Universidad Autnoma de Quertaro

Facultad de Lenguas y Letras

Licenciatura en Lenguas Modernas Ingls
Phonetics and Phonology
General information:
Teacher: Dr. Eduardo Patricio Velzquez Patio
E-mail: utka@yahoo.com
Semester: 2nd, LLM-I, 2017-1
Duration: January to June, 2017
Dates: Tuesday and Thursday 16:00-18:00
Objectives:
Students:
will learn the fundamental concepts about phonetics and phonology and they will learn how
to apply them to their own future research questions.
will describe the phonetic system of English and other languages from articulatory, acoustic
and auditory points of view.
will use the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) as a tool for their transcripts.
will learn how to use the basic functions of computer tools for phonetic analysis.
will continuously consider the relationships between the contents of the whole course.
will integrate phonetic and phonological issues to the study of the rest of language levels.
Contents:
The present course is divided in three areas: phonetics, phonology, and their applications. Each
area will be developed in a theoretical as well as a practical way. Phonetics will be studied from
three points of view: articulation, acoustic transmission, and audition-perception, corresponding
to the three phonetic study fields. Special attention will be drawn to segmental transcription using
the International Phonetic Alphabet and the use of analysis software in order to study and
visualize speech. As for phonology, we will discover and study the phonemes of English and
other languages, their distinctive features, the rules they follow, and their influence on syllables
and, therefore, on prosodic structure. The last part will be devoted to an exploration of the
different pronunciations of English around the World and the phonological systems of other
languages. Throughout this course, knowledge will be applied to language acquisition, language
learning, social aspects of phonetic variation, and technological applications, among others.
Course evaluation:
The final grade will be determined by two exams, one essay, which will be presented in front of
the class, active participation during the development of every class, and homework, which is
mandatory and must be handed in on time.
First term (phonetics): 30%
Second term (phonology): 30%
Essay: 10%
Presentation: 10%
Participation and homework: 20%
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Course program:
0. Introduction
0.1 Presentation and Sensitization
0.2 Complexity of Language Levels
0.3 Difference between Phonetics and Phonology
0.4 Relationships to Other Study Fields

1. Phonetics: The Sounds of Language

1.1 Sound Segments
1.1.1 Identity of Speech Sounds
1.2 Articulatory Phonetics
1.2.1 Consonants
a. Places of Articulation
b. Manner of Articulation
c. Phonetic Symbols for American English Consonants
1.2.2 Vowels
a. Lip Rounding
b. Diphthongs
c. Nasalization of Vowels
d. Tense and Lax Vowels
e. Different (Tongue) Strokes for Different Folks
1.2.3 Major Phonetic Classes
a. Non-Continuants and Continuants
b. Obstruents and Sonorants
c. Consonantal
d. Syllabic Sounds
1.3 Acoustic Phonetics
1.3.1 Nature and Dispersion of Sound
a. Pure Tones
b. Complex Tones
1.3.2 Computerized Phonetic Analysis Using Praat
a. Fundamental Frequency and Formant Frequencies
b. Intensity
c. Duration
d. Spectrogram
1.3.3 Acoustic Analysis of Vowels, Consonants and Phonation Types
1.4 Auditory Phonetics
1.4.1 Auditive System
1.4.2 Speech Perception
a. Acoustic Cues
b. Perception Units: Syllables
c. Word Identification
1.5 Prosodic Features
1.5.1 Tone and Intonation
1.6 Phonetic Symbols and Spelling Correspondences
1.7 The Phonetics of Signed Languages

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2. Phonology: The Sound Patterns of Language
2.1 The Pronunciation of Morphemes
2.1.1 The Pronunciation of Plurals
2.1.2 Additional Examples of Allomorphs
2.2 Phonemes: The Phonological Units of Language
2.2.1 Vowel Nasalization in English as an Illustration of Allophones
2.2.2 Allophones of /t/
2.2.3 Minimal Pairs in ASL
2.2.4 Complementary Distribution
2.3 Distinctive Features of Phonemes
2.3.1 Feature Values
2.3.2 Non-distinctive Features
2.3.4 Phonemic Patterns May Vary Across Languages
2.3.5 Natural Classes of Speech Sounds
2.3.6 Feature Specifications for American English Consonants and Vowels
2.4 The Rules of Phonology
2.4.1 Assimilation Rules
2.4.2 Dissimilation Rules
2.4.3 Feature-Changing Rules
2.4.4 Segment Insertion and Deletion Rules
2.4.5 Movement (Metathesis) Rules
2.4.6 From One to Many and from Many to One
2.4.7 The Function of Phonological Rules
2.4.8 Slips of the Tongue: Evidence for Phonological Rules
2.5 Prosodic Phonology
2.5.1 Syllable Structure
2.5.2 Word Stress
2.5.3 Sentence and Phrase Stress
2.5.4 Intonation
2.6 Sequential Constraints of Phonemes
2.6.1 Lexical Gaps
2.7 Why Do Phonological Rules Exist?
2.8 Phonological Analysis: Discovering Phonemes
3. Application
3.1 Accent Variation General American
3.2 Accents of the British Isles 1: England
3.3 Accents of the British Isles 2: Celtic-Influenced Varieties
3.4 World Accent Varieties of English
3.5 Variation in Spanish Pronunciation
3.6 Pronunciation Change: Past, Present, Future
3.7 Teaching and Learning a Foreign Language
3.8 Universal Patterns and Strategies in Child Phonology
Websites:
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
http://www2.arts.gla.ac.uk/IPA/IPA_chart_(C)2005.pdf
IPA Help Preview
http://www.sil.org/computing/speechtools/ipahelp/IPAprvw2.htm

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Software for acoustic phonetics: PRAAT
http://www.praat.org/
El anlisis acstico del habla, Joaquim Llisterri, (Universitat Autnoma de Barcelona)
http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/phonetics/fon_anal_acus/Analisis_Acustico.html
Fontica y Fonologa de la Lengua Espaola, Universidad Nacional de Educacin a Distancia
http://www.uned.es/451059/451059d.htm
Curso bsico de fontica general, Summer Institute of Linguistics International
http://www.sil.org/training/capacitar/FONETICA/cursos/CursoBasicoFonetica.stm
Curso bsico de fonologa, Summer Institute of Linguistics International
http://www.sil.org/training/capacitar/Fonologia/cursos/cursobasicofonol.htm
An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology, Robert Mannell, Felicity Cox and Jonathan Harrington
(Department of Linguistics, Macquarie University, 2009)
http://clas.mq.edu.au/phonetics/index.html
Basic readings:
Clark, John & Yallop, Colin (1995). An introduction to phonetics and phonology. 2nd ed. Oxford:
Blackwell. [PDF]
Collins, Beverley & Mees, Inger M (2003). Practical Phonetics and Phonology. A Resource Book for
Students. London: Routledge.
Crystal, David (1997): The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge: CUP. [PDF]
Davenport, Mike & Hannahs, Stephen J. (1998). Introducing phonetics and phonology. London: Arnold.
Davis, John F (1998). Phonetics and phonology. Stuttgart, Leipzig, Dsseldorf: Klett.
DIntrono, Francesco; del Teso, Enrique & Weston, R. (1995). Fontica y fonologa actual del espaol.
Madrid: Ctedra.
Fromkin, Victoria; Rodman, Robert & Hyams, Nina (2007). An Introduction to Language. 8th ed.
Boston: Thomson Wadsworth. [PDF]
Garca Lecumberri, Ma. Luisa & Maidment, John A. (2000). English Transcription Course. London,
New York: Routledge. [PDF]
Gil Fernndez, Juana (ed.) (2000). Panorama de la fonologa espaola actual. Madrid: Arco.
Hualde, Jos Ignacio (2005). The Sounds of Spanish. Cambridge: CUP.
Iribarren, Mary C. (2005). Fontica y fonologa espaolas. Madrid: Sntesis.
Johnson, Keith (2003). Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell.
Johnson, Wyn & Reimers, Paula (2010). Patterns in child phonology. Edinburgh: EUP.
Kelly, Gerald (2000). How to Teach Pronunciation. Edinburh: Longman/Pearson. [PDF]
Kreidler, Charles W. (2004). The pronunciation of English. A Course Book. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell.
[PDF]
Ladefoged, Peter (2003). Phonetic data analysis: an introduction to fieldwork and instrumental
techniques. Oxford: Blackwell.
Ladefoged, Peter (2005). Vowels and Consonants. 2nd ed. Oxford et al.: Blackwell.
Ladefoged, Peter & Maddieson, Ian (1996). The Sounds of the Worlds Languages. Oxford: Blackwell.
Lodge, Ken (2009). A Critical Introduction to Phonetics. London, New York: Continuum. [PDF]
Martnez Celdrn, Eugenio (2007). Anlisis espectrogrfico de los sonidos del habla. 2nd ed. Barcelona:
Ariel Lingstica.
Martnez Celdrn, Eugenio & Fernndez Planas, Ana M. (2007). Manual de fontica espaola.
Articulaciones y sonidos del espaol. Barcelona: Ariel Lingstica.
McCully, Christopher (2009). The Sound Structure of English. An Introduction. Cambridge: CUP. [PDF]
McMahon, April (2002). An Introduction to English Phonology. Edinburgh: EUP. [PDF]
Ogden, Richard (2009). An Introduction to Englich Phonetics. Edinburgh: EUP. [PDF]
Reetz, Henning & Jongman, Allard (2009). Phonetics. Transcription, Production, Acoustics, and
Perception. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. [PDF]
Rogers, Henry (2000). The sounds of language: an introduction to phonetics. Marlow: Longman.
Smith, Jeremy J. (2007). Sound Change and the History of English. Oxford: OUP. [PDF]