BIO 3rd Lecture Exam

Cellular Respiration: C6H12O6+ 6O2-> 6CO2+ 6H2O+ Energy (ATP)

- Converting glucose to ATP

- Site: Mitochondria
- Produce heat as waste product
- Antoine Lavoisier (calorimeter, guinea pig produces heat)

Autotrophs- food (glucose) making organisms

a. Photoautotrophs (light)
b. Chemoautotrophs (chemicals)

Heterotrophs- organisms that gain food (glucose) from other organisms

Glucose

a. Cell work
a. Not done directly
b. Requires conversion
b. Storage

Cells extract energy from carbohydrates with series of reactions

1. Glycolysis
a. Occur in cytoplasm
b. Breakdown of glucose (6 C-sugar)to 2 molecules of pyruvate (3 C-
sugar)
c. Produces 2 molecules of ATP

*Pyruvate is groomed into Acetyl-CoA*

2. CitricAcid Cycle (Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle)-only runs with O 2

a. Site: Mitochondrial Matrix
b. Use of Acetyl CoA to produce CO2, NADH, FADH2
c. High energy bonds from former glucose got broken that produce
electron carriers (NADH, FADH2)
3. Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis
a. Electron carriers
b. Convert energy from protons to ATP by ATP synthase (protein)
c. ADP+P->ATP