The power of the impossibles 5

不可能界的力量
The Other side of Psychoanalysis
精神分析学的另一面貌
By Jacques Lacan
雅克、拉岡

“ I have not said that the psychoanalyst is moreover supposed to know the truth
about the supposed knowledge out of which, according to me, the psychoanalysand
makes the transference. Think about it, and you will understand how adding this
complement to it would be fatal for the transference. But equally, do not think about it
if understanding this would, precisely, prevent its effect from remaining true.

「我没有这样说过，精神分析师並且应该知道某个预设的知识的真理，然后，依
我的看法，被辅导的个案病患，就从那个知识的真理的位置，向精神分析师移
情。你们想想看，你们就会了解，增加这个补充到真理上面，将会给移情带来怎
样的災难。但是，同样地，假如了解到这个後果，会阻碍到它的影响无法保持真
实，那麽，你们不妨视若无睹。」

“ I suffer indignation over the fact that one person dresses up what I am denouncing in
the little knowledge from which the transference draws its material. It’s only up him
to furnish that with something besides the chair he says he is ready to sell if I am
right. He leaves no way out of affair only because he doesn’t restrict himself to his
means. The psychoanalyst only insists upon not having a bone to pick in his being.
The famous non-knowledge for which people mock us is only dear to his heart
because, for him, he knows nothing. He repudiates the mode of unearthing a shadow
and then pretending it is carrion, repudiates being valued as a hunting dog. Hi
discipline steeps him in the fact that the real is not initially there to be known—this is
the only dam that can hold idealism back.

「有一件事情让我非常愤慨。有一个人连移情是啥东西都不甚了然，却将我怦击
的内容改头换面，任意套用到他连家中的椅子都要贩卖的东西里面，假如我说
的没错的话。他把事情弄到没有转圜余地，只因为他跨越出自己的专业领域之外
我们精神分析师只会坚持不要对於自己的存在生命愤懑挑剔。我们常被人们嘲讽
的对於真实界的「无知」，则是被我们奉为圭臬，因为就我们对真实界而言，我
们真的什麽都不知道。我们排斥将无意识阴影显露出来，然后假装那是一塊肉的
模式，我们也排斥被人当着一条猎犬来评估。我们的专业训练使我们陶醉於这个
事实：真实界並没有原先就在那里，等待着被人发觉。这是理想主义能够有容身
之所的仅有的水坝。

“ Knowledge gets added to the real; indeed, it is for this reason that it can bring the
false into being, and even into being there a bit. I daisein with all my force on this
occasion, one needs help for this.

「知识被增加到真实界那里；的确，因为这个理由，虚假会出现在知识那里，甚
至在那里存在。在这个场合，我盡全力真实地「存在」，这可是需要人帮忙的事。

“ To be truthful, it is only from where knowledge is false that it is concerned with the
truth. All knowledge that is not false couldn’t give a damn about it. In becoming
known, only its form is a surprise, a surprise in dubious taste, moreover, when by the
grace of Freud it speaks to us of language, since it is nothing but its product.

「为了忠实起见，精神分析学就是从知识会有虚假的地方，开始关怀真理的论述
知识若不是因为虚假充斥，根本就不必真理的论述来费心。当真理的论述为大家
所知时，只有它的外表形式是一种驚喜，而且是一种令人爱恨交加的驚喜。感谢
佛洛伊德的恩典，他跟我们提起语言，因为真理论述仅仅就是语言的成果。

“ This is where the political impact takes place. It concerns, here, this question in act:
Out of what knowledge is the law made? Once one has uncovered this knowledge, it
may happen that that changes. Knowledge falls to the rank of symptom, seen from
another perspective. And this is where truth comes in.

「这就是政治影响力发挥功用的地方。在这个地方，它关心的是实际运用的问题
法律是由什麽知识所形成？一但我们揭发这个知识，法律就可能发生实质的改
变。假如从另一个角度来看，知识会沦落到是一种病癥的处境。这就是真理论述
要介入的地方。

“ For truth one fights, which is, however, only produced through its relations with the
real. But that it is produced is much less important than what that produces. The effect
of truth is only a collapse of knowledge. It is this collapse that creates a production,
soon to be taken up again.

可是，我们努力维护的这个真理论述，只有透过它跟真实界的关系，才会产生。
但是，重要的还不是它会被产生，而是它会产生什麽。真理论述的影响，只是一
种知识的崩塌。就是这种崩塌，創造了一种生产，不久还会重新再接续下去的生
产。
“ The real is neither better nor worse off as a result. In general it dusts itself off until
the next crisis. Its momentary benefit is that it has refound its gloss. This would even
be the benefit that one might expect from any revolution, this gloss that would shine
for a long time in this always murky locus of truth. But there’s the rub. This shine
never again throws light on anything.”

「结果，真实界既没有更加美好，也没有更加糟糕。一般说来，它清净自己，一
直到下一次危机。它暂时的利益是，它已经重新找到它的光泽。经过巨大变革之
后，这甚至是我们可能得到的最大利益，这道光泽将会闪亮很久，在这个总是
阴暗的真理论述的轨迹中。但是，这就是关键所在。这种闪亮永远不再照亮任何
东西。」

That is what I had cast into a corner the day after last seminar—for you, apparently,
since there is no longer any question of adding it to my little radiological raft.

那就是在上一次的讲座后的第二天，我在会场角落表达的内容，显而易见的，
对象是你们，因为我在廣播电台的平台，再没有人提出新的问题。

What has to be understood in this respect is the following—what is frightening about

truth is what it puts in its place.

在这一方面，我们必须了解的是以下的问题：真理论述可怕的地方，在於它用
什麽来代替它的位置。

The locus of the Other, as I have always said, is made for truth to be inscribed there,
that is, everything of that order, the false, even lies—which only exist on the
foundation of truth. This is in the free play speech and language.

大它者的轨迹，我总是这样说，是为了让真理论述能够被铭记在那里而被制造，
换句话说，在那轨迹上的每一样东西，虚假的东西，甚至是谎言，只存在於真
理论述的基础上。这就是言说与语言的自由运作上。

But what about truth in this quadrupedal structure, which presupposes language and
takes a discourse to be structure, that is, which conditions any speech able to be
produced therein? What does the truth in question, the truth of this discourse, that is
what it conditions, put in its place? How is it that the master’s discourse, holds firm?
This is the other face of the function of truth, not the visible face, but the dimension in
which it is necessitated by something hidden.

这个四足鼎立的结构，预先假定语言的存在，然后以论述作为结构，在那种条
件下，任何言说都能够被产生，那真理的定位是什麽？我们讨论中的真理，这
个论述的真理，也就是它的条件产生的真理，用什麽来代替它？主人的真理论
述如何坚定自己立场？这就是真理论述的功用的另外一面，不是看得见的一面，
而是某件隐藏的东西必然要透露的一面。

Our furrows in the alethosphere are traced out on the surface of longtime deserted
heavens. But at issue is what one day I called—using this word which titillated some
of you enough to the point of wondering what had come over me—the lathouse.

有如在长久以来受人漠视的天堂净土，我们精神分析师在媒体氛围的痕迹中被
追踪出来。但是值的争议的是，有一天我所称为的「逼真小客体」。我使用这个字
眼揶揄大家，让有些人以为我着了什麽邪魔？

It wasn’t I who invented the dimension of truth which makes it the case that it is
hidden. It is Verbogenheit that constitutes it. In short, things are such that it makes one
think it has something in its belly.

真理论述的向度成为晦暗隐藏的状态，可不是我憑空杜撰。它的形成状态本来就
是哲学家海德格所说的「晦暗隐藏」。总之，事情的状态就是这样，使得我们不
禁怀疑，它的肚子内部藏了某些东西。

Very early on there were some clever people who observed that if this were to emerge,
it would be dreadful. Probably winged as well, so as to improve the landscape.
Nowadays, it is equally possible that this is the whole thing, that it would be terrible if
it were to emerge. If you spend your time waiting, then you are done for. In sum, one
mustn’t tease the lathouse too much. What does undertaking this always assure? What
I am forever explaining to you—it assures the impossible by virtue of the fact that this
relationship is effectively real. The more you quest is located on the side of truth, the
more you uphold the power of the impossibles which are those that I respectively
enumerated for you last time—governing, educating, analyzing on occasion. For
analysis, in any case, this is obvious.

早些时候，有一些聪明人士观察到，假如这个东西万一要是出现，那一定是面
目狰狞。它可能还有翅膀翱翔，这样世间风景才会焕然一新。今天，同样可能，
这就是全部的景观，也就是，万一这个东西要是出现，它将是面目狰狞。假如你
们将时间耗费在等待上，那麽你们可是穷途末路。总之，我们对於这个「逼真小
客体」可不要过份揶揄。从事这样的追求总是确定会什麽结果？我现在再解释一
遍，它确定「不可能界」的存在，根据的事实是，这个关系千真万确地真实。你
的追寻越是定位在真理论述的这一边，你就越会支持「不可能界」的力量。这个
力量，我上一次已经跟你们个别列举出来，那就是统治、教育、有时候还有精神
分析。无论如何，精神分析的存在，是显而易见。

The subject supposed to know scandalizes, when I am simply approaching the truth.

我才不过是快要到达真理的论述而已，我作为应该知道「不可能界」的认知主体
就被丑化毁谤。

雄伯译
springherohsiung@gmail.com