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The test or research was mainly an experimental research in which the researchers
attempt to maintain control over all factors that may affect the result of an experiment. In doing
this, the researcher attempts to determine or predict what may occur. It is also a quantitative
Experimental Procedure:
One of the most important characteristic of any sample of matter is density, other than
physical properties like size and shape therefore at a certain temperature the numerical value of
density is constant. Just like in other procedures, to be able to make the experiment a success
Three trials are needed in this experiment, therefore three pycnometer are also to be used.
Note that a specific pycnometer was used in every trial that means the pycnometer that the
researchers used in the first trial is the same pycnometer that they used for the whole trial one,
same also with the second and third trial. And the other materials to be used are: one piece of
400 mL beaker, a wash bottle, dryer and one piece of 150 C thermometer. The reagents to be
used are the following: hydrochloric acid, distilled water, chloroform, and methanol. Before
starting with the experiment proper, first, we cleaned the pycnometer with hydrochloric acid
followed by rinsing it with distilled water then dry it up by using a hair blower or dryer. In the
first trial, after making sure that there is no single drop of water inside the pycnometer, we
weighed it in the analytical balance. Filled it with distilled water, cover it until it overflows
before weighing it make sure that the sides and tip are dry, use a cotton cloth in wiping the water
through capillary hole because it absorbs water better. Record the weight and measure the
temperature. Pour the distilled water into the sink, then dry it up with a blower. The researchers
computed the weight of the water by taking the difference between the measured weight with
distilled water and weight of the pycnometer alone. For computing the volume of the water use
the formula:
For the second trial, the researchers filled the pycnometer with chloroform and the
procedure used is the same with the previous experiment. After getting the weight and
temperature, discharged the liquid waste in their designated bottle. Rinse the pycnometer with
distilled water followed by hydrochloric acid for cleansing. Lastly, the researchers used methanol
whose density is also unknown, the procedure is the same with the two previous experiment for
computing the weight. And for the density of chloroform and methanol, the formula is:
In cleaning up the apparatus all the waste chloroform and methanol are disposed not in
the sink but in a bottle designated for them. Make sure to follow the laboratory guideline in
handling the excess unknown liquid. And wash the flask with plenty of running water.
To check if the computed density of each liquid (distilled water, chloroform and
methanol) is correct or near to the real value it was compared to the values written in the Perrys