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AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL INDICATOR

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International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Development Issue 6, Vol. 2 (March 2016)
Available online on http://www.rspublication.com/ijeted/ijeted_index.htm ISSN 2249-6149

AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL INDICATOR

Oyndrila Roy a, Aranyak Roy b, Dr.Debasis Roy b, c*

a University of Engenering and Management, Kolkata, India.
b La MartiniereForBoys, Kolkata, India.
c Depart of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India

.*Corresponding Author: Dr.Debasis Roy

Abstract The drinking water crisis in Asia is reaching alarming proportions. It might very soon attain the nature of global crisis.

Hence, it is of utmost importance to preserve water for human beings. In many houses there is unnecessary wastage of water due to

overflow in overhead tanks. AutomaticRamji

Water Mishra
Level Indicator and Controller
1,Dr.R.B Garg can provide
2,Kailash Chand 3 a solution to this problem. The operation of

water level controller works upon the fact that water conducts electricity due to the presence of minerals within it. So water can be

used to open or close a circuit. As the water level rises or falls, different circuits in the controller send different signals. These signals

are used to switch ON or switch OFF the motor pump as per our requirements.

The total amount of water available on Earth has been estimated at 1.4 billion cubic kilometers, enough to cover the planet with a lay-

er of about 3 km. About 95% of the Earth's water is in the oceans, which is unfit for human consumption. About 4% is locked in the

polar ice caps, and the rest 1% constitutes all fresh water found in rivers, streams and lakes which is suitable for our consumption. A

study estimated that a person in India consumes on an average of 140 litres per day. This consumption would rise by 40% by the year

2025. This signifies the need to preserve our fresh water resources.

Key words Transistors BC548C, Sensing Probes 18 SWG COPPER WIRES,Carbon rods, Resistor 220 k, LED, pump.

1.Introduction

A water level indicator may be defined as a system by which we from any reservoir, while filling such reservoir. The wires with

can get the information of water within the reservoir. Water level colours Blue, Red, Green & Yellow are adjusted to check Level

indicator systems are quite useful to reduce the wastage of water 1, Level 2, Level 3 and Level 4 respectively. Each of these four

2016 RS Publication, rspublicationhouse@gmail.com Page 145

International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Development Issue 6, Vol. 2 (March 2016)
Available online on http://www.rspublication.com/ijeted/ijeted_index.htm ISSN 2249-6149

wires are connected to the amplifier. In this project we have de- 2.2 Circuit diagram

signed the sensor to measure water up to four levels. Four seg-

ments of insulated conducting wires are used and the naked ends

within water are connected with carbon rods. The length of the

wire segments are adjusted according to the water levels within

the resoirvoir (Figure 1).

2.1 Experimental

This circuit consists of 4 sensing probes which are dipped in wa-

ter to sense the level of water. The probe A is connected as com-

mon to other three, which should be at the bottom most part of

Figure 1: Circuit digram of Water Level Indicator.
the water tank, also it act as a reference level. The probes B, C,

and D are set as minimum, middle and maximum level respec-

2.3 Equipments
tively. The circuit is assembled on a general PCB and encloses it
Input Voltage: 6 volt power supply is required.
in a casing and mounts it inside home with the indicator LEDs
Transistor: BC548C is general purpose silicon, NPN, bipolar
pointing out of the box. A short length three, 18 SWG copper
junction transistor. It is used for amplification and switching pur-
wires can be used as sensing probes and for common sensor
poses. The current gain may vary between 110 and 800. The max-
Probe A, a bare copper wire can be used.
imum DC current gain is 800.
When water in the tank touches the probe A and B both, a small
Water Sensors: 18 SWG copper wires can be used as sensing
current flows from A to B through water and to the base of tran-
probes that can be placed in the water tank. As the current re-
sistor T1 via a 220K resistor. As a result the transistor conducts
quired passing through the wire is in nano amps. But if needed
causing the LED1 to glow and immideatly the pump will start
then carbon rods at the end of wires can be used. These carbon
functioning and the buzzer starts sounding. Similarly, when water
rods should be thoroughly washed.
touches sensor C, LED2 glow and indicates that the tank is half-
LM7805: This is the 5v regulator used to power up the whole
filled and still the pump works and it gives the information about
circuit.
the level of water in the tank. Finally, when the water touches
Buzzer: Any 6 V buzzer will work here.
sensor D, LED3 glows and indicates the tank is completely filled

and immideately the pump stops functioning and the buzzer con-

nected will stop.

2016 RS Publication, rspublicationhouse@gmail.com Page 146

International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Development Issue 6, Vol. 2 (March 2016)
Available online on http://www.rspublication.com/ijeted/ijeted_index.htm ISSN 2249-6149

Automatic water level controller will automat-

ically START the pump set as soon as the wa-

ter level falls below the predetermined level

(usually 1/2 tank) and shall SWITCH OFF the

pump set as soon as tank is full .

It can be used to predict flood

Liquid level indicator in the huge containers in

the companies.
Figure 2: Side view of the propored model of Water Level

Indicator. Low costs.

Low power consumer.

Fuel level indicator in vehicles.

3.1 Future Scope

The basics need of human being is water and it is one of the most

important necesserty for all living beings. But unfortunately a

huge amount of water is being wasted by uncontrolled use and

due to our negligence. Some other automated water level moni-

toring system is also offered so far but most of the method has

some shortness in practice. We tried to overcome these problems

and implemented an efficient automated water level monitoring

Figure 3: Top view of the propored model of Water Level In-
and controlling system. Main intension of this research work is to
dicator.
establish a flexible, economical and easy configurable system

which can solve water losing problems. In the near future as

3. Applications
home automation web based water level monitoring and control-

ling system can be designed, through which the system can be

Automatic Water level Controller can be used in Hotels,
controlled from any place via internet through mobile phone.
Factories, Homes Apartments, Commercial Complexes,
This could have a substantial benefit from this research work for
Drainage, etc.
efficient management of water.

2016 RS Publication, rspublicationhouse@gmail.com Page 147

International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Development Issue 6, Vol. 2 (March 2016)
Available online on http://www.rspublication.com/ijeted/ijeted_index.htm ISSN 2249-6149

4. Conclusion June 2013 pp1825-1830,2013.

[4] S. Mahata, A. Maiti,and C. K. Maiti, Cost- EffectiveWeb-

This paper was intended to design a simple and low cost water Based Electronics Laboratory Using NI MultiSim, LabVIEW and

level indicator. This is not only for water tank but also used for ELVIS II, IEEE Journal, pp 242-243, 2010.

oil level and chemical lab. To design this system, we used transis- [5] P. Dietz, W. Yerazunis, D. Leigh, Very Low-Cost Sensing and

tor as a platform and local materials for low cost. We tried to de- Communication Using Bidirectional LEDs, UbiComp 2003: Pro-

sign a system in such a way that its components will be able to ceedings, vol. 2864, pp. 175-191, 2003.

prevent the wastage of water. The whole system operates auto- [6] S.Jatmiko, A B.Mutiara, Indriati Prototype of water level

matically. So it does not need any expert person to operate it. It is detection system with wireless, Journal of Theoretical and Ap-

not so expensive. This design has much more scope for future plied Information Technology Vol. 37 pp 52-59, 2012.

research and development. Though it is a project, we hope some [7] O.Roy, A.Roy, D.Roy, ELECTRONIC STREET LIGHT

modification in this project will lead to a reasonable diversity of SWITCH, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Re-

usage. search, Volume 6, Issue 11,pp 1335-37, 2015.

5. Lmitations

Heating problems due to stray capacitanc-

es.

Neck strain.

References

[1] Telemetry Over SMS-Based GSM Wireless Communication

System Noha Kamal, Sherine S. Ismail, Hala Abd ElKader and

Mohamed Sharaf, IJEAT Volume-2, Issue-2, December 2012.

[2] S. Mahata, A. Maiti,and C. K. Maiti Cost- EffectiveWeb-

Based Electronics Laboratory Using NI MultiSim, LabVIEW and

ELVIS II, IEEE Journal, pp 242-243, 2010.

[3] Raghavendra.R, Dr S.A Hariprasad Implementation of

Flash ADC using Multisim Technology, International Journal of

Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT) volume 4 Issue 6

2016 RS Publication, rspublicationhouse@gmail.com Page 148

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