '( x ) = e x ....... f '(ln x ) = e ln x
d 1 f '( f 1 ( x )) = f '(ln x )
[ln x] = 1 and .....
dx f '( f ( x))
f '( x ) = e x ....... f '(ln x ) = e ln x
So.
d 1
dx
[ln x ] = ln x
e
But
e ln x
=x
d 1
[ln x ] =
dx x
Derivative of the Natural Log function:
d 1
ln x = , _ ( x > 0)
dx x
'
d u
ln u = ,(u > 0)
dx u
d 1
ln x = , _ ( x > 0)
dx x
Proof:
Recall that the natural log function is the
inverse of natural exponential (base e)
function.
f ( x) = e x
1
f ( x ) = ln x
1 1 1
( f )'( x) = 1
, of _ course_ f '( f ( x)) 0
f '( f ( x))
d 1 1
ln x = ' 1 =
dx f ( f ( x)) f '(ln x)
d 1 1 1
ln x = = ln x =
dx f '(ln x) e x
d u'
ln u = ,(u > 0)
dx u
d d u' 2x
ln( x 2 + 1) = ln( x + 1) = = 2
2
dx dx u x +1
d ! d $ ! d $
d [ x ln(x) ] = #" [ ]&%
x ln x + #" [ ln x ]&% x
x ln( x) = dx dx dx
dx
d ! 1$
dx
[ x ln(x)] = ln x + # & x = ln x +1
" x%
Use Logarithmic Properties to simplify
expressions before taking the derivative.
For instance ..
f ( x ) = ln x + 1, find _ f '( x )
1
f ( x ) = ln x + 2 ln( x + 1) ln(2 x 1)
2 3
2
1 ! 2x $ ! $
1 ! 6x 2
$
f '(x) = + ( 2 ) # 2 & ' # & # 3 &
x " x +1% " 2 % " 2x '1%
1 ! 4x $ ! 3x 2 $
f '(x) = + # 2 & ' # 3 &
x " x +1% " 2x '1%
Derivative of natural log function if has
absolute value:
d u'
ln u =
dx u
Example:
d d u' 2
ln 2 x 1 = ln 2 x 1 = =
dx dx u 2x 1