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Refer to Figure A-16, page 675, Power Plant Engineering by Frederick T. Morse:
For 1.5 MW or 1500 KW, 3-phase, 60 cycle synchronous generator, efficiency ( gen) at
300 rpm at full load is 95.4%
Hnet = P
g Q T gen
1.5 x 106
Hnet =
103(9.81)(7)(0.92)(0.954)
Hnet = 24.90 m
Where:
density of water = 1000 kg/ m3
g gravitational acceleration = 9.81 m/ s2
Q volume discharge = 7 m3 / s
Hnet net head
T turbine efficiency
gen generator efficiency
From Table 9-1 0f Sec. 9-4 Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers , 14 th Edition,
Type of turbine applicable is the adjustable-blade propeller type or Kaplan turbine.
V = CV 2g Hnet
For good nozzles with smooth walls, CV is usually from 0.97 0.99. (from Sec.
11.13 Fluid Mechanics with Engineering Applications by Daugherty & Franzini, 6 th
edition)
Using CV = 0.97,
V = 0.97 {2(9.81)(24.90)}
V = 21.44 m/sec
Q = AV
Q = ( D2 / 4) V
1/2
D=[4Q/V]
Where:
Q volume discharge
A Area of the penstock cross-section
V absolute velocity
D penstock diameter
P = Pout / gen
P = 1,572,327 W = 1,572.33 KW
NS = 3001572.33 KW
(24.9)5/4
NS = 214 rpm