Family Relationships Guide

CONTENTS
1. FAMILY
FAMILY 1
ADOPTION 1
FAMILY MEMBERS 1
2. H U M A N RELATIONS
FRIENDSHIP 4
LOVE 4
DATE 4
SEX 6
WEDDING 6
MARRIAGE 8
3. PARTNERSHIP PROBLEMS
PARTNERSHIP PROBLEMS 10
ARGUMENTS 10
INFIDELITY 11
BREAKUP 11
4. CHILDREN
BABIES 13
CHILDREN'S BEHAVIOUR 13
CHILDREN'S GAMES 14
UPBRINGING 14
PROBLEMS OF YOUNG PEOPLE 16
5. DAILY ROUTINE
INTHEMORNING 18
IN THE AFTERNOON 18
TIME FOR BED 18
6. FREE TIME
FREE TIME 22
VISITS 22
7. HOLIDAY
HOLIDAY 24
HOTEL ACCOMMODATION 24
BEACH 25
CAMPING 25
8. TRAVEL
BY RAIL 27
BY AIR 27
BY SEA 28
ON FOOT/BY BICYCLE 30
9. TRAFFIC A N D DRIVING
TRAFFIC 32
DRIVING 32
CAR ACCIDENTS 34
iii
CAR 34
PROBLEMS WITH A CAR 36
10. TOWN A N D SIGHTS

TOWN 37
STREET 39
SIGHTS 39
11. JOB
EMPLOYMENT 42
APPLYING FOR A JOB 42
WORK 43
CAREER 43
LEAVING A JOB 45
12. MONEY
MONEY MATTERS 47
THE BANK 47
13. SHOPPING
IN A SHOP 49
GOODS 49
SHOPS AND SERVICES 50
SALE 50
COMPLAINTS 52
14. CLOTHES A N D FASHION

CLOTHING 53
DESCRIBING CLOTHES 54
ACCESSORIES 56
JEWELLERY 56
FOOTWEAR 56
DRESSING 58
FASHION 58
15. FOOD A N D DRINKS

FOOD 60
FRUITS 63
VEGETABLES 63
NUTS 64
BEVERAGES 64
16. COOKING A N D EATING

COOKING 66
EATING HABITS 66
RESTAURANT 68
ON THE TABLE 70
17. HOME
PLACES TO LIVE 71
HOUSE 71
ROOM 71
ENTRANCE 73
LIVING ROOM 73
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BEDROOM 73
KITCHEN 73
BATHROOM 74
BUYING A HOUSE/ A FLAT 75
RENT 75
BREAKDOWNS 75
18. HOUSEHOLD
HOUSEHOLD 77
MESS AND CLEANING 77
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES 78
19. SCHOOL A N D EDUCATION

SCHOOLS 80
SUBJECTS.. 80
CLASSROOM 81
LESSON 81
EXAMS AND PERFORMANCE 82
UNIVERSITY STUDY 83
20. THE H U M A N BODY

PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY 85
BODILY FUNCTIONS AND MOVEMENTS 86
21. PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

ATTRACTIVENESS 90
BUILD. 90
HAIR 90
FACE 91
22. FEELINGS, EMOTIONS, M O O D S

FEELING HAPPY 93
FEELING UNHAPPY 93
FEELING ANGRY 93
EMOTIONS 94
MOODS 94
23. H U M A N QUALITIES 97
24. HEALTH A N D ILLNESS

HEALTH A N D HEALTH PROBLEMS 99
PAINS 99
ILLNESS AND DISEASE 99
INJURIES 102
FIRST AID 102
TREATMENT 103
AT THE DOCTOR , 103
AT THE DENTIST , 103
IN HOSPITAL 105
DISABILITIES 105
LIFESTYLE 106
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25. WEATHER
WEATHER AND TEMPERATURE 108
SUNNY A N D HOT WEATHER 108
RAINY WEATHER 108
WIND AND STORM .-109
SNOW AND FROST 109
26. CULTURE A N D ENTERTAINMENT

FILM AND CINEMA 111
THEATRE 1H
MUSIC AND CONCERT 112
BOOKS AND READING 114
ART AND HANDICRAFTS 115
27. MEDIA
NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES 118
TELEVISION 118
RADIO .....119
28. COMMUNICATION
TELEPHONING 121
THE INTERNET 121
POST OFFICE SERVICES 122
29. CRIME
CRIMES A N D CRIMINALS 124
THE CRIMINAL CAUGHT 125
AT COURT 125
30. DEATH A N D FUNERAL

DEATH !29
FUNERAL 129
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1. FAMILY
FAMILY
immediate/extended family to get divorced
a family of four to be divorced from sb
blended family to separate/split-up
one-parent family to remarry
childless family to marry into a family
family tree
family member cohabitation
family background bachelor
to raise/start a family spinster
marital status close/distant/blood relative
single
to be related to sb
engaged
to be relation to sb
fiance/husband-to-be
fiancee/bride-to-be What relation are you to Jim?
married
husband from one's father's/
mother's side
wife
of/from the first marrige
married couple
to come from a good family
divorced
to be one of the family
widowed
the black sheep of the family
to be widowed
within the family
widow
family gathering
widower
family life
grown-up
family relations
to get married
generation gap
to marry sb
offspring
to marry young
descendant
to marry sb off ancestor
ADOPTION
adoptive family orphanage
foster care children's home
to lose one's family to adopt sb
to be orphaned foster-parent
orphan foster-child
FAMILY MEMBERS
mother brother
father sister
parent uncle
son aunt
daughter cousin
1
1. FAMILY
grandparents niece
grandfather stepfather
grandmother stepmother
grandchildren stepbrother
grandson stepsister
granddaughter stepchild
great-grand(father...) sibling
father-in-law an only child
mother-in-law first-born
son-in-law illegitimate
daughter-in-law twin
brother-in-law : triplet
sister-in-law ; quad(ruplet)
nephew : sibling rivalry
2
1. FAMILY
F A M I L Y T R E E : describe M i k e ' s family tree.
NOTES
3
2. HUMAN RELATIONS
FRIENDSHIP
lifelong/lasting friendship to have a lot in common
best/good/close/old/ to see sb a lot
mutual friend
to get along with sb
my circle of friends
to understand each other's
mate (inf)/buddy (inf) problems
to be friends with sb to trust sb
to strike up a friendship with sb to confide in sb
to become friends to get sth off one's chest
to make friends with sb
to meet to let sb down/disappoint sb
LOVE
love for sb to feign indifference
to be in love with sb to express one s love for sb
to fall (madly) in love with sb declaration/sign of love
to show one's feelings
head over heels in love
love at first sight
to be crazy/mad/nuts (inf)
platonic/puppy love
about sb
undying/true love
to become infatuated with sb
to have a crush on sb
unrequited love
infatuation
the love of one s life
secret admirer
holiday romance
to long for sth
love affair
to dream of sb
love triangle
to take an interest in sb
serious/intimate/sexual
to attract sb relationship
to eye sb to be intimate with sb
to flirt with sb to be made for each other
flirtation love nest
flirtatious love (inf)/sweetheart (spoken)
to hide one's desire for sb inseparable couple
to give attention to sb You mean a lot to me.
to fall out of love
to be flattered
DATE
date to go out together
blind date to see each other
to go out on a first date to get to know each
to meet sb through a lonely other better
heart s ad matchmaker
to go out with sb/date sb a good match
4
2. HUMAN RELATIONS
'E: Valentine is m a d l y in love with E m m a . W h a t is their story a s s h o w n in the pitures b e l o w ?
NOTES
5
2. HUMAN RELATIONS
to match sb up with sb steady girlfriend

to steal/pinch sb s girlfriend
to make a good match
to take a short break
to pick up sb/chat sb up
to fail
dating agency
SEX
(sexual) intercourse (fml) passionately
to have sexual contact to be sexually active
to make love to/with sb to sleep around
to have sex/sleep with sb to have safe sex
casual sex
to sleep together
safe/unprotected sex
to be just (good) friends
preservation/condom
virgin
to use contraception
to lose one's virginity
to protect against sth
first sexual experience
venereal disease
premarital sex
to pass (a disease) on
one-night stand (inf) by sexual contact
to seduce sb heterosexual
to cuddle homosexual
to kiss gay
(French) kiss lesbian
gently registered partnership
WEDDING
hen's party (BrE)/bridal best man
shower (AmE)
wedding ceremony
stag night (BrE)/bachelor
to make one s marriage vows
party (AmE)
to exchange wedding rings
to come to one's wedding
to perform traditional rituals
to propose to sb
wedding reception
to send wedding invitations
to propose a toast
wedding card
to make a speech
to make/draw up the guest list
to cut the wedding cake
wedding dress/wedding gown
wedding presents/
veil
wedding gifts
train
shotgun wedding
the big day
to have a civil wedding white wedding
to have a church wedding to go somewhere
wedding procession on one's honeymoon
bride newlyweds
bridegroom/groom trousseau
bridesmaid dowry
6
2. HUMAN RELATIONS
D A T I N G : invent a story e x p l a i n i n g w h y Jane falls asleep d u r i n g her date with Peter.
NOTES
2. HUMAN RELATIONS
MARRIAGE
(un)happy marriage her ex-husband/future
husband
loveless marriage
his lawful wife
stormy marriage
devoted husband
arranged marriage
marriage vows
to rush into a marriage
marriage certificate
to marry sb for love
marriage settlement
to be happily married
marriage of convenience
to make sb happy
marital problems
to respect each other
henpecked husband
respect for sb
breadwinner
tolerance towards sb
to wear the trousers/
to have a good relationship
pants (inf)
We work well together.
marriage guidance
harmonious/equal . counselling
relationship
: breakdown/breakup
married couple : of marriage
8
2. HUMAN RELATIONS
W E D D I N G : c o m p a r e a n d contrast these t w o pictures. W h i c h w e d d i n g w o u l d y o u prefer? W h y ?
MOTES
9
PARTHERSHIP PROBLEMS
to be jealous of sb quick-tempered
unhealthy jealousy to make a fuss about

little things
to suffer from jealousy
possessive/domineering/bossy
to make a scene
selfish
in a fit of temper
egoist
to hurt sb s feelings
intolerable/unbearable
to be disappointed in sb
to be rude to sb
to be furious with sb/
be mad at sb to dictate
to complaint/moan about sth to order sb around/about
to reproach/blame sb for sth to put sb down/belittle sb
to be at fault to rule the roost (inf)
to do sth on purpose to run sb's life
to be indifferent/ tyrant
apathetic to sth/sb heartless
to become estranged from sb
aggressive
estrangement
emotional blackmail
to die down/cool poor soul
(excitement...)
vulnerable
to fade away
to defend oneself from/
lack of respect/tolerance
against sth/sb
to misuse sb s trust/kindness
to stand humiliation
to make concessions
to twist sb round one s
little finger to feel small/feel humiliated
henpecked husband domestic violence
He is completely under to beat sb

her thumb. pure/absolute/sheer hell
She got tired of him. to be at the end of one's rope
alcoholic to resign oneself to sth/be
liar resigned to sth
gambler to put up with sth/reconcile

oneself with sth
womanizer
to start afresh
obstinate/stubborn
ARGUMENTS
to drive sb crazy/nuts (inf) to fight over/about sth
to have enough of sb to call sb names
to interfere/meddle in sth
to get angry/get cross with sb to fall out with sb
to lose one's temper

to dress sb down/tell sb off
row/quarrel/fight
to shout/scream at sb
clash
to insult sb by sth
to have a row/a quarrel/a fight
to be offended at/by sth
to provoke sb into a fight
10
to feel offended to apologize for sth

to take offence to ask/beg for sb s forgiveness
to take sth personally attempts at reconciliation
to take sth the wrong way to make a compromise
not speak to each other to forgive sb for sth
to give way to make up
INFIDELITY
to cheat on sb adultery
to two-time sb (inf) adulterer
to play around with sb to commit adultery
to break up the family
(un)faithful to sb
to know of his/her infidelity
unfaithful man/woman
to forgive sb of/for sth
extramarital affair
to let bygones be bygones
to have an affair
BREAKUP
breakup/split-up/separation to threaten with a divorce
to break up/split up/separate to file a petition for divorce
to live apart reasons/grounds for divorce
to leave/desert sb for sb else divorce settlement
to go one's separate ways
deserted wife/husband
to get over sth/cope with sth/
manage sth
to dump sb (inf)
to go back together again
to be dumped
to patch up (one's marriage)
to reproach oneself for sth
to go wrong
qualms/remorse
to be on the rocks (inf)
to regret sth
to break sb's heart
to end in divorce
to get a divorce
11
T H E T U R T L E D O V E S : w h a t ' s the interesing story b e h i n d this a b s u r d couple? W h a t marital p r o b l e m s d o they

suffer f r o m ?
NOTES
12
4. CHILDREN
BABIES
to be expecting a baby ; carrycot
to give birth to a baby : to rock
unborn baby ; baby walker
test-tube baby :
playpen
The baby is due in March. rattle
to be born pram (BrE)/baby carriage
to be premature/be early (AmE)
to be overdue/be late pushchair, buggy (BrE)/

stroller (AmE)
newborn
to push a pram
toddler
highchair
baby boy
to soil
baby girl
bib
to breast-feed
to howl
to bottle-feed
to cry
to suck one s thumb
to hush the crying baby
dummy
to gurgle/babble
to change a nappy
baby talk/babble
doth nappies
to go potty
disposable nappies
potty
changing table/mat
to toilet-train
to cradle sb
to pee (inf)
in sb s arms
to poo (inf)
on sb's lap
wet/soiled nappy
cradle
nursery/creche
cot
kindergarten/nursery school
CHILDREN'S BEHAVIOUR
child/kid (inf) to ignore sb
good to talk back/answer back to sb
naughty/bad (spoken) to tease each other
well-behaved
bad-mannered childish prank
obedient to make a lot of noise
disobedient to get up to
problem/difficult child Kids, what are you

getting up to upstairs?
lo behave oneself/behave well
to romp around/romp about
unmanageable
to fight over sth
unify
to use bad language
boisterous
telling tales/sneaking
relentless
telltale/sneak
ot stick at anything for long
to tell on sb/sneak on sb
to fool around/mess around
to pester sb
to show off
to play (sb) up
to be cheeky to sb
13
4. CHILDREN
CHILDREN'S GAMES
to play with (a doll...) to play hide-and-seek
toy car blind man s buff
toy soldier to play tag
soft to chase each other
wooden a game of (hide-and-seek...)
squeaky to teach sth through play
teddy (bear) to get tired playing
to play at (soldiers...) in the playground
UPBRINGING
to bring up to talk sb out of sth
family background to talk to a brick wall
to pamper
to spoil to be at one's wits' end
spoilt/spoiled to need a firm hand
brat (inf) to soften sb up

to be firm
to be strict/soft with sb
to punish
excessive permissiveness
to praise sb for sth to deserve punishment
not be allowed to do sth as a punishment
to forbid sb to do sth physical/corporal punishment
to disapprove of sth to spank sb

to give sb a slap
to take sb's side to tame sb
to have trouble with sb to be grounded
to make sb angry to ground sb
to get angry/get cross with sb to be an example to sb
to talk to sb seriously to hold sb up as an example
to warn sb/give sb a warning to be a good boy/girl
to tell sb off to learn one's lesson
to get a scolding/get told off stubborn
to scold sb for sth sensible
14
4. CHILDREN
C H I L D R E N : t h i n k of the j o y s a n d worries each s t a g e of a child's d e v e l o p m e n t m a y bring, a n d c o m e u p with a

story for these t w o n e w parents.
NOTES
15
4. CHILDREN
PROBLEMS OF YOUNG PEOPLE

youth TV/video game... addict
the youth/young people
(of today) to keep pace with sth/sb
teenage/adolescent peers
(rebellion, daughter...) i peer group
teenagers/youngsters/ peer pressure
kids (inf)
adolescent copycat (inf)
adolescent behaviour
youth culture gang/group
to go through puberty to join a gang
at puberty to be a gang member
to feel grown-up outsider
moody to get/fall into bad company
oversensitive to hang out with sb (inf)
emotionally unstable
to hang around
uncommunicative
; to go to parties
to confide in sb
; to party (inf)
to retreat into oneself/
one's fantasy : to experiment with sth
to become withdrawn smoking
independent of the family taking drugs
frictions : drug addiction
to be in conflict : to betray sb s trust
with one's parents
16
4. CHILDREN
P R O B L E M S O F Y O U N G P E O P L E : c o m m e n t o n h o w the t e e n a g e r s in the pictures s p e n d their free time. Are/Were

your t e e n a g e years similar or different?
NOTES
17
5. DAILY ROUTINE
IN THE MORNING
to wake (up) to do one's make-up
to wake sb up to have a look at oneself
to be (wide) awake in the mirror
to oversleep (for work) to get dressed
to get up early/late to put sth on
to be an early bird/riser to get undressed
to sleep in to take sth off
night owl to walk the dog
to jump out of bed to have sth for breakfast
to crawl out of bed to skip breakfast
to drag sb out of bed to have a quick breakfast
to yawn to do sth in a rush
to stretch to take one's time
to set the alarm clock for (7:00) to be in a hurry/rush
to go off at (7:00) to rush sb
to do one's morning routine rush
to do/take exercise to commute to work
to have/take a quick shower to go to work by car/by bus...
to have a wash in cold water

to catch a bus/train...
to brush/clean one's teeth
to miss a bus/train...
toothbrush
to walk to work
toothpaste
to be punctual/a latecomer
to comb/do one s hair
to get to work late/in time
comb
to be late/in time (for a place)
to have a shave
a delay of (about 20 minutes)
IN THE AFTERNOON
to leave work to spend one's free time
to collect the children to get one's things ready
(from a place) for the next day
to do the shopping to watch T V
to do the cleaning to watch sth on T V
to do the cooking to take a bath
to relax to take a shower
TIME FOR BED

to go to bed till late at night
sleepy to read/take a walk before bed
to fall asleep/go to sleep
to stay up late
to be a light/heavy sleeper
to stay up/sit up
18
5. DAILY ROUTINE
to spend a sleepless night to snore

to count sheep snoring
to have nightmares to dream about sth
insomnia to doze/nod off
sleeping pill to doze off/nod off/
to stay awake all night drop off to sleep
to be (sound/fast) asleep to sleep sth off
to sleep like a log (inf) to talk in one's sleep

to sleepwalk
S H U F F L E D M O R N I N G R O U T I N E S : p u t M r D i s o r d e r ' s m o r n i n g routines into the correct order.
NOTES
19
5. DAJLY ROUTINE
M N M M G EXCUSES:com a p with Stanley's e x p l a n a t i o n for w h y h e ' s late t o work.
NOTES
5. DAILY ROUTINE
T I M E F O R B E D : c o m p a r e a n d contrast these pictures a n d discuss the different w a y s in which p e o p l e s p e n d their

nights. W h i c h n i g h t illustrated here is m o s t similar to y o u r s ? W h y ?
NOTES
21
6. FREE TIME
FREE TIME
to relax/take a rest : to be keen on sth
to unwind (inf)/chill (out) (inf) ! to go jogging
to forget about sth ; to practise yoga
to take one s mind off sth to give sth a whirl (inf)/
I a go (inf)
to take a good rest I to chat/gossip with sb
: on the phone
to have (some days ...) off to attend language courses
to enjoy a well-earned rest to take dancing/
lazing about/lazing around music lessons
to slob out/slob around to go to the cinema/

theatre/museum...
to spend time doing sth
to be an amateur actor
to busy oneself with sth
to socialize/go out
to take time out (to do sth)
to go out
to while away the evening etc.
to pass the time
an evening out
We played cards to pass
sociable/outgoing
the time.
a good company
to go in for sth
to keep sb company
hobby/interest/pastime to go out for a beer/meal...
handyman to go down to the pub/

club/park...
collector
to get out of town
to be enthusiastic about sth
to walk through the forest
VISITS
a visit to sb/a call on sb to have a visitor/visitors/
quick/(un) expected visit company
We re expecting company
to drop in on sb this evening.
not be in
to go to see sb to take off one s coat/
to come over jacket etc.
to come for (the weekend) Make yourself comfortable,
to be on a (short) visit to offer sth to drink
to have somebody over to return a visit
22
6. FREE TIME
FRE >mpare a n d contrast these pictures. W h a t d o y o u like d o i n g in y o u r free time?
NOTES
- a t e J haite.. a. WLp y J5v\0cie. j ha .ye., q iW;.!^ I." ....
1
23
7. HOLIDAY
HOLIDAY
to be on holiday holiday destination
to go on holiday to enjoy one's holiday/
to take a holiday have a nice time
to have a holiday to book a package tour
to take (a few) days off work

to go on one's own
to spend one's holiday to rent/hire a car
(at the cottage) car hire
holiday abroad to get out of town
seaside holiday to go camping

the ideal place for a to pack/unpack one s things
(romantic) holiday
to take a photo of sth/sb
holidaymaker
holiday snaps
seaside hotel
to come back/
holiday resort return from holiday
HOTEL ACCOMMODATION
accommodation at the hotel double room
boarding house/guest house twin room
motel suite
inn including breakfast
B&B (Bed and Breakfast) with a bath
to put sb up air-conditioning
to put up at (a hotel) guest
for the night
at the reception desk
to stay at/in a hotel
desk clerk
hotel room/bar/lobby...
to get/leave one's key
to reserve/book a room
to fill in the form
(in advance)
to pay the bill
reservation/booking
in the name of... hotel staff
fully booked/booked up bellboy/bellhop
to have no vacancy maid/chambermaid
to be occupied nonstop/friendly/helpful
service
to try one's luck elsewhere
wake-up call service
to check/book into a hotel
full board
to check out of a hotel half board

(by 10 o'clock) in/at/during high/peak season
single room in the low season/off season
24
7. HOLIDAY
BEACH
sandy/shingle/nude beach deckchair
to lie/lie around on the beach
sand
to sunbathe
sea
to sunburn
wave
to get tanned/get a tan
to have a swim
to lie in the sun/in the shade
to go for a swim
suntan lotion/oil/cream
swimsuit
sunglasses
bikini
protection against the sun
beach towel
sunhat
beach ball
sunstroke/heatstroke
swimming belt
overheating
sandcastle
to avoid (the) sunshine
shell
to dive
to walk on the beach
lifeguard
beach umbrella
to splash about/around
CAMPING
to camp tent pole
to pitch camp/make camp rope
campsite Peg
water supply sheet
toilets ground sheet
tent waterproof
shelter sleeping bag
caravan air mattress
to put up/pitch a tent mosquito net
to take down a tent insect repellent
25
7. HOLIDAY
H O L I D A Y : c o m p a r e a n d contrast these pictures. H o w d o y o u usually s p e n d y o u r holiday?
NOTES
26
8. TRAVEL
BY RAIL
TRAINS window seat
to go by train corner seat
to catch/get a train sleeping car/sleeper
to get on/board a train dining car/buffet car
to get off a train luggage van
to change corridor
to pull into a station
to pull out of a station AT THE RAILWAY STATION
to travel via (a place) (main) railway station
train journey/ride arrival
rails departure
to derail timetable
railway to be/arrive on time
guard/ conductor to be delayed
train dispatcher platform
traveller/passenger ticket office/booking office
luggage rack train/rail fare
aisle What's the fare?
couchette single ticket
passenger train return ticket
freight/goods train waiting room
stopping train station hall
express/high-speed train entrance
through train way out
engine left-luggage office
engine driver buffet/refreshment
wagon vending machine
carriage bookstall
compartment information board
27
8. TRAVEL
28
8. TRAVEL
T R A N S P O R T A T I O N E M P L O Y E E S : each of the individuals b e l o w w o r k for a t r a n s p o r t a t i o n c o m p a n y . W h a t d o e s

their c o m p a n y offer? W h i c h f o r m of transportation?
NOTES
29
8. TRAVEL
dock
shipyard
to be in port
to moor
sailor to come into port
captain to leave port
the crew anchor
passenger at anchor
to board a ship to drop anchor
to get off a ship to weigh anchor
to embark lighthouse
to disembark buoy
embarkation coastguard
disembarkation calm/rough sea
to sail wave
voyage tide
on board ebb
to set sail for (a place) to be seasick
harbour to be shipwrecked
port to sink
shipwreck
pier/jetty
castaway
survivor
quay
ON FOOT/BY BICYCLE
to walk crossbar
on foot brake lever
hiking/trekking gear lever
hike/trek chain
hiker sprocket wheel
to go hiking pedal
to hike (the Rocky mountains) inner tube
strenuous (climb) brake
exhausting mudguards
rucksack/backpack kickstand
to hitchhike rear light
to pick up a hitchhiker reflector
cycling pump
by bike lock
cyclist/rider bike rack
to ride a bike/to cycle helmet
to go for a bike ride child seat
handlebars cycle path
saddle cycle lane
30
8. TRAVEL
A F A N T A S T I C T R I P : tell the story of M r A d v e n t u r e ' s journey.
NOTES
31
9. TRAFFIC AND DRIVING
TRAFFIC
heavy traffic to cross against the red
busy/clear road to run out into the road
There wasn 't much traffic to be hit by a car
on the roads.
car park
clearly-marked roadway
parking meter
roadway
disabled parking
main thoroughfare traffic sign
road safety warning
roadwork
traffic rules/regulations
diversion
to follow/obey/observe sth
roundabout
to comply with sth
one-way street
to break sth
cat's eye
traffic violation/offence
sharp/double/blind bend
to commit an offence
underpass
to jump the lights
flyover
fine
crash barrier
wheel clamp
to get caught in rush-hour
to be fined for
to be stuck in heavy traffic/
(a parking violation/speeding)
a traffic jam
at a speed of 50 kmph
to crawl
at high/low speed
to control traffic
to go at top/full speed
traffic bights
traffic warden speed trap
to cross the road to breathalyze
crossroads breathalyzer
at the (next) crossroads breathalyzer test
blind crossing drunk-driving
to look out to be disqualified from driving
zebra crossing
to disqualify sb from driving
DRIVING
driving school to be in gear
driving lesson to take the car out of gear
to learn to drive to slow down
to obtain one s driving licence to speed up/accelerate
to lose one's driving licence to back/reverse/go backwards
to start (up) sth/get sth started to back the car up
to release the clutch slowly to back/reverse the car into
to put the car in gear (the garage)
to change gear to back/reverse the car out

of (the garage)
reverse gear
32
9.TRAFFIC AND DRIVING
T R A F F I C V I O L A T I O N S : c o m m e n t o n the situations below. W h a t d o y o u t h i n k has h a p p e n e d in each?
NOTES
33
to go straight to put/slam on the brakes

to curve/turn to overtake (on a bend)
to give way to pass sth
to signal to go round the bend
oncoming car to stop/pull up
direction to pull in/over
in the direction of (Prague)
at/by/on the roadside
to turn off (the motorway)
to stop in a lay-by
along/up/down a road
to pay a toll
on a road
main road to concentrate on driving
side/back road to get lost
motorway road map

to do (fifty) kilometres
inside/middle/outside lane
We've run out of petrol.
three-lane road/motorway to fill up the tank
to change lanes at a petrol station
to turn into/onto a tankful of petrol
to brake (sharply/hard) to run on unleaded petrol
CAR ACCIDENTS
to cause an accident to run off the road
to report an accident to drive one's car into a ditch
fatal road accidents to crash into/hit sth
careless/reckless driver to collide (head-on)
to go like a madman collision/crash
to exceed/break the speed limit to end up in (a place)
to overturn
to swerve at the last moment
to do some damage
to have a close shave/
to skid/go into a skid
a narrow escape
CAR
EXTERIOR bumper
bodywork
numberplate
roof
headlight
sunroof
sidelight
roofrack
fog light
aerial
indicator
windscreen
front/rear wheels
windscreen wiper
wing
side-view/wing mirror
tyre
rear window
hubcap
bonnet
exhaust pipe
boot
reverse light
door
brake light
doorhandle
reflector
34
A C A R A C C I D E N T : tell the story of Victor's accident (and personality).
NOTES
35
rear light odometer

petrol cap rev(olution)
trailer rev counter
warning light
INTERIOR
fuel gauge
steering wheel
temperature gauge
horn
heater controls
rear-view mirror
car radio
ignition
front/back seat
ignition key
headrest
brake
anti-lock braking system (ABS)
clutch
accelerator air conditioning
dashboard airbag
gear lever seat belt
child seat
manual/automatic gearbox
satellite navigation
speedometer central locking system
PROBLEMS WITH A CAR

to have a breakdown silencer
to fix the trouble to top up
warning triangle antifreeze
to be left stranded to be leaking
to rescue to be slipping
to give sb a tow petrol tank
to tow (to a place) chassis
to pull defective brakes
breakdown lorry/truck bald tyre
tow service puncture
to check for sth spare tyre
to change/replace jack
to fit sth wrench
to remove sth/take sth off spare parts
(spark)plug mechanic
point car service
flat/charged battery to overhaul
to recharge the battery

engine worn-out/used
radiator old banger
36
10. TOWN AND SIGHTS
TOWN
37
10.TOWN AND SIGHTS
C I T Y LIFE: w h i c h aspects of living in a t o w n or city d o each of these pictures s h o w ?
NOTES
38
10. TOWN AND SIGHTS
STREET
high/shopping street passer-by
side/back street street lamp
alley to walk the street (after dark)
to drop litter
busy/quiet street
litter bin
crowded street
dustbin
deserted/empty street
to be full of litter/be littered
cobbled street
street crime
pavement
street corner
curb/kerb
to live on the streets
pedestrian
street musicians
SIGHTS
to see the sights/do some to be preserved
sightseeing
to burn down
to go sightseeing
well-preserved
destroyed
to show sb the sights
ruins
to take sb round the sights
remains
sightseeing tour
to consist of sth
sightseeing coach
to form
guided tour
to restore/renovate
itinerary
to convert into sth
to get lost
to be (partly) restored/
guide book
rebuilt
to be situated/be located
to rank among sth
to (be) spread out
to be rich in sth
to found/establish
monument/memorial
to originate
chateau
date of foundation
castle
origin
tower
to date back to (the 13th century)
town gate
ancient
town walls
medieval
fortification
style
column
kite
fountain
early
residence/seat
Romanesque
monastery
Gothic
convent
Renaissance
church
Baroque
chapel
modern/classic...) architecture
tomb
catacombs
a fine example of (Gothic)
architecture cathedral
39
10.TOWN AND SIGHTS
basilica little-known
chamber to be famous/renowned for sth
statue significant
mosque notable (feature/example...)
temple to be notable for sth
synagogue interesting
steeple/spire fascinating/breathtaking
arch impressive
dome magnificent/splendid
vault the charm of the place
cornice popular tourist attraction
pillar to attract huge numbers
observation tower of tourists
outskirts/environs to pay the entrance fee

free of charge
a place of pilgrimage
to wander around
to admire
tiredness
to explore
to be worth seeing to get sick and tired
of sth (spoken)
well-known
to become overloaded with sth
40
10.TOWN AND SIGHTS
S T R E E T : c o m p a r e these t w o pictures a n d try t o find at least 5 differences between t h e m .
NOTES
41
11. JOB
EMPLOYMENT
to employ sb/take sb on work from home
sedentary job
employer
staff/labour/personnel/
employee workforce
occupation white-collar worker
line of work blue-collar worker
profession headquarters
vocation chief executive
to make/earn a living management
to do sth for a living (personnel...) department
to live off (music, interest
from savings...) executive/manager
to hold a post department head
position/post senior
civil service foreman
civil servant superior/boss
manual/intellectual job subordinate
to have one s own business to report to sb
to run a firm to work under sb
self-employed to be in charge of sb
to freelance
casual/seasonal job to be familiar with sth
summer job to introduce sb
to moonlight to clock in/out
APPLYING FOR A JOB

to look for/seek a job references
to apply for a job to fix a meeting
applicant for sth to go for a job interview
labour office to be called/be invited
job centre for an interview
to place/put an ad selection
vacancy/opening to make a (good)

impression on sb
recruitment
to be short-listed
to become vacant
to submit one's certificates
to have a vacancy for
ability
(a position)
skill
to send a job application
knowledge
to attach a curriculum vitae/CV
command
brief/concise
(in) sufficient
detailed
school report
to state one's data
diploma
to fill in/complete
a questionnaire exam in sth
42
11.JOB
work experience the basics of sth

qualified fluently
(in)experienced to get by in (English)
graduate to evaluate
higher education to consider
ambitious/self-driven to notify
efficient to meet the requirements
industrious/hardworking to succeed
communicative to fail
(in) decisive to fill the post
(elementary, intermediate, contract of employment
advanced) level
WORK
full-time/part-time job drudgery
working hours/worktime strain
flexible/fixed hours to work oneself to death
to work shifts to do the donkey work
to work morning shifts to go slow
to work double shifts to shirk
to work overtime to malinger
to commute to work indispensable
working environment to downshift/slow down
workload to be overworked
enjoyable to break down
monotonous burned out
stressful to manage sth
exhausting to feel/be ready for sth
to be overwhelmed by/ to take a day off
with sth (e. g. paperwork)
unpaid leave
to be swamped with sth
pay/salary/wage
to pile up
remuneration
to procrastinate
perks/fringe benefits
backlog
to get a pay rise
CAREER
to build up one s career to work one's way (up) to ...
to get on well to be passed over
for promotion
to improve
careerist/climber
one s qualifications
to be appointed
retraining
to remove/suspend
prospects for promotion
sb from office
to promote sb
to be suspended
to prove one s ability
removal/suspension
43
11.JOB
E M P L O Y M E N T : c o m m e n t o n each of these j o b s , t h i n k i n g of qualification, time at work, duties, p a y or salary,

a n d prospects for the future of each.
NOTES
44
11.JOB
LEAVING A JOB
to give notice working regulations
to quit/leave a job discipline
notice period to comply with sth
dismissal to neglect
to dismiss (at an hour's negligence
notice)
incompetence
to sack (inf)/throw out (inf)/
gross misconduct
fire (inf) sb
to be/get fired (inf)/
to misappropriate
sacked (inf) for sth
to reveal sth
laid off/made redundant
to take measures
redundancy to investigate
redundant to draw/face consequences
redundancy pay to be out of work/unemployed
to terminate to be entitled to sth

one's employment unemployment benefits
probation to be on the dole (inf)
to take early retirement sickness benefits
unreasonable maternity benefits
involuntarily to be on maternity leave
absenteeism to be on strike
labour turnover to strike against/for sth
to breach to call for sth
a breach (of regulations)
45
11.JOB
J O B S A T I S F A C T I O N : invent a story e x p l a i n i n g w h y Patrick decided t o leave his j o b .
NOTES
46
12. MONEY
MONEY MATTERS
(small) change to be stinking rich (inf)/
banknote be filthy rich (inf)
cash to have money to burn
in cash
to cost a lot of money/
to make/earn (good) money a fortune
to spend money on sth to lend sb
to waste money on sth to borrow
to owe
to squander/blow (inf)
to raise money
money on sth
to get by on/manage with
to lose money on sth
(an amount)
to save money on sth
to live on sth
to save up money for sth
to live on (an amount)
to scrimp and save
to splash out (a wad/
thrifty an amount) on sth
spendthrift to cough up (an amount) (inf)
to be short of money
to be penniless to run up a huge bill
to be flat broke/be stony broke to pay/foot the bill
to make a fortune/a pile (inf)/ to pump sb for money

a mint (inf) money down the drain
to invest money in sth to bleed sb for every
to pump money into sth last penny
good/sound investment money laundering
to pay off counterfeit money
to convert sth into money dirty money
to be loaded (inf)/ idle money

be rolling in it (inf) pocket money
THE BANK
to open an account bank charge
with a bank
loan
current/deposit/savings/
to take out a loan
joint account
to repay/pay off the loan
deposit
repayment/instalment
withdrawal
standing order
to make a deposit
interest on sth
to make a withdrawal
interest rate
to draw (out)/
withdraw money to pay higher interest
to deposit money with a bank statement of account/

bank statement
to put money in a bank
overdraft
A T M (automatic teller
machine) to go overdrawn
47
byt pfecerpan o (kolik) I to write sb a cheque for vypsat sek komu na (castku)
to be overdrawn by
(an amount) \ (an amount)
to be in the red (inf) byt zadluzeny, byt v minusu
W A Y S T O G E T R I C H : tell the story of w h a t h a p p e n s to this (lucky?) lottery winner.
NOTES
48
13. SHOPPING
IN A SHOP
to do the shopping to jump the queue
to go shopping at the till/cash desk/checkout
to buy/purchase sth to serve
buyer to be served
customer Are you being served?
consumer to wrap sth up
shopper plastic/paper bag
seller purse
shop assistant wallet
cashier to pay (in) cash/by credit
card/by cheque
to go on a shopping spree
to include VAT
to be looking for sth
(value added tax)
to come across sth
to charge
opening hours
change
shopping list
payment
shopping bag
deposit
in the shop window
to invoice
to go window-shopping
an invoice
to look around the shop to keep the receipt/bill
to browse around a shop proof of purchase
shopping basket H P (hire purchase)
trolley to have sth on trial
to queue (up) to afford sth
to be/stand/wait in a queue to shoplift
to join the queue shoplifter
GOODS
goods expensive/pricey
product cheap/inexpensive
item priceless/valuable
wide choice/range/selection worthless/valueless
assortment free of charge
to choose from sth additional/extra charge
brand to have sth in stock
make to be out of stock
branded goods We don't stock them,
label to order
pricelist to store
price tag warehouse/store

to sell well stocktaking/inventory-taking
49
13. SHOPPING
SHOPS AND SERVICES

shopping centre bar
supermarket coffee shop
chain store refreshment stall
corner shop snack-bar
department health food shop/
wholefood shop
department store
boutique
baker's
to try sth on in a fitting room
butcher's
to fit
chemist's
to suit
stationer's
a good size
office supplies
in all sizes
grocer's
dry-cleaner's
counter
greengrocer's launderette
newsagent's hairdresser's
fishmonger's barber's
deli estate agent's

travel agent's
ironmonger's/hardware store
florist's (car/cycle/shoe...) repair shop
jeweller's
(ice cream/hotdog...) stand
bookshop
shoe shop market
toy shop flea market
electrical appliances second-hand shop
optician's junk shop
household goods jumble sale
china shop
giftshop car-boot sale
antiques to get rid of sth
sweetshop available by mail order
tea shop/tearoom delivery
cafe delivery service
pub to deliver the goods
SALE
a good value/a real bargain on sale
to get a discount on sth
to buy sth at a discount for sale
10 pounds off (clearance) sale
at a bargain/reduced price the January sales
cut-price (fruit/toys...) special offer
half-price bargain hunter
50
S H O P P I N G : c o m m e n t o n the pictures below. D o y o u prefer to s h o p in a s u p e r m a r k e t or in s h o p s specialized for
particular f o o d s ? W h a t different k i n d s of specialty f o o d s h o p s are there? specialized for
NOTES
51
13. SHOPPING
COMPLAINTS
to complain about sth to be of good/high quality
a complaint about first-class
the quality of sth
quality
to make a complaint
inferior
to receive a complaint
guarantee certificate
claim for compensation
to meet/reject a claim
a letter of complaint
to exchange sth for sth else
to refund
faulty/missing goods
to demand a refund
damaged
to overcharge sb/rip sb off
soiled
a rip off (inf)
to be of bad/poor quality
to be taken in
overpriced
52
14. CLOTHES AND FASHION
CLOTHING
MEN'S CLOTHING pleated
single-/double-breasted suit with a slit
trousers wrap-around skirt
tie trouser suit
shirt tunic
collar dress
cuff leggings
sleeve cardigan
waistcoat lingerie
(sports) jacket bra
coat knickers/panties/briefs
(hooded) jacket tights
blazer stockings
lining corset/basque
lined suspender/garter
jumper/sweater/pullover slip
crew-neck nightdress/nightie
polo-neck/turtleneck dressing gown/bathrobe
underwear evening dress
vest ballgown
socks wedding dress
knee socks veil
underpants train
briefs apron
boxer shorts
nightwear CASUAL AND SPORTS WEAR
pyjamas T-shirt
dinner jacket sweatshirt
tailcoat/tails short-/long-sleeved
shorts
WOMEN'S CLOTHING jeans
top dungarees
blouse cut-offs
pads camouflage
strapless tracksuit/trackie (inf)/
sleeveless leisure suit
oval neckline winter coat
V-neck anorak/windcheater
low neck
raincoat - hood
high neck
waterproof
mini skirt
football jersey
knee-length
football boots
full-length skirt
one-piece/two-piece swimsuit
full
bikini
straight
53
swimming trunks ski pants

bathing cap ski gloves
wet suit goggles
ski jacket leotard
DESCRIBING CLOTHES
STYLE creaseproof
(in) formal creased
elegant/smart to crease/crumple
festive to shrink
casual
comfortable COLOUR
practical single-coloured/plain-coloured
conventional multicoloured/colourful
fashionable/trendy/stylish light/bright/dark colours
good-quality shade
original pastel
cool faded
extravagant garish
gaudy to blend with sth
for my taste to clash
old-fashioned
SIZE
MATERIAL tight
fabric loose
cloth baggy
linen close-fitting/tight-fitting/
skin-tight
cotton
stretch
wool
flattering
corduroy
to fit
denim
to grow out of sth
silk
to take up
velvet
to let down
flannel
to take in
terry
to let out
satin
brocade
PATTERN
lace plain
suede patterned
leather striped
fur polka-dot
polyester floral
synthetic chequered/ checked
thick speckled
thin geometric
transparent batik
worn-out ornamenal
ragged striking
shabby motif
54
F A S H I O N : w h a t in the w o r l d are these p e o p l e w e a r i n g ?
NOTES
55
ACCESSORIES
cap braces
hat tie
woollen hat bow tie
straw hat tin pin
glasses (foldaway) umbrella
sunglasses handbag
scarf briefcase
muffler gloves
shawl mittens
belt to complement (each other)
buckle
JEWELLERY
earring fake stone
ring imitation
watch costume jewellery
chain to match sth/go with sth
necklace to blend with sth
pendant matching
bracelet becoming
brooch decent
clasp gaudy/showy
precious stone tacky
FOOTWEAR
outdoor footwear to take sth off
lace-up/leather shoe to change one's shoes
walking/hiking boots to fasten/do up
Wellington boots/gumboots to lace up/do up
brogues to unfasten/undo
slip-ons/moccasins to wear down/out
sandals to wear through
flip-flops worn-down/worn-out
high-heeled shoes/heels/ to pinch
stilettos
well-fitting
to wear heels
ill-fitting
court shoes
lace
patent leather shoes
eyelet
tennis shoes/trainers (BrE)/
tongue
sneakers (AmE)
sole
running shoes
heel
pumps
toe
slippers
to polish
clogs
shoe polish
to put sth on/slip on sth
56
W A R D R O B E C O N T E N T S I N T H E G A R D E N : in pairs or g r o u p s , discuss w h a t these items h a v e in c o m m o n .
NOTES
57
DRESSING
to put sth on to dress smartly/warmly ...
to take sth off/strip off sth overdressed
to get dressed underdressed
to get undressed/strip to dress up
to strip naked/to the waist to be dressed up as...
to do up
to strip down to to undo
(one's swimsuit)
button
to change sth
zip
to get changed
lace
to change into sth/out of sth
to loosen
to dress sb in sth to roll up
FASHION
to be fashion-conscious a passing fad/craze
to follow fashion
leading fashion magazine
to conform to fashion
fashion show
to be in fashion/
be in vogue/be in (inf) to design models
to come into fashion/vogue fashion designer
to go out of fashion/ to set the fashion

be out (inf) fashion industry
to replace sth with sth fashion model
to prevail fashion photographer
to come back into fashion fashion victim
in the latest fashion fashion plate (inf)
trend
58
A S H O E A N D A S H I R T : n a m e the parts of these items.
NOTES
59
15. FOOD AND DRINKS
FOOD
GRAINS aniseed
grains ginger
wheat saffron
oat cardamom
barley turmeric
rye curry
rice whole
corn crushed
millet ground
grain/kernel a pinch
short-/long-grain aroma
couscous
semolina HERBS
herb
bran
chives
wholemeal (flour, bread...)
parsley
to mill
dill
PULSES marjoram
pulses basil
bean mint
pea thyme
lentil coriander
soya beans rosemary
chickpea sage
to soak fennel
bay leaf
SEEDS
oregano
seeds
tarragon
sunflower seeds
a sprig
pumpkin seeds
to flavour
sesame seeds
mustard seeds MEAT
poppy seeds i red/white meat
: lean
SPICES
: pork
spices
I beef
black/white pepper
: veal
caraway
1 lamb
paprika
: mutton
chilli
I Ash
allspice
: poultry
nutmeg
; chicken
vanilla
; duck
cinnamon
\ goose
cloves
\ turkey
60
15. FOOD AND DRINKS
breast scale
thigh cleaned
wing fillet
skin steak
dressed to catch a fish
venison
SEAFOOD
game
seafood
pheasant
lobster
quail
crab
hare
crayfish
deer
scallop
roe deer
mussel
offal
clam
rump
oyster
chop
octopus
rib
cuttlefish
joint
squid
sirloin
prawn/shrimp
boned
cured
MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCE
smoked dairy produce
fillet whole/semi-skimmed milk
steak skimmed/condensed milk
mince
cooked (un)pasterized
ham cream
bacon whipped cream
salami butter milk
sausage yoghurt
pate to turn/go sour
tinned meat cottage/cream cheese
egg blue/soft/hard cheese
yolk to grate
egg white grated
shell mozzarella
cheddar
FISH edam
salmon
parmesan
trout
goat's cheese
tuna
cod FLOUR
mackerel white/wholemeal flour
sardine dough
sole yeast
skate baking powder
bass : to sift
pike j to knead
carp I to prove
eel ; bread
61
15. FOOD AND DRINKS
roll jelly
bun mousse
French bread ice cream
crust scoop
loaf cone
slice sorbet
crumb sundae
breadcrumbs (boiled) sweet
pasta toffee
lollipop
CAKES AND DESSERTS
to have a sweet tooth
(birthday/wedding) cake
fruit tart CONDIMENTS
trifle condiment
pastry ketchup
puff pastry mustard
sponge cake soya sauce
apple pie mayonnaise
pancake spread
muffin (balsamic) vinegar
biscuit (olive) oil
custard to flavour
A H E A V Y S H O P P I N G : Lola is o n her w a y f r o m the supermarket. From the scattered groceries o n the floor, g u e s s
w h a t she b o u g h t .
62
15. FOOD AND DRINKS
FRUITS
stone fruit blueberry
citrus fruit gooseberry
berries cranberry
apple red/black currant
pear melon - rind, flesh, seed
plum
peach grapes
nectarine banana - skin
apricot pineapple
cherry kiwi fruit
pulp papaya
core mango
stone avocado
to stone ripe
lemon rotten
lime dried fruit
orange %
grapefruit date
tangerine prune
zest raisin
segment candied/preserved fruit
strawberry jam
raspberry marmalade
blackberry
VEGETABLES
potato pak choi
tomato Brussels sprout
cucumber sweetcorn
red/green pepper marrow
carrot pumpkin
celeriac courgette (BrE)/zucchini (AmE)
celery radish
onion horseradish
garlic - clove aubergine
shallot beetroot
spring onion parsnip
leek rhubarb
cauliflower spinach
broccoli fennel
cabbage - stalk chicory
lettuce artichoke
green bean beansprout
green pea - pod mushroom
kohlrabi truffle
63
15. FOOD AND DRINKS
olive gherkin
stuffed olive to pickle
sauerkraut
NUTS
walnut brazil nut
almond coconut
chestnut shell
hazelnut shelled
peanut whole
cashew nut salted
pistachio roasted
BEVERAGES
HOT DRINKS ALCOHOLIC DRINKS
black/green/herbal tea draught/bottled beer
tea bag froth
ice tea malt
black/white/ice coffee hops
filter/instant coffee lager
decaffeinated coffee bitter
caffeine stout
cream dry/sweet/sparkling wine
coffee grounds mulled wine
espresso spritzer
cappuccino champagne
hot chocolate liqueur
cocoa liquor
vodka
SOFT DRINKS
rum
tap water
brandy
bottled water
gin
still/sparkling water
tequila
mineral water
whisky
soda water
to quench one s thirst
fizzy drink
to work up a thirst
juice
sober
lemonade
drunk
cola
blind drunk
tonic
to get drunk on sth
strawberry milkshake
to sober up
to have a hangover
64
15. FOOD AND DRINKS
A B I G EATER: in pairs or g r o u p s , discuss w h a t each of these f o o d items h a s in c o m m o n .
NOTES
65
16. COOKING AND EATING
COOKING
to clean to steam
to dress to stew
to roast
to dress (a salad)
to bake
to peel
to fry
to shell
to deep fry
to chop sth
to stir-fry
to slice sth
to grill
to dice sth up
to heat up
to cut sth into slices/cubes.
to thicken
to cut sth up
to dilute/water down
to cut sth in half/in two
to sprinkle sth with sth
to grate
to sprinkle sth on/over sth
to mash
to freeze
to crush
to defrost
to pour
to bottle
to mix
to preserve
to stir
to dry
to whisk
to candy
to roll
to pickle
to scramble
to marinate
to coat sth in/with sth
to smoke
to boil
to cure
to spoil
to simmer
to burn to a cinder
to poach
EATING HABITS
to eat well/healthily/sensibly fibre
to eat modestly wholemeal
balanced/healthy diet (un)saturated fats
poor diet preservatives
vegetarian/Western diet
daily diet artificial additives
high-fibre diet food colouring
junk food (inf) food industry
organic food malnutrition
fatty/starchy food to live on (chips and cola)
to eliminate sth from the diet to treat oneself to sth
nutrition fastidious
vitamins substantial breakfast
minerals to be on a varied diet

to be on a strict diet
trace elements
vegetarian
66
E A T I N G H A B I T S : c o m p a r e a n d contrast these pictures. W h a t are y o u r eating habits?
NOTES
67
vegan to watch one's weight

meat-eater to be on a diet
my ideal weight
to eat like a bird (inf)
to have a weight problem
to eat like a horse (inf)
low calorie food
to overeat
to count/burn off calories
to eat sth at/in one sitting
food/calorie/fluid intake
to stuff oneself/
gorge oneself with sth (inf) nutrition expert
to pig out on sth (inf) to be slimming (down)
to raid the fridge (inf) to lose weight
to be overweight/
to slim down to (60 kilos)
be underweight
eating disorder
to put on weight
anorexia
to get fat
bulimia
RESTAURANT
to eat out soup
customer/guest main dish/main course
waiter side order
waitress dessert
barman dip
barmaid vegetarian dish
chef portion/serving/helping
cook to serve generous portions
atmosphere double helping
non-smoking area children's portion
to seat sb to have a second helping
to take a seat to try
to serve to taste/smell nice
good/slow/terrible service delicious/superb/excellent/tasty
exquisite
to make one s order/order
mouth-watering
to take the order
overcooked
last order
undercooked
menu
too salty
drink list
hot
lunch menu
spicy
specials
bland
course
disgusting
a four-course meal
to pay separately/altogether
aperitif
It's my treat./This is on me.
starter/appetizer
to leave a tip for the waiter
68
I N A R E S T A U R A N T : l o o k at these t w o pictures a n d try to find at least 5 differences between t h e m .
NOTES
69
ON THE TABLE
to set/lay the table sugar bowl
tablecloth tray
table/place setting napkin
cutlery ashtray
crockery ice bucket
glassware coaster
spoon beer mat
fork straw
knife to uncork
glass to pour
tumbler/glass to wipe up
cup corkscrew
mug bottle opener
teapot condiments
milk jug salt
bowl pepper
plate olive oil
saucer vinegar
soup bowl soya sauce
dinner plate dressing
side plate to clear the table
17. HOME
PLACES TO LIVE
bungalow mansion
terraced house manor
detached house flat/apartment
semi-detached house studio (apartment)/bedsit
block of flats surroundings
cottage convenient
HOUSE
roof pantry/larder
chimney lightning conductor
tile gutter
dormer window balcony/terrace
skylight banister
wall patio
window porch
shutter conservatory
sash window garage
window sill drive
attic back garden
loft gazebo
floor swimming pool
basement shed
cellar path
storeroom courtyard
utility room gate
ROOM
floor fixtures
ceiling fitted furniture
central heating to be fitted with sth
spacious/roomy luxurious
sunny homely
cramped antique
draughty contemporary/modern
cold The room needs painting.
cosy to paint/decorate
(un)comfortable to wallpaper/decorate
furniture and fittings to decorate the room with sth
71
17. HOME
R O O M S A N D F U R N I T U R E : describe the h o u s e in the picture.
NOTES
72
17. HOME;
ENTRANCE
hall/hallway/entrance hall door knob
doorbell coat rack
peephole shoe rack
doormat corridor
door knocker staircase
door chain stair/step
door handle banister
LIVING ROOM
sofa mantelpiece
sofa bed chandelier
cushion lamp
coffee table wall light
armchair spotlights
bookcase French windows
shelf curtain
carpet net curtain
rug Venetian blind
painting roller blind
vase decorations
candlestick study
fireplace home entertainment
BEDROOM
single bed blanket
double bed bedspread
headboard bedside table
mattress bedside lamp
bed linen alarm clock
sheet clock radio
pillow dressing table
pillowcase (built-in) wardrobe
duvet/eiderdown chest of drawers
duvet cover drawer
quilt
KITCHEN
kitchen unit hotplate
worktop gas burner
cabinet (ceramic) hob
drawer sorting unit
shelf I extractor (fan)
cooker/stove : sink
(electric/gas) oven : tap
73
17. HOME
dishwasher sideboard
draining board dishcloth
cupboard kitchen towel
kitchenware washing-up liqui
BATHROOM
bath/bathtub/tub TOILETRIES
drain (liquid) soap
shower shower gel
cold/hot tap shampoo

conditioner
washbasin comb
plug bubble bath
mirror brush
bath mat sponge
towel rail pumice
hand towel tweezers
bath towel toothbrush
facecloth toothpaste
bathroom scales dental floss
laundry basket mouthwash
toilet shaving foam
toilet seat aftershave
bidet electric razor
toilet paper disposable razor
toilet brush razor blade
17. HOME
BUYING A HOUSE/A FLAT

real estate agency mortgage rates
mortgage bank owner/householder
to take out a contract of purchase
(20 year) mortgage
to move into a flat
to put down a deposit on
to move out of a flat
(a house)
to have a flat of one's own
to pay off/repay the mortgage
to settle in
mortgage payment/instalment
to renovate
to pay for sth by
(monthly) instalments maintenance
RENT
to rent a flat to take in lodgers
to pay rent
to rent out/let a flat to raise/lower the rent
lodging deposit
lodger/tenant
to dismiss a lodger
landlord
landlady to share a flat with sb
BREAKDOWNS
breakdown The handle has come off.
The dishwasher has The lights have fused.
broken down.
to replace a blown fuse
The tap is dripping.
to flood out
The sink is blocked.
damage caused to
The gas is leaking. sb s property
The roof is leaking. to pay sb compensation
The toilet won t flush.
The fridge is out of order. household insurance
The remote control plumber

isn 't working. fitter
The T V picture won't come on. to have sth repaired
The drawer is jammed.
75
17. HOME
L I V I N G : c o m p a r e a n d contrast these pictures a n d say which style y o u prefer, if either.
NOTES
76
18. HOUSEHOLD
HOUSEHOLD
to look after/run the household to come to about (an amount)
family budget to keep house for sb
to budget cleaning service
cleaning lady/woman
to economize on sth
domestic help
costs
to do for sb
expenditures/spendings on sth
to pay bills for sth household chores/housework
utilities spick and span (inf)
rent pigsty
electricity
water rate
MESS AND CLEANING

to do the cleaning/tidy up/ It collects dust.
clean up
to spill sth
to take turns
spilt
to do the room
to rub
regular/thorough cleaning
to come off
tidy/neat
mess to sweep/wipe the floor
rubbish to wash/scrub the floor
cleanliness to hoover/vacuum the carpet
The room is a bit of a mess. hoover (BrE)/vacuum
cleaner (AmE)
The room is a complete mess. to clear off the table
a pile of washing-up/
to make a mess the dishes
to clean up/clear the mess to do the dishes/do the
to leave the house in an washing-up
awful mess to wash the dishes/wash up
to leave sth lying about dirty
to clear the rubbish soiled
dustpan filthy
brush clean
broom dishcloth
to dust tea towel
dust to dry (up) the dishes
duster a pile of dirty laundry
bucket to do the laundry
a thick layer of dust to rinse
a speck of dust to rinse sth out
to be covered in dust to rinse one's hands
77
18. HOUSEHOLD
washing powder cloth

to hang the laundry out to disinfect
to dry
to kill germs
to do the ironing
to clean the windows
iron
to air the room
ironing board
to clear the snow
to make one's bed
to mow the lawn
to change the bed
to weed
dirty sheets
weed
to polish sth
to get overgrown with weed
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES
household appliances liquidizer/blender
to save time and energy juicer/squeezer
to go without sth cutter
fridge toaster
freezer cooker hood/extractor (fan)
dishwasher to remove the smell of cooking
(gas/electric) cooker/stove washing machine
tumble dryer
hotplate (steam) iron
pressure cooker under guarantee
(microwave) oven
78
18. HOUSEHOLD
T H E C L E A N I N G L A D Y : describe M r s Cleanliness s day.
NOTES
79
19. SCHOOL AND EDUCATION
SCHOOLS
(compulsory) schooling college (GB)
to go to school/ college (US)

attend school (fml)
law/medical/business school
state/private school
pre-school education university
nursery school/kindergarten department
primary school (GB) the Faculty of Law/Education.
elementary school (US) boarding school

to leave school
secondary school (GB)
headmaster/headteacher
headmistress/headteacher
comprehensive school (GB)
deputy head
grammar school (GB) caretaker

staff room
public school (GB) staff meeting
tuition
junior high school (US)
extra tuition
tuition fee/school fee
high school (US)
school holidays
higher education the school/academic year
SUBJECTS
compulsory subjects philosophy
optional subjects/electives sociology
syllabus/curriculum law
timetable maths
to be on this year's syllabus physics
the arts/the humanities chemistry
the sciences biology
literature geography
languages information technology
history physical education
music religious education
art extracurricular activities
80
CLASSROOM
teacher textbook/coursebook
pupil workbook
classmate exercise book
schoolchildren school bag
desk pen
aisle pencil
teacher's desk colour pencil
blackboard pencil sharpener
chalk pencil case
sponge eraser/rubber
teaching aids ruler
interactive board
language/science lab
overhead projector
flip chart
equipment
81
LESSON
history/maths etc. teacher home preparation
to assign/hand in an essay
to teach
to substitute for/stand in for sb a stack of papers to correct
fair/patient/exacting teacher
to examine
strict/lenient teacher to correct
to be popular with students to mark
to study to fall behind/lag
to learn behind the class
to play truant/skip classes (inf)
to do well/badly at school
to pay attention truant
to make/take notes unprepared
to revise teacher's pet (inf)
subject matter swot (inf)
class/lesson talented/ambitious/
hard-working student
revision lazy/inattentive/slow/
mediocre student
to talk in class
discipline
to be late for class
undisciplined
to miss (French) class
cheeky
to give classwork/homework to scold/praise sb for sth

to get told off
to get/do one's homework to be kept in
82
EXAMS AND PERFORMANCE

oral/written exam in sth to get an A in sth
to get straight As
entrance/final exam
good/high mark
school-leaving exam
low mark
school report
to get good marks for (history)
GCSE (General Certificate
of Secondary Education)
achievement in sth
A-level (Advanced level)
to make (good/slow) progress
(un) satisfactory/
to take/do/sit an exam
average results
to pass an exam
to be good/bad at sth
to fail/resit an exam
to have a talent for sth
to examine sb in sth
to excel at/in sth
to memorize/learn by heart
brilliant
to cram/swot (inf)
academic type
(for a test etc)
self-taught person
to cheat
to go on to further education
to copy
cheat sheet/crib
UNIVERSITY STUDY
to enrol on/for sth professor
enrolment tutor
student enrolments to lecture/give a lecture on sth
to apply to a university academic year
applicant term/semester
admission form
to be accepted/admitted to sth undergraduate
to refuse admission graduate
to go to university/uni (spoken) exam period
credit
to study/read (history)
dissertation/thesis
at university
university degree
to get/have a degree in
(history) bachelor
to take/do a course in sth master

doctor
to put oneself down for a course to graduate/take one's
to win a scholarship degree from sth
to live in hall degree ceremony
vice-chancellor to drop out
dean to expel from school
lecturer to be suspended/be expelled
83
S T U D Y I N G F O R A N E X A M : discuss h o w these t w o s t u d e n t s are s t u d y i n g for their exams, a n d w h a t their results

are.
NOTES
84
20. THE HUMAN BODY
PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY

hair genitals
head vagina
face penis
forehead testicle
temple groin
ear limb
eye leg
eyelid thigh
eyelash knee
eyebrow calf
nose shin
cheek foot
chin toe
mouth big toe
lip ankle
tongue sole
tooth instep
neck heel
mole skin
freckle muscle
nape joint
shoulder tendon
armpit skeleton
chest bone
breast skull
nipple jaw
arm collar bone
elbow rib
forearm rib cage
wrist breastbone
hand shoulder blade
palm spine
thumb pelvis
index finger tailbone
middle finger
ring finger INTERNAL ORGANS
brain
little finger
pharynx
nail
larynx
back
vocal cords
abdomen/stomach/belly
throat
navel
thyroid gland
waist
tonsil
hip
lung
buttock
85
20.THE HUMAN BODY
windpipe BODILY FLUIDS AND EXCRETIONS
heart vein
liver artery
kidney blood
stomach sweat
spleen tear
pancreas saliva
gall bladder bile
small intestine urine
large intestine stool
appendix
BODY SYSTEMS
bladder
respiratory
rectum
digestive
ovary
nervous
uterus
cardiovascular
prostate
lymphatic
endocrine
urinary
reproductive
BODILY FUNCTIONS AND MOVEMENTS

HEAD AND EYES to clench one's teeth
to turn one s head
to shake one's head LAUGHTER
to nod one's head to smile
to raise/lift one s head/look up tolaughatsb/sth
to blink one's eye to roar with laughter
to rub one's eyes to giggle

to snigger
NOSE AND BREATH to chuckle
to breathe
to hold one s breath ARMS AND HANDS
to gasp for breath to rub one s hands
to sniff to hold sth in one s hand
to snore to hold hands
to sigh to shake hands
to choke/suffocate to take sb by the hand
to blow one's nose to take sb in one's arms
to wipe one's nose to cross/fold one's arms
to pick one's nose to clench one's fists
to punch sb on the nose to snap one's fingers

to shrug one's shoulders
MOUTH to hug/embrace (fml) sb
to stick out one's tongue to touch
to lick one slips to scratch
to burp/belch to stroke
to swallow to fondle
Your teeth are chattering. to tickle
86
20.THE HUMAN BODY
H U M A N A N A T O M Y : n a m e the parts of the h u m a n b o d y .
NOTES
87
20.THE HUMAN BODY
to slap/smack sb to throw
to pinch sb to throw sth away
to hit/punch sb to fling sth
to bang
to bang one's fist on sth FEET AND WALKING
to stand on tiptoe/on one's toes
to pull sth
to stamp one's feet
to push sth
to shuffle one s feet
to press sth
to shuffle/shamble
to squeeze sth
to creep/crawl
to bend sth
to hobble
to tear sth
to limp
to pick up/lift sth
to run
to upset/overturn/tip over/
knock over to dash
to drop sth to trot
88
20.THE HUMAN BODY
B O D I L Y F U N C T I O N S A N D G E S T U R E S : g u e s s which expressions and/or gestures the pictures below illustrate?
NOTES
89
ATTRACTIVENESS
pretty/beautiful woman gorgeous/stunning
handsome man cute
good-looking plain/homely
attractive unattractive
BUILD
slim/slender to watch one's figure
slight build to keep/lose one s figure
thin/skinny/bony pear-shaped build
muscular/athletic build broad shoulders
medium/average build hairy chest
well-built large/small breasts
plump flat-chested/small breasted
stocky build shapely body/legs ...
sturdy knock knees
fat bow legs
overweight narrow/wide hips
obese firm thighs/buttocks...
gross (inf) flat belly
fatty/fatso (inf) beer belly
to have a good figure sagging
HAIR
fair lank
blonde greasy
brunette to be losing one's hair/going bald
dark brown bald
auburn receding hair
ginger loose
dark plaited
black ponytail
grey bunches
short chignon
long bun
shoulder-length French pleat
straight dreadlocks
wavy crew cut
curly shaved head
frizzy bob
thick parting
thin fringe
shiny crop
90
perm strand of hair
tinted/dyed hair lock of hair
highlights dandruff
rinse split ends
to get one s hair cut/done wig
FACE
round arched eyebrows
square big/straight/bulbous nose
oval hooked/Roman nose
pretty snub nose
pale hollow/chubby cheeks
wrinkled high cheekbones
freckle full/thin/sensual/cracked lips
dimple
wart even/crooked/false teeth
birthmark buck teeth
acne to wear a brace
pockmarked pointed/double chin
spotted moustache
high/low/wrinkled forehead beard
bright/hollow/dull/ goatee
slanted eyes sideburns
thick/thin/straight eyebrows clean-shaved
91
P H Y S I C A L A P P E A R A N C E : describe the a p p e a r a n c e s of the people below.
NOTES
92
22. FEELINGS, EMOTIONS, MOODS
FEELING HAPPY
to feel fine/good amused at/by sth
to feel great enthusiastic about sth
happy/satisfied/content ecstatic about sth
happy/glad/pleased happy/cheerful
to lift/raise sb s spirits to cheer sb up
to please sb/make sb happy to make sb's day (inf)
FEELING UNHAPPY
to feel bad/miserable to be afraid/frightened/
sad scared of sth/sb
unhappy frightened/scared to death
lonely shocked at/by sth
surly/bad-tempered horrified at/by sth
depressed/down/low upset about/at/by sth
to get depressed about sth

hurt
to feel blue to be in a huff
hopeless guilty at/about sth
desperate to be disappointed in sth/sb
frustrated with/at sth/sb disappointed about/at/with sth

unconcerned about sth/
sleepy indifferent to sth
tired apathetic about sth
exhausted confused/puzzled/perplexed
worn out/tired out to feel embarrased about/at sth
bored with sth/sb

to feel uncomfortable/awkward
nervous about sth
to feel self-conscious about sth
worried/anxious about sth/sb
to feel uneasy about sth

to worry about sth/sb
to be terrified of sth to feel as if/as though...
FEELING ANGRY
annoyed at/with sb for sth furious with sb/oneselffor sth
annoyed about/by sth enraged at/by sth/sb

upset with sb
irritated about/at/with/by to lose one's temper
sth/sb to hit the roof (inf)/
angry with/at sb blow one's top (inf)
angry about/over sth to go mad/go berserk (inf)

to make sb angry/make sb mad
angry with/at oneself to annoy/irritate sb
furious at/about sth to get on sb's nerves
to infuriate sb
93
TO FEEL... bitterness
urge for sth
love^br sb
admiration for sb
love of/for sth
interest in sth/sb
jealousy o/sb
concern foriabout sth
envy o/sth
concern over/with sth
tiredness
curiosity about sth
fatigue/exhaustion
indifference to/towards sth
loneliness
excitement at/over sth
grief over/at sth
disgust at sth
sympathy/pity/or sb
disgust w/tfj sth
contempt for sth/sb compassion/or sb
hatred of/for/towards sb to feel sorry for sb
spite towards sb
EMOTIONS
to control one s emotions to arouse (strong) emotions
to give in to sth to experience (a similar)
to suppress emotion
to overcome conflicting/mixed emotions
to express/hide one's emotional

emotions emotionless
to display/show one's
emotions
MOODS
to be in a good/bad/ to lighten sb's mood
foul, etc mood
to be in no mood for sth
to be in an
to get up on the wrong
optimistic mood
side of bed
to put sb in a good/
to affect sb s mood
bad, etc mood
mood swings
to get into the mood
moody
to be/feel in the mood for sth
94
S A M S F E E L I N G S : S a m is very emotional. H o w is he feeling in each of these pictures?
NOTES
95
H O W W O U L D Y O U FEEL IF . . . ? H o w w o u l d y o u feel if y o u f o u n d yourself in each of these situations?
NOTES
96
23. HUMAN QUALITIES
inteUigent/bright/quick-witted modest/unpretentious/
not very intelligent/bright... humble
slow boastful/immodest
big-headed/conceited/
stupid stuck-up
dense (inf)/thick (inf) arrogant/pretentious
self-confident/self-assured snobbish/snobby/snooty
shy/timid/self-conscious to underestimate oneself/

put oneself down
lively/energetic/animated/
vivacious brave/courageous
spontaneous a coward
reserved/withdrawn/ domineering
introverted strict
(un)friendly lenient/soft/tolerant/
(un)sociable permissive
talkative/chatty hard-working/diligent
quiet/taciturn/ lazy/idle
uncommunicative perfectionist
witty/amusing clumsy/all thumbs
boring/dull
open/straight rash/hasty/impulsive
sincere/frank/truthful
forgetful/ absent-minded
(dis)honest
relaxed/laid-back (inf)/
hypocritical/two-faced easy-going (inf)
warm-hearted/kind-hearted unpredictable
nice calculating
kind indecisive
considerate/thoughtful eccentric
inconsiderate/thoughtless crazy/mad/barmy (inf)
unkind/nasty/cruel ambitious
spiteful/vicious/malicious rude/impolite
mean disrespectful/ cheeky
conscientious/careful selfish/self-centred/
careless egocentric
credulous/gullible/naive envious
suspicious jealous
generous curious/inquisitive
mean/stingy quick-tempered/
bad-tempered
greedy/grasping
touchy/easily offended
sensible/reasonable
strange/freaky/weird (inf)
practical/realistic/
down-to-earth a freak (inf)/a weirdo (inf)
headstrong/pig-headed/ enigmatic/mysterious
stubborn/obstinate
97
23. HUMAN QUALITIES
W H A T A R E T H E Y L I K E ? W h i c h h u m a n qualities d o each of these people represent?
NOTES
98
24. HEALTH AND ILLNESS
HEALTH AND HEALTH PROBLEMS

the state of health to become ill/fall ill/get ill
good/excellent health minor ailments
to treat
poor/ill health
a cure for a disease
failing health
to cure
health care
to feel much better
health risk/hazard
to get well
to damage one's health
to get worse
to improve one's health
to recover from sth
to be disposed/immune to sth
to get rid of sth
PAINS
to complain of to ease/relieve pain
(nagging/shooting...) pain to kill pain
severe pain painful
unbearable pain painless
My (back/shoulder...)
to persist
hurts/aches.
to be gone
to hurt like hell (inf)
ILLNESS AND DISEASE

illness RESPIRATORY TROUBLE
AND DISEASES
disease sore throat
cold/chill
to suffer from an illness/ flu
a disease
to catch/get a cold
to contract a disease (fml)
to catch/get the flu
symptoms of an illness/
a disease to be in bed with flu
serious/chronic illness/disease to be hoarse
stomach/liver, etc. disorder to cough

cough
kidney) failure to sneeze
lung/breast, etc. cancer runny nose
malignant/benign tumour headache
acute illness swollen tonsils
fatal/deadly illness/disease tonsillitis
( insurable illness/disease to sweat
childhood disease to take one s temperature
infectious/contagious disease fever
heart/venereal/skin... disease to have a temperature
to rise
mental disease
to drop
psychosomatic illness
99
thermometer epilepsy
to show epileptic fit
bronchitis multiple sclerosis
pneumonia
asthma ALLERGY AND SKIN DISEASES
allergic to sth
DIGESTIVE DISORDERS hay fever
loss of appetite allergic rash
nausea allergic reaction to sth
indigestion allergen
food poisoning anaphylactic shock
diarrhoea cold sore
constipation rash
haemorrhoids eczema
cramps psoriasis
(stomach) ulcer
to feel sick ARTICULAR DISEASES
rheumatism
to be sick/vomit
arthritis
to throw sth up
gout
to swallow sth
artificial joint
to choke on sth
dysentery
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
cholera
(virus) infection
contagious/infectious/catching
CARDIOVASCULAR
spread of a disease
DISEASES
anaemia epidemic
hypertension/ typhoid
high blood pressure malaria
heart attack jaundice
varicose veins hepatitis
vein thrombosis salmonelosis
stroke tuberculosis
rabies
NERVOUS AND MENTAL
measles
DISORDERS
mumps
sleeplessness/insomnia
scarlet fever
migraine
German measles
depression
chicken pox
breakdown
polio
neurosis
whooping cough
psychosis
diphtheria
mania
vaccination/inoculation
schizophrenia
to be vaccinated/
paranoia inoculated against sth
100
P A I N S A N D T R O U B L E S : g u e s s w h i c h pains, troubles or illnesses these people m a y have.
NOTES
101
INJURIES
to suffer a serious/minor/ scald
internal injury
frostbite
to escape/avoid injury
drowning
head, etc. injury/
bite
an injury to the head, etc.
snakebite
casualty
poisoning
wounded/injured
to fester
to hurt/injure sb/oneself
to weep
to hurt one s (knee...)
scar
stab/knife/gunshot wound
concussion
flesh/gaping wound
unconscious
to heal a wound
electric shock
to heal
to sprain/twist to faint
sprain
to bring sb round
to break
to come round
fracture
severe/heavy bleeding
to pull/strain a muscle
internal bleeding
slipped disc
to lose a lot of blood
sciatica
to bleed to death
cut
amputation
graze
suitable donor
scrape
(blood/organ...) donor
sting
to volunteer to donate blood
splinter
to be out of danger
blister
to survive
bruise
to die of sth
burn
FIRST AID
to have an accident splint
to give first aid to stop the bleeding
an emergency tourniquet
first aid kit to resuscitate
sterile mouth-to-mouth resuscitation
gauze artificial respiration/
dressing/bandage the kiss of life
plaster to call an ambulance
antiseptic to carry sb on a stretcher
painkiller to be taken by ambulance

to hospital
ointment
to be rushed to hospital
to clean the wound
to bandage accident and emergency
to stitch up the cut department
to put in plaster operating theatre/

emergency room
to immobilize
complications
sling
after-effects
neck brace
102
TREATMENT
treatment of/for (cancer, etc.) penicillin
to be given treatment to sweat/perspire
under close medical to apply a cold compress
supervision
short-term/long-term effect
to follow the doctor's advice
effective medicine/drug to have a complete rest
side effects to keep out of contact
to take one s medicine with people
recommended dose to spread the germs
overdose to infect sb
pill alternative/modern/
traditional... medicine
tablet
allopathic/
drops
homeopathic medicine
ointment
herbal/holistic medicine
gargle
aromatherapy
antibiotic
acupuncture
antidepressant
massage
sedative
chiropractic
painkiller
yoga
aspirin
therapist
AT THE DOCTOR
patient results
GP (general practitioner) to send sb for an X-ray
nurse to have/undergo/submit
surgery (a medical examination)
waiting room to have regular checkups
to make an appointment to strip to the waist
with the doctor
to stick out one s tongue
to go to/see/ to take sb's pulse/
visit a doctor about sth blood pressure
to consult a doctor to give an injection
to prescribe some medicine
to examine sb
prescription
to do a test
to collect one's medicine
finding
chemist s/pharmacy
AT THE DENTIST
toothache oral hygiene
cavity filling
tooth decay brace
decayed/rotten tooth to drill
plaque to extract/pull
gum abscess to have a tooth out
loose tooth false teeth/dentures
103
I N J U R I E S , F I R S T A I D A N D T R E A T M E N T : c o m m e n t o n the injuries a n d m i s h a p s illustrated below a n d t h i n k of the

m o s t appropriate first aid or treatment.
NOTES
104
crown gum
bridge incisor
canine
TOOTH
milk tooth
enamel
premolar
nerve
molar
root
wisdom tooth
IN HOSPITAL
hospital care/treatment under anaesthetic
hospital stay general/local anaesthetic
to be admitted to hospital : to operate on (the knee, etc.)
to be in hospital : to be confined to bed
ward : intensive care unit (ICU)
to be discharged/ : department
released from hospital
: The doctor is (out)
outpatient I on his rounds.
inpatient cardiology
clinic :' gynaecology
visiting hours i maternity
blood test paediatrics
X-ray dermatology
analysis of blood/urine orthopaedics
to make (an accurate) diagnosis physiotherapy
surgeon (plastic) surgery
anaesthetist oncology
to have/undergo an operation urology
to perform a psychiatry
(routine) operation
DISABILITIES
disability Braille
handicap guide dog/seeing eye dog
the disabled deaf and dumb
physically/mentally disabled sign language
to be hearing-impaired to sign
to be hard of hearing to be in a wheelchair
deaf to be confined to a wheelchair
hearing aid
wheelchair user
visually impaired
short-sighted artificial limb/prosthesis
long-sighted crutches
to need constant care
colour-blind
home care
blind
to look after sb
to go blind
105
LIFESTYLE
good/poor health sedentary way of life
state of health lack of physical exercise
(good) physical and mental regular exercise
condition
strenuous
innate
high cholesterol level in
gene the blood
genetic (make-up, defect, etc.) diabetes
malnutrition
heredity
overeating
longevity
obesity
environmental factors
low fat diet
to live to (be) 90
to consist of sth
to take care of one's (mental)
to have a balanced diet
health
to drink enough liquid
to keep fit
to be good/bad for one's
to limit sweets/fatty meals
health
to avoid sth
to contribute to good health
temptation
prevention
excessive coffee/alcohol
health risk/hazard
drinking
health problem
hangover
to be prone to sth
to build up an addiction to sth
to succumb to sth
to be addicted to sth/be
to ruin/damage one s health hooked on sth (inf)
to gamble with one s health nicotine
to overdo it (inf) addict
to cut down on sth to smoke a lot/heavily
to slow down to chain-smoke/smoke like
to be under a lot of stress a chimney (inf)
at work risk of developing lung cancer
to cope with stress to have a strong will
stressful strong-minded
run-down determination
to learn to relax perseverance
sufficient sleep ban on smoking in public
places
106
M R H A Z A R D ' S LIFESTYLE: w h a t d o y o u think of this m a n ' s lifestyle? Explain where y o u disagree with his choices.
NOTES
107
25. WEATHER
WEATHER AND TEMPERATURE

What s the weather like? It's (10) degrees above/
good/bad weather conditions below zero.
(-10) degrees Centigrade/
Celsius
nice/fine/fair/lovely weather
centigrade thermometer
nasty/horrible/
lousy (inf) weather to reach the freezing/
melting point
settled
to watch the weather (forecast)
unpredictable
weatherman
unsettled/changeable
in all weathers
to get warm
to set in
to get cold
to warm up arctic/temperate/
tropical climate
high/low tempetures
oceanic/continental/
to fall/go down insular climate
to rise/go up climate/weather change
global warming
SUNNY AND HOT WEATHER

in the sun sultry heat/stifling hot/
boiling hot
in the shade
scorcher
sunny
sweltering hot
bright
warm to blaze down on sth/sb
to glare
The sun is shining,
to swelter
to rise/come up
to set/go down
dry spell
clear/cloudless sky
drought
hot/the heat
arid (land, etc.)
heatwave
humid (air/climate/
atmosphere)
RAINY WEATHER
light/steady rain wet/rainy
moisture (scattered) showers
It looks like rain. (heavy) downpour
cloudy/overcast sky heavy/torrential/
pouring rain
grey/dull
It's pouring/bucketing
cloud
down/teeming down.
It s clouding over.
hailstorm
It's drizzling/spitting, (inf)
hailstones
cold
It's hailing.
damp
108
25. WEATHER
puddle to clear up
raindrop rainbow
to be flooded (thick/dense) fog
floods (fine) mist
to be rain-drenched/soaked hazy/misty/foggy
to get wet through/
get drenched through
WIND AND STORM

(cool/warm...) breeze thunder
flash of lightning
(mild/strong...) wind
clap/crack/roll/
to blow (hard) crash of thunder
windy to thunder
It's windy. to strike
clustery hurricane/typhoon
gale tornado
storm
SNOW AND FROST

mild/severe winter ground frost
cold spell/cold snap to shiver/tremble with cold
to be frozen (stiff)
chilly
to freeze to death
frosty
icy (roads...)
to snow (heavily)
icy/frosty (wind...)
snowfall
icy cold
It's snowing.
black ice
crisp
icicle
powdery
to thaw/melt
packed (snow)
thaw
snowflake
The snow is beginning to melt.
hoarfrost
It thawed overnight.
to pile up
The lake thawed last month.
snowdrifts
to clear the snow It's sleeting.
snowstorm/blizzard
It's freezing (hard). slush
hard/heavy/sharp/severe frost mud
109
25. WEATHER
W E A T H E R C O N D I T I O N S : w h a t ' s the weather g i r l ' s o u t l o o k for the w e e k ?
NOTES
110
26. CULTURE AND ENTERTAINMENT
FILM AND CINEMA

silent/feature film to make/shoot a film
(romantic) comedy director
slapstick comedy producer
drama film crew
thriller cameraman
western scriptwriter
action/horror/war film screenplay
love story make-up artist
tearjerker (inf) special effects
cartoon soundtrack
animated film trailer
to dub critic
subtitles review
(all-star/star-filled) cast cinema
actor multiplex
actress cinema-goer
to star What s on at the cinema
film star today?
a rising star ticket for (a film)
leading/principal actor box-office hit/

blockbuster (inf)
supporting role
flop (inf)
stuntman/woman
premiere
to go to an audition X-rated film
THEATRE
AT THE THEATRE usher(ette)
theatregoer
theatre programme
in the wings
auditorium
backstage
stage
dressing room
aisle
orchestra pit
seat
prompter
the stalls
costume
box
set
balcony
scenery
dress circle
stage prop
box office
rehearsal for/of
sold out
(Romeo and Juliet)
complimentary ticket
for the theatre dress rehearsal
cloakroom
lobby to rehearse a play
111
THEATRE STAFF farce

play
three-act play
playwright
pantomime
actor
musical
actress
matinee
hero
evening performance
heroine
first night/premiere
lead/leading/starring role
full/empty house
supporting role/part
the curtain rises/opens/
major/minor/title role goes up
to take the part of Romeo the curtain falls/closes/
goes down
to play/act the part of Romeo
to be cast in the role/part outstanding/poor perfomance
to cast sb in the male/

female lead to play in a convincing way
a stand-in for sb The performance was a success
understudy to clap/applaud
extra applause
standing ovation
stage manager
costume designer to get/win a round of applause
make-up artist loud/thunderous applause

curtain call
stagehand
to have a long run
PERFORMANCE
to be on/be shown/be playing box-office hit/blockbuster (inf)
Romeo and Juliet" failure/flop (inf)

is playing tonight. to hiss/boo
to put on/perform a play to learn/forget one's lines
tragedy to have stage fright
comedy
MUSIC AND CONCERT

MUSIC blues, rap, punk,
to play music heavy metal...
to listen to music to form a band/group
to write/compose music to read music
to set/put sth to music
note
musician
high/low note
composer
tune/melody
singer
lyrics
vocal/live/recorded music
to sing/play in tune
classical/chamber music out of tune
symphony female/male voice
sonata soprano
overture alto
musical style mezzo soprano
pop/rock/jazz/country music tenor
baritone
112
A N I G H T AT T H E T H E A T R E : c o m e u p with a story to explain R o b a n d D i a n e ' s n i g h t at the theatre.
NOTES
113
bass kettledrum
to improvise drumstick
to play by ear to beat drums
to be musical/have an ear cymbals
for music
xylophone
to be tone-deaf
triangle
tambourine
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
keyboard
stringed instrument
piano
string
organ
bow
violin
AT A CONCERT
cello
to give a concert
viola
orchestra
double bass
band/group
to pluck
conductor
plectrum/pick (inf)
podium
acoustic/electric guitar
the audience
banjo
soloist
mandolin
accompanist
harp
choir
woodwind/wind instrument
vocalist
flute
microphone
piccolo
pianist
saxophone
guitarist
clarinet
drummer
oboe
flautist
bassoon
saxophonist
mouth organ
the strings/the string section
bagpipes
brass instrument woodwinds/the woodwind
trumpet
trombone the brass
horn
the percussion
French horn
tuba synthesiser
percussion to accompany sb (on the piano)
drum fan
BOOKS AND READING

BOOK chapter
spine passage
binding paragraph
cover line
book jacket page
title flyleaf
subtitle
introduction
contents
preface/foreword
114
epilogue sequel
blurb biography
dedication autobiography
appendix diary
bibliography reference book
index encyclopedia
illustration thesaurus
graphics atlas
hardback coursebook/textbook
paperback dictionary
copy handbook/manual/guide book
reprint bestseller/blockbuster (inf)
to publish trash
edition
to translate into (French) READING
review voracious/avid reader
literary critic/reviewer bookworm
plot well-read
character readable
setting well-written
to read sth from cover to cover
LITERATURE
author/writer to read sth at/in one sitting
novelist I couldn t tear myself
literary genre away from the book.
prose heavy book
poetry dull/boring book
non-fiction to get around to the book
fiction
to have several books going
detective/historical/
romantic novel

to skip some parts
science fiction to finish the book
short story
: to reread sth
love story
| to flick/leaf/browse
chick lit I through sth
fairy tales : to skim/scan through sth
detective story/whodunit ; to pore over sth
thriller
horror : to plough through sth
ART AND HANDICRAFTS

contemporary/modern art ; sculpture
artist | work of art
painter ; valuable
sculptor ; oil painting
visual arts ': abstract painting
painting I landscape
drawing ; still life
115
portrait engraving
self-portrait woodworking
acrylic/oil paints pottery
pastels potter's wheel
easel clay
palette modelling
brush jewellery making
art gallery glass painting
art collector sewing
to exhibit embroidery
exhibition crochet
photography lace-making
camera weaving
handicraft macrame
116
E N T E R T A I N M E N T : w h a t entertainment d o these people enjoy?
NOTES
117
27. MEDIA
NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES

the press : leading story/article
in the local/national : the front page
newspaper
; editorial
daily
I column
weekly
I report
monthly
i classified ad
Sunday newspaper
want ad
tabloid
lonely hearts
the gutter press
(comic) strip
broadsheet
T V and radio guide
periodical
photographer glossy magazine
paparazzi
circulation journal
target audience supplement
reporter/journalist subscription
editor to publish sth
proof-reader to subscribe to sth
headline to skim/scan
banner headline to flick through sth/

leaf through sth
to be in/make/grab/
hit the headlines
TELEVISION
television/TV (inf)/telly (inf) live broadcast
the box (inf)/the tube (inf) current affairs
to watch television/TV reporter
on television/on T V interviewer
to turn on/off documentary
to turn down/turn up series
to change the channel television serial
to switch over to ( C N N ...) three-part serial
screen soap opera
controls sitcom
remote control talk show/chat show
television broadcast reality show
channel presenter
terrestrial host
cable to host a show
satellite music programme
digital VJ/veejay
the news game show
newsreader/anchor quiz show
prime time sports programme
118
27. MEDIA
commentator preview
commercial webcast
licence fee
RADIO
to listen to the radio studio
on the radio radio programme
to turn the radio on/off news
to turn the radio down/up newsreader
to tune in to a radio station announcer/presenter
broadcast
frequency to host a talk show/chat show
wavelength phone-in
long-/medium-/short-wave
119
27. MEDIA
T H E M E D I A : c o m p a r e a n d contrast these pictures.
NOTES
120
28. COMMUNICATION
TELEPHONING
to pick up/lift the receiver local/long distance call
to dial a number area code
to phone a number to look up the number
to answer the phone phone book/
telephone directory
to take the phone to get through to sb
(in the office) to call about sth
to make a call to leave a message
to get/receive a call to take a message
to be on the phone answering machine
to speak on the phone voicemail
to call/phone (up)/ring sb to speak up
to give sb a call/give sb a ring The line is engaged/busy,
to use sb's phone to hold on/hold the line
to call sb back to dial the wrong number
by/over the phone to mistake sb for someone else
to replace/hang up
(the receiver) to mishear
to hang up on sb
to be cut off
pay phone
phone booth reverse charge call/collect call
mobile phone hoax/crank call (BrE)/

prank call (AmE)
phone bill
anonymous call
phone card
to slam down the phone
text message
to call a doctor/the police/
to text/text message a cab, etc.
incoming/outgoing calls
THE INTERNET
to have access to to check one's email
the Internet/the Net
to be connected to send/receive/save an email
connection
service provider email address
user inbox
network to attach
to log in/on to sth attachment

to visit sb's website/chat room
to log off/out
password to be posted on the website
user name
web page
to be online/offline
chatroom
to download (a file)
to surf the Net
to contact sb by email
to browse
121
28. COMMUNICATION
to search for sth to find sth on the Internet

(web) browser to shop online
POST OFFICE SERVICES

writing paper/notepaper airmail
envelope surface mail
stamp special delivery
postcode postbox
postage letterbox
to put a stamp on sth to drop in the postbox
sender to clear one's letterbox
addressee
to enclose sth to collect sth at the post office
enclosure (to deliver/be notified etc)

by post
to hand in at the counter
to get lost in the post
letter
postcard to open one's post
package/parcel
junk mail to weigh
postman/postwoman scales
to post a letter/parcel the contents
to deliver Fragile
by recorded delivery/ Handle with care

by registered post This side up
to send sth C O D Urgent
(cash on delivery)
for the attention of sb
return address
c/o (care of)
postal order
122
28. COMMUNICATION
T E L E P H O N I N G : tell the tragic story of the t e l e p h o n e catastrophe.
NOTES
123
29. CRIME
CRIMES AND CRIMINALS
TOWARDS THINGS AND PROPERTY a hijacking
to commit a crime/an offence hijacker
petty/serious crime to threaten
violent crime to demand a ransom
to break into (a shop) missing
to steal sth from sb wanted
theft
to blackmail
thief blackmail
to rob (a bank) blackmailer
robbery
to extort (money) from sb
robber
to rape
to rob sb of sth
rape
to burgle
rapist
burglary
attempted rape
burglar
rape victim
stolen (cars, valuables...) to murder
to nick (inf)/pinch sth (inf)
murder
to shoplift murderer
shoplifting
attempted murder
shoplifter
murder weapon
pickpocket
manslaughter
to poach
felony
poaching
to assassinate
poacher
assassin
arson
arsonist CHEATING AND OTHER DISHO
riot/fight BEHAVIOUR
rioter to cheat
a cheat
TOWARDS PEOPLE to cheat sb out of sth
to attack sb to con sb out of
to beat sb up (an amount) (inf)
to assault sb con (inf)
assault rip-off (inf)
to mug crook (inf)
mugging to rip sb off
mugger
to be taken in
to defend oneself against/
from sb to embezzle
in self-defence embezzlement
to kidnap sb/abduct sb embezzler
kidnapping/ abduction to smuggle
kidnapper/abductor smuggling
hostage smuggler
to hijack forger
124
29. CRIME
forgery under the table

forgery/fake to bribe
counterfeit/fake/false bribery
(money, goods...) corruption
piracy to accept/take a bribe
pirate to forge/fake/counterfeit
to bootleg to betray
treason
bootleg (recordings, alcohol...)
THE CRIMINAL CAUGHT

victim to arrest sb/nick sb (inf)
(main/chief) suspect to put handcuffs on sb
culprit to be taken to a police station
accused
criminal to hold/keep sb in custody
to launch a search/manhunt
to escape/get away
extensive
to investigate
nationwide
investigation
international
to interrogate
to search sth
interrogation
to search for sb
eyewitness
to issue a warrant
to make up
to suspect sb of sth
(the whole story, etc.)
to search sb for sth
to take a lie detector test
to leave sb's
fingerprints (on sth)
to prove
to confuse the police
evidence
disguise
to produce an alibi
to be caught red-handed/
to help the police
in the act
with their inquiries
AT COURT
to be charged with sth/ the jury
be accused of sth
defendant/the accused
to face an accusation of sth
the prosecution
false accusation
prosecutor
to pay bail
the defence
to release sb on bail
barrister
court case
in the dock
trial
in the witness box
to take sb to court
to hear the case
to appear in court
to examine the evidence
to be on trial for sth/
to hear the witnesses
be tried for sth
to be under oath
courtroom
to testify
the judge
testimony
125
29. CRIME
T Y P E S O F C R I M E : which crime is illustrated in each of these pictures?
NOTES
126
perjury to increase/reduce a sentence
to be acquitted/ to order sb to pay a fine
convicted of a charge
to serve a sentence
to drop the charges against sb
light/stiff sentence
heavy sentence
to plead guilty/confess
suspended sentence
to rule (in sb s favour)
life imprisonment
to give the verdict
death penalty/
to find sb guilty/
capital punishment
innocent of a crime
to get away with...
to sentence sb to
(2 years in prison, etc.) to go free
to be sentenced to/get/ to release sb/set sb free/free sb

be given ...
to put sb behind bars (inf) (un)just punishment
cell to appeal against one s

conviction
to order sb to do
community service to appeal to the highest courts
127
29. CRIME
T H E M U R D E R I N V E S T I G A T I O N : tell the story of h o w M r s Rose e n d e d u p b e h i n d bars.
NOTES
128
30. DEATH AND FUNERAL
DEATH
to be close to death : to die from cancer/injuries...
to die/pass away
cause of death to die in one s sleep
to bleed to death to commit suicide
to freeze to death to die young/poor
to burn to death to die a hero/a martyr
to drown
to die for sth
to die a natural/violent death
to do a post-mortem/
autopsy on sb
to die in an accident
coroner
to die of starvation/old age...
FUNERAL
funeral graveyard/cemetery
to go to/attend sb's funeral the mourners
obituary
undertaker the bereaved
bereavement
burial to express sympathy
cremation condolence
buried to mourn/grieve for sb
burned/cremated to mourn sb's death
coffin to be in mourning
urn to wear mourning (dress)
hearse to seek/find solace
grave to be a solace to sb
gravestone/tombstone to make a last will
funeral procession to bequeath/leave sth to sb
funeral oration to bequeath sb a fortune
to lay a wreath
129

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Family Relationships Guide

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CONTENTS

10. TOWN A N D SIGHTS

14. CLOTHES A N D FASHION

15. FOOD A N D DRINKS

16. COOKING A N D EATING

19. SCHOOL A N D EDUCATION

20. THE H U M A N BODY

21. PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

22. FEELINGS, EMOTIONS, M O O D S

24. HEALTH A N D ILLNESS

26. CULTURE A N D ENTERTAINMENT

30. DEATH A N D FUNERAL

family background bachelor

to raise/start a family spinster

marital status close/distant/blood relative

to marry sb off ancestor

father-in-law an only child

nephew : sibling rivalry

F A M I L Y T R E E : describe M i k e ' s family tree.

'E: Valentine is m a d l y in love with E m m a . W h a t is their story a s s h o w n in the pitures b e l o w ?

to match sb up with sb steady girlfriend

D A T I N G : invent a story e x p l a i n i n g w h y Jane falls asleep d u r i n g her date with Peter.

W E D D I N G : c o m p a r e a n d contrast these t w o pictures. W h i c h w e d d i n g w o u l d y o u prefer? W h y ?

unhealthy jealousy to make a fuss about

henpecked husband domestic violence

He is completely under to beat sb

gambler to put up with sth/reconcile

to lose one's temper

to feel offended to apologize for sth

T H E T U R T L E D O V E S : w h a t ' s the interesing story b e h i n d this a b s u r d couple? W h a t marital p r o b l e m s d o they

to be overdue/be late pushchair, buggy (BrE)/

obedient to make a lot of noise

problem/difficult child Kids, what are you

spoilt/spoiled to need a firm hand

brat (inf) to soften sb up

not be allowed to do sth as a punishment

to forbid sb to do sth physical/corporal punishment

to disapprove of sth to spank sb

C H I L D R E N : t h i n k of the j o y s a n d worries each s t a g e of a child's d e v e l o p m e n t m a y bring, a n d c o m e u p with a

PROBLEMS OF YOUNG PEOPLE

P R O B L E M S O F Y O U N G P E O P L E : c o m m e n t o n h o w the t e e n a g e r s in the pictures s p e n d their free time. Are/Were

to oversleep (for work) to get dressed

to get up early/late to put sth on

to be an early bird/riser to get undressed

to sleep in to take sth off

night owl to walk the dog

to jump out of bed to have sth for breakfast

to crawl out of bed to skip breakfast

to drag sb out of bed to have a quick breakfast

to yawn to do sth in a rush

to stretch to take one's time

to set the alarm clock for (7:00) to be in a hurry/rush

to go off at (7:00) to rush sb

to do one's morning routine rush

to do/take exercise to commute to work

to have/take a quick shower to go to work by car/by bus...

to have a wash in cold water

to do the shopping to watch T V

to do the cleaning to watch sth on T V

to do the cooking to take a bath

to relax to take a shower

TIME FOR BED

to spend a sleepless night to snore