Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
STORAGE
CALORIFIERS
EC SERIES
SC SERIES
BT SERIES
HEA T TRANSFER
INTRODUCTION
The HRSFUNKE Storage Calorifiers offer a high quality The design and manufacture of Calorifiers is generally carried
solution for domestic hot water (DHW) heating. The standard out in accordance with BS853 1996 Part 1 Grade A.
range is manufactured from either stainless steel, copper,
copper lined steel, galvanised steel or glass lined steel. The However, where the scope of BS853 Part 1 is deemed
heater battery is manufactured from either copper or AISI insufficient or specified site requirements need a higher
316L stainless steel AISI 316L with the electrical heaters specification and design manufacturing code, calorifiers are
made from from Nicalloy 825 ensuring an hygienic, reliable manufactured in accordance with BS853 Part 2 with
long life. The heaters are removable for cleaning and PD5500:2009 being offered as an alternative design code.
inspection purposes. Other design standards are also available should it be
required.
These storage calorifiers are also designed to be used with
electricity as the primary heat input. This is ideal for
applications where there are no boilers or other water
generating equipment available. Although electricity is STORAGE VOLUME AND
associated with high running costs, it is also a very efficient
means of DHW heating since all of the power used is
RECOVERY PERIOD
converted into heat. The use of electricity also negates the
need for extra space within the plant room to cover the duty, The storage volume of the cylinder (capacity) and THE
so boilers can be smaller, thus freeing up space for other recovery period (heat up period) determine the primary power
applications. input required (kW) and therefore the output (litres/hour). The
recovery period is the time it takes to heat the water up from
Of a high quality design and manufacture, the HRSFUNKE cold (usually 10C to 25C) to the working temperature
Storage Calorifiers offer an excellent product both (usually 60C to 65C) in minutes or hours. Long recovery
aesthetically and technically. The units are bespoke, and can times require low primary power input whereas short recovery
therefore be designed around constraints within the plant times require high primary power input.
room, with special attention being paid to where the terminat-
ing connections need to be on the unit to ensure that they The actual storage volume requirements can be roughly
match up with existing pipework. This helps to reduce on site calculated using the table below which should give good
costs due to labour and material savings. results. A study of the application should be made to
determine actual requirements, taking space, weight loadings
and power supply into account when selecting a volume.
WHY HRSFUNKE?
HRSFUNKE has many years experience in the design and Storage/Person Recovery Period
manufacturing of storage calorifiers. By using only the highest Type of Building (Litres) (H )
quality materials and components, we can guarantee the long
life of our calorifiers removing the inconvenience of unit Hotel 45 2
failure.
School/College 5 3
Boarding School 25 2
COPPER
Flow rate will depend on the demand for hot water. It will be op- So a Calorifier with a capacity of 4000 L with a 105 kW
timum during peak demand. Heating load should be calculated duty heater will be sufficient for this application. The
to satisfy the maximum flow rate. specified system can supply the maximum flow rate
based on the peak demand.
Key
A. Primary Inlet
B. Primary Outlet H. Safety Valve
H
C. Hot Water Outlet J. Drain
D. Secondary Return K. Thermostats (1 BSP) C
E. Cold Feed L. Inspection Opening A,B D,E X
F. Thermometer M. Immersion Heater
G. Pressure Gauge N. Anti-Vacuum Valve
G F
,K
100
The Standard
HRSFUNKE range Calorifiers have
L
working pressure of 6 BarG and 10 BarG. H C
Higher pressures are also available.
G F
Y
K
L
M
A
B E
75
X150-
Vertical Models
C H G F
D
K
M
A
B
J E
IMMERSION HEATERS
ELEMENT WATTS DENSITY Due to their design, removable core elements work at a low
watts density, which allows them to operate with significant-
ly less corrosion problems than rod elements. Generally
Element watts density is defined as the amount of watts giv- removable core element watts density is below 3.1W/cm2
en out per unit surface area of an element. A high element (20 W/in2)
watts density reduces the life of an element and significantly
increases the effect of corrosion on the element sheath. High With the exception of domestic and some light industrial
element watts density causes water to boil around the ele- heaters the standard watts density for rod element heaters
ment and produces a noise similar to that of a boiling kettle. is 9.3W/cm2 (60W/in2) . The standard watts density on our
Where an immersion heater has been fitted close to sleeping flanged heaters is 7.4 W/cm2 . This is suitable for heating
accommodation it has been known for this noise to keep peo- most types of water. Where water conditions are very hard
ple awake at night. or aggressive particularly in respect of desalinated wa-
ter or where chemical solutions are being heated, please
contact our technical department to obtain the correct element
specification.
CONTROL PANEL
The control panels are bespoke, specific to each project and are designed and manufactured with the highest quality components.
The panels can be supplied with either temperature based, timed or thyristor control as standard. The panels are wired through a
low water switch in the tank to ensure the heaters are not running dry.
Typical Electrical Specification 2A C type single pole MCB for control supply CE
marked and independently tested and approved to
Isolator with compatible door interlocking handle. EN60947 and EN60898 with a breaking capacity of
10KA.
Relays are Finder Fl55340040-8230 or equivalent.
Cable terminals are 10mm rated at A for power.
Enclosure for the control panel is made from sheet
steel with an IP rating of IP69X and is at least Cable terminals are 2.5mm rated at 24A for control.
IP54 once assembled.
Cable terminals are 2.5mm rated at 24A for BMS
MCB D type triple pole CE marked and signals.
independently ested and approved to EN60947
and EN60898 with a breaking capacity of 10 KA. Pilot lamps are 230Vac LED bezel style 22mm with
IP rated seal. Available in various colour options.
If the heat has not been satisfied after the given time
the timer will bring in stage two.
HEATER BATTERY
U-tubes are the most common heat exchangers used in calorifier manufacturing. Our U-tubes are made with high efficiency tubes,
which are unaffected by thermal expansion to provide optimum levels of reliability. The tubes in the heater batteries are available
in plain copper, making them suitable for both hard and soft water areas. Standard batteries are manufactured using copper
integron tubes. The heater battery is also available in stainless steel AISI 316L offering an hygienic, reliable long life. The heater is
removable for cleaning and inspection purposes. Enough space must be allowed to permit removal of the batteries. If the required
space is not known, assume the distance to be equal to the diameter of the vessel. The standard range of battery duties are based
on a one hour recovery period raising water from 10C to 60C with a primary medium of water at 82C to 71C. Bespoke calorifier
designs are available along with other duties, working pressures and primary mediums. Please contact our sales department for
further details.
Instead of U-tube, spiral tube heat exchanger designs are also available, which offer an alternative cost effective solution.
Inlet = 820C
Outlet = 710C
Heating Duty = 100 kW
Flow rate = 100/(4.2 x 11)
HRSFUNKE Storage Calorifiers are suitable for both vented and unvented (pressurised) systems. HRSFUNKE offer calorifiers
suitable for both types of systems together with equipment to ensure correct operation.
VENTED SYSTEMS
The calorifiers can either be vented from the secondary flow connection or from a dedicated vent connection to allow air to exit
the calorifier, air to enter the calorifier during drain down, and also thermal expansion of the water when it is heating up. The
vent connection or pipe should never be blocked or valved off. The exception being to vent/bypass valves on multi-calorifier
installations.
UNVENTED SYSTEMS
Unvented systems also known as sealed or pressurised systems are more common in installations than vented systems due to
building regulations. They are also used when it is not practical to fit a vent. For unvented systems additional equipment is
required:
The shell should be designed at a pressure calculated after thermal expansion of the cold water.
A cold feed kit comprising isolating valves, strainer and pressure reducing/regulating valves and check valves should be fitted
to regulate the cold feed pressure and to stop backflow from the calorifier into the cold water system. A booster set may have a
pressure reducing valve fitted as standard on fixed speed pump units.
Electrical Calorifiers - (EC Series) Storage Calorifier - SC Series Buffer Tank - (BT Series)
Insulation
Supports
The calorifier shell requires thermal insulation to prevent
Our calorifiers are supplied with permanent legs/supports unnecessary heat loss. The calorifier may be standing for
fixed to the shell. hours with hot water and if the tank is inadequately insulated
the stored water will cool down.
Manhole
Our tanks are supplied with compressed 50mm thick CFC
Manholes are supplied to allow for internal inspection of the free polyurethane or mineral wool insulation encased in
tank and heater. The heater can be inspected by removing it stucco aluminium cladding.
from the outside, but the manhole allows inspection without
removal.
Anti-Vacuum Valve
The standard manholes take the form of a flanged neck piece
extending away from the calorifier body. All copper lined calorifiers must be protected against partial
vacuum and ours are fitted with an anti vacuum valve. This
should only be removed during inspection
Anodes
Anodes can be provided based on the shell material or as per
requirement. Normally anodes are supplied with glass lined Control Thermostat
calorifiers to protect the shell from corrosion.
In electric calorifiers the control of the heating depends on
the feedback from the control thermostat so the accuracy of
Magnesium anodes are normally specified and the life time
control depends on the selection of control thermostat. In our
of the anode will depend on the quality of water and should
electric calorifiers the control is either by a number of control
be removed and replaced at regular intervals.
switches located at different levels or by a single temperature
switch which activates the heating process and is continued
by timer control relay in different steps.
High Limit Cut Out
Electric calorifiers are fitted with a high limit cut out to monitor Expansion Vessel
overheating and a manual reset button to restore to original
condition after malfunctioning. Expansion vessels are used with closed hot water and DHW
systems to absorb the excess water pressure caused by
thermal expansion. The expansion vessel is a small tank,
Low Level Switch which is separated into two parts by a rubber diaphragm.
One part is connected to the hot water line and contains
All Electric calorifiers should be fitted with a low level switch water. The other part is the dry side and contains dry air or
above the heater to ensure that it is not running in dry condi- other gases under pressure. During typical operation with
tions, which can damage it. normal pressure the diaphragm will push against the water
inlet, but when the line pressure is exceeded the force
reverses and the diaphragm pushes against the dry side.
Pressure Gauge
A pressure gauge is fitted near to the top of the tank. This is
used to measure the pressure inside the tank during
operation to ensure that it does not exceed the designed
pressure.
EXPANSION VESSEL
Expansion vessels are used with the closed hot water system and domestic hot water
systems to absorb excess water pressure caused by the thermal expansion. The expansion
vessel are small tanks having two parts isolated by a rubber diaphragm. One part a whole
tank which is connected to the hot water line and so will contain water. The other part is the
dry side which contains dry air or other gases under pressure. During normal working
conditions with normal pressure the diaphragm will push against the water inlet but when the
line pressure is exceeding the force it will reverse and the diaphragm will move comprising
the air on its other side.